Fifth Grade Science

Anonymous
425 words 55 learners

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  1. Celsius scale
    a temperature scale that defines the freezing point of water as 0 degrees and the boiling point of water as 100 degrees
    The student is expected to:

    (A) classify matter based on physical properties, including mass, magnetism, physical state (solid, liquid, and gas), relative density (sinking and floating), solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy or electric energy;

    (B) identify the boiling and freezing/melting points of water on the Celsius scale;

    (C) demonstrate that some mixtures maintain physical properties of their ingredients such as iron filings and sand; a...
  2. physical property
    any property used to characterize matter and energy and their interactions
    (A) Within the physical environment, students learn about the physical properties of matter, including magnetism, physical states of matter, relative density, solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate electrical and heat energy.
  3. spring scale
    a balance that measure weight by the tension on a helical spring
    The student is expected to:

    (A) collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrarium...
  4. graduated cylinder
    a container marked with lines and used to measure liquid
    The student is expected to:

    (A) collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrarium...
  5. iron filing
    a fragment of iron rubbed off by the use of a file
    The student is expected to:

    (A) classify matter based on physical properties, including mass, magnetism, physical state (solid, liquid, and gas), relative density (sinking and floating), solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy or electric energy;

    (B) identify the boiling and freezing/melting points of water on the Celsius scale;

    (C) demonstrate that some mixtures maintain physical properties of their ingredients such as iron filings and sand; a...
  6. relative density
    the ratio of the density of something to the density of a standard
    (A) Within the physical environment, students learn about the physical properties of matter, including magnetism, physical states of matter, relative density, solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate electrical and heat energy.
  7. webbed foot
    a bird's foot with folds of skin between the toes
    The student is expected to:

    (A) compare the structures and functions of different species that help them live and survive such as hooves on prairie animals or webbed feet in aquatic animals;

    (B) differentiate between inherited traits of plants and animals such as spines on a cactus or shape of a beak and learned behaviors such as an animal learning tricks or a child riding a bicycle; and

    (C) describe the differences between complete and incomplete metamorphosis of insects.
  8. lense
    a transparent optical device used to converge or diverge transmitted light and to form images
    The student is expected to:

    (A) collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrarium...
  9. terrarium
    transparent container in which plants and animals are kept
    The student is expected to:

    (A) collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrariums
  10. nonrenewable
    that can not be renewed
    Students learn that the natural world consists of resources, including nonrenewable, renewable, and alternative energy sources.
  11. food web
    community of organisms with several interrelated food chains
    The student is expected to:

    (A) observe the way organisms live and survive in their ecosystem by interacting with the living and non-living elements;

    (B) describe how the flow of energy derived from the Sun, used by producers to create their own food, is transferred through a food chain and food web to consumers and decomposers;

    (C) predict the effects of changes in ecosystems caused by living organisms, including humans, such as the overpopulation of grazers or the building of ...
  12. promotional material
    a message issued in behalf of some product or cause or idea or person or institution
    The student is expected to:

    (A) in all fields of science, analyze, evaluate, and critique scientific explanations by using empirical evidence, logical reasoning, and experimental and observational testing, including examining all sides of scientific evidence of those scientific explanations, so as to encourage critical thinking by the student;

    (B) evaluate the accuracy of the information related to promotional materials for products and services such as nutritional labels;

    (C) d...
  13. sedimentary rock
    rock formed from consolidated clay deposits
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the processes that led to the formation of sedimentary rocks and fossil fuels;

    (B) recognize how landforms such as deltas, canyons, and sand dunes are the result of changes to Earth's surface by wind, water, and ice;

    (C) identify alternative energy resources such as wind, solar, hydroelectric, geothermal, and biofuels; and

    (D) identify fossils as evidence of past living organisms and the nature of the environments at the time using models.
  14. heat energy
    a form of energy that is transferred by a difference in temperature
    (A) Within the physical environment, students learn about the physical properties of matter, including magnetism, physical states of matter, relative density, solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate electrical and heat energy.
  15. life science
    any of the branches of natural science dealing with the structure and behavior of living organisms
    (3) The study of elementary science includes planning and safely implementing classroom and outdoor investigations using scientific processes, including inquiry methods, analyzing information, making informed decisions, and using tools to collect and record information, while addressing the major concepts and vocabulary, in the context of physical, earth, and life sciences.
  16. state of matter
    (chemistry) the three traditional states of matter are solids (fixed shape and volume) and liquids (fixed volume and shaped by the container) and gases (filling the container)
    (A) Within the physical environment, students learn about the physical properties of matter, including magnetism, physical states of matter, relative density, solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate electrical and heat energy.
  17. apparent movement
    an optical illusion of motion produced by viewing a rapid succession of still pictures of a moving object
    The student is expected to:

    (A) differentiate between weather and climate;

    (B) explain how the Sun and the ocean interact in the water cycle;

    (C) demonstrate that Earth rotates on its axis once approximately every 24 hours causing the day/night cycle and the apparent movement of the Sun across the sky; and

    (D) identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.
  18. refract
    subject to change in direction of a propagating wave
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the uses of energy, including mechanical, light, thermal, electrical, and sound energy;

    (B) demonstrate that the flow of electricity in circuits requires a complete path through which an electric current can pass and can produce light, heat, and sound;

    (C) demonstrate that light travels in a straight line until it strikes an object or travels through one medium to another and demonstrate that light can be reflected such as the use of mirrors or o...
  19. solubility
    the quality of being easily dissolved in liquid
    (A) Within the physical environment, students learn about the physical properties of matter, including magnetism, physical states of matter, relative density, solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate electrical and heat energy.
  20. stopwatch
    a timepiece that can be started or stopped for exact timing
    The student is expected to:

    (A) collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrarium...
  21. alternative energy
    energy derived from sources that do not use up natural resources or harm the environment
    Students learn that the natural world consists of resources, including nonrenewable, renewable, and alternative energy sources.
  22. non-living
    not endowed with life
    The student is expected to:

    (A) observe the way organisms live and survive in their ecosystem by interacting with the living and non-living elements;

    (B) describe how the flow of energy derived from the Sun, used by producers to create their own food, is transferred through a food chain and food web to consumers and decomposers;

    (C) predict the effects of changes in ecosystems caused by living organisms, including humans, such as the overpopulation of grazers or the building of ...
  23. sand dune
    a ridge of sand created by the wind
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the processes that led to the formation of sedimentary rocks and fossil fuels;

    (B) recognize how landforms such as deltas, canyons, and sand dunes are the result of changes to Earth's surface by wind, water, and ice;

    (C) identify alternative energy resources such as wind, solar, hydroelectric, geothermal, and biofuels; and

    (D) identify fossils as evidence of past living organisms and the nature of the environments at the time using models.
  24. insulate
    surround with material to protect from heat, cold, or noise
    (A) Within the physical environment, students learn about the physical properties of matter, including magnetism, physical states of matter, relative density, solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate electrical and heat energy.
  25. Celsius
    Swedish astronomer who devised the centigrade thermometer
    The student is expected to:

    (A) collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrarium...
  26. hot plate
    a portable electric appliance for heating or cooking or keeping food warm
    The student is expected to:

    (A) collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrarium...
  27. problem solving
    the thought processes involved in solving a problem
    The student uses critical thinking and scientific problem solving to make informed decisions.
  28. differentiate
    acquire a distinct character
    Students learn to differentiate between inherited traits and learned behaviors.
  29. melting point
    the temperature at which a solid turns into a liquid
    The student is expected to:

    (A) classify matter based on physical properties, including mass, magnetism, physical state (solid, liquid, and gas), relative density (sinking and floating), solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy or electric energy;

    (B) identify the boiling and freezing/melting points of water on the Celsius scale;

    (C) demonstrate that some mixtures maintain physical properties of their ingredients such as iron filings and sand; a...
  30. thermal
    relating to or associated with heat
    Students explore the uses of light, thermal, electrical, and sound energies.
  31. life cycle
    a series of stages through which an organism passes
    Students learn that life cycles occur in animals and plants and that the carbon dioxide-oxygen cycle occurs naturally to support the living environment.

    (b) Knowledge and skills.
  32. observational
    relying on observation or experiment
    The student is expected to:

    (A) in all fields of science, analyze, evaluate, and critique scientific explanations by using empirical evidence, logical reasoning, and experimental and observational testing, including examining all sides of scientific evidence of those scientific explanations, so as to encourage critical thinking by the student;

    (B) evaluate the accuracy of the information related to promotional materials for products and services such as nutritional labels;

    (C) d...
  33. natural phenomenon
    all phenomena that are not artificial
    (1) Science, as defined by the National Academy of Sciences, is the "use of evidence to construct testable explanations and predictions of natural phenomena, as well as the knowledge generated through this process."
  34. ecosystem
    organisms interacting with their physical environment
    The student is expected to:

    (A) observe the way organisms live and survive in their ecosystem by interacting with the living and non-living elements;

    (B) describe how the flow of energy derived from the Sun, used by producers to create their own food, is transferred through a food chain and food web to consumers and decomposers;

    (C) predict the effects of changes in ecosystems caused by living organisms, including humans, such as the overpopulation of grazers or the building of ...
  35. evaluate
    estimate the nature, quality, ability or significance of
    The student is expected to:

    (A) describe, plan, and implement simple experimental investigations testing one variable;

    (B) ask well-defined questions, formulate testable hypotheses, and select and use appropriate equipment and technology;

    (C) collect information by detailed observations and accurate measuring;

    (D) analyze and interpret information to construct reasonable explanations from direct (observable) and indirect (inferred) evidence;

    (E) demonstrate that repeated investigat...
  36. student
    a learner who is enrolled in an educational institution
    Students should understand that certain types of questions can be answered by investigations and that methods, models, and conclusions built from these investigations change as new observations are made.
  37. organism
    a living thing that can act or function independently
    (C) Within the living environment, students learn that structure and function of organisms can improve the survival of members of a species.
  38. overpopulation
    too many individuals of a given species
    The student is expected to:

    (A) observe the way organisms live and survive in their ecosystem by interacting with the living and non-living elements;

    (B) describe how the flow of energy derived from the Sun, used by producers to create their own food, is transferred through a food chain and food web to consumers and decomposers;

    (C) predict the effects of changes in ecosystems caused by living organisms, including humans, such as the overpopulation of grazers or the building of ...
  39. geothermal
    of or relating to the heat in the interior of the earth
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the processes that led to the formation of sedimentary rocks and fossil fuels;

    (B) recognize how landforms such as deltas, canyons, and sand dunes are the result of changes to Earth's surface by wind, water, and ice;

    (C) identify alternative energy resources such as wind, solar, hydroelectric, geothermal, and biofuels; and

    (D) identify fossils as evidence of past living organisms and the nature of the environments at the time using models.
  40. instructional
    of or relating to or used in instruction
    Districts are encouraged to facilitate classroom and outdoor investigations for at least 50% of instructional time.
  41. Earth's surface
    the outermost level of the land or sea
    (B) Within the natural environment, students learn how changes occur on Earth's surface and that predictable patterns occur in the sky.
  42. food chain
    community of organisms where each member is eaten by another
    The student is expected to:

    (A) observe the way organisms live and survive in their ecosystem by interacting with the living and non-living elements;

    (B) describe how the flow of energy derived from the Sun, used by producers to create their own food, is transferred through a food chain and food web to consumers and decomposers;

    (C) predict the effects of changes in ecosystems caused by living organisms, including humans, such as the overpopulation of grazers or the building of ...
  43. goggle
    look with amazement
    The student is expected to:

    (A) collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrariums and a...
  44. interact
    do something together or with others
    The student is expected to:

    (A) differentiate between weather and climate;

    (B) explain how the Sun and the ocean interact in the water cycle;

    (C) demonstrate that Earth rotates on its axis once approximately every 24 hours causing the day/night cycle and the apparent movement of the Sun across the sky; and

    (D) identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.
  45. classroom
    a room in a school where lessons take place
    (3) The study of elementary science includes planning and safely implementing classroom and outdoor investigations using scientific processes, including inquiry methods, analyzing information, making informed decisions, and using tools to collect and record information, while addressing the major concepts and vocabulary, in the context of physical, earth, and life sciences.
  46. cycle
    a periodically repeated sequence of events
    These ideas transcend disciplinary boundaries and include patterns, cycles, systems, models, and change and constancy.
  47. demonstrate
    give an exhibition of to an interested audience
    The student is expected to:

    (A) demonstrate safe practices and the use of safety equipment as described in the Texas Safety Standards during classroom and outdoor investigations; and

    (B) make informed choices in the conservation, disposal, and recycling of materials.
  48. analyze
    break down into components or essential features
    (3) The study of elementary science includes planning and safely implementing classroom and outdoor investigations using scientific processes, including inquiry methods, analyzing information, making informed decisions, and using tools to collect and record information, while addressing the major concepts and vocabulary, in the context of physical, earth, and life sciences.
  49. webbed
    having open interstices or resembling a web
    The student is expected to:

    (A) compare the structures and functions of different species that help them live and survive such as hooves on prairie animals or webbed feet in aquatic animals;

    (B) differentiate between inherited traits of plants and animals such as spines on a cactus or shape of a beak and learned behaviors such as an animal learning tricks or a child riding a bicycle; and

    (C) describe the differences between complete and incomplete metamorphosis of insects.
  50. National Academy of Sciences
    an honorary American society of scientists created by President Lincoln during the American Civil War
    (1) Science, as defined by the National Academy of Sciences, is the "use of evidence to construct testable explanations and predictions of natural phenomena, as well as the knowledge generated through this process."
  51. scientific method
    a systematic way of investigating to test a hypothesis
    The student uses scientific methods during laboratory and outdoor investigations.
  52. hydroelectric
    of or relating to or used in the production of electricity by waterpower
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the processes that led to the formation of sedimentary rocks and fossil fuels;

    (B) recognize how landforms such as deltas, canyons, and sand dunes are the result of changes to Earth's surface by wind, water, and ice;

    (C) identify alternative energy resources such as wind, solar, hydroelectric, geothermal, and biofuels; and

    (D) identify fossils as evidence of past living organisms and the nature of the environments at the time using models.
  53. classify
    arrange or order by categories
    The student knows that matter has measurable physical properties and those properties determine how matter is classified, changed, and used.
  54. outdoor
    pertaining to or concerning the outdoors or outdoor activities
    (3) The study of elementary science includes planning and safely implementing classroom and outdoor investigations using scientific processes, including inquiry methods, analyzing information, making informed decisions, and using tools to collect and record information, while addressing the major concepts and vocabulary, in the context of physical, earth, and life sciences.
  55. investigation
    an inquiry into unfamiliar or questionable activities
    (3) The study of elementary science includes planning and safely implementing classroom and outdoor investigations using scientific processes, including inquiry methods, analyzing information, making informed decisions, and using tools to collect and record information, while addressing the major concepts and vocabulary, in the context of physical, earth, and life sciences.
  56. sedimentary
    formed by or containing the accumulation of deposited matter
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the processes that led to the formation of sedimentary rocks and fossil fuels;

    (B) recognize how landforms such as deltas, canyons, and sand dunes are the result of changes to Earth's surface by wind, water, and ice;

    (C) identify alternative energy resources such as wind, solar, hydroelectric, geothermal, and biofuels; and

    (D) identify fossils as evidence of past living organisms and the nature of the environments at the time using models.
  57. identify
    recognize as being
    The student is expected to:

    (A) classify matter based on physical properties, including mass, magnetism, physical state (solid, liquid, and gas), relative density (sinking and floating), solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy or electric energy;

    (B) identify the boiling and freezing/melting points of water on the Celsius scale;

    (C) demonstrate that some mixtures maintain physical properties of their ingredients such as iron filings and sand; a...
  58. graph
    a visual representation of the relations between quantities
    The student is expected to:

    (A) describe, plan, and implement simple experimental investigations testing one variable;

    (B) ask well-defined questions, formulate testable hypotheses, and select and use appropriate equipment and technology;

    (C) collect information by detailed observations and accurate measuring;

    (D) analyze and interpret information to construct reasonable explanations from direct (observable) and indirect (inferred) evidence;

    (E) demonstrate that repeated investigat...
  59. calculator
    a small machine that is used for mathematical calculations
    The student is expected to:

    (A) collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrarium...
  60. carbon dioxide
    a colorless, odorless greenhouse gas essential for photosynthesis
    Students learn that life cycles occur in animals and plants and that the carbon dioxide-oxygen cycle occurs naturally to support the living environment.

