fabrics

Absorbency=The ability of a fabric to take in moisture.

Polyester filament is often wrapped with a cotton outer layer in order to provide the strength and resiliency of polyester, along with the moisture-absorbent aesthetics and dye affinity of cotton.

Acetate=A manufactured fiber formed by compound of cellulose, refined from cotton linters and/or wood pulp, and acedic acid that has been extruded through a spinneret and then hardened.

Acrylic=A manufactured fiber derived from polyacrylonitrile.

End-uses include activewear apparel, rope, indoor-outdoor carpets, lawn furniture, and upholstery.

Sisal=A strong bast fiber that originates from the leaves of the Agave plant, which is found in the West Indies, Central America, and Africa.

Flocking=A type of raised decoration applied to the surface of a fabric in which an adhesive is printed on the fabric in a specific pattern, and then finely chopped fibers are applied by means of dusting, air-brushing, or electrostatic charges.

Also known as Angora mohair.

Also known as Angora mohair.

Twill Weave=A basic weave in which the fabrics are constructed by interlacing warp and filling yarns in a progressive alternation which creates a diagonal effect on the face, or right side, of the fabric.

In this process, the wood pulp or cotton liners are dissolved in an ammoniac copper oxide solution.

Acetate=A manufactured fiber formed by compound of cellulose, refined from cotton linters and/or wood pulp, and acedic acid that has been extruded through a spinneret and then hardened.

Angora=The hair of the Angora goat.

Angora=The hair of the Angora goat.

Angora may also apply to the fur of the Angora rabbit.

Blend=A term applied to a yarn or a fabric that is made up of more than one fiber.

Common end-uses include dresses, aprons, and quilts.

Monofilaments are usually spun singularly, rather than extruded as a group of filaments through a spinneret and spun into a yarn.

Burlap=A loosely constructed, heavy weight, plain weave fabric used as a carpet backing, and as inexpensive packaging for sacks of grain or rice.

The weft-faced fabric design is made by using colored filling yarns, only in areas where needed, that are worked back and forth over spun warp yarns, which are visible on the back.

Burlap=A loosely constructed, heavy weight, plain weave fabric used as a carpet backing, and as inexpensive packaging for sacks of grain or rice.

Camel's Hair=A natural fiber obtained from the hair of the Bactrian camel, a two-humped pack-carrying species.

Fiberfill=Specially engineered manufactured fibers, which are used as filler material in pillows, mattresses, mattress pads, sleeping bags, comforters, quilts, and outerwear.

Basket Weave=A variation of the plain weave construction, formed by treating two or more warp yarns and/or two or more filling yarns as one unit in the weaving process.

Basket Weave=A variation of the plain weave construction, formed by treating two or more warp yarns and/or two or more filling yarns as one unit in the weaving process.

Bast Fiber=Strong, soft, woody fibers, such as flax, jute, hemp, and ramie, which are obtained from the inner bark in the stems of certain plants.

Hemp=A coarse, durable bast fiber obtained from the inner bark of the hemp plant.

Bast Fiber=Strong, soft, woody fibers, such as flax, jute, hemp, and ramie, which are obtained from the inner bark in the stems of certain plants.

Batiste=A medium-weight, plain weave fabric, usually made of cotton or cotton blends.

End-uses include dresses, shirtings, pajamas, and bedspreads.

Face=The right side or the better-looking side of the fabric.

End-uses include billiard table surfaces and men's' sportswear.

End-uses include billiard table surfaces and men's' sportswear.

In the weaving process, the two layers of woven fabric are held together using binder threads.

Jute=A bast fiber, chiefly from India, used primarily for gunny sacks, bags, cordage, and binding threads in carpets and rugs.

(For example, black and white may be blended together to create a grey heathered yarn.)

A true madras will bleed when washed.

In blended yarns, two or more different types of staple fibers are twisted or spun together to form the yarn.

End-uses include blouses and dresses.

Boucle=A knit or woven fabric made from a rough, curly, knotted boucle yarn.

It is the ability of a fabric to bounce back after it has been twisted, wrinkled, or distorted in any way.

Ticking=A tightly woven, very durable fabric, usually made of cotton, and used for covering mattresses, box springs, pillows, and work clothes.

Tricot knits are frequently used in women's lingerie items such as slips, bras, panties, and nightgowns.

Peau de Soie=A heavy twill weave drapeable satin fabric, made of silk or a manufactured fiber, and used for bridal gowns and eveningwear.

Broadcloth=A plain weave tightly woven fabric, characterized by a slight ridge effect in one direction, usually the filling.

The fabric has a very soft hand, brushed on both sides to lift the fiber ends out of the base fabric and create a soft, fuzzy surface.

Challis=A lightweight, soft plain weave fabric with a slightly brushed surface.

Flocking=A type of raised decoration applied to the surface of a fabric in which an adhesive is printed on the fabric in a specific pattern, and then finely chopped fibers are applied by means of dusting, air-brushing, or electrostatic charges.

Spot Weave=A woven construction in which patterns are built in at spaced intervals through the use of extra warp and/or extra fill yarns are placed in selected areas.

Burlap=A loosely constructed, heavy weight, plain weave fabric used as a carpet backing, and as inexpensive packaging for sacks of grain or rice.

A converter organizes and manages the process of finishing the fabric to a buyers' specifications, particularly the bleaching, dyeing, printing, etc.

Embroidery may be done either by hand or machine.

Camel's Hair=A natural fiber obtained from the hair of the Bactrian camel, a two-humped pack-carrying species.

BarrZs can be caused by tension variations in the knitting process, poor quality yarns, problems during the finishing process.

Moisture Transport=The movement of water from one side of a fabric to the other, caused by capillary action, wicking, chemical or electrostatic action.

Carding=A process which eliminates fibers too short for inclusion in the spun yarn.

Burlap=A loosely constructed, heavy weight, plain weave fabric used as a carpet backing, and as inexpensive packaging for sacks of grain or rice.

Cashmere=A luxury fiber obtained from the soft fleecy undergrowth of the Kashmir goat of Tibet, Mongolia, China, Iran, Iraq, and India.

Mercerization=A process of treating a cotton yarn or fabric, in which the fabric or yarn is immersed in a caustic soda solution and later neutralized in acid.

Cellulose=A material derived from the cell walls of certain plants.

Acetate=A manufactured fiber formed by compound of cellulose, refined from cotton linters and/or wood pulp, and acedic acid that has been extruded through a spinneret and then hardened.

However, burn-out effects can also be created on velvets made of blended fibers, in which the ground fabric is of one fiber like a polyester, and the pile may be of a cellulosic fiber like rayon or acetate.

Twist is generally expressed as turns per inch (tpi), turns per meter (tpm), or turns per centimeter (tpc).

Sisal=A strong bast fiber that originates from the leaves of the Agave plant, which is found in the West Indies, Central America, and Africa.

Challis=A lightweight, soft plain weave fabric with a slightly brushed surface.