    (b) Knowledge and skills.
  61. Earth
    the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on
    (7) Earth and space.
  62. environmentally
    for the environment
    The student conducts classroom and outdoor investigations following home and school safety procedures and environmentally appropriate and ethical practices.
  63. beaker
    a cup (usually without a handle)
    The student is expected to:

    (A) collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrarium...
  64. include
    have as a part; be made up out of
    These ideas transcend disciplinary boundaries and include patterns, cycles, systems, models, and change and constancy.
  65. nutritional
    of or relating to or providing nutrition
    The student is expected to:

    (A) in all fields of science, analyze, evaluate, and critique scientific explanations by using empirical evidence, logical reasoning, and experimental and observational testing, including examining all sides of scientific evidence of those scientific explanations, so as to encourage critical thinking by the student;

    (B) evaluate the accuracy of the information related to promotional materials for products and services such as nutritional labels;

    (C) d...
  66. recycling
    the act of processing used materials to create something new
    The student is expected to:

    (A) demonstrate safe practices and the use of safety equipment as described in the Texas Safety Standards during classroom and outdoor investigations; and

    (B) make informed choices in the conservation, disposal, and recycling of materials.
  67. rotate
    turn on or around an axis or a center
    The student is expected to:

    (A) differentiate between weather and climate;

    (B) explain how the Sun and the ocean interact in the water cycle;

    (C) demonstrate that Earth rotates on its axis once approximately every 24 hours causing the day/night cycle and the apparent movement of the Sun across the sky; and

    (D) identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.
  68. ingredient
    a component of a mixture or compound
    The student is expected to:

    (A) classify matter based on physical properties, including mass, magnetism, physical state (solid, liquid, and gas), relative density (sinking and floating), solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy or electric energy;

    (B) identify the boiling and freezing/melting points of water on the Celsius scale;

    (C) demonstrate that some mixtures maintain physical properties of their ingredients such as iron filings and sand; a...
  69. measurable
    capable of being measured
    The student knows that matter has measurable physical properties and those properties determine how matter is classified, changed, and used.
  70. dioxide
    an oxide containing two atoms of oxygen in the molecule
    Students learn that life cycles occur in animals and plants and that the carbon dioxide-oxygen cycle occurs naturally to support the living environment.

    (b) Knowledge and skills.
  71. environment
    the totality of surrounding conditions
    (A) Within the physical environment, students learn about the physical properties of matter, including magnetism, physical states of matter, relative density, solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate electrical and heat energy.
  72. construct
    make by combining materials and parts
    (1) Science, as defined by the National Academy of Sciences, is the "use of evidence to construct testable explanations and predictions of natural phenomena, as well as the knowledge generated through this process."
  73. promotional
    of or relating to serving as publicity
    The student is expected to:

    (A) in all fields of science, analyze, evaluate, and critique scientific explanations by using empirical evidence, logical reasoning, and experimental and observational testing, including examining all sides of scientific evidence of those scientific explanations, so as to encourage critical thinking by the student;

    (B) evaluate the accuracy of the information related to promotional materials for products and services such as nutritional labels;

    (C) d...
  74. electric current
    a flow of electricity through a conductor
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the uses of energy, including mechanical, light, thermal, electrical, and sound energy;

    (B) demonstrate that the flow of electricity in circuits requires a complete path through which an electric current can pass and can produce light, heat, and sound;

    (C) demonstrate that light travels in a straight line until it strikes an object or travels through one medium to another and demonstrate that light can be reflected such as the use of mirro...
  75. energy
    forceful exertion
    (A) Within the physical environment, students learn about the physical properties of matter, including magnetism, physical states of matter, relative density, solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate electrical and heat energy.
  76. dune
    a ridge of sand created by the wind
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the processes that led to the formation of sedimentary rocks and fossil fuels;

    (B) recognize how landforms such as deltas, canyons, and sand dunes are the result of changes to Earth's surface by wind, water, and ice;

    (C) identify alternative energy resources such as wind, solar, hydroelectric, geothermal, and biofuels; and

    (D) identify fossils as evidence of past living organisms and the nature of the environments at the time using models.
  77. transcend
    go beyond the scope or limits of
    These ideas transcend disciplinary boundaries and include patterns, cycles, systems, models, and change and constancy.
  78. aquarium
    a tank or pool filled with water for keeping live fish
    The student is expected to:

    (A) collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrariums and <...
  79. reliability
    the quality of being dependable
    The student is expected to:

    (A) describe, plan, and implement simple experimental investigations testing one variable;

    (B) ask well-defined questions, formulate testable hypotheses, and select and use appropriate equipment and technology;

    (C) collect information by detailed observations and accurate measuring;

    (D) analyze and interpret information to construct reasonable explanations from direct (observable) and indirect (inferred) evidence;

    (E) demonstrate that repeated investigat...
  80. pervasive
    spreading or spread throughout
    (2) Recurring themes are pervasive in sciences, mathematics, and technology.
  81. magnetism
    attraction for iron
    (A) Within the physical environment, students learn about the physical properties of matter, including magnetism, physical states of matter, relative density, solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate electrical and heat energy.
  82. implement
    a piece of equipment or a tool used for a specific purpose
    (3) The study of elementary science includes planning and safely implementing classroom and outdoor investigations using scientific processes, including inquiry methods, analyzing information, making informed decisions, and using tools to collect and record information, while addressing the major concepts and vocabulary, in the context of physical, earth, and life sciences.
  83. density
    the amount per unit size
    (A) Within the physical environment, students learn about the physical properties of matter, including magnetism, physical states of matter, relative density, solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate electrical and heat energy.
  84. fossil fuel
    energy-producing substance derived from preserved organisms
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the processes that led to the formation of sedimentary rocks and fossil fuels;

    (B) recognize how landforms such as deltas, canyons, and sand dunes are the result of changes to Earth's surface by wind, water, and ice;

    (C) identify alternative energy resources such as wind, solar, hydroelectric, geothermal, and biofuels; and

    (D) identify fossils as evidence of past living organisms and the nature of the environments at the time using models.
  85. scientific
    consistent with systematic study of the physical world
    (3) The study of elementary science includes planning and safely implementing classroom and outdoor investigations using scientific processes, including inquiry methods, analyzing information, making informed decisions, and using tools to collect and record information, while addressing the major concepts and vocabulary, in the context of physical, earth, and life sciences.
  86. reasoning
    thinking that is organized and logical
    (1) Scientific investigation and reasoning.
  87. prism
    a polyhedron with two congruent and parallel faces
    The student is expected to:

    (A) collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrarium...
  88. well-defined
    accurately stated or described
    The student is expected to:

    (A) describe, plan, and implement simple experimental investigations testing one variable;

    (B) ask well-defined questions, formulate testable hypotheses, and select and use appropriate equipment and technology;

    (C) collect information by detailed observations and accurate measuring;

    (D) analyze and interpret information to construct reasonable explanations from direct (observable) and indirect (inferred) evidence;

    (E) demonstrate that repeated inv...
  89. lemon juice
    usually freshly squeezed juice of lemons
    The student is expected to:

    (A) classify matter based on physical properties, including mass, magnetism, physical state (solid, liquid, and gas), relative density (sinking and floating), solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy or electric energy;

    (B) identify the boiling and freezing/melting points of water on the Celsius scale;

    (C) demonstrate that some mixtures maintain physical properties of their ingredients such as iron filings and sand; and

    (D)...
  90. disciplinary
    relating to discipline in behavior
    These ideas transcend disciplinary boundaries and include patterns, cycles, systems, models, and change and constancy.
  91. Moon
    the natural satellite of the Earth
    The student knows that there are recognizable patterns in the natural world and among the Sun, Earth, and Moon system.
  92. explore
    travel to or penetrate into
    Students explore the uses of light, thermal, electrical, and sound energies.
  93. resource
    aid or support that may be drawn upon when needed
    Students learn that the natural world consists of resources, including nonrenewable, renewable, and alternative energy sources.
  94. electrical
    relating to or concerned with electricity
    (A) Within the physical environment, students learn about the physical properties of matter, including magnetism, physical states of matter, relative density, solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate electrical and heat energy.
  95. metric
    based on a decimal unit of measurement
    The student is expected to:

    (A) collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrarium...
  96. metamorphosis
    striking change in appearance or character or circumstances
    The student is expected to:

    (A) compare the structures and functions of different species that help them live and survive such as hooves on prairie animals or webbed feet in aquatic animals;

    (B) differentiate between inherited traits of plants and animals such as spines on a cactus or shape of a beak and learned behaviors such as an animal learning tricks or a child riding a bicycle; and

    (C) describe the differences between complete and incomplete metamorphosis of insects.
  97. formulate
    prepare according to instructions
    The student is expected to:

    (A) describe, plan, and implement simple experimental investigations testing one variable;

    (B) ask well-defined questions, formulate testable hypotheses, and select and use appropriate equipment and technology;

    (C) collect information by detailed observations and accurate measuring;

    (D) analyze and interpret information to construct reasonable explanations from direct (observable) and indirect (inferred) evidence;

    (E) demonstrate that repeated inv...
  98. renewable
    capable of being replaced
    Students learn that the natural world consists of resources, including nonrenewable, renewable, and alternative energy sources.
  99. inherit
    receive from a predecessor
    Students learn to differentiate between inherited traits and learned behaviors.
  100. trait
    a distinguishing feature of your personal nature
    Students learn to differentiate between inherited traits and learned behaviors.
  101. predictable
    capable of being foretold
    (B) Within the natural environment, students learn how changes occur on Earth's surface and that predictable patterns occur in the sky.
  102. occur
    come to pass
    (B) Within the natural environment, students learn how changes occur on Earth's surface and that predictable patterns occur in the sky.
  103. critique
    appraise or judge in an analytical way
    The student is expected to:

    (A) in all fields of science, analyze, evaluate, and critique scientific explanations by using empirical evidence, logical reasoning, and experimental and observational testing, including examining all sides of scientific evidence of those scientific explanations, so as to encourage critical thinking by the student;

    (B) evaluate the accuracy of the information related to promotional materials for products and services such as nutritional labels;

    (C) d...
  104. physical
    involving the body as distinguished from the mind or spirit
    (3) The study of elementary science includes planning and safely implementing classroom and outdoor investigations using scientific processes, including inquiry methods, analyzing information, making informed decisions, and using tools to collect and record information, while addressing the major concepts and vocabulary, in the context of physical, earth, and life sciences.
  105. recognizable
    easily perceived; easy to become aware of
    The student knows that there are recognizable patterns in the natural world and among the Sun, Earth, and Moon system.
  106. tool
    an implement used to perform a task or job
    (3) The study of elementary science includes planning and safely implementing classroom and outdoor investigations using scientific processes, including inquiry methods, analyzing information, making informed decisions, and using tools to collect and record information, while addressing the major concepts and vocabulary, in the context of physical, earth, and life sciences.
  107. empirical
    derived from experiment and observation rather than theory
    The student is expected to:

    (A) in all fields of science, analyze, evaluate, and critique scientific explanations by using empirical evidence, logical reasoning, and experimental and observational testing, including examining all sides of scientific evidence of those scientific explanations, so as to encourage critical thinking by the student;

    (B) evaluate the accuracy of the information related to promotional materials for products and services such as nutritional labels;

    (C) d...
  108. aquatic
    operating or living or growing in water
    The student is expected to:

    (A) compare the structures and functions of different species that help them live and survive such as hooves on prairie animals or webbed feet in aquatic animals;

    (B) differentiate between inherited traits of plants and animals such as spines on a cactus or shape of a beak and learned behaviors such as an animal learning tricks or a child riding a bicycle; and

    (C) describe the differences between complete and incomplete metamorphosis of insects.
  109. fossil
    the remains of a plant or animal from a past geological age
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the processes that led to the formation of sedimentary rocks and fossil fuels;

    (B) recognize how landforms such as deltas, canyons, and sand dunes are the result of changes to Earth's surface by wind, water, and ice;

    (C) identify alternative energy resources such as wind, solar, hydroelectric, geothermal, and biofuels; and

    (D) identify fossils as evidence of past living organisms and the nature of the environments at the time using models.
  110. recur
    happen or occur again
    (2) Recurring themes are pervasive in sciences, mathematics, and technology.
  111. meter
    a basic unit of length (approximately 1.094 yards)
    The student is expected to:

    (A) collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrarium...
  112. observable
    capable of being seen or noticed
    The student is expected to:

    (A) describe, plan, and implement simple experimental investigations testing one variable;

    (B) ask well-defined questions, formulate testable hypotheses, and select and use appropriate equipment and technology;

    (C) collect information by detailed observations and accurate measuring;

    (D) analyze and interpret information to construct reasonable explanations from direct (observable) and indirect (inferred) evidence;

    (E) demonstrate that repeated inv...
  113. dissolving
    the process of going into solution
    The student is expected to:

    (A) classify matter based on physical properties, including mass, magnetism, physical state (solid, liquid, and gas), relative density (sinking and floating), solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy or electric energy;

    (B) identify the boiling and freezing/melting points of water on the Celsius scale;

    (C) demonstrate that some mixtures maintain physical properties of their ingredients such as iron filings and sand; and

    (D)...
  114. pattern
    a repeated design, structure, or arrangement
    These ideas transcend disciplinary boundaries and include patterns, cycles, systems, models, and change and constancy.
  115. appropriate
    suitable for a particular person, place, or situation
    The student conducts classroom and outdoor investigations following home and school safety procedures and environmentally appropriate and ethical practices.
  116. survive
    continue in existence after
    The student is expected to:

    (A) observe the way organisms live and survive in their ecosystem by interacting with the living and non-living elements;

    (B) describe how the flow of energy derived from the Sun, used by producers to create their own food, is transferred through a food chain and food web to consumers and decomposers;

    (C) predict the effects of changes in ecosystems caused by living organisms, including humans, such as the overpopulation of grazers or the building of ...
  117. concept
    an abstract or general idea inferred from specific instances
    (3) The study of elementary science includes planning and safely implementing classroom and outdoor investigations using scientific processes, including inquiry methods, analyzing information, making informed decisions, and using tools to collect and record information, while addressing the major concepts and vocabulary, in the context of physical, earth, and life sciences.
  118. experimental
    of the nature of or undergoing a trial
    The student is expected to:

    (A) describe, plan, and implement simple experimental investigations testing one variable;

    (B) ask well-defined questions, formulate testable hypotheses, and select and use appropriate equipment and technology;

    (C) collect information by detailed observations and accurate measuring;

    (D) analyze and interpret information to construct reasonable explanations from direct (observable) and indirect (inferred) evidence;

    (E) demonstrate that repeated inv...
  119. expect
    regard something as probable or likely
    The student is expected to:

    (A) demonstrate safe practices and the use of safety equipment as described in the Texas Safety Standards during classroom and outdoor investigations; and

    (B) make informed choices in the conservation, disposal, and recycling of materials.
  120. define
    show the form or outline of
    (1) Science, as defined by the National Academy of Sciences, is the "use of evidence to construct testable explanations and predictions of natural phenomena, as well as the knowledge generated through this process."
  121. solving
    finding a solution to a problem
    The student uses critical thinking and scientific problem solving to make informed decisions.
  122. notebook
    a book with blank pages for recording notes or memoranda
    The student is expected to:

    (A) collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrarium...
  123. survival
    the state of remaining alive
    (C) Within the living environment, students learn that structure and function of organisms can improve the survival of members of a species.
  124. science
    a branch of study or knowledge involving the observation, investigation, and discovery of general laws or truths that can be tested systematically
    (1) Science, as defined by the National Academy of Sciences, is the "use of evidence to construct testable explanations and predictions of natural phenomena, as well as the knowledge generated through this process."
  125. axis
    a straight line through a body or figure
    The student is expected to:

    (A) differentiate between weather and climate;

    (B) explain how the Sun and the ocean interact in the water cycle;

    (C) demonstrate that Earth rotates on its axis once approximately every 24 hours causing the day/night cycle and the apparent movement of the Sun across the sky; and

    (D) identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.
  126. model
    a representation of something, often on a smaller scale
    These ideas transcend disciplinary boundaries and include patterns, cycles, systems, models, and change and constancy.
  127. habitat
    the type of environment in which an organism normally lives
    The student is expected to:

    (A) collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrarium...
  128. learn
    gain knowledge or skills
    (4) In Grade 5, investigations are used to learn about the natural world.
  129. hoof
    the hard foot of some mammals
    The student is expected to:

    (A) compare the structures and functions of different species that help them live and survive such as hooves on prairie animals or webbed feet in aquatic animals;

    (B) differentiate between inherited traits of plants and animals such as spines on a cactus or shape of a beak and learned behaviors such as an animal learning tricks or a child riding a bicycle; and

    (C) describe the differences between complete and incomplete metamorphosis of insects.
  130. recurring
    coming back
    (2) Recurring themes are pervasive in sciences, mathematics, and technology.
  131. oxygen
    a colorless, odorless gas that is essential for respiration
    Students learn that life cycles occur in animals and plants and that the carbon dioxide-oxygen cycle occurs naturally to support the living environment.

    (b) Knowledge and skills.
  132. inform
    impart knowledge of some fact, state or affairs, or event to
    (3) The study of elementary science includes planning and safely implementing classroom and outdoor investigations using scientific processes, including inquiry methods, analyzing information, making informed decisions, and using tools to collect and record information, while addressing the major concepts and vocabulary, in the context of physical, earth, and life sciences.
  133. clocks
    European weed naturalized in southwestern United States and Mexico having reddish decumbent stems with small fernlike leaves and small deep reddish-lavender flowers followed by slender fruits that stick straight up; often grown for forage
    The student is expected to:

    (A) collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrarium...
  134. straight line
    a line traced by a point traveling in a constant direction
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the uses of energy, including mechanical, light, thermal, electrical, and sound energy;

    (B) demonstrate that the flow of electricity in circuits requires a complete path through which an electric current can pass and can produce light, heat, and sound;

    (C) demonstrate that light travels in a straight line until it strikes an object or travels through one medium to another and demonstrate that light can be reflected such as the use of mirro...
  135. microscope
    magnifier of the image of small objects
    The student is expected to:

    (A) collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrarium...
  136. describe
    give a statement representing something
    The student is expected to:

    (A) demonstrate safe practices and the use of safety equipment as described in the Texas Safety Standards during classroom and outdoor investigations; and

    (B) make informed choices in the conservation, disposal, and recycling of materials.
  137. carbon
    an abundant nonmetallic element in all organic compounds
    Students learn that life cycles occur in animals and plants and that the carbon dioxide-oxygen cycle occurs naturally to support the living environment.

    (b) Knowledge and skills.
  138. testing
    experimentation to determine how well something works
    The student is expected to:

    (A) describe, plan, and implement simple experimental investigations testing one variable;

    (B) ask well-defined questions, formulate testable hypotheses, and select and use appropriate equipment and technology;

    (C) collect information by detailed observations and accurate measuring;

    (D) analyze and interpret information to construct reasonable explanations from direct (observable) and indirect (inferred) evidence;

    (E) demonstrate that repeated inv...
  139. facilitate
    make easier
    Districts are encouraged to facilitate classroom and outdoor investigations for at least 50% of instructional time.
  140. consist
    have its essential character
    Students learn that the natural world consists of resources, including nonrenewable, renewable, and alternative energy sources.
  141. magnet
    a device that attracts iron and produces lines of force
    The student is expected to:

    (A) collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrarium...
  142. timing
    the regulation of occurrence, pace, or coordination to achieve a desired effect (as in music, theater, athletics, mechanics)
    The student is expected to:

    (A) collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrarium...
  143. grade
    a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality
    (4) In Grade 5, investigations are used to learn about the natural world.
  144. expected
    considered likely or probable to happen or arrive
    The student is expected to:

    (A) demonstrate safe practices and the use of safety equipment as described in the Texas Safety Standards during classroom and outdoor investigations; and

    (B) make informed choices in the conservation, disposal, and recycling of materials.
  145. shiny
    reflecting light
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the uses of energy, including mechanical, light, thermal, electrical, and sound energy;

    (B) demonstrate that the flow of electricity in circuits requires a complete path through which an electric current can pass and can produce light, heat, and sound;

    (C) demonstrate that light travels in a straight line until it strikes an object or travels through one medium to another and demonstrate that light can be reflected such as the use of mirrors or o...
  146. modify
    cause to change; make different
    They have limitations and based on new discoveries are constantly being modified to more closely reflect the natural world.
  147. dispense
    administer or bestow, as in small portions
    The student is expected to:

    (A) in all fields of science, analyze, evaluate, and critique scientific explanations by using empirical evidence, logical reasoning, and experimental and observational testing, including examining all sides of scientific evidence of those scientific explanations, so as to encourage critical thinking by the student;

    (B) evaluate the accuracy of the information related to promotional materials for products and services such as nutritional labels;

    (C) draw or ...
  148. prediction
    a statement made about the future
    (1) Science, as defined by the National Academy of Sciences, is the "use of evidence to construct testable explanations and predictions of natural phenomena, as well as the knowledge generated through this process."
  149. generate
    bring into existence
    (1) Science, as defined by the National Academy of Sciences, is the "use of evidence to construct testable explanations and predictions of natural phenomena, as well as the knowledge generated through this process."
  150. inherited
    occurring among members of a family usually by heredity
    Students learn to differentiate between inherited traits and learned behaviors.
  151. spine
    the series of vertebrae forming the backbone
    The student is expected to:

    (A) compare the structures and functions of different species that help them live and survive such as hooves on prairie animals or webbed feet in aquatic animals;

    (B) differentiate between inherited traits of plants and animals such as spines on a cactus or shape of a beak and learned behaviors such as an animal learning tricks or a child riding a bicycle; and

    (C) describe the differences between complete and incomplete metamorphosis of insects.
  152. constancy
    the quality of being enduring and free from change
    These ideas transcend disciplinary boundaries and include patterns, cycles, systems, models, and change and constancy.
  153. filing
    the entering of a legal document into the public record
    The student is expected to:

    (A) classify matter based on physical properties, including mass, magnetism, physical state (solid, liquid, and gas), relative density (sinking and floating), solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy or electric energy;

    (B) identify the boiling and freezing/melting points of water on the Celsius scale;

    (C) demonstrate that some mixtures maintain physical properties of their ingredients such as iron filings and sand; a...
  154. variable
    something that is likely to change
    The student is expected to:

    (A) describe, plan, and implement simple experimental investigations testing one variable;

    (B) ask well-defined questions, formulate testable hypotheses, and select and use appropriate equipment and technology;

    (C) collect information by detailed observations and accurate measuring;

    (D) analyze and interpret information to construct reasonable explanations from direct (observable) and indirect (inferred) evidence;

    (E) demonstrate that repeated inv...
  155. limitation
    an act of restricting (as by regulation)
    They have limitations and based on new discoveries are constantly being modified to more closely reflect the natural world.
  156. equipment
    an instrumentality needed for an undertaking
    The student is expected to:

    (A) demonstrate safe practices and the use of safety equipment as described in the Texas Safety Standards during classroom and outdoor investigations; and

    (B) make informed choices in the conservation, disposal, and recycling of materials.
  157. delta
    the 4th letter of the Greek alphabet
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the processes that led to the formation of sedimentary rocks and fossil fuels;

    (B) recognize how landforms such as deltas, canyons, and sand dunes are the result of changes to Earth's surface by wind, water, and ice;

    (C) identify alternative energy resources such as wind, solar, hydroelectric, geothermal, and biofuels; and

    (D) identify fossils as evidence of past living organisms and the nature of the environments at the time using models.
  158. infer
    conclude by reasoning
    The student is expected to:

    (A) describe, plan, and implement simple experimental investigations testing one variable;

    (B) ask well-defined questions, formulate testable hypotheses, and select and use appropriate equipment and technology;

    (C) collect information by detailed observations and accurate measuring;

    (D) analyze and interpret information to construct reasonable explanations from direct (observable) and indirect (inferred) evidence;

    (E) demonstrate that repeated inv...
  159. dissolve
    pass into a solution
    The student is expected to:

    (A) classify matter based on physical properties, including mass, magnetism, physical state (solid, liquid, and gas), relative density (sinking and floating), solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy or electric energy;

    (B) identify the boiling and freezing/melting points of water on the Celsius scale;

    (C) demonstrate that some mixtures maintain physical properties of their ingredients such as iron filings and sand; and

    (D)...
  160. vocabulary
    a language user's knowledge of words
    (3) The study of elementary science includes planning and safely implementing classroom and outdoor investigations using scientific processes, including inquiry methods, analyzing information, making informed decisions, and using tools to collect and record information, while addressing the major concepts and vocabulary, in the context of physical, earth, and life sciences.
  161. bicycle
    a vehicle that has two wheels and is moved by foot pedals
    The student is expected to:

    (A) compare the structures and functions of different species that help them live and survive such as hooves on prairie animals or webbed feet in aquatic animals;

    (B) differentiate between inherited traits of plants and animals such as spines on a cactus or shape of a beak and learned behaviors such as an animal learning tricks or a child riding a bicycle; and

    (C) describe the differences between complete and incomplete metamorphosis of insects.
  162. animal
    a living organism characterized by voluntary movement
    Students learn that life cycles occur in animals and plants and that the carbon dioxide-oxygen cycle occurs naturally to support the living environment.