Chambray=A plain woven fabric that can be made from cotton, silk, or manufactured fibers, but is most commonly cotton.

Nonwoven Fabric=Fabrics made directly from individual fibers that are matted together by forming an interlocking web of fibers either mechanically (tangling together) or chemically (gluing, bonding, or melting together).

Cashmere=A luxury fiber obtained from the soft fleecy undergrowth of the Kashmir goat of Tibet, Mongolia, China, Iran, Iraq, and India.

Flocking=A type of raised decoration applied to the surface of a fabric in which an adhesive is printed on the fabric in a specific pattern, and then finely chopped fibers are applied by means of dusting, air-brushing, or electrostatic charges.

Flocking=A type of raised decoration applied to the surface of a fabric in which an adhesive is printed on the fabric in a specific pattern, and then finely chopped fibers are applied by means of dusting, air-brushing, or electrostatic charges.

Jersey fabrics may be produced on either circular or flat weft knitting machines.

Geotextiles=Manufactured fiber materials made into a variety of fabric constructions, and used in a variety civil engineering applications.

The yarn twist brings the fibers close together and makes them compact.

Examples of basket weave construction includes monk cloth and oxford cloth.

Since the fabric has a high strength and a high durability, it is often used for upholstery and work clothes.

Since the fabric has a high strength and a high durability, it is often used for upholstery and work clothes.

Osnaburg=A tough medium to heavyweight coarsely woven plain weave fabric, usually made of a cotton or cotton/poly blend.

The fiber is most commonly used in fabrics made into dresses, suits, coats, and sweaters.

The fiber is formed from a flat ribbon of metal, coated with a protective layer of plastic, which reduces tarnishing.

This construction is used in the formation of imitation fur fabrics, in special liners for cold weather apparel such as jackets and coats, and in some floor coverings.

Its major properties include a soft, wool-like hand, machine washable and dryable, excellent color retention.

Fibers and yarns colored in this manner are color-fast to most destructive agents.

It incorporates a colored warp (often blue) and white filling yarns.

Donegal Tweed=A medium to heavy of plain or twill weave fabric in which colorful yarn slubs are woven into the fabric.

(Sulfuric acid, mixed into a colorless print paste, is the most common chemical used.)

Combing=The combing process is an additional step beyond carding.

Lawn=A light, fine cloth made using carded or combed, linen or cotton yarns.

Combing=The combing process is an additional step beyond carding.

Fiberfill=Specially engineered manufactured fibers, which are used as filler material in pillows, mattresses, mattress pads, sleeping bags, comforters, quilts, and outerwear.

The fiber is most commonly used in fabrics made into dresses, suits, coats, and sweaters.

Dobbies may be of any weight or compactness, with yarns ranging from very fine to coarse and fluffy.

Selvage=The thin compressed edge of a woven fabric which runs parallel to the warp yarns and prevents raveling.

Converter=A person or a company which buys grey goods and sells them as finished fabrics.

In this process, the wood pulp or cotton liners are dissolved in an ammoniac copper oxide solution.

Bedford Cord=A cord cotton-like fabric with raised ridges in the lengthwise direction.

Used primarily in twines and cordages, and most recently apparel.

Moiré=A corded fabric, usually made from silk or one of the manufactured fibers, which has a distinctive water-marked wavy pattern on the face of the fabric.

Piqué=A medium-weight fabric, either knit or woven, with raised dobby designs including cords, wales, waffles, or patterns.

Cotton=A unicellular, natural fiber that grows in the seed pod of the cotton plant.

Crinoline=A lightweight, plain weave, stiffened fabric with a low yarn count (few yarns to the inch in each direction).

Lining=A fabric that is used to cover the inside of a garment to provide a finished look.

Lower grades of the unfinished fabric are used for such industrial purposes as bags, sacks, pipe coverings.

The fabric has a crease-resistant, crisp finish.

Knit-de-knit=A type of yarn texturizing in which a crimped yarn is made by knitting the yarn into a fabric, and then heat-setting the fabric.

The yarn is then unraveled from the fabric and used in this permanently crinkled form.

Crinoline=A lightweight, plain weave, stiffened fabric with a low yarn count (few yarns to the inch in each direction).

Terms like softness, crispness, dryness, silkiness are all terms that describe the hand of the fabric.

Crocking=The rubbing-off of dye from a fabric.

Barré=An imperfection, characterized by a ridge or mark running in the crosswise or lengthwise directions of the fabric.

Boucle=A knit or woven fabric made from a rough, curly, knotted boucle yarn.

End-uses for this fabric include blouses, dresses, baby clothes, and curtains.

Corduroy=A fabric, usually made of cotton, utilizing a cut-pile weave construction.

Usually the staple fiber is cut in lengths ranging from 1-1/2 inches to 8 inches long.

Eyelet=A type of fabric which contains patterned cut-outs, around which stitching or embroidery may be applied in order to prevent the fabric from raveling.

The loops may be left uncut, or they may be cut to expose yarn ends and produce cut pile fabric.

Denier=A system of measuring the weight of a continuous filament fiber.

Tapestry=A heavy, often hand-woven, ribbed fabric, featuring an elaborate design depicting a historical or current pictorial display.

Nylon=Produced in 1938, the first completely synthetic fiber developed.

Microfibers=The name given to ultra-fine manufactured fibers and the name given to the technology of developing these fibers.

It has poor dimensional stability and tends to snag.

In this process, the wood pulp or cotton liners are dissolved in an ammoniac copper oxide solution.

Doeskin=Generally applied to a type of fabric finish in which a low nap is brushed in one direction to create a soft suede-like hand on the fabric surface.

Dotted Swiss=A lightweight, sheer cotton or cotton blend fabric with a small dot flock-like pattern either printed on the surface of the fabric, or woven into the fabric.

Dotted Swiss=A lightweight, sheer cotton or cotton blend fabric with a small dot flock-like pattern either printed on the surface of the fabric, or woven into the fabric.

Double Cloth=A fabric construction, in which two fabrics are woven on the loom at the same time, one on top of the other.

Double Knit=A weft knit fabric in which two layers of loops are formed that cannot be separated.

Common end-uses include such formal applications as upholstery, draperies, and eveningwear.

The fiber is most commonly used in fabrics made into dresses, suits, coats, and sweaters.

Hydrophilic Fibers=Fibers that absorb water easily, take longer to dry, and require more ironing.

Terms like softness, crispness, dryness, silkiness are all terms that describe the hand of the fabric.

Durable Press=A treatment applied to the fabric in the finishing process in which it maintains a smooth attractive appearance, resists wrinkling, and retains creases or pleats during laundering.

Polyester filament is often wrapped with a cotton outer layer in order to provide the strength and resiliency of polyester, along with the moisture-absorbent aesthetics and dye affinity of cotton.

A converter organizes and manages the process of finishing the fabric to a buyers' specifications, particularly the bleaching, dyeing, printing, etc.