    (b) Knowledge and skills.
  163. defined
    showing clearly the outline or profile or boundary
    (1) Science, as defined by the National Academy of Sciences, is the "use of evidence to construct testable explanations and predictions of natural phenomena, as well as the knowledge generated through this process."
  164. thermometer
    measuring instrument for measuring temperature
    The student is expected to:

    (A) collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrarium...
  165. explanation
    making something understandable
    (1) Science, as defined by the National Academy of Sciences, is the "use of evidence to construct testable explanations and predictions of natural phenomena, as well as the knowledge generated through this process."
  166. predict
    make a guess about what will happen in the future
    The student is expected to:

    (A) observe the way organisms live and survive in their ecosystem by interacting with the living and non-living elements;

    (B) describe how the flow of energy derived from the Sun, used by producers to create their own food, is transferred through a food chain and food web to consumers and decomposers;

    (C) predict the effects of changes in ecosystems caused by living organisms, including humans, such as the overpopulation of grazers or the building of ...
  167. behavior
    the way a person acts toward other people
    Students learn to differentiate between inherited traits and learned behaviors.
  168. safety
    being certain that adverse effects will not be caused
    The student conducts classroom and outdoor investigations following home and school safety procedures and environmentally appropriate and ethical practices.
  169. conservation
    careful management of the environment and natural resources
    The student is expected to:

    (A) demonstrate safe practices and the use of safety equipment as described in the Texas Safety Standards during classroom and outdoor investigations; and

    (B) make informed choices in the conservation, disposal, and recycling of materials.
  170. humans
    all of the living human inhabitants of the earth
    The student is expected to:

    (A) observe the way organisms live and survive in their ecosystem by interacting with the living and non-living elements;

    (B) describe how the flow of energy derived from the Sun, used by producers to create their own food, is transferred through a food chain and food web to consumers and decomposers;

    (C) predict the effects of changes in ecosystems caused by living organisms, including humans, such as the overpopulation of grazers or the building of ...
  171. context
    the set of facts or circumstances that surround a situation
    (3) The study of elementary science includes planning and safely implementing classroom and outdoor investigations using scientific processes, including inquiry methods, analyzing information, making informed decisions, and using tools to collect and record information, while addressing the major concepts and vocabulary, in the context of physical, earth, and life sciences.
  172. alternative
    one of a number of things from which only one can be chosen
    Students learn that the natural world consists of resources, including nonrenewable, renewable, and alternative energy sources.
  173. incomplete
    not total or final
    The student is expected to:

    (A) compare the structures and functions of different species that help them live and survive such as hooves on prairie animals or webbed feet in aquatic animals;

    (B) differentiate between inherited traits of plants and animals such as spines on a cactus or shape of a beak and learned behaviors such as an animal learning tricks or a child riding a bicycle; and

    (C) describe the differences between complete and incomplete metamorphosis of insects.
  174. freezing
    the withdrawal of heat to change something from a liquid to a solid
    The student is expected to:

    (A) classify matter based on physical properties, including mass, magnetism, physical state (solid, liquid, and gas), relative density (sinking and floating), solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy or electric energy;

    (B) identify the boiling and freezing/melting points of water on the Celsius scale;

    (C) demonstrate that some mixtures maintain physical properties of their ingredients such as iron filings and sand; a...
  175. valid
    well grounded in logic or truth or having legal force
    The student is expected to:

    (A) describe, plan, and implement simple experimental investigations testing one variable;

    (B) ask well-defined questions, formulate testable hypotheses, and select and use appropriate equipment and technology;

    (C) collect information by detailed observations and accurate measuring;

    (D) analyze and interpret information to construct reasonable explanations from direct (observable) and indirect (inferred) evidence;

    (E) demonstrate that repeated investigat...
  176. organize
    arrange by systematic planning and united effort
    The student is expected to:

    (A) describe, plan, and implement simple experimental investigations testing one variable;

    (B) ask well-defined questions, formulate testable hypotheses, and select and use appropriate equipment and technology;

    (C) collect information by detailed observations and accurate measuring;

    (D) analyze and interpret information to construct reasonable explanations from direct (observable) and indirect (inferred) evidence;

    (E) demonstrate that repeated investigat...
  177. encourage
    inspire with confidence
    Districts are encouraged to facilitate classroom and outdoor investigations for at least 50% of instructional time.
  178. information
    knowledge acquired through study or experience
    (3) The study of elementary science includes planning and safely implementing classroom and outdoor investigations using scientific processes, including inquiry methods, analyzing information, making informed decisions, and using tools to collect and record information, while addressing the major concepts and vocabulary, in the context of physical, earth, and life sciences.
  179. function
    what something is used for
    (C) Within the living environment, students learn that structure and function of organisms can improve the survival of members of a species.
  180. reflect
    throw or bend back from a surface
    They have limitations and based on new discoveries are constantly being modified to more closely reflect the natural world.
  181. cylinder
    a surface generated by rotating a line around a fixed line
    The student is expected to:

    (A) collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrarium...
  182. interpret
    make sense of; assign a meaning to
    The student is expected to:

    (A) describe, plan, and implement simple experimental investigations testing one variable;

    (B) ask well-defined questions, formulate testable hypotheses, and select and use appropriate equipment and technology;

    (C) collect information by detailed observations and accurate measuring;

    (D) analyze and interpret information to construct reasonable explanations from direct (observable) and indirect (inferred) evidence;

    (E) demonstrate that repeated inv...
  183. indirect
    not leading by a straight line or course to a destination
    The student is expected to:

    (A) describe, plan, and implement simple experimental investigations testing one variable;

    (B) ask well-defined questions, formulate testable hypotheses, and select and use appropriate equipment and technology;

    (C) collect information by detailed observations and accurate measuring;

    (D) analyze and interpret information to construct reasonable explanations from direct (observable) and indirect (inferred) evidence;

    (E) demonstrate that repeated inv...
  184. technology
    the practical application of science to commerce or industry
    (2) Recurring themes are pervasive in sciences, mathematics, and technology.
  185. glove
    handwear: covers the hand and wrist
    The student is expected to:

    (A) collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrariums and a...
  186. observation
    the act of taking a patient look
    Students should understand that certain types of questions can be answered by investigations and that methods, models, and conclusions built from these investigations change as new observations are made.
  187. property
    something owned
    (A) Within the physical environment, students learn about the physical properties of matter, including magnetism, physical states of matter, relative density, solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate electrical and heat energy.
  188. structure
    a complex entity made of many parts
    (C) Within the living environment, students learn that structure and function of organisms can improve the survival of members of a species.
  189. verbal
    of or relating to or formed from words in general
    The student is expected to:

    (A) describe, plan, and implement simple experimental investigations testing one variable;

    (B) ask well-defined questions, formulate testable hypotheses, and select and use appropriate equipment and technology;

    (C) collect information by detailed observations and accurate measuring;

    (D) analyze and interpret information to construct reasonable explanations from direct (observable) and indirect (inferred) evidence;

    (E) demonstrate that repeated investigat...
  190. pan
    shallow container made of metal
    The student is expected to:

    (A) collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrarium...
  191. undergo
    pass through
    The student knows that organisms undergo similar life processes and have structures that help them survive within their environments.
  192. classified
    arranged into classes
    The student knows that matter has measurable physical properties and those properties determine how matter is classified, changed, and used.
  193. freeze
    change from a liquid to a solid when cold
    The student is expected to:

    (A) classify matter based on physical properties, including mass, magnetism, physical state (solid, liquid, and gas), relative density (sinking and floating), solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy or electric energy;

    (B) identify the boiling and freezing/melting points of water on the Celsius scale;

    (C) demonstrate that some mixtures maintain physical properties of their ingredients such as iron filings and sand; a...
  194. label
    a brief description given for purposes of identification
    The student is expected to:

    (A) in all fields of science, analyze, evaluate, and critique scientific explanations by using empirical evidence, logical reasoning, and experimental and observational testing, including examining all sides of scientific evidence of those scientific explanations, so as to encourage critical thinking by the student;

    (B) evaluate the accuracy of the information related to promotional materials for products and services such as nutritional labels;

    (C) d...
  195. graduated
    marked with or divided into degrees
    The student is expected to:

    (A) collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrarium...
  196. approximately
    imprecise but fairly close to correct
    The student is expected to:

    (A) differentiate between weather and climate;

    (B) explain how the Sun and the ocean interact in the water cycle;

    (C) demonstrate that Earth rotates on its axis once approximately every 24 hours causing the day/night cycle and the apparent movement of the Sun across the sky; and

    (D) identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.
  197. melting
    the process whereby heat changes something from a solid to a liquid
    The student is expected to:

    (A) classify matter based on physical properties, including mass, magnetism, physical state (solid, liquid, and gas), relative density (sinking and floating), solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy or electric energy;

    (B) identify the boiling and freezing/melting points of water on the Celsius scale;

    (C) demonstrate that some mixtures maintain physical properties of their ingredients such as iron filings and sand; a...
  198. computer
    a machine for performing calculations automatically
    The student is expected to:

    (A) describe, plan, and implement simple experimental investigations testing one variable;

    (B) ask well-defined questions, formulate testable hypotheses, and select and use appropriate equipment and technology;

    (C) collect information by detailed observations and accurate measuring;

    (D) analyze and interpret information to construct reasonable explanations from direct (observable) and indirect (inferred) evidence;

    (E) demonstrate that repeated investigat...
  199. measuring
    the act or process of assigning numbers to phenomena according to a rule
    The student is expected to:

    (A) describe, plan, and implement simple experimental investigations testing one variable;

    (B) ask well-defined questions, formulate testable hypotheses, and select and use appropriate equipment and technology;

    (C) collect information by detailed observations and accurate measuring;

    (D) analyze and interpret information to construct reasonable explanations from direct (observable) and indirect (inferred) evidence;

    (E) demonstrate that repeated inv...
  200. observe
    watch attentively
    The student knows that energy occurs in many forms and can be observed in cycles, patterns, and systems.
  201. canyon
    a ravine formed by a river in an area with little rainfall
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the processes that led to the formation of sedimentary rocks and fossil fuels;

    (B) recognize how landforms such as deltas, canyons, and sand dunes are the result of changes to Earth's surface by wind, water, and ice;

    (C) identify alternative energy resources such as wind, solar, hydroelectric, geothermal, and biofuels; and

    (D) identify fossils as evidence of past living organisms and the nature of the environments at the time using models.
  202. method
    a way of doing something, especially a systematic way
    (3) The study of elementary science includes planning and safely implementing classroom and outdoor investigations using scientific processes, including inquiry methods, analyzing information, making informed decisions, and using tools to collect and record information, while addressing the major concepts and vocabulary, in the context of physical, earth, and life sciences.
  203. derive
    come from
    The student is expected to:

    (A) observe the way organisms live and survive in their ecosystem by interacting with the living and non-living elements;

    (B) describe how the flow of energy derived from the Sun, used by producers to create their own food, is transferred through a food chain and food web to consumers and decomposers;

    (C) predict the effects of changes in ecosystems caused by living organisms, including humans, such as the overpopulation of grazers or the building of ...
  204. mirror
    polished surface that forms images by reflecting light
    The student is expected to:

    (A) collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrarium...
  205. mathematics
    a science dealing with the logic of quantity and arrangement
    (2) Recurring themes are pervasive in sciences, mathematics, and technology.
  206. ethical
    conforming to accepted standards of social behavior
    The student conducts classroom and outdoor investigations following home and school safety procedures and environmentally appropriate and ethical practices.
  207. melt
    reduce or cause to be reduced from a solid to a liquid state
    The student is expected to:

    (A) classify matter based on physical properties, including mass, magnetism, physical state (solid, liquid, and gas), relative density (sinking and floating), solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy or electric energy;

    (B) identify the boiling and freezing/melting points of water on the Celsius scale;

    (C) demonstrate that some mixtures maintain physical properties of their ingredients such as iron filings and sand; a...
  208. triple
    having three units or components or elements
    The student is expected to:

    (A) collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrarium...
  209. sand
    a loose material consisting of grains of rock or coral
    The student is expected to:

    (A) classify matter based on physical properties, including mass, magnetism, physical state (solid, liquid, and gas), relative density (sinking and floating), solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy or electric energy;

    (B) identify the boiling and freezing/melting points of water on the Celsius scale;

    (C) demonstrate that some mixtures maintain physical properties of their ingredients such as iron filings and sand; a...
  210. insect
    a small creature with six legs, a hard body, and two antennae
    The student is expected to:

    (A) compare the structures and functions of different species that help them live and survive such as hooves on prairie animals or webbed feet in aquatic animals;

    (B) differentiate between inherited traits of plants and animals such as spines on a cactus or shape of a beak and learned behaviors such as an animal learning tricks or a child riding a bicycle; and

    (C) describe the differences between complete and incomplete metamorphosis of insects.
  211. scientist
    a person with advanced knowledge of empirical fields
    The student is expected to:

    (A) in all fields of science, analyze, evaluate, and critique scientific explanations by using empirical evidence, logical reasoning, and experimental and observational testing, including examining all sides of scientific evidence of those scientific explanations, so as to encourage critical thinking by the student;

    (B) evaluate the accuracy of the information related to promotional materials for products and services such as nutritional labels;

    (C) draw or ...
  212. soda
    a sweet drink containing carbonated water and flavoring
    The student is expected to:

    (A) in all fields of science, analyze, evaluate, and critique scientific explanations by using empirical evidence, logical reasoning, and experimental and observational testing, including examining all sides of scientific evidence of those scientific explanations, so as to encourage critical thinking by the student;

    (B) evaluate the accuracy of the information related to promotional materials for products and services such as nutritional labels;

    (C) draw or ...
  213. evidence
    knowledge on which to base belief
    (1) Science, as defined by the National Academy of Sciences, is the "use of evidence to construct testable explanations and predictions of natural phenomena, as well as the knowledge generated through this process."
  214. change
    become different in some particular way
    These ideas transcend disciplinary boundaries and include patterns, cycles, systems, models, and change and constancy.
  215. connect
    fasten or put together two or more pieces
    The student is expected to:

    (A) in all fields of science, analyze, evaluate, and critique scientific explanations by using empirical evidence, logical reasoning, and experimental and observational testing, including examining all sides of scientific evidence of those scientific explanations, so as to encourage critical thinking by the student;

    (B) evaluate the accuracy of the information related to promotional materials for products and services such as nutritional labels;

    (C) draw or ...
  216. balance
    harmonious arrangement or relation of parts within a whole
    The student is expected to:

    (A) collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrarium...
  217. examine
    observe, check out, and look over carefully or inspect
    The student is expected to:

    (A) describe, plan, and implement simple experimental investigations testing one variable;

    (B) ask well-defined questions, formulate testable hypotheses, and select and use appropriate equipment and technology;

    (C) collect information by detailed observations and accurate measuring;

    (D) analyze and interpret information to construct reasonable explanations from direct (observable) and indirect (inferred) evidence;

    (E) demonstrate that repeated investigat...
  218. elementary
    of or being the essential or basic part
    (3) The study of elementary science includes planning and safely implementing classroom and outdoor investigations using scientific processes, including inquiry methods, analyzing information, making informed decisions, and using tools to collect and record information, while addressing the major concepts and vocabulary, in the context of physical, earth, and life sciences.
  219. hypothesis
    a tentative insight that is not yet verified or tested
    The student is expected to:

    (A) describe, plan, and implement simple experimental investigations testing one variable;

    (B) ask well-defined questions, formulate testable hypotheses, and select and use appropriate equipment and technology;

    (C) collect information by detailed observations and accurate measuring;

    (D) analyze and interpret information to construct reasonable explanations from direct (observable) and indirect (inferred) evidence;

    (E) demonstrate that repeated inv...
  220. natural
    relating to or concerning the physical world
    (1) Science, as defined by the National Academy of Sciences, is the "use of evidence to construct testable explanations and predictions of natural phenomena, as well as the knowledge generated through this process."
  221. compare
    examine and note the similarities or differences of
    The student is expected to:

    (A) differentiate between weather and climate;

    (B) explain how the Sun and the ocean interact in the water cycle;

    (C) demonstrate that Earth rotates on its axis once approximately every 24 hours causing the day/night cycle and the apparent movement of the Sun across the sky; and

    (D) identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.
  222. web
    an intricate network suggesting something that was formed by weaving or interweaving
    The student is expected to:

    (A) observe the way organisms live and survive in their ecosystem by interacting with the living and non-living elements;

    (B) describe how the flow of energy derived from the Sun, used by producers to create their own food, is transferred through a food chain and food web to consumers and decomposers;