Crinoline=A lightweight, plain weave, stiffened fabric with a low yarn count (few yarns to the inch in each direction).

The floating yarns are made with low twist and may be of either high or low luster.

Flocking=A type of raised decoration applied to the surface of a fabric in which an adhesive is printed on the fabric in a specific pattern, and then finely chopped fibers are applied by means of dusting, air-brushing, or electrostatic charges.

Flocking=A type of raised decoration applied to the surface of a fabric in which an adhesive is printed on the fabric in a specific pattern, and then finely chopped fibers are applied by means of dusting, air-brushing, or electrostatic charges.

The fabric is then over-printed with a simulated embroidery stitch to create the eyelet effect.

End-uses include blouses and dresses.

Embossing=A calendering process in which fabrics are engraved with the use of heated rollers under pressure to produce a raised design on the fabric surface.

Colorfastness=A term used to describe a dyed fabric's ability to resist fading due to washing, exposure to sunlight, and other environmental conditions.

The fabric, used mainly in evening dresses and scarves, can also be made from rayon and other manufactured fibers.

The fabric, used mainly in evening dresses and scarves, can also be made from rayon and other manufactured fibers.

Common end-uses include such formal applications as upholstery, draperies, and eveningwear.

Extra sets of filling yarns are woven into the fabric to form ridges of yarn on the surface.

Solution-dyed=A type of fiber dyeing in which colored pigments are injected into the spinning solution prior to the extrusion of the fiber through the spinneret.

Face=The right side or the better-looking side of the fabric.

Colorfastness=A term used to describe a dyed fabric's ability to resist fading due to washing, exposure to sunlight, and other environmental conditions.

Faille=A glossy, soft, finely-ribbed silk-like woven fabric made from cotton, silk, or manufactured fibers.

However, according to the U.S. Federal Trade Commission, any apparel containing Angora rabbit hair must be labeled as "Angora rabbit hair" on the garment.

Basket Weave=A variation of the plain weave construction, formed by treating two or more warp yarns and/or two or more filling yarns as one unit in the weaving process.

Fiberfill=Specially engineered manufactured fibers, which are used as filler material in pillows, mattresses, mattress pads, sleeping bags, comforters, quilts, and outerwear.

Basket Weave=A variation of the plain weave construction, formed by treating two or more warp yarns and/or two or more filling yarns as one unit in the weaving process.

Findings=Any extra items attached to a garment during the manufacturing process.

Dobbies may be of any weight or compactness, with yarns ranging from very fine to coarse and fluffy.

Faille=A glossy, soft, finely-ribbed silk-like woven fabric made from cotton, silk, or manufactured fibers.

In this process the fibers are arranged in a highly parallel form, and additional short fibers are removed, producing high quality yarns with excellent strength, fineness, and uniformity.

The lower the number, the finer the fiber; the higher the number, the heavier the fiber.

Converter=A person or a company which buys grey goods and sells them as finished fabrics.

BarrZs can be caused by tension variations in the knitting process, poor quality yarns, problems during the finishing process.

Flame Retardant=A chemical applied to a fabric, or incorporated into the fiber at the time of production, which significantly reduces a fabric's flammability.

Flannelette=A medium-weight, plain weave fabric with a soft hand, usually made from cotton.

Panné Velvet=A type of lustrous, lightweight velvet fabric, usually made of silk or a manufactured fiber, in which the pile has been flattened in one direction.

Panné Velvet=A type of lustrous, lightweight velvet fabric, usually made of silk or a manufactured fiber, in which the pile has been flattened in one direction.

Bast Fiber=Strong, soft, woody fibers, such as flax, jute, hemp, and ramie, which are obtained from the inner bark in the stems of certain plants.

Cashmere=A luxury fiber obtained from the soft fleecy undergrowth of the Kashmir goat of Tibet, Mongolia, China, Iran, Iraq, and India.

The floating yarns are made with low twist and may be of either high or low luster.

This construction is used in the formation of imitation fur fabrics, in special liners for cold weather apparel such as jackets and coats, and in some floor coverings.

Acetate=A manufactured fiber formed by compound of cellulose, refined from cotton linters and/or wood pulp, and acedic acid that has been extruded through a spinneret and then hardened.

Acetate=A manufactured fiber formed by compound of cellulose, refined from cotton linters and/or wood pulp, and acedic acid that has been extruded through a spinneret and then hardened.

Foulard=A lightweight twill-weave fabric, made from filament yarns like silk, acetate, polyester, with a small all-over print pattern on a solid background.

However, some heavyweight dobby fabrics are available for home furnishings and for heavy apparel.

End-uses include activewear apparel, rope, indoor-outdoor carpets, lawn furniture, and upholstery.

Some interfacings are designed to be fused (adhered with heat from an iron), while others are meant to be stitched to the fashion fabric.

The fabric has a very soft hand, brushed on both sides to lift the fiber ends out of the base fabric and create a soft, fuzzy surface.

Gabardine=A tightly woven, twilled, worsted fabric with a slight diagonal line on the right side.

Georgette=A sheer lightweight fabric, often made of silk or from such manufactured fibers as polyester, with a crepe surface.

In the United States, this measurement is used to number all manufactured fibers (both filament and staple), and silk, but excluding glass fiber.

In the United States, this measurement is used to number all manufactured fibers (both filament and staple), and silk, but excluding glass fiber.

Chintz=A plain-weave fabric, which has been glazed to produce a polished look.

Angora=The hair of the Angora goat.

Converter=A person or a company which buys grey goods and sells them as finished fabrics.

Converter=A person or a company which buys grey goods and sells them as finished fabrics.

This device individually controls needles or small groups of needles, and allows very complex and highly patterned knits to be created.

Rib Weave=One of the plain weave variations, which is formed by using: 1) heavy yarns in the warp or filling direction, or 2) a substantially higher number of yarns per inch in one direction than in the other, or 3) several yarns grouped together as one.

Jute=A bast fiber, chiefly from India, used primarily for gunny sacks, bags, cordage, and binding threads in carpets and rugs.

Jute=A bast fiber, chiefly from India, used primarily for gunny sacks, bags, cordage, and binding threads in carpets and rugs.

Alpaca=A natural hair fiber obtained from the Alpaca sheep, a domesticated member of the llama family.

Its major properties include a soft, wool-like hand, machine washable and dryable, excellent color retention.

Acetate=A manufactured fiber formed by compound of cellulose, refined from cotton linters and/or wood pulp, and acedic acid that has been extruded through a spinneret and then hardened.

Embossing=A calendering process in which fabrics are engraved with the use of heated rollers under pressure to produce a raised design on the fabric surface.

Brocade=A heavy, exquisite jacquard type fabric with an all-over raised pattern or floral design.

However, some heavyweight dobby fabrics are available for home furnishings and for heavy apparel.

In the weaving process, the two layers of woven fabric are held together using binder threads.

Bast Fiber=Strong, soft, woody fibers, such as flax, jute, hemp, and ramie, which are obtained from the inner bark in the stems of certain plants.