    (C) predict the effects of changes in ecosystems caused by living organisms, including humans, such as the overpopulation of grazers or the building of ...
  223. lemon
    yellow oval fruit with juicy acidic flesh
    The student is expected to:

    (A) classify matter based on physical properties, including mass, magnetism, physical state (solid, liquid, and gas), relative density (sinking and floating), solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy or electric energy;

    (B) identify the boiling and freezing/melting points of water on the Celsius scale;

    (C) demonstrate that some mixtures maintain physical properties of their ingredients such as iron filings and sand; and

    (D)...
  224. chart
    a visual display of data or information
    The student is expected to:

    (A) describe, plan, and implement simple experimental investigations testing one variable;

    (B) ask well-defined questions, formulate testable hypotheses, and select and use appropriate equipment and technology;

    (C) collect information by detailed observations and accurate measuring;

    (D) analyze and interpret information to construct reasonable explanations from direct (observable) and indirect (inferred) evidence;

    (E) demonstrate that repeated investigat...
  225. informed
    having much knowledge or education
    (3) The study of elementary science includes planning and safely implementing classroom and outdoor investigations using scientific processes, including inquiry methods, analyzing information, making informed decisions, and using tools to collect and record information, while addressing the major concepts and vocabulary, in the context of physical, earth, and life sciences.
  226. surface
    the outer boundary of an artifact or a material layer
    (B) Within the natural environment, students learn how changes occur on Earth's surface and that predictable patterns occur in the sky.
  227. process
    a particular course of action intended to achieve a result
    (1) Science, as defined by the National Academy of Sciences, is the "use of evidence to construct testable explanations and predictions of natural phenomena, as well as the knowledge generated through this process."
  228. conduct
    the way a person behaves toward other people
    (A) Within the physical environment, students learn about the physical properties of matter, including magnetism, physical states of matter, relative density, solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate electrical and heat energy.
  229. test
    standardized procedure for measuring sensitivity or aptitude
    The student is expected to:

    (A) describe, plan, and implement simple experimental investigations testing one variable;

    (B) ask well-defined questions, formulate testable hypotheses, and select and use appropriate equipment and technology;

    (C) collect information by detailed observations and accurate measuring;

    (D) analyze and interpret information to construct reasonable explanations from direct (observable) and indirect (inferred) evidence;

    (E) demonstrate that repeated inv...
  230. live
    have life, be alive
    (C) Within the living environment, students learn that structure and function of organisms can improve the survival of members of a species.
  231. relative
    not absolute or complete
    (A) Within the physical environment, students learn about the physical properties of matter, including magnetism, physical states of matter, relative density, solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate electrical and heat energy.
  232. inquiry
    an instance of questioning
    (3) The study of elementary science includes planning and safely implementing classroom and outdoor investigations using scientific processes, including inquiry methods, analyzing information, making informed decisions, and using tools to collect and record information, while addressing the major concepts and vocabulary, in the context of physical, earth, and life sciences.
  233. float
    be on or below a liquid surface and not sink to the bottom
    The student is expected to:

    (A) classify matter based on physical properties, including mass, magnetism, physical state (solid, liquid, and gas), relative density (sinking and floating), solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy or electric energy;

    (B) identify the boiling and freezing/melting points of water on the Celsius scale;

    (C) demonstrate that some mixtures maintain physical properties of their ingredients such as iron filings and sand; a...
  234. graduate
    receive an academic degree upon completion of one's studies
    The student is expected to:

    (A) collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrarium...
  235. plant
    a living organism without the power to move
    Students learn that life cycles occur in animals and plants and that the carbon dioxide-oxygen cycle occurs naturally to support the living environment.

    (b) Knowledge and skills.
  236. contribution
    a voluntary gift made to some worthwhile cause
    The student is expected to:

    (A) in all fields of science, analyze, evaluate, and critique scientific explanations by using empirical evidence, logical reasoning, and experimental and observational testing, including examining all sides of scientific evidence of those scientific explanations, so as to encourage critical thinking by the student;

    (B) evaluate the accuracy of the information related to promotional materials for products and services such as nutritional labels;

    (C) draw or ...
  237. electric
    using or providing the flow of charge through a conductor
    The student is expected to:

    (A) classify matter based on physical properties, including mass, magnetism, physical state (solid, liquid, and gas), relative density (sinking and floating), solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy or electric energy;

    (B) identify the boiling and freezing/melting points of water on the Celsius scale;

    (C) demonstrate that some mixtures maintain physical properties of their ingredients such as iron filings and sand; a...
  238. flow
    move along, of liquids
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the uses of energy, including mechanical, light, thermal, electrical, and sound energy;

    (B) demonstrate that the flow of electricity in circuits requires a complete path through which an electric current can pass and can produce light, heat, and sound;

    (C) demonstrate that light travels in a straight line until it strikes an object or travels through one medium to another and demonstrate that light can be reflected such as the use of mirro...
  239. procedure
    a particular course of action intended to achieve a result
    The student conducts classroom and outdoor investigations following home and school safety procedures and environmentally appropriate and ethical practices.
  240. laboratory
    a workplace for the conduct of scientific research
    The student uses scientific methods during laboratory and outdoor investigations.
  241. collecting
    the act of gathering something together
    The student is expected to:

    (A) collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrarium...
  242. solve
    find the answer to or understand the meaning of
    The student uses critical thinking and scientific problem solving to make informed decisions.
  243. solar
    relating to the sun or utilizing the energies of the sun
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the processes that led to the formation of sedimentary rocks and fossil fuels;

    (B) recognize how landforms such as deltas, canyons, and sand dunes are the result of changes to Earth's surface by wind, water, and ice;

    (C) identify alternative energy resources such as wind, solar, hydroelectric, geothermal, and biofuels; and

    (D) identify fossils as evidence of past living organisms and the nature of the environments at the time using models.
  244. critical
    of a serious examination and judgment of something
    The student uses critical thinking and scientific problem solving to make informed decisions.
  245. scale
    an ordered reference standard
    The student is expected to:

    (A) collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrarium...
  246. living
    pertaining to living persons
    (C) Within the living environment, students learn that structure and function of organisms can improve the survival of members of a species.
  247. modified
    changed in form or character
    They have limitations and based on new discoveries are constantly being modified to more closely reflect the natural world.
  248. logical
    based on known statements or events or conditions
    The student is expected to:

    (A) in all fields of science, analyze, evaluate, and critique scientific explanations by using empirical evidence, logical reasoning, and experimental and observational testing, including examining all sides of scientific evidence of those scientific explanations, so as to encourage critical thinking by the student;

    (B) evaluate the accuracy of the information related to promotional materials for products and services such as nutritional labels;

    (C) d...
  249. boundary
    the line indicating the limit or extent of something
    These ideas transcend disciplinary boundaries and include patterns, cycles, systems, models, and change and constancy.
  250. producer
    someone who manufactures something
    The student is expected to:

    (A) observe the way organisms live and survive in their ecosystem by interacting with the living and non-living elements;

    (B) describe how the flow of energy derived from the Sun, used by producers to create their own food, is transferred through a food chain and food web to consumers and decomposers;

    (C) predict the effects of changes in ecosystems caused by living organisms, including humans, such as the overpopulation of grazers or the building of ...
  251. accuracy
    the quality of being near to the true value
    The student is expected to:

    (A) in all fields of science, analyze, evaluate, and critique scientific explanations by using empirical evidence, logical reasoning, and experimental and observational testing, including examining all sides of scientific evidence of those scientific explanations, so as to encourage critical thinking by the student;

    (B) evaluate the accuracy of the information related to promotional materials for products and services such as nutritional labels;

    (C) d...
  252. beam
    a long thick piece of material used in construction
    The student is expected to:

    (A) collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrarium...
  253. disposal
    the act or means of getting rid of something
    The student is expected to:

    (A) demonstrate safe practices and the use of safety equipment as described in the Texas Safety Standards during classroom and outdoor investigations; and

    (B) make informed choices in the conservation, disposal, and recycling of materials.
  254. prairie
    a treeless grassy plain
    The student is expected to:

    (A) compare the structures and functions of different species that help them live and survive such as hooves on prairie animals or webbed feet in aquatic animals;

    (B) differentiate between inherited traits of plants and animals such as spines on a cactus or shape of a beak and learned behaviors such as an animal learning tricks or a child riding a bicycle; and

    (C) describe the differences between complete and incomplete metamorphosis of insects.
  255. phenomenon
    any state or process known through the senses
    (1) Science, as defined by the National Academy of Sciences, is the "use of evidence to construct testable explanations and predictions of natural phenomena, as well as the knowledge generated through this process."
  256. communicate
    transfer to another
    The student is expected to:

    (A) describe, plan, and implement simple experimental investigations testing one variable;

    (B) ask well-defined questions, formulate testable hypotheses, and select and use appropriate equipment and technology;

    (C) collect information by detailed observations and accurate measuring;

    (D) analyze and interpret information to construct reasonable explanations from direct (observable) and indirect (inferred) evidence;

    (E) demonstrate that repeated investigat...
  257. non
    negation of a word or group of words
    The student is expected to:

    (A) observe the way organisms live and survive in their ecosystem by interacting with the living and non-living elements;

    (B) describe how the flow of energy derived from the Sun, used by producers to create their own food, is transferred through a food chain and food web to consumers and decomposers;

    (C) predict the effects of changes in ecosystems caused by living organisms, including humans, such as the overpopulation of grazers or the building of ...
  258. base
    lowest support of a structure
    They have limitations and based on new discoveries are constantly being modified to more closely reflect the natural world.
  259. highway
    a major road for any form of motor transport
    The student is expected to:

    (A) observe the way organisms live and survive in their ecosystem by interacting with the living and non-living elements;

    (B) describe how the flow of energy derived from the Sun, used by producers to create their own food, is transferred through a food chain and food web to consumers and decomposers;

    (C) predict the effects of changes in ecosystems caused by living organisms, including humans, such as the overpopulation of grazers or the building of high...
  260. material
    the substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object
    The student is expected to:

    (A) demonstrate safe practices and the use of safety equipment as described in the Texas Safety Standards during classroom and outdoor investigations; and

    (B) make informed choices in the conservation, disposal, and recycling of materials.
  261. ruler
    a person who governs or commands
    The student is expected to:

    (A) collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrarium...
  262. transfer
    move from one place to another
    The student is expected to:

    (A) observe the way organisms live and survive in their ecosystem by interacting with the living and non-living elements;

    (B) describe how the flow of energy derived from the Sun, used by producers to create their own food, is transferred through a food chain and food web to consumers and decomposers;

    (C) predict the effects of changes in ecosystems caused by living organisms, including humans, such as the overpopulation of grazers or the building of ...
  263. system
    a group of independent elements comprising a unified whole
    These ideas transcend disciplinary boundaries and include patterns, cycles, systems, models, and change and constancy.
  264. devices
    an inclination or desire
    The student is expected to:

    (A) collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrarium...
  265. circuit
    a journey or route all the way around a place or area
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the uses of energy, including mechanical, light, thermal, electrical, and sound energy;

    (B) demonstrate that the flow of electricity in circuits requires a complete path through which an electric current can pass and can produce light, heat, and sound;

    (C) demonstrate that light travels in a straight line until it strikes an object or travels through one medium to another and demonstrate that light can be reflected such as the use of mirro...
  266. detailed
    developed with careful treatment of particulars
    The student is expected to:

    (A) describe, plan, and implement simple experimental investigations testing one variable;

    (B) ask well-defined questions, formulate testable hypotheses, and select and use appropriate equipment and technology;

    (C) collect information by detailed observations and accurate measuring;

    (D) analyze and interpret information to construct reasonable explanations from direct (observable) and indirect (inferred) evidence;

    (E) demonstrate that repeated inv...
  267. object
    a tangible and visible entity
    Models of objects and events are tools for understanding the natural world and can show how systems work.
  268. ability
    the quality of having the means or skills to do something
    (A) Within the physical environment, students learn about the physical properties of matter, including magnetism, physical states of matter, relative density, solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate electrical and heat energy.
  269. causing
    the act of causing something to happen
    The student is expected to:

    (A) differentiate between weather and climate;

    (B) explain how the Sun and the ocean interact in the water cycle;

    (C) demonstrate that Earth rotates on its axis once approximately every 24 hours causing the day/night cycle and the apparent movement of the Sun across the sky; and

    (D) identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.
  270. conclusion
    a position or opinion reached after consideration
    Students should understand that certain types of questions can be answered by investigations and that methods, models, and conclusions built from these investigations change as new observations are made.
  271. constantly
    without variation or change, in every case
    They have limitations and based on new discoveries are constantly being modified to more closely reflect the natural world.
  272. accurate
    characterized by perfect conformity to fact or truth
    The student is expected to:

    (A) describe, plan, and implement simple experimental investigations testing one variable;

    (B) ask well-defined questions, formulate testable hypotheses, and select and use appropriate equipment and technology;

    (C) collect information by detailed observations and accurate measuring;

    (D) analyze and interpret information to construct reasonable explanations from direct (observable) and indirect (inferred) evidence;

    (E) demonstrate that repeated inv...
  273. boil
    change from a liquid to vapor
    The student is expected to:

    (A) classify matter based on physical properties, including mass, magnetism, physical state (solid, liquid, and gas), relative density (sinking and floating), solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy or electric energy;

    (B) identify the boiling and freezing/melting points of water on the Celsius scale;

    (C) demonstrate that some mixtures maintain physical properties of their ingredients such as iron filings and sand; a...
  274. liquid
    fluid matter having no fixed shape but a fixed volume
    The student is expected to:

    (A) classify matter based on physical properties, including mass, magnetism, physical state (solid, liquid, and gas), relative density (sinking and floating), solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy or electric energy;

    (B) identify the boiling and freezing/melting points of water on the Celsius scale;

    (C) demonstrate that some mixtures maintain physical properties of their ingredients such as iron filings and sand; a...
  275. mechanical
    using tools or devices
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the uses of energy, including mechanical, light, thermal, electrical, and sound energy;

    (B) demonstrate that the flow of electricity in circuits requires a complete path through which an electric current can pass and can produce light, heat, and sound;

    (C) demonstrate that light travels in a straight line until it strikes an object or travels through one medium to another and demonstrate that light can be reflected such as the use of mirro...
  276. boiling
    the application of heat to change something from a liquid to a gas
    The student is expected to:

    (A) classify matter based on physical properties, including mass, magnetism, physical state (solid, liquid, and gas), relative density (sinking and floating), solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy or electric energy;

    (B) identify the boiling and freezing/melting points of water on the Celsius scale;