Since the fabric has a high strength and a high durability, it is often used for upholstery and work clothes.

In this process the fibers are arranged in a highly parallel form, and additional short fibers are removed, producing high quality yarns with excellent strength, fineness, and uniformity.

Triacetate is less absorbent and less sensitive to high temperatures than acetate.

The lower the number, the finer the fiber; the higher the number, the heavier the fiber.

Chiffon=A plain woven lightweight, extremely sheer, airy, and soft silk fabric, containing highly twisted filament yarns.

In the weaving process, the two layers of woven fabric are held together using binder threads.

In these instances, the chemical destroys the fiber and creates a hole in the fabric in a specific design, where the chemical comes in contact with the fabric.

This can include trims, buttons, hooks, snaps, or embellishments.

Houndstooth Check=A variation on the twill weave construction in which a broken check effect is produced by a variation in the pattern of interlacing yarns, utilizing at least two different colored yarns.

Lightweight sweaters in rib knits provide a close, body-hugging fit.

Lightweight sweaters in rib knits provide a close, body-hugging fit.

Camel's Hair=A natural fiber obtained from the hair of the Bactrian camel, a two-humped pack-carrying species.

Camel's Hair=A natural fiber obtained from the hair of the Bactrian camel, a two-humped pack-carrying species.

Hydrophilic Fibers=Fibers that absorb water easily, take longer to dry, and require more ironing.

Hydrophobic Fiber=Fibers that lack the ability to absorb water.

However, it has also been successfully used in blends with wool for the purpose of minimizing shrinkage and improving the shape retention in garments.

Crocking can be the result of lack of penetration of the dyeing agent, the use of incorrect dyes or dyeing procedures, or the lack of proper washing procedures and finishing treatments after the dyeing process.

The process causes a permanent swelling of the fiber, resulting in an increased luster on the surface of the fabric, an increased affinity for dyes, and increased strength.

Cashmere=A luxury fiber obtained from the soft fleecy undergrowth of the Kashmir goat of Tibet, Mongolia, China, Iran, Iraq, and India.

Sisal=A strong bast fiber that originates from the leaves of the Agave plant, which is found in the West Indies, Central America, and Africa.

This device individually controls needles or small groups of needles, and allows very complex and highly patterned knits to be created.

End-uses include activewear apparel, rope, indoor-outdoor carpets, lawn furniture, and upholstery.

Raschel warp knits contain inlaid connecting yarns in addition to columns of knit stitches.

Raschel warp knits contain inlaid connecting yarns in addition to columns of knit stitches.

Bast Fiber=Strong, soft, woody fibers, such as flax, jute, hemp, and ramie, which are obtained from the inner bark in the stems of certain plants.

Glass Fiber=An inorganic fiber which is very strong, but has poor flexibility and poor abrasion resistance.

Novelty Yarn=A yarn that is intentionally produced to have a special or unique effect.

In this weave, two or more warp yarns are twisted around each other as they are interlaced with the filling yarns; thus securing a firm hold on the filling yarn and preventing them from slipping out of position.

Double Weave=A woven fabric construction made by interlacing two or more sets of warp yarns with two or more sets of filling yarns.

Nonwoven Fabric=Fabrics made directly from individual fibers that are matted together by forming an interlocking web of fibers either mechanically (tangling together) or chemically (gluing, bonding, or melting together).

Warp=In woven fabric, the yarns that run lengthwise and is interwoven with the fill (weft) yarns.

Hydrophilic Fibers=Fibers that absorb water easily, take longer to dry, and require more ironing.

These effects can be produced by twisting together uneven single yarns, by using yarns that contain irregularities, or by twisting yarns that contain a color variance.

The interlining is used primarily to provide warmth in coats, jackets, and outerwear.

Jacquard=Woven fabrics manufactured by using the Jacquard attachment on the loom.

Brocade=A heavy, exquisite jacquard type fabric with an all-over raised pattern or floral design.

Jersey Fabric=The consistent interlooping of yarns in the jersey stitch to produces a fabric with a smooth, flat face, and a more textured, but uniform back.

Jute=A bast fiber, chiefly from India, used primarily for gunny sacks, bags, cordage, and binding threads in carpets and rugs.

Kapok=A short, lightweight, cotton-like, vegetable fiber found in the seed pods of the Bombocaceae tree.

Cashmere=A luxury fiber obtained from the soft fleecy undergrowth of the Kashmir goat of Tibet, Mongolia, China, Iran, Iraq, and India.

Cashmere=A luxury fiber obtained from the soft fleecy undergrowth of the Kashmir goat of Tibet, Mongolia, China, Iran, Iraq, and India.

While any basic knit stitch may be used for the base of pile knits, the most common is the jersey stitch.

Often placed between the lining and the outer fabric., it can be made from yarns or directly from fibers, and may be either woven, nonwoven, or knitted.

BarrZs can be caused by tension variations in the knitting process, poor quality yarns, problems during the finishing process.

It can mean the number of needles per inch in a knitting machine.

Boucle=A knit or woven fabric made from a rough, curly, knotted boucle yarn.

Also known as Angora mohair.

However, according to the U.S. Federal Trade Commission, any apparel containing Angora rabbit hair must be labeled as "Angora rabbit hair" on the garment.

Lamb's Wool=The first clip of wool sheered from lambs up to eight months old.

Lamb's Wool=The first clip of wool sheered from lambs up to eight months old.

Durable Press=A treatment applied to the fabric in the finishing process in which it maintains a smooth attractive appearance, resists wrinkling, and retains creases or pleats during laundering.

Lawn=A light, fine cloth made using carded or combed, linen or cotton yarns.

End-uses include activewear apparel, rope, indoor-outdoor carpets, lawn furniture, and upholstery.

Yarns in a basket weave are laid into the woven construction flat, and maintain a parallel relationship.

Barré=An imperfection, characterized by a ridge or mark running in the crosswise or lengthwise directions of the fabric.

However, its buoyancy and moisture resistance makes it ideal for use in cushions, mattresses, and life jackets.

The fabric is usually brushed only on one side, and is lighter weight than flannel.

Its major properties include a soft, wool-like hand, machine washable and dryable, excellent color retention.

In this process, the wood pulp or cotton liners are dissolved in an ammoniac copper oxide solution.

Common end-uses are infants' wear, blouses, and lingerie.

Interlining=An insulation, padding, or stiffening fabric, either sewn to the wrong side of the lining or the inner side of the outer shell fabric.

The longest staple fibers, longer than 1 1/2 inch, including the Pima and Egyptian varieties, produce the highest quality cotton fabrics.

The fabric has a looped, knotted surface and is often used in sportswear and coats.

Knit fabrics are held together by looping the yarns around each other.

Core-Spun Yarns=Consist of a filament base yarn, with an exterior wrapping of loose fiber which has not been twisted into a yarn.

Burlap=A loosely constructed, heavy weight, plain weave fabric used as a carpet backing, and as inexpensive packaging for sacks of grain or rice.

The floating yarns are made with low twist and may be of either high or low luster.

The lower the number, the finer the fiber; the higher the number, the heavier the fiber.

It can be hand or machine washed and tumble dried, with relatively good wrinkle recovery.

Tulle=A lightweight, extremely fine, machine-made netting, usually with a hexagon shaped mesh effect.

It can be hand or machine washed and tumble dried, with relatively good wrinkle recovery.

The fiber is most commonly used in fabrics made into dresses, suits, coats, and sweaters.

Madras=A lightweight plain weave cotton fabric with a striped, plaid, or checked pattern.

A true madras will bleed when washed.

The fabric, used mainly in evening dresses and scarves, can also be made from rayon and other manufactured fibers.

The fiber is most commonly used in fabrics made into dresses, suits, coats, and sweaters.

The yarns are interlaced in such a manner that there is no definite, visible pattern of interlacing and, in this manner, a smooth and somewhat shiny surface effect is achieved.

Acetate=A manufactured fiber formed by compound of cellulose, refined from cotton linters and/or wood pulp, and acedic acid that has been extruded through a spinneret and then hardened.

Findings=Any extra items attached to a garment during the manufacturing process.

Nonwoven Fabric=Fabrics made directly from individual fibers that are matted together by forming an interlocking web of fibers either mechanically (tangling together) or chemically (gluing, bonding, or melting together).

Fiberfill=Specially engineered manufactured fibers, which are used as filler material in pillows, mattresses, mattress pads, sleeping bags, comforters, quilts, and outerwear.

Fiberfill=Specially engineered manufactured fibers, which are used as filler material in pillows, mattresses, mattress pads, sleeping bags, comforters, quilts, and outerwear.

Denier=A system of measuring the weight of a continuous filament fiber.

Nonwoven Fabric=Fabrics made directly from individual fibers that are matted together by forming an interlocking web of fibers either mechanically (tangling together) or chemically (gluing, bonding, or melting together).

Nytril=A manufactured fiber, most often used in sweaters or pile fabrics, where little or no pressing is recommended, as the fiber has a low softening or melting point.

Merino=A type of wool that originates from pure-bred Merino sheep.

Merino=A type of wool that originates from pure-bred Merino sheep.

Metallic Fiber=An inorganic fiber made from minerals and metals, blended and extruded to form fibers.

Also known as Angora mohair.

Calendering=A process for finishing fabrics in which such special effects as high luster, glazing, embossing, and moiré are produced.

Typical examples of satin weave fabrics include: slipper satin, crepe-back satin, faille satin, bridal satin, moleskin, and antique satin.

Cashmere=A luxury fiber obtained from the soft fleecy undergrowth of the Kashmir goat of Tibet, Mongolia, China, Iran, Iraq, and India.

Monk's Cloth=A heavy weight cotton fabric utilizing the basket weave variation of the plain weave.

Basket Weave=A variation of the plain weave construction, formed by treating two or more warp yarns and/or two or more filling yarns as one unit in the weaving process.

The fiber is most commonly used in fabrics made into dresses, suits, coats, and sweaters.

Nainsook=A lightweight plain weave cotton fabric, usually finished to create a luster and a soft hand.

Doeskin=Generally applied to a type of fabric finish in which a low nap is brushed in one direction to create a soft suede-like hand on the fabric surface.

The fabric is often used in napkins, tablecloths, draperies, and upholstery.

The fabric can be napped on either one or both sides.

Camel's Hair=A natural fiber obtained from the hair of the Bactrian camel, a two-humped pack-carrying species.

Mesh=A type of fabric characterized by its net-like open appearance, and the spaces between the yarns.

Raschel Knit=A warp knitted fabric in which the resulting knit fabric resembles hand crocheted fabrics, lace fabrics, and nettings.

Mercerization=A process of treating a cotton yarn or fabric, in which the fabric or yarn is immersed in a caustic soda solution and later neutralized in acid.

Tricot knits are frequently used in women's lingerie items such as slips, bras, panties, and nightgowns.

Ninon=A lightweight, plain weave, made of silk or manufactured fibers, with an open mesh-like appearance.

In the United States, this measurement is used to number all manufactured fibers (both filament and staple), and silk, but excluding glass fiber.

Numerically, a denier is the equivalent to the weight in grams of 9,000 meters of continuous filament fiber.

These include acrylic microfibers, nylon microfibers, polyester microfibers, and rayon microfibers.

Since the fabric has a high strength and a high durability, it is often used for upholstery and work clothes.

Olefin=(also known as polyolefin and polypropylene) A manufactured fiber characterized by its light weight, high strength, and abrasion resistance.

Basket Weave=A variation of the plain weave construction, formed by treating two or more warp yarns and/or two or more filling yarns as one unit in the weaving process.

Organdy=A stiffened, sheer, lightweight plain weave fabric, with a medium to high yarn count.

Absorbency is a very important property, which effects many other characteristics such as skin comfort, static build-up, shrinkage, stain removal, water repellency, and wrinkle recovery.

Ottoman=A tightly woven plain weave ribbed fabric with a hard slightly lustered surface.

End-uses include activewear apparel, rope, indoor-outdoor carpets, lawn furniture, and upholstery.

Polyester filament is often wrapped with a cotton outer layer in order to provide the strength and resiliency of polyester, along with the moisture-absorbent aesthetics and dye affinity of cotton.

Fiberfill=Specially engineered manufactured fibers, which are used as filler material in pillows, mattresses, mattress pads, sleeping bags, comforters, quilts, and outerwear.

Brocade=A heavy, exquisite jacquard type fabric with an all-over raised pattern or floral design.

Serging=An overcasting technique done on the cut edge of a fabric to prevent raveling.

Examples of basket weave construction includes monk cloth and oxford cloth.

In this process, the wood pulp or cotton liners are dissolved in an ammoniac copper oxide solution.

Burlap=A loosely constructed, heavy weight, plain weave fabric used as a carpet backing, and as inexpensive packaging for sacks of grain or rice.

Fiberfill=Specially engineered manufactured fibers, which are used as filler material in pillows, mattresses, mattress pads, sleeping bags, comforters, quilts, and outerwear.

Interlining=An insulation, padding, or stiffening fabric, either sewn to the wrong side of the lining or the inner side of the outer shell fabric.

End-uses include shirts and pajamas.

Tricot knits are frequently used in women's lingerie items such as slips, bras, panties, and nightgowns.

Tricot knits are frequently used in women's lingerie items such as slips, bras, panties, and nightgowns.

Waterproof=A term applied to fabrics whose pores have been closed, and therefore, will not allow water or air to pass through them.

(Sulfuric acid, mixed into a colorless print paste, is the most common chemical used.)

Eyelet=A type of fabric which contains patterned cut-outs, around which stitching or embroidery may be applied in order to prevent the fabric from raveling.