    (C) demonstrate that some mixtures maintain physical properties of their ingredients such as iron filings and sand; a...
  277. device
    an instrumentality invented for a particular purpose
    The student is expected to:

    (A) collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrarium...
  278. water
    compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear liquid
    (A) Within the physical environment, students learn about the physical properties of matter, including magnetism, physical states of matter, relative density, solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate electrical and heat energy.
  279. select
    pick out or choose from a number of alternatives
    The student is expected to:

    (A) describe, plan, and implement simple experimental investigations testing one variable;

    (B) ask well-defined questions, formulate testable hypotheses, and select and use appropriate equipment and technology;

    (C) collect information by detailed observations and accurate measuring;

    (D) analyze and interpret information to construct reasonable explanations from direct (observable) and indirect (inferred) evidence;

    (E) demonstrate that repeated inv...
  280. sinking
    a slow fall or decline (as for lack of strength)
    The student is expected to:

    (A) classify matter based on physical properties, including mass, magnetism, physical state (solid, liquid, and gas), relative density (sinking and floating), solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy or electric energy;

    (B) identify the boiling and freezing/melting points of water on the Celsius scale;

    (C) demonstrate that some mixtures maintain physical properties of their ingredients such as iron filings and sand; a...
  281. theme
    the subject matter of a conversation or discussion
    (2) Recurring themes are pervasive in sciences, mathematics, and technology.
  282. based
    having a base
    They have limitations and based on new discoveries are constantly being modified to more closely reflect the natural world.
  283. significance
    the quality of being important
    The student is expected to:

    (A) observe the way organisms live and survive in their ecosystem by interacting with the living and non-living elements;

    (B) describe how the flow of energy derived from the Sun, used by producers to create their own food, is transferred through a food chain and food web to consumers and decomposers;

    (C) predict the effects of changes in ecosystems caused by living organisms, including humans, such as the overpopulation of grazers or the building of highway...
  284. planning
    an act of formulating a program for a course of action
    (3) The study of elementary science includes planning and safely implementing classroom and outdoor investigations using scientific processes, including inquiry methods, analyzing information, making informed decisions, and using tools to collect and record information, while addressing the major concepts and vocabulary, in the context of physical, earth, and life sciences.
  285. sink
    fall or descend to a lower place or level
    The student is expected to:

    (A) classify matter based on physical properties, including mass, magnetism, physical state (solid, liquid, and gas), relative density (sinking and floating), solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy or electric energy;

    (B) identify the boiling and freezing/melting points of water on the Celsius scale;

    (C) demonstrate that some mixtures maintain physical properties of their ingredients such as iron filings and sand; a...
  286. travel
    change location
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the uses of energy, including mechanical, light, thermal, electrical, and sound energy;

    (B) demonstrate that the flow of electricity in circuits requires a complete path through which an electric current can pass and can produce light, heat, and sound;

    (C) demonstrate that light travels in a straight line until it strikes an object or travels through one medium to another and demonstrate that light can be reflected such as the use of mirro...
  287. formation
    the act of establishing or creating something
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the processes that led to the formation of sedimentary rocks and fossil fuels;

    (B) recognize how landforms such as deltas, canyons, and sand dunes are the result of changes to Earth's surface by wind, water, and ice;

    (C) identify alternative energy resources such as wind, solar, hydroelectric, geothermal, and biofuels; and

    (D) identify fossils as evidence of past living organisms and the nature of the environments at the time using models.
  288. floating
    borne up by or suspended in a liquid
    The student is expected to:

    (A) classify matter based on physical properties, including mass, magnetism, physical state (solid, liquid, and gas), relative density (sinking and floating), solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy or electric energy;

    (B) identify the boiling and freezing/melting points of water on the Celsius scale;

    (C) demonstrate that some mixtures maintain physical properties of their ingredients such as iron filings and sand; a...
  289. electricity
    a physical phenomenon that can produce light, heat and power
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the uses of energy, including mechanical, light, thermal, electrical, and sound energy;

    (B) demonstrate that the flow of electricity in circuits requires a complete path through which an electric current can pass and can produce light, heat, and sound;

    (C) demonstrate that light travels in a straight line until it strikes an object or travels through one medium to another and demonstrate that light can be reflected such as the use of mirro...
  290. consumer
    a person who uses goods or services
    The student is expected to:

    (A) observe the way organisms live and survive in their ecosystem by interacting with the living and non-living elements;

    (B) describe how the flow of energy derived from the Sun, used by producers to create their own food, is transferred through a food chain and food web to consumers and decomposers;

    (C) predict the effects of changes in ecosystems caused by living organisms, including humans, such as the overpopulation of grazers or the building of ...
  291. matter
    that which has mass and occupies space
    (A) Within the physical environment, students learn about the physical properties of matter, including magnetism, physical states of matter, relative density, solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate electrical and heat energy.
  292. mixture
    a collection containing a variety of sorts of things
    The student is expected to:

    (A) classify matter based on physical properties, including mass, magnetism, physical state (solid, liquid, and gas), relative density (sinking and floating), solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy or electric energy;

    (B) identify the boiling and freezing/melting points of water on the Celsius scale;

    (C) demonstrate that some mixtures maintain physical properties of their ingredients such as iron filings and sand; a...
  293. reason
    a logical motive for a belief or action
    (1) Scientific investigation and reasoning.
  294. academy
    a learned establishment for the advancement of knowledge
    (1) Science, as defined by the National Academy of Sciences, is the "use of evidence to construct testable explanations and predictions of natural phenomena, as well as the knowledge generated through this process."
  295. relationship
    a mutual connection between people
    The student knows that there are relationships, systems, and cycles within environments.
  296. medium
    the surrounding environment
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the uses of energy, including mechanical, light, thermal, electrical, and sound energy;

    (B) demonstrate that the flow of electricity in circuits requires a complete path through which an electric current can pass and can produce light, heat, and sound;

    (C) demonstrate that light travels in a straight line until it strikes an object or travels through one medium to another and demonstrate that light can be reflected such as the use of mirro...
  297. light
    electromagnetic radiation that can produce visual sensation
    Students explore the uses of light, thermal, electrical, and sound energies.
  298. chain
    a series of (usually metal) rings or links fitted into one another to make a flexible ligament
    The student is expected to:

    (A) observe the way organisms live and survive in their ecosystem by interacting with the living and non-living elements;

    (B) describe how the flow of energy derived from the Sun, used by producers to create their own food, is transferred through a food chain and food web to consumers and decomposers;

    (C) predict the effects of changes in ecosystems caused by living organisms, including humans, such as the overpopulation of grazers or the building of ...
  299. improve
    to make better
    (C) Within the living environment, students learn that structure and function of organisms can improve the survival of members of a species.
  300. decision
    a position or opinion reached after consideration
    (3) The study of elementary science includes planning and safely implementing classroom and outdoor investigations using scientific processes, including inquiry methods, analyzing information, making informed decisions, and using tools to collect and record information, while addressing the major concepts and vocabulary, in the context of physical, earth, and life sciences.
  301. encouraged
    inspired with confidence
    Districts are encouraged to facilitate classroom and outdoor investigations for at least 50% of instructional time.
  302. develop
    progress or evolve through a process of natural growth
    The student is expected to:

    (A) in all fields of science, analyze, evaluate, and critique scientific explanations by using empirical evidence, logical reasoning, and experimental and observational testing, including examining all sides of scientific evidence of those scientific explanations, so as to encourage critical thinking by the student;

    (B) evaluate the accuracy of the information related to promotional materials for products and services such as nutritional labels;

    (C) draw or ...
  303. fuel
    a substance that can be consumed to produce energy
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the processes that led to the formation of sedimentary rocks and fossil fuels;

    (B) recognize how landforms such as deltas, canyons, and sand dunes are the result of changes to Earth's surface by wind, water, and ice;

    (C) identify alternative energy resources such as wind, solar, hydroelectric, geothermal, and biofuels; and

    (D) identify fossils as evidence of past living organisms and the nature of the environments at the time using models.
  304. determine
    find out or learn with certainty, as by making an inquiry
    The student knows that matter has measurable physical properties and those properties determine how matter is classified, changed, and used.
  305. trick
    a cunning or deceitful action or device
    The student is expected to:

    (A) compare the structures and functions of different species that help them live and survive such as hooves on prairie animals or webbed feet in aquatic animals;

    (B) differentiate between inherited traits of plants and animals such as spines on a cactus or shape of a beak and learned behaviors such as an animal learning tricks or a child riding a bicycle; and

    (C) describe the differences between complete and incomplete metamorphosis of insects.
  306. heat
    a form of energy transferred by a difference in temperature
    (A) Within the physical environment, students learn about the physical properties of matter, including magnetism, physical states of matter, relative density, solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate electrical and heat energy.
  307. species
    taxonomic group whose members can interbreed
    (C) Within the living environment, students learn that structure and function of organisms can improve the survival of members of a species.
  308. experiment
    the act of conducting a controlled test or investigation
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the uses of energy, including mechanical, light, thermal, electrical, and sound energy;

    (B) demonstrate that the flow of electricity in circuits requires a complete path through which an electric current can pass and can produce light, heat, and sound;

    (C) demonstrate that light travels in a straight line until it strikes an object or travels through one medium to another and demonstrate that light can be reflected such as the use of mirrors or o...
  309. derived
    formed or developed from something else; not original
    The student is expected to:

    (A) observe the way organisms live and survive in their ecosystem by interacting with the living and non-living elements;

    (B) describe how the flow of energy derived from the Sun, used by producers to create their own food, is transferred through a food chain and food web to consumers and decomposers;

    (C) predict the effects of changes in ecosystems caused by living organisms, including humans, such as the overpopulation of grazers or the building of ...
  310. reflected
    (especially of incident sound or light) bent or sent back
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the uses of energy, including mechanical, light, thermal, electrical, and sound energy;

    (B) demonstrate that the flow of electricity in circuits requires a complete path through which an electric current can pass and can produce light, heat, and sound;

    (C) demonstrate that light travels in a straight line until it strikes an object or travels through one medium to another and demonstrate that light can be reflected such as the use of mirro...
  311. recognize
    perceive to be something or something you can identify
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the processes that led to the formation of sedimentary rocks and fossil fuels;

    (B) recognize how landforms such as deltas, canyons, and sand dunes are the result of changes to Earth's surface by wind, water, and ice;

    (C) identify alternative energy resources such as wind, solar, hydroelectric, geothermal, and biofuels; and

    (D) identify fossils as evidence of past living organisms and the nature of the environments at the time using models.
  312. changing
    marked by continuous modification or effective action
    The student knows Earth's surface is constantly changing and consists of useful resources.
  313. salt
    white crystalline form of especially sodium chloride used to season and preserve food
    The student is expected to:

    (A) classify matter based on physical properties, including mass, magnetism, physical state (solid, liquid, and gas), relative density (sinking and floating), solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy or electric energy;

    (B) identify the boiling and freezing/melting points of water on the Celsius scale;

    (C) demonstrate that some mixtures maintain physical properties of their ingredients such as iron filings and sand; and

    (D)...
  314. practice
    a customary way of operation or behavior
    The student conducts classroom and outdoor investigations following home and school safety procedures and environmentally appropriate and ethical practices.
  315. record
    anything providing permanent evidence about past events
    (3) The study of elementary science includes planning and safely implementing classroom and outdoor investigations using scientific processes, including inquiry methods, analyzing information, making informed decisions, and using tools to collect and record information, while addressing the major concepts and vocabulary, in the context of physical, earth, and life sciences.
  316. represent
    be a delegate or spokesperson for
    The student is expected to:

    (A) in all fields of science, analyze, evaluate, and critique scientific explanations by using empirical evidence, logical reasoning, and experimental and observational testing, including examining all sides of scientific evidence of those scientific explanations, so as to encourage critical thinking by the student;

    (B) evaluate the accuracy of the information related to promotional materials for products and services such as nutritional labels;

    (C) draw or ...
  317. repeat
    say or state again
    The student is expected to:

    (A) describe, plan, and implement simple experimental investigations testing one variable;

    (B) ask well-defined questions, formulate testable hypotheses, and select and use appropriate equipment and technology;

    (C) collect information by detailed observations and accurate measuring;

    (D) analyze and interpret information to construct reasonable explanations from direct (observable) and indirect (inferred) evidence;

    (E) demonstrate that repeated inv...
  318. safely
    in a manner unlikely to cause damage or harm
    (3) The study of elementary science includes planning and safely implementing classroom and outdoor investigations using scientific processes, including inquiry methods, analyzing information, making informed decisions, and using tools to collect and record information, while addressing the major concepts and vocabulary, in the context of physical, earth, and life sciences.
  319. reasonable
    showing sound judgment
    The student is expected to:

    (A) describe, plan, and implement simple experimental investigations testing one variable;

    (B) ask well-defined questions, formulate testable hypotheses, and select and use appropriate equipment and technology;

    (C) collect information by detailed observations and accurate measuring;

    (D) analyze and interpret information to construct reasonable explanations from direct (observable) and indirect (inferred) evidence;

    (E) demonstrate that repeated inv...
  320. product
    an artifact that has been created by someone or some process
    The student is expected to:

    (A) in all fields of science, analyze, evaluate, and critique scientific explanations by using empirical evidence, logical reasoning, and experimental and observational testing, including examining all sides of scientific evidence of those scientific explanations, so as to encourage critical thinking by the student;

    (B) evaluate the accuracy of the information related to promotional materials for products and services such as nutritional labels;

    (C) d...
  321. map
    a diagrammatic representation of the earth's surface
    The student is expected to:

    (A) describe, plan, and implement simple experimental investigations testing one variable;

    (B) ask well-defined questions, formulate testable hypotheses, and select and use appropriate equipment and technology;

    (C) collect information by detailed observations and accurate measuring;

    (D) analyze and interpret information to construct reasonable explanations from direct (observable) and indirect (inferred) evidence;

    (E) demonstrate that repeated investigat...
  322. sky
    the atmosphere and outer space as viewed from the earth
    (B) Within the natural environment, students learn how changes occur on Earth's surface and that predictable patterns occur in the sky.
  323. characteristic
    typical or distinctive
    The student is expected to:

    (A) differentiate between weather and climate;

    (B) explain how the Sun and the ocean interact in the water cycle;

    (C) demonstrate that Earth rotates on its axis once approximately every 24 hours causing the day/night cycle and the apparent movement of the Sun across the sky; and

    (D) identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.
  324. detail
    a small part considered separately from the whole
    The student is expected to:

    (A) describe, plan, and implement simple experimental investigations testing one variable;

    (B) ask well-defined questions, formulate testable hypotheses, and select and use appropriate equipment and technology;