Crocking can be the result of lack of penetration of the dyeing agent, the use of incorrect dyes or dyeing procedures, or the lack of proper washing procedures and finishing treatments after the dyeing process.

Percale=A medium weight, plain weave, low to medium count (180 to 250 threads per square inch) cotton-like fabric.

The yarn is then unraveled from the fabric and used in this permanently crinkled form.

Tapestry=A heavy, often hand-woven, ribbed fabric, featuring an elaborate design depicting a historical or current pictorial display.

Pill=A tangled ball of fibers that appears on the surface of a fabric, as a result of wear or continued friction or rubbing on the surface of the fabric.

Fiberfill=Specially engineered manufactured fibers, which are used as filler material in pillows, mattresses, mattress pads, sleeping bags, comforters, quilts, and outerwear.

The longest staple fibers, longer than 1 1/2 inch, including the Pima and Egyptian varieties, produce the highest quality cotton fabrics.

Often placed between the lining and the outer fabric., it can be made from yarns or directly from fibers, and may be either woven, nonwoven, or knitted.

Gingham=A medium weight, plain weave fabric with a plaid or check pattern.

Basket Weave=A variation of the plain weave construction, formed by treating two or more warp yarns and/or two or more filling yarns as one unit in the weaving process.

Olefin=(also known as polyolefin and polypropylene) A manufactured fiber characterized by its light weight, high strength, and abrasion resistance.

Pongee=The most common form is a naturally colored lightweight, plain weave, silk-like fabric with a slubbed effect.

Burn-out=A brocade-like pattern effect created on the fabric through the application of a chemical, instead of color, during the burn-out printing process.

Burn-out=A brocade-like pattern effect created on the fabric through the application of a chemical, instead of color, during the burn-out printing process.

Burn-out=A brocade-like pattern effect created on the fabric through the application of a chemical, instead of color, during the burn-out printing process.

Acetate=A manufactured fiber formed by compound of cellulose, refined from cotton linters and/or wood pulp, and acedic acid that has been extruded through a spinneret and then hardened.

Purl Stitch=A basic stitch used in weft knitting, which produces knit fabrics that have the same appearance on both sides.

Purl Stitch=A basic stitch used in weft knitting, which produces knit fabrics that have the same appearance on both sides.

Quilting=A fabric construction in which a layer of down or fiberfill is placed between two layers of fabric, and then held in place by stitching or sealing in a regular, consistent, all-over pattern on the goods.

Angora may also apply to the fur of the Angora rabbit.

Bedford Cord=A cord cotton-like fabric with raised ridges in the lengthwise direction.

Bast Fiber=Strong, soft, woody fibers, such as flax, jute, hemp, and ramie, which are obtained from the inner bark in the stems of certain plants.

Eyelet=A type of fabric which contains patterned cut-outs, around which stitching or embroidery may be applied in order to prevent the fabric from raveling.

Cellulose is used in the production of many vegetable fibers, as well as being the major raw material component used in the production of the manufactured fibers of acetate, rayon, and triacetate.

However, burn-out effects can also be created on velvets made of blended fibers, in which the ground fabric is of one fiber like a polyester, and the pile may be of a cellulosic fiber like rayon or acetate.

Moisture Regain=The amount of water a completely dry fiber will absorb from the air at a standard condition of 70 degrees F and a relative humidity of 65%.

Flame Retardant=A chemical applied to a fabric, or incorporated into the fiber at the time of production, which significantly reduces a fabric's flammability.

Herringbone=A variation on the twill weave construction in which the twill is reversed, or broken, at regular intervals, producing a zig-zag effect.

Faille=A glossy, soft, finely-ribbed silk-like woven fabric made from cotton, silk, or manufactured fibers.

Faille=A glossy, soft, finely-ribbed silk-like woven fabric made from cotton, silk, or manufactured fibers.

The fiber is formed from a flat ribbon of metal, coated with a protective layer of plastic, which reduces tarnishing.

Rib Knit=A basic stitch used in weft knitting in which the knitting machines require two sets of needles operating at right angles to each other.

Typical uses include towels, robes, and apparel.

Embossing=A calendering process in which fabrics are engraved with the use of heated rollers under pressure to produce a raised design on the fabric surface.

End-uses include activewear apparel, rope, indoor-outdoor carpets, lawn furniture, and upholstery.

Crocking=The rubbing-off of dye from a fabric.

Crocking=The rubbing-off of dye from a fabric.

Crocking=The rubbing-off of dye from a fabric.

Jute=A bast fiber, chiefly from India, used primarily for gunny sacks, bags, cordage, and binding threads in carpets and rugs.

Barré=An imperfection, characterized by a ridge or mark running in the crosswise or lengthwise directions of the fabric.

Some knits have their yarns running along the length of the fabric, while others have their yarns running across the width of the fabric.

Some knits have their yarns running along the length of the fabric, while others have their yarns running across the width of the fabric.

Barré=An imperfection, characterized by a ridge or mark running in the crosswise or lengthwise directions of the fabric.

Sailcloth=Any heavy, plain-weave canvas fabric, usually made of cotton, linen, polyester, jute, nylon, etc. that is used for sails and apparel (i.e. bottomweight sportswear).

Saran Fiber=A manufactured fiber which has an excellent resistance to sunlight and weathering, and is used in lawn furniture, upholstery, and carpets.

Sateen Fabric=A fabric made from yarns with low luster, such as cotton or other staple length fibers.

Sateen Weave=A variation of the satin weave, produced by floating fill yarns over warp yarns.

Quilting=A fabric construction in which a layer of down or fiberfill is placed between two layers of fabric, and then held in place by stitching or sealing in a regular, consistent, all-over pattern on the goods.

Quilting=A fabric construction in which a layer of down or fiberfill is placed between two layers of fabric, and then held in place by stitching or sealing in a regular, consistent, all-over pattern on the goods.

Filling=In a woven fabric, the yarns that run cross the fabric from selvage to selvage, and which run perpendicular to the warp or lengthwise yarns.

Selvedge=The thin compressed edge of a woven fabric which runs parallel to the warp yarns and prevents raveling.

Serge=fabric with a smooth hand that is created by a two-up, two-down twill weave.

Extra sets of filling yarns are woven into the fabric to form ridges of yarn on the surface.

Sewing thread as well as household and apparel fabrics are made from these yarns.

Sewing thread as well as household and apparel fabrics are made from these yarns.

Embroidery=An embellishment of a fabric or garment in which colored threads are sewn on to the fabric to create a design.

Examples of this construction include broadcloth, poplin, taffeta, faille, shantung, and cord fabric.

Paisley=A tear-drop shaped, fancy printed pattern, used in dresses, blouses, and men's ties.

Sharkskin=A hard-finished, low lustered, medium-weight fabric in a twill-weave construction.

Alpaca=A natural hair fiber obtained from the Alpaca sheep, a domesticated member of the llama family.

Muslin=An inexpensive, medium weight, plain weave, low count (less than 160 threads per square inch) cotton sheeting fabric.

End-uses include shirts and pajamas.

The fabric is used primarily in shirtings.

Carding=A process which eliminates fibers too short for inclusion in the spun yarn.

If the crepe effect is the right side of the fabric, the fabric is called satin-back crepe.

Flame Retardant=A chemical applied to a fabric, or incorporated into the fiber at the time of production, which significantly reduces a fabric's flammability.

Terms like softness, crispness, dryness, silkiness are all terms that describe the hand of the fabric.

Silk=A natural filament fiber produced by the silkworm in the construction of its cocoon.

Plain (double knit) interlock stitch fabrics are thicker, heavier, and more stable than single knit constructions.

Monofilaments are usually spun singularly, rather than extruded as a group of filaments through a spinneret and spun into a yarn.

Sisal=A strong bast fiber that originates from the leaves of the Agave plant, which is found in the West Indies, Central America, and Africa.

The fabric is usually made of cotton, and is widely used in men's and women's slacks, and children's playclothes.

Fiberfill=Specially engineered manufactured fibers, which are used as filler material in pillows, mattresses, mattress pads, sleeping bags, comforters, quilts, and outerwear.

Fiberfill=Specially engineered manufactured fibers, which are used as filler material in pillows, mattresses, mattress pads, sleeping bags, comforters, quilts, and outerwear.

Challis=A lightweight, soft plain weave fabric with a slightly brushed surface.

In this weave, two or more warp yarns are twisted around each other as they are interlaced with the filling yarns; thus securing a firm hold on the filling yarn and preventing them from slipping out of position.

Usually made of cotton, this fabric is most commonly used in blouses, dresses, draperies, and slipcovers.

Leno weave fabrics are frequently used for window treatments, because their structure gives good durability with almost no yarn slippage, and permits the passage of light and air.

Typical examples of satin weave fabrics include: slipper satin, crepe-back satin, faille satin, bridal satin, moleskin, and antique satin.

The wool is soft, slippery and resilient.

In this weave, two or more warp yarns are twisted around each other as they are interlaced with the filling yarns; thus securing a firm hold on the filling yarn and preventing them from slipping out of position.

Donegal Tweed=A medium to heavy of plain or twill weave fabric in which colorful yarn slubs are woven into the fabric.

A slubbed yarn is an example of a novelty yarn.

Calico=A tightly-woven cotton type fabric with an all-over print, usually a small floral pattern on a contrasting background color.

Mercerization=A process of treating a cotton yarn or fabric, in which the fabric or yarn is immersed in a caustic soda solution and later neutralized in acid.

Its major properties include a soft, wool-like hand, machine washable and dryable, excellent color retention.

Nytril=A manufactured fiber, most often used in sweaters or pile fabrics, where little or no pressing is recommended, as the fiber has a low softening or melting point.

Terms like softness, crispness, dryness, silkiness are all terms that describe the hand of the fabric.

Spot Weave=A woven construction in which patterns are built in at spaced intervals through the use of extra warp and/or extra fill yarns are placed in selected areas.

Spandex Fiber=A manufactured elastomeric fiber that can be repeatedly stretched over 500% without breaking, and will still recover to its original length.

Calendering=A process for finishing fabrics in which such special effects as high luster, glazing, embossing, and moiré are produced.

Modacrylics have a higher resistance to chemicals and combustion than acrylic, but also have a lower safe ironing temperature and a higher specific gravity than acrylic.

In blended yarns, two or more different types of staple fibers are twisted or spun together to form the yarn.

Solution-dyed=A type of fiber dyeing in which colored pigments are injected into the spinning solution prior to the extrusion of the fiber through the spinneret.

The fabric has a looped, knotted surface and is often used in sportswear and coats.

Carding=A process which eliminates fibers too short for inclusion in the spun yarn.

Muslin=An inexpensive, medium weight, plain weave, low count (less than 160 threads per square inch) cotton sheeting fabric.

Repellency=The ability of a fabric to resist such things as wetting and staining by water, stains, soil, etc.

In blended yarns, two or more different types of staple fibers are twisted or spun together to form the yarn.

Interlining=An insulation, padding, or stiffening fabric, either sewn to the wrong side of the lining or the inner side of the outer shell fabric.

Some interfacings are designed to be fused (adhered with heat from an iron), while others are meant to be stitched to the fashion fabric.

Eyelet=A type of fabric which contains patterned cut-outs, around which stitching or embroidery may be applied in order to prevent the fabric from raveling.

The jersey stitch is also called the plain, felt, or stockinet stitch.

Madras=A lightweight plain weave cotton fabric with a striped, plaid, or checked pattern.

Madras=A lightweight plain weave cotton fabric with a striped, plaid, or checked pattern.

Absorbency is a very important property, which effects many other characteristics such as skin comfort, static build-up, shrinkage, stain removal, water repellency, and wrinkle recovery.

Wool gabardine is known as a year-round fabric for business suiting.

(Sulfuric acid, mixed into a colorless print paste, is the most common chemical used.)

(Sulfuric acid, mixed into a colorless print paste, is the most common chemical used.)

Solution-dyed versions have excellent resistance to sunlight and chlorine degradation.

End-uses include curtains, apparel, trimmings, and surgical dressings.

The fiber is most commonly used in fabrics made into dresses, suits, coats, and sweaters.

The process causes a permanent swelling of the fiber, resulting in an increased luster on the surface of the fabric, an increased affinity for dyes, and increased strength.

Dotted Swiss=A lightweight, sheer cotton or cotton blend fabric with a small dot flock-like pattern either printed on the surface of the fabric, or woven into the fabric.

Nylon=Produced in 1938, the first completely synthetic fiber developed.

The fabric is often used in napkins, tablecloths, draperies, and upholstery.

A common end use is men's tailored suits.

Terry Cloth=A typical uncut pile weave fabric.

Terry Cloth=A typical uncut pile weave fabric.

Jersey Fabric=The consistent interlooping of yarns in the jersey stitch to produces a fabric with a smooth, flat face, and a more textured, but uniform back.

In the weaving process, the two layers of woven fabric are held together using binder threads.

Cashmere=A luxury fiber obtained from the soft fleecy undergrowth of the Kashmir goat of Tibet, Mongolia, China, Iran, Iraq, and India.

Higher grades of finished osnaburg can be found in mattress ticking, slipcovers, workwear, and apparel.

Broadcloth=A plain weave tightly woven fabric, characterized by a slight ridge effect in one direction, usually the filling.

Comparatively, microfibers are two times finer than silk, three times finer than cotton, eight times finer than wool, and one hundred times finer than a human hair.

In blended yarns, two or more different types of staple fibers are twisted or spun together to form the yarn.

Linen is used in apparel, accessories, draperies, upholstery, tablecloths, and towels.

Seersucker is traditionally made into summer sportswear such as shirts, trousers, and informal suits.

Cellulose is used in the production of many vegetable fibers, as well as being the major raw material component used in the production of the manufactured fibers of acetate, rayon, and triacetate.