    (C) collect information by detailed observations and accurate measuring;

    (D) analyze and interpret information to construct reasonable explanations from direct (observable) and indirect (inferred) evidence;

    (E) demonstrate that repeated inv...
  325. element
    a substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances
    The student is expected to:

    (A) observe the way organisms live and survive in their ecosystem by interacting with the living and non-living elements;

    (B) describe how the flow of energy derived from the Sun, used by producers to create their own food, is transferred through a food chain and food web to consumers and decomposers;

    (C) predict the effects of changes in ecosystems caused by living organisms, including humans, such as the overpopulation of grazers or the building of ...
  326. solution
    a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances
    The student is expected to:

    (A) classify matter based on physical properties, including mass, magnetism, physical state (solid, liquid, and gas), relative density (sinking and floating), solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy or electric energy;

    (B) identify the boiling and freezing/melting points of water on the Celsius scale;

    (C) demonstrate that some mixtures maintain physical properties of their ingredients such as iron filings and sand; and

    (D)...
  327. sound
    mechanical vibrations transmitted by an elastic medium
    Students explore the uses of light, thermal, electrical, and sound energies.
  328. complete
    having all necessary qualities
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the uses of energy, including mechanical, light, thermal, electrical, and sound energy;

    (B) demonstrate that the flow of electricity in circuits requires a complete path through which an electric current can pass and can produce light, heat, and sound;

    (C) demonstrate that light travels in a straight line until it strikes an object or travels through one medium to another and demonstrate that light can be reflected such as the use of mirro...
  329. observed
    discovered or determined by scientific observation
    The student knows that energy occurs in many forms and can be observed in cycles, patterns, and systems.
  330. Texas
    the second largest state
    The student is expected to:

    (A) demonstrate safe practices and the use of safety equipment as described in the Texas Safety Standards during classroom and outdoor investigations; and

    (B) make informed choices in the conservation, disposal, and recycling of materials.
  331. maintain
    keep in a certain state, position, or activity
    The student is expected to:

    (A) classify matter based on physical properties, including mass, magnetism, physical state (solid, liquid, and gas), relative density (sinking and floating), solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy or electric energy;

    (B) identify the boiling and freezing/melting points of water on the Celsius scale;

    (C) demonstrate that some mixtures maintain physical properties of their ingredients such as iron filings and sand; a...
  332. space
    the unlimited expanse in which everything is located
    (7) Earth and space.
  333. on earth
    used with question words to convey surprise
    (B) Within the natural environment, students learn how changes occur on Earth's surface and that predictable patterns occur in the sky.
  334. net
    an open fabric of string or rope or wire woven together
    The student is expected to:

    (A) collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrarium...
  335. create
    bring into existence
    The student is expected to:

    (A) observe the way organisms live and survive in their ecosystem by interacting with the living and non-living elements;

    (B) describe how the flow of energy derived from the Sun, used by producers to create their own food, is transferred through a food chain and food web to consumers and decomposers;

    (C) predict the effects of changes in ecosystems caused by living organisms, including humans, such as the overpopulation of grazers or the building of ...
  336. climate
    the weather in some location averaged over a period of time
    The student is expected to:

    (A) differentiate between weather and climate;

    (B) explain how the Sun and the ocean interact in the water cycle;

    (C) demonstrate that Earth rotates on its axis once approximately every 24 hours causing the day/night cycle and the apparent movement of the Sun across the sky; and

    (D) identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.
  337. riding
    the sport of siting on the back of a horse while controlling its movements
    The student is expected to:

    (A) compare the structures and functions of different species that help them live and survive such as hooves on prairie animals or webbed feet in aquatic animals;

    (B) differentiate between inherited traits of plants and animals such as spines on a cactus or shape of a beak and learned behaviors such as an animal learning tricks or a child riding a bicycle; and

    (C) describe the differences between complete and incomplete metamorphosis of insects.
  338. elements
    violent or severe weather
    The student is expected to:

    (A) observe the way organisms live and survive in their ecosystem by interacting with the living and non-living elements;

    (B) describe how the flow of energy derived from the Sun, used by producers to create their own food, is transferred through a food chain and food web to consumers and decomposers;

    (C) predict the effects of changes in ecosystems caused by living organisms, including humans, such as the overpopulation of grazers or the building of ...
  339. apparent
    clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment
    The student is expected to:

    (A) differentiate between weather and climate;

    (B) explain how the Sun and the ocean interact in the water cycle;

    (C) demonstrate that Earth rotates on its axis once approximately every 24 hours causing the day/night cycle and the apparent movement of the Sun across the sky; and

    (D) identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.
  340. support
    the act of bearing the weight of or strengthening
    Students learn that life cycles occur in animals and plants and that the carbon dioxide-oxygen cycle occurs naturally to support the living environment.

    (b) Knowledge and skills.
  341. shape
    a perceptual structure
    The student is expected to:

    (A) compare the structures and functions of different species that help them live and survive such as hooves on prairie animals or webbed feet in aquatic animals;

    (B) differentiate between inherited traits of plants and animals such as spines on a cactus or shape of a beak and learned behaviors such as an animal learning tricks or a child riding a bicycle; and

    (C) describe the differences between complete and incomplete metamorphosis of insects.
  342. simple
    having few parts; not complex or complicated or involved
    The student is expected to:

    (A) describe, plan, and implement simple experimental investigations testing one variable;

    (B) ask well-defined questions, formulate testable hypotheses, and select and use appropriate equipment and technology;

    (C) collect information by detailed observations and accurate measuring;

    (D) analyze and interpret information to construct reasonable explanations from direct (observable) and indirect (inferred) evidence;

    (E) demonstrate that repeated inv...
  343. learned
    having or showing profound knowledge
    Students learn to differentiate between inherited traits and learned behaviors.
  344. solid
    not soft or yielding to pressure
    The student is expected to:

    (A) classify matter based on physical properties, including mass, magnetism, physical state (solid, liquid, and gas), relative density (sinking and floating), solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy or electric energy;

    (B) identify the boiling and freezing/melting points of water on the Celsius scale;

    (C) demonstrate that some mixtures maintain physical properties of their ingredients such as iron filings and sand; a...
  345. related
    connected logically or causally or by shared characteristics
    The student is expected to:

    (A) in all fields of science, analyze, evaluate, and critique scientific explanations by using empirical evidence, logical reasoning, and experimental and observational testing, including examining all sides of scientific evidence of those scientific explanations, so as to encourage critical thinking by the student;

    (B) evaluate the accuracy of the information related to promotional materials for products and services such as nutritional labels;

    (C) d...
  346. skill
    an ability that has been acquired by training
    Students learn that life cycles occur in animals and plants and that the carbon dioxide-oxygen cycle occurs naturally to support the living environment.

    (b) Knowledge and skills.
  347. stick
    a long thin implement resembling a length of wood
    The student is expected to:

    (A) collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrarium...
  348. require
    have need of
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the uses of energy, including mechanical, light, thermal, electrical, and sound energy;

    (B) demonstrate that the flow of electricity in circuits requires a complete path through which an electric current can pass and can produce light, heat, and sound;

    (C) demonstrate that light travels in a straight line until it strikes an object or travels through one medium to another and demonstrate that light can be reflected such as the use of mirro...
  349. plan
    a series of steps to be carried out or goals to be achieved
    (3) The study of elementary science includes planning and safely implementing classroom and outdoor investigations using scientific processes, including inquiry methods, analyzing information, making informed decisions, and using tools to collect and record information, while addressing the major concepts and vocabulary, in the context of physical, earth, and life sciences.
  350. discovery
    the act of finding something
    They have limitations and based on new discoveries are constantly being modified to more closely reflect the natural world.
  351. thinking
    endowed with the capacity to reason
    The student uses critical thinking and scientific problem solving to make informed decisions.
  352. works
    performance of moral or religious acts
    The student is expected to:

    (A) in all fields of science, analyze, evaluate, and critique scientific explanations by using empirical evidence, logical reasoning, and experimental and observational testing, including examining all sides of scientific evidence of those scientific explanations, so as to encourage critical thinking by the student;

    (B) evaluate the accuracy of the information related to promotional materials for products and services such as nutritional labels;

    (C) draw or ...
  353. variety
    a category of things distinguished by a common quality
    The student knows how to use a variety of tools and methods to conduct science inquiry.
  354. rock
    material consisting of the aggregate of minerals
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the processes that led to the formation of sedimentary rocks and fossil fuels;

    (B) recognize how landforms such as deltas, canyons, and sand dunes are the result of changes to Earth's surface by wind, water, and ice;

    (C) identify alternative energy resources such as wind, solar, hydroelectric, geothermal, and biofuels; and

    (D) identify fossils as evidence of past living organisms and the nature of the environments at the time using models.
  355. gas
    state of matter distinguished from solid and liquid states
    The student is expected to:

    (A) classify matter based on physical properties, including mass, magnetism, physical state (solid, liquid, and gas), relative density (sinking and floating), solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy or electric energy;

    (B) identify the boiling and freezing/melting points of water on the Celsius scale;

    (C) demonstrate that some mixtures maintain physical properties of their ingredients such as iron filings and sand; a...
  356. standard
    a basis for comparison
    The student is expected to:

    (A) demonstrate safe practices and the use of safety equipment as described in the Texas Safety Standards during classroom and outdoor investigations; and

    (B) make informed choices in the conservation, disposal, and recycling of materials.
  357. result
    something that follows as a consequence
    The student is expected to:

    (A) describe, plan, and implement simple experimental investigations testing one variable;

    (B) ask well-defined questions, formulate testable hypotheses, and select and use appropriate equipment and technology;

    (C) collect information by detailed observations and accurate measuring;

    (D) analyze and interpret information to construct reasonable explanations from direct (observable) and indirect (inferred) evidence;

    (E) demonstrate that repeated investigat...
  358. effects
    property of a personal character that is portable
    The student is expected to:

    (A) observe the way organisms live and survive in their ecosystem by interacting with the living and non-living elements;

    (B) describe how the flow of energy derived from the Sun, used by producers to create their own food, is transferred through a food chain and food web to consumers and decomposers;

    (C) predict the effects of changes in ecosystems caused by living organisms, including humans, such as the overpopulation of grazers or the building of ...
  359. can
    airtight sealed metal container for food or drink, etc.
    Students should understand that certain types of questions can be answered by investigations and that methods, models, and conclusions built from these investigations change as new observations are made.
  360. learning
    the cognitive process of acquiring skill or knowledge
    The student is expected to:

    (A) compare the structures and functions of different species that help them live and survive such as hooves on prairie animals or webbed feet in aquatic animals;

    (B) differentiate between inherited traits of plants and animals such as spines on a cactus or shape of a beak and learned behaviors such as an animal learning tricks or a child riding a bicycle; and

    (C) describe the differences between complete and incomplete metamorphosis of insects.
  361. wind
    air moving from high pressure to low pressure
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the processes that led to the formation of sedimentary rocks and fossil fuels;

    (B) recognize how landforms such as deltas, canyons, and sand dunes are the result of changes to Earth's surface by wind, water, and ice;

    (C) identify alternative energy resources such as wind, solar, hydroelectric, geothermal, and biofuels; and

    (D) identify fossils as evidence of past living organisms and the nature of the environments at the time using models.
  362. machine
    a mechanical or electrical device that transmits energy
    The student is expected to:

    (A) in all fields of science, analyze, evaluate, and critique scientific explanations by using empirical evidence, logical reasoning, and experimental and observational testing, including examining all sides of scientific evidence of those scientific explanations, so as to encourage critical thinking by the student;

    (B) evaluate the accuracy of the information related to promotional materials for products and services such as nutritional labels;

    (C) draw or ...
  363. design
    the act of working out the form of something
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the uses of energy, including mechanical, light, thermal, electrical, and sound energy;

    (B) demonstrate that the flow of electricity in circuits requires a complete path through which an electric current can pass and can produce light, heat, and sound;

    (C) demonstrate that light travels in a straight line until it strikes an object or travels through one medium to another and demonstrate that light can be reflected such as the use of mirrors or o...
  364. mass
    the property of a body that causes it to have weight
    The student is expected to:

    (A) classify matter based on physical properties, including mass, magnetism, physical state (solid, liquid, and gas), relative density (sinking and floating), solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy or electric energy;

    (B) identify the boiling and freezing/melting points of water on the Celsius scale;

    (C) demonstrate that some mixtures maintain physical properties of their ingredients such as iron filings and sand; a...
  365. build
    make by combining materials and parts
    The student is expected to:

    (A) observe the way organisms live and survive in their ecosystem by interacting with the living and non-living elements;

    (B) describe how the flow of energy derived from the Sun, used by producers to create their own food, is transferred through a food chain and food web to consumers and decomposers;

    (C) predict the effects of changes in ecosystems caused by living organisms, including humans, such as the overpopulation of grazers or the building of ...
  366. useful
    having a helpful function
    The student knows Earth's surface is constantly changing and consists of useful resources.
  367. understanding
    the condition of someone who knows and comprehends
    Models of objects and events are tools for understanding the natural world and can show how systems work.
  368. motion
    the act of changing location from one place to another
    (6) Force, motion, and energy.
  369. closely
    in a close relation or position in time or space
    They have limitations and based on new discoveries are constantly being modified to more closely reflect the natural world.
  370. source
    the place where something begins
    Students learn that the natural world consists of resources, including nonrenewable, renewable, and alternative energy sources.
  371. knowledge
    the result of perception, learning, and reasoning
    (1) Science, as defined by the National Academy of Sciences, is the "use of evidence to construct testable explanations and predictions of natural phenomena, as well as the knowledge generated through this process."
  372. major
    greater in scope or effect
    (3) The study of elementary science includes planning and safely implementing classroom and outdoor investigations using scientific processes, including inquiry methods, analyzing information, making informed decisions, and using tools to collect and record information, while addressing the major concepts and vocabulary, in the context of physical, earth, and life sciences.
  373. know
    be cognizant or aware of a fact or a piece of information
    The student knows how to use a variety of tools and methods to conduct science inquiry.
  374. ocean
    a large body of water that is part of the hydrosphere
    The student is expected to:

    (A) differentiate between weather and climate;

    (B) explain how the Sun and the ocean interact in the water cycle;

    (C) demonstrate that Earth rotates on its axis once approximately every 24 hours causing the day/night cycle and the apparent movement of the Sun across the sky; and

    (D) identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.
  375. effect
    a phenomenon that is caused by some previous phenomenon
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the uses of energy, including mechanical, light, thermal, electrical, and sound energy;

    (B) demonstrate that the flow of electricity in circuits requires a complete path through which an electric current can pass and can produce light, heat, and sound;