Tricot Knit=A warp knit fabric in which the fabric is formed by interlooping adjacent parallel yarns.

End-uses include curtains, apparel, trimmings, and surgical dressings.

End-uses include curtains, apparel, trimmings, and surgical dressings.

Poplin used to be associated with casual clothing, but as the "world of work" has become more relaxed, this fabric has developed into a staple of men's wardrobes, being used frequently in casual trousers.

Most silk is collected from cultivated worms; Tussah silk, or wild silk, is a thicker, shorter fiber produced by worms in their natural habitat.

Denim=True denim is a twill weave cotton-like fabric made with different colored yarns in the warp and the weft.

Gabardine=A tightly woven, twilled, worsted fabric with a slight diagonal line on the right side.

In this weave, two or more warp yarns are twisted around each other as they are interlaced with the filling yarns; thus securing a firm hold on the filling yarn and preventing them from slipping out of position.

In blended yarns, two or more different types of staple fibers are twisted or spun together to form the yarn.

These effects can be produced by twisting together uneven single yarns, by using yarns that contain irregularities, or by twisting yarns that contain a color variance.

Basket Weave=A variation of the plain weave construction, formed by treating two or more warp yarns and/or two or more filling yarns as one unit in the weaving process.

Comparatively, microfibers are two times finer than silk, three times finer than cotton, eight times finer than wool, and one hundred times finer than a human hair.

Camel's Hair=A natural fiber obtained from the hair of the Bactrian camel, a two-humped pack-carrying species.

In blended yarns, two or more different types of staple fibers are twisted or spun together to form the yarn.

Fibers are typically 1/2 inch to 2 inches long.

Both balanced and unbalanced basket weave fabrics can be produced.

The loops may be left uncut, or they may be cut to expose yarn ends and produce cut pile fabric.

Greige Goods=An unfinished fabric, just removed from a knitting machine or a loom.

In this case, when the chemical is printed in a certain pattern, it destroys the pile in those areas where the chemical comes in contact with the fabric, but leave the ground fabric unharmed.

End-uses include blouses and dresses.

The fiber is most commonly used in fabrics made into dresses, suits, coats, and sweaters.

Colorfastness=A term used to describe a dyed fabric's ability to resist fading due to washing, exposure to sunlight, and other environmental conditions.

Many simulated eyelet effects can be created using this method.

Batiste=A medium-weight, plain weave fabric, usually made of cotton or cotton blends.

Terry velour is valued for its soft, luxurious hand.

Cellulose is used in the production of many vegetable fibers, as well as being the major raw material component used in the production of the manufactured fibers of acetate, rayon, and triacetate.

Rayon=A manufactured fiber composed of regenerated cellulose, derived from wood pulp, cotton linters, or other vegetable matter.

Velveteen=A cotton cut-pile weave fabric, utilizing extra fill yarn construction, with either a twill or a plain weave back.

Absorbency is a very important property, which effects many other characteristics such as skin comfort, static build-up, shrinkage, stain removal, water repellency, and wrinkle recovery.

However, the term "wool" can also apply to all animal hair fibers, including the hair of the Cashmere or Angora goat or the specialty hair fibers of the camel, alpaca, llama, or vicuna.

The two most commonly used production methods for rayon are the cuprammonium process and the viscose process.

Voile=A crisp, lightweight, plain weave cotton-like fabric, made with high twist yarns in a high yarn count construction.

This knitted fabric is used for complete garments and for such specialized uses as sleeve bands, neck bands, sweater waistbands, and special types of trims for use with other knit or woven fabrics.

Wales are the ridges that run lengthwise in the fabric; courses run crosswise.

Wales are the ridges that run lengthwise in the fabric; courses run crosswise.

End-uses include wall hangings and upholstery.

Colorfastness=A term used to describe a dyed fabric's ability to resist fading due to washing, exposure to sunlight, and other environmental conditions.

Its major properties include a soft, wool-like hand, machine washable and dryable, excellent color retention.

A true madras will bleed when washed.

Colorfastness=A term used to describe a dyed fabric's ability to resist fading due to washing, exposure to sunlight, and other environmental conditions.

Absorbency is a very important property, which effects many other characteristics such as skin comfort, static build-up, shrinkage, stain removal, water repellency, and wrinkle recovery.

Moiré=A corded fabric, usually made from silk or one of the manufactured fibers, which has a distinctive water-marked wavy pattern on the face of the fabric.

Durability=The ability of a fabric to resist wear through continual use.

Basket Weave=A variation of the plain weave construction, formed by treating two or more warp yarns and/or two or more filling yarns as one unit in the weaving process.

The fabric is used primarily in evening and wedding apparel for women.

The fabric is used primarily in evening and wedding apparel for women.

Denim=True denim is a twill weave cotton-like fabric made with different colored yarns in the warp and the weft.

Sisal=A strong bast fiber that originates from the leaves of the Agave plant, which is found in the West Indies, Central America, and Africa.

Repellency=The ability of a fabric to resist such things as wetting and staining by water, stains, soil, etc.

Acetate=A manufactured fiber formed by compound of cellulose, refined from cotton linters and/or wood pulp, and acedic acid that has been extruded through a spinneret and then hardened.

Bast Fiber=Strong, soft, woody fibers, such as flax, jute, hemp, and ramie, which are obtained from the inner bark in the stems of certain plants.

The name originally applied to a hand-woven woolen tweed fabric made in Donegal, Ireland.

Higher grades of finished osnaburg can be found in mattress ticking, slipcovers, workwear, and apparel.

Polyester=A manufactured fiber introduced in the early 1950s, and is second only to cotton in worldwide use.

Most silk is collected from cultivated worms; Tussah silk, or wild silk, is a thicker, shorter fiber produced by worms in their natural habitat.

Gabardine=A tightly woven, twilled, worsted fabric with a slight diagonal line on the right side.

Gabardine=A tightly woven, twilled, worsted fabric with a slight diagonal line on the right side.

Generally, woolen and worsted yarns are S-twist, while cotton and flax yarns are typically Z-twist.

Yarns in a basket weave are laid into the woven construction flat, and maintain a parallel relationship.

Core-Spun Yarns=Consist of a filament base yarn, with an exterior wrapping of loose fiber which has not been twisted into a yarn.

Core-Spun Yarns=Consist of a filament base yarn, with an exterior wrapping of loose fiber which has not been twisted into a yarn.

Resiliency=The ability of a fabric to spring back to its original shape after being twisted, crushed, wrinkled, or distorted in any way.

Wool gabardine is known as a year-round fabric for business suiting.

Herringbone=A variation on the twill weave construction in which the twill is reversed, or broken, at regular intervals, producing a zig-zag effect.

Herringbone=A variation on the twill weave construction in which the twill is reversed, or broken, at regular intervals, producing a zig-zag effect.

Herringbone=A variation on the twill weave construction in which the twill is reversed, or broken, at regular intervals, producing a zig-zag effect.