    (C) demonstrate that light travels in a straight line until it strikes an object or travels through one medium to another and demonstrate that light can be reflected such as the use of mirrors or o...
  376. district
    a region marked off for administrative or other purposes
    Districts are encouraged to facilitate classroom and outdoor investigations for at least 50% of instructional time.
  377. explain
    make plain and comprehensible
    The student is expected to:

    (A) differentiate between weather and climate;

    (B) explain how the Sun and the ocean interact in the water cycle;

    (C) demonstrate that Earth rotates on its axis once approximately every 24 hours causing the day/night cycle and the apparent movement of the Sun across the sky; and

    (D) identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.
  378. choice
    the act of selecting
    The student is expected to:

    (A) demonstrate safe practices and the use of safety equipment as described in the Texas Safety Standards during classroom and outdoor investigations; and

    (B) make informed choices in the conservation, disposal, and recycling of materials.
  379. strike
    deliver a sharp blow, as with the hand, fist, or weapon
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the uses of energy, including mechanical, light, thermal, electrical, and sound energy;

    (B) demonstrate that the flow of electricity in circuits requires a complete path through which an electric current can pass and can produce light, heat, and sound;

    (C) demonstrate that light travels in a straight line until it strikes an object or travels through one medium to another and demonstrate that light can be reflected such as the use of mirro...
  380. type
    a subdivision of a particular kind of thing
    Students should understand that certain types of questions can be answered by investigations and that methods, models, and conclusions built from these investigations change as new observations are made.
  381. ride
    sit and travel on the back of animal, usually while controlling its motions
    The student is expected to:

    (A) compare the structures and functions of different species that help them live and survive such as hooves on prairie animals or webbed feet in aquatic animals;

    (B) differentiate between inherited traits of plants and animals such as spines on a cactus or shape of a beak and learned behaviors such as an animal learning tricks or a child riding a bicycle; and

    (C) describe the differences between complete and incomplete metamorphosis of insects.
  382. add
    join or combine or unite with others
    The student is expected to:

    (A) classify matter based on physical properties, including mass, magnetism, physical state (solid, liquid, and gas), relative density (sinking and floating), solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy or electric energy;

    (B) identify the boiling and freezing/melting points of water on the Celsius scale;

    (C) demonstrate that some mixtures maintain physical properties of their ingredients such as iron filings and sand; and

    (D)...
  383. event
    something that happens at a given place and time
    Models of objects and events are tools for understanding the natural world and can show how systems work.
  384. used
    previously owned by another
    (4) In Grade 5, investigations are used to learn about the natural world.
  385. world
    the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on
    (4) In Grade 5, investigations are used to learn about the natural world.
  386. produce
    bring forth or yield
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the uses of energy, including mechanical, light, thermal, electrical, and sound energy;

    (B) demonstrate that the flow of electricity in circuits requires a complete path through which an electric current can pass and can produce light, heat, and sound;

    (C) demonstrate that light travels in a straight line until it strikes an object or travels through one medium to another and demonstrate that light can be reflected such as the use of mirro...
  387. understand
    know and comprehend the nature or meaning of
    Students should understand that certain types of questions can be answered by investigations and that methods, models, and conclusions built from these investigations change as new observations are made.
  388. naturally
    in a natural or normal manner
    Students learn that life cycles occur in animals and plants and that the carbon dioxide-oxygen cycle occurs naturally to support the living environment.

    (b) Knowledge and skills.
  389. career
    the particular occupation for which you are trained
    The student is expected to:

    (A) in all fields of science, analyze, evaluate, and critique scientific explanations by using empirical evidence, logical reasoning, and experimental and observational testing, including examining all sides of scientific evidence of those scientific explanations, so as to encourage critical thinking by the student;

    (B) evaluate the accuracy of the information related to promotional materials for products and services such as nutritional labels;

    (C) draw or ...
  390. direct
    proceeding without interruption
    The student is expected to:

    (A) describe, plan, and implement simple experimental investigations testing one variable;

    (B) ask well-defined questions, formulate testable hypotheses, and select and use appropriate equipment and technology;

    (C) collect information by detailed observations and accurate measuring;

    (D) analyze and interpret information to construct reasonable explanations from direct (observable) and indirect (inferred) evidence;

    (E) demonstrate that repeated inv...
  391. between
    in the interval
    Students learn to differentiate between inherited traits and learned behaviors.
  392. draw
    cause to move by pulling
    The student is expected to:

    (A) in all fields of science, analyze, evaluate, and critique scientific explanations by using empirical evidence, logical reasoning, and experimental and observational testing, including examining all sides of scientific evidence of those scientific explanations, so as to encourage critical thinking by the student;

    (B) evaluate the accuracy of the information related to promotional materials for products and services such as nutritional labels;

    (C) draw<...
  393. cause
    events that provide the generative force of something
    The student is expected to:

    (A) differentiate between weather and climate;

    (B) explain how the Sun and the ocean interact in the water cycle;

    (C) demonstrate that Earth rotates on its axis once approximately every 24 hours causing the day/night cycle and the apparent movement of the Sun across the sky; and

    (D) identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.
  394. path
    an established line of travel or access
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the uses of energy, including mechanical, light, thermal, electrical, and sound energy;

    (B) demonstrate that the flow of electricity in circuits requires a complete path through which an electric current can pass and can produce light, heat, and sound;

    (C) demonstrate that light travels in a straight line until it strikes an object or travels through one medium to another and demonstrate that light can be reflected such as the use of mirro...
  395. problem
    a question raised for consideration or solution
    The student uses critical thinking and scientific problem solving to make informed decisions.
  396. level
    a relative position or degree of value in a graded group
    The student is expected to:

    (A) in all fields of science, analyze, evaluate, and critique scientific explanations by using empirical evidence, logical reasoning, and experimental and observational testing, including examining all sides of scientific evidence of those scientific explanations, so as to encourage critical thinking by the student;

    (B) evaluate the accuracy of the information related to promotional materials for products and services such as nutritional labels;

    (C) draw or ...
  397. force
    influence that results in motion, stress, etc. when applied
    (6) Force, motion, and energy.
  398. increase
    a process of becoming larger or longer or more numerous
    The student is expected to:

    (A) describe, plan, and implement simple experimental investigations testing one variable;

    (B) ask well-defined questions, formulate testable hypotheses, and select and use appropriate equipment and technology;

    (C) collect information by detailed observations and accurate measuring;

    (D) analyze and interpret information to construct reasonable explanations from direct (observable) and indirect (inferred) evidence;

    (E) demonstrate that repeated investigat...
  399. current
    occurring in or belonging to the present time
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the uses of energy, including mechanical, light, thermal, electrical, and sound energy;

    (B) demonstrate that the flow of electricity in circuits requires a complete path through which an electric current can pass and can produce light, heat, and sound;

    (C) demonstrate that light travels in a straight line until it strikes an object or travels through one medium to another and demonstrate that light can be reflected such as the use of mirro...
  400. described
    represented in words especially with sharpness and detail
    The student is expected to:

    (A) demonstrate safe practices and the use of safety equipment as described in the Texas Safety Standards during classroom and outdoor investigations; and

    (B) make informed choices in the conservation, disposal, and recycling of materials.
  401. measure
    determine the dimensions of something or somebody
    The student is expected to:

    (A) describe, plan, and implement simple experimental investigations testing one variable;

    (B) ask well-defined questions, formulate testable hypotheses, and select and use appropriate equipment and technology;

    (C) collect information by detailed observations and accurate measuring;

    (D) analyze and interpret information to construct reasonable explanations from direct (observable) and indirect (inferred) evidence;

    (E) demonstrate that repeated inv...
  402. weather
    atmospheric conditions such as temperature and precipitation
    The student is expected to:

    (A) differentiate between weather and climate;

    (B) explain how the Sun and the ocean interact in the water cycle;

    (C) demonstrate that Earth rotates on its axis once approximately every 24 hours causing the day/night cycle and the apparent movement of the Sun across the sky; and

    (D) identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.
  403. state
    the way something is with respect to its main attributes
    (A) Within the physical environment, students learn about the physical properties of matter, including magnetism, physical states of matter, relative density, solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate electrical and heat energy.
  404. address
    the place where a person or organization can be found
    (3) The study of elementary science includes planning and safely implementing classroom and outdoor investigations using scientific processes, including inquiry methods, analyzing information, making informed decisions, and using tools to collect and record information, while addressing the major concepts and vocabulary, in the context of physical, earth, and life sciences.
  405. member
    anything that belongs to a set or class
    (C) Within the living environment, students learn that structure and function of organisms can improve the survival of members of a species.
  406. repeated
    recurring again and again
    The student is expected to:

    (A) describe, plan, and implement simple experimental investigations testing one variable;

    (B) ask well-defined questions, formulate testable hypotheses, and select and use appropriate equipment and technology;

    (C) collect information by detailed observations and accurate measuring;

    (D) analyze and interpret information to construct reasonable explanations from direct (observable) and indirect (inferred) evidence;

    (E) demonstrate that repeated inv...
  407. services
    performance of duties or provision of space and equipment helpful to others
    The student is expected to:

    (A) in all fields of science, analyze, evaluate, and critique scientific explanations by using empirical evidence, logical reasoning, and experimental and observational testing, including examining all sides of scientific evidence of those scientific explanations, so as to encourage critical thinking by the student;

    (B) evaluate the accuracy of the information related to promotional materials for products and services such as nutritional labels;

    (C) d...
  408. through
    having finished or arrived at completion
    (1) Science, as defined by the National Academy of Sciences, is the "use of evidence to construct testable explanations and predictions of natural phenomena, as well as the knowledge generated through this process."
  409. difference
    the quality of being unlike or dissimilar
    The student is expected to:

    (A) compare the structures and functions of different species that help them live and survive such as hooves on prairie animals or webbed feet in aquatic animals;

    (B) differentiate between inherited traits of plants and animals such as spines on a cactus or shape of a beak and learned behaviors such as an animal learning tricks or a child riding a bicycle; and

    (C) describe the differences between complete and incomplete metamorphosis of insects.
  410. iron
    a heavy ductile magnetic metallic element
    The student is expected to:

    (A) classify matter based on physical properties, including mass, magnetism, physical state (solid, liquid, and gas), relative density (sinking and floating), solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy or electric energy;

    (B) identify the boiling and freezing/melting points of water on the Celsius scale;

    (C) demonstrate that some mixtures maintain physical properties of their ingredients such as iron filings and sand; a...
  411. question
    a sentence of inquiry that asks for a reply
    Students should understand that certain types of questions can be answered by investigations and that methods, models, and conclusions built from these investigations change as new observations are made.
  412. safe
    free from danger or the risk of harm
    The student is expected to:

    (A) demonstrate safe practices and the use of safety equipment as described in the Texas Safety Standards during classroom and outdoor investigations; and

    (B) make informed choices in the conservation, disposal, and recycling of materials.
  413. movement
    change of position that does not entail a change of location
    The student is expected to:

    (A) differentiate between weather and climate;

    (B) explain how the Sun and the ocean interact in the water cycle;

    (C) demonstrate that Earth rotates on its axis once approximately every 24 hours causing the day/night cycle and the apparent movement of the Sun across the sky; and

    (D) identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.
  414. form
    a perceptual structure
    The student is expected to:

    (A) describe, plan, and implement simple experimental investigations testing one variable;

    (B) ask well-defined questions, formulate testable hypotheses, and select and use appropriate equipment and technology;

    (C) collect information by detailed observations and accurate measuring;

    (D) analyze and interpret information to construct reasonable explanations from direct (observable) and indirect (inferred) evidence;

    (E) demonstrate that repeated investigat...
  415. earth
    the third planet from the sun
    (3) The study of elementary science includes planning and safely implementing classroom and outdoor investigations using scientific processes, including inquiry methods, analyzing information, making informed decisions, and using tools to collect and record information, while addressing the major concepts and vocabulary, in the context of physical, earth, and life sciences.
  416. similar
    having the same or nearly the same characteristics
    The student knows that organisms undergo similar life processes and have structures that help them survive within their environments.
  417. built
    having a substance added to increase effectiveness
    Students should understand that certain types of questions can be answered by investigations and that methods, models, and conclusions built from these investigations change as new observations are made.
  418. changed
    made or become different in nature or form
    The student knows that matter has measurable physical properties and those properties determine how matter is classified, changed, and used.
  419. straight
    having no deviations
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the uses of energy, including mechanical, light, thermal, electrical, and sound energy;

    (B) demonstrate that the flow of electricity in circuits requires a complete path through which an electric current can pass and can produce light, heat, and sound;

    (C) demonstrate that light travels in a straight line until it strikes an object or travels through one medium to another and demonstrate that light can be reflected such as the use of mirro...
  420. building
    the act of constructing something
    The student is expected to:

    (A) observe the way organisms live and survive in their ecosystem by interacting with the living and non-living elements;

    (B) describe how the flow of energy derived from the Sun, used by producers to create their own food, is transferred through a food chain and food web to consumers and decomposers;

    (C) predict the effects of changes in ecosystems caused by living organisms, including humans, such as the overpopulation of grazers or the building of ...
  421. spring
    move forward by leaps and bounds
    The student is expected to:

    (A) collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrarium...
  422. appearance
    outward or visible aspect of a person or thing
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the uses of energy, including mechanical, light, thermal, electrical, and sound energy;

    (B) demonstrate that the flow of electricity in circuits requires a complete path through which an electric current can pass and can produce light, heat, and sound;

    (C) demonstrate that light travels in a straight line until it strikes an object or travels through one medium to another and demonstrate that light can be reflected such as the use of mirrors or o...
  423. lead
    take somebody somewhere
    The student is expected to:

    (A) explore the processes that led to the formation of sedimentary rocks and fossil fuels;

    (B) recognize how landforms such as deltas, canyons, and sand dunes are the result of changes to Earth's surface by wind, water, and ice;

    (C) identify alternative energy resources such as wind, solar, hydroelectric, geothermal, and biofuels; and

    (D) identify fossils as evidence of past living organisms and the nature of the environments at the time using models.
  424. used to
    in the habit
    (4) In Grade 5, investigations are used to learn about the natural world.
  425. field
    extensive tract of level open land
    The student is expected to:

    (A) in all fields of science, analyze, evaluate, and critique scientific explanations by using empirical evidence, logical reasoning, and experimental and observational testing, including examining all sides of scientific evidence of those scientific explanations, so as to encourage critical thinking by the student;

    (B) evaluate the accuracy of the information related to promotional materials for products and services such as nutritional labels;

    (C) d...
Created on Fri Oct 21 10:56:27 EDT 2011

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