- Types:
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atmosphere
the envelope of gases surrounding any celestial body
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argonon, inert gas, noble gas
any of the chemically inert gaseous elements of the helium group in the periodic table
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Cl, atomic number 17, chlorine
a common nonmetallic element belonging to the halogens; best known as a heavy yellow irritating toxic gas; used to purify water and as a bleaching agent and disinfectant; occurs naturally only as a salt (as in sea water)
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F, atomic number 9, fluorine
a nonmetallic univalent element belonging to the halogens; usually a yellow irritating toxic flammable gas; a powerful oxidizing agent; recovered from fluorite or cryolite or fluorapatite
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H, atomic number 1, hydrogen
a nonmetallic univalent element that is normally a colorless and odorless highly flammable diatomic gas; the simplest and lightest and most abundant element in the universe
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N, atomic number 7, nitrogen
a common nonmetallic element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless inert diatomic gas; constitutes 78 percent of the atmosphere by volume; a constituent of all living tissues
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O, atomic number 8, oxygen
a nonmetallic bivalent element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless nonflammable diatomic gas; constitutes 21 percent of the atmosphere by volume; the most abundant element in the earth's crust
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butane
occurs in natural gas; used in the manufacture of rubber and fuels
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propane
colorless gas found in natural gas and petroleum; used as a fuel
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afterdamp
a toxic mixture of gases (including carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide and nitrogen) after an explosion of firedamp in a mine
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firedamp
a mixture of gases (mostly methane) that form in coal mines and become explosive when mixed with air
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arsine
a poisonous colorless flammable gas used in organic synthesis and to dope transistors and as a poison gas in warfare
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nitrogen dioxide
a highly poisonous brown gas (NO2)
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nitric oxide
a poisonous red-brown gas (NO)
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blow gas, blowing gas
the gas leaving a generator during a blow period
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butene, butylene
any of three isomeric hydrocarbons C4H8; all used in making synthetic rubbers
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cyanogen
a colorless toxic gas with a pungent almond odor; has been used in chemical warfare
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exhaust, exhaust fumes, fumes
gases ejected from an engine as waste products
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air
a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of
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compressed gas
gas at a high pressure that can be used as a propellant
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ethene, ethylene
a flammable colorless gaseous alkene; obtained from petroleum and natural gas and used in manufacturing many other chemicals; sometimes used as an anesthetic
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air gas, producer gas
a gas made of carbon monoxide and hydrogen and nitrogen; made by passing air over hot coke
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formaldehyde, methanal
a colorless poisonous gas; made by the oxidation of methanol
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greenhouse emission, greenhouse gas
a gas that contributes to the greenhouse effect by absorbing infrared radiation
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bottled gas, liquefied petroleum gas
hydrocarbon gases, usually propane or butane, kept under pressure
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water gas
a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide with small amounts of other gases; made by blowing steam over hot coke or coal
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ideal gas, perfect gas
a hypothetical gas with molecules of negligible size that exert no intermolecular forces
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inhalant
something that is inhaled
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methane
a colorless odorless gas used as a fuel
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ozone
a colorless gas (O3) soluble in alkalis and cold water; a strong oxidizing agent; can be produced by electric discharge in oxygen or by the action of ultraviolet radiation on oxygen in the stratosphere (where it acts as a screen for ultraviolet radiation)
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phosgene
a colorless poisonous gas that smells like new-mown hay; used in chemical warfare
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phosphine
a colorless gas with a strong fishy smell; used as a pesticide
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poison gas
a gas that is poisonous to breath or contact; used in chemical warfare
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propene, propylene
a flammable gas obtained by cracking petroleum; used in organic synthesis
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mephitis
a poisonous or foul smelling gas emitted from the earth
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sewer gas
foul-smelling gas that forms in sewers
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sublimate
the product of vaporization of a solid
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sulfur dioxide, sulphur dioxide
a colorless toxic gas (SO2) that occurs in the gases from volcanoes; used in many manufacturing processes and present in industrial emissions; causes acid rain
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lachrymator, lacrimator, tear gas, teargas
a gas that makes the eyes fill with tears but does not damage them; used in dispersing crowds
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sky
the atmosphere and outer space as viewed from the earth
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CFC, chlorofluorocarbon
a fluorocarbon with chlorine; formerly used as a refrigerant and as a propellant in aerosol cans
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CS gas, chlorobenzylidenemalononitrile
a tear gas that is stronger than CN gas but wears off faster; can be deployed by grenades or cluster bombs; can cause skin burns and fatal pulmonary edema
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CN gas, chloroacetophenone
a tear gas that is weaker than CS gas but lasts longer
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tritium
a radioactive isotope of hydrogen; atoms of tritium have three times the mass of ordinary hydrogen atoms
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Ar, argon, atomic number 18
a colorless and odorless inert gas; one of the six inert gases; comprises approximately 1% of the earth's atmosphere
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radiochlorine
a radioactive isotope of chlorine
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He, atomic number 2, helium
a very light colorless element that is one of the six inert gasses; the most difficult gas to liquefy; occurs in economically extractable amounts in certain natural gases (as those found in Texas and Kansas)
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Kr, atomic number 36, krypton
a colorless element that is one of the six inert gasses; occurs in trace amounts in air
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Ne, atomic number 10, neon
a colorless odorless gaseous element that give a red glow in a vacuum tube; one of the six inert gasses; occurs in the air in small amounts
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azote
an obsolete name for nitrogen
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LOX, liquid oxygen
a bluish translucent magnetic liquid obtained by compressing gaseous oxygen and then cooling it below its boiling point; used as an oxidizer in rocket propellants
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Rn, atomic number 86, radon
a radioactive gaseous element formed by the disintegration of radium; the heaviest of the inert gasses; occurs naturally (especially in areas over granite) and is considered a hazard to health
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Xe, atomic number 54, xenon
a colorless odorless inert gaseous element occurring in the earth's atmosphere in trace amounts
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isobutylene
used also in making gasoline components
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polybutene, polybutylene
a polymer of butylene; used in lubricants and synthetic rubber
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CO2, carbon dioxide, carbonic acid gas
a heavy odorless colorless gas formed during respiration and by the decomposition of organic substances; absorbed from the air by plants in photosynthesis
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nitrochloromethane
gaseous form of chloropicrin used as tear gas
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breath
the air that is inhaled and exhaled in respiration
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hot air
air that has been heated and tends to rise
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compressed air
air at a pressure greater than that of the atmosphere
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TCE, trichloroethane, trichloroethylene
a heavy colorless highly toxic liquid used as a solvent to clean electronic components and for dry cleaning and as a fumigant; causes cancer and liver and lung damage
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HFC, hydrofluorocarbon
a fluorocarbon emitted as a by-product of industrial manufacturing
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liquid nitrogen
nitrogen in a liquid state
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liquid air
air in a liquid state
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marsh gas
methane gas produced when vegetation decomposes in water
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bichloride of mercury, corrosive sublimate, mercuric chloride, mercury chloride
a white poisonous soluble crystalline sublimate of mercury; used as a pesticide or antiseptic or wood preservative
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blistering agent, dichloroethyl sulfide, mustard agent, mustard gas, sulfur mustard
a toxic war gas with sulfide based compounds that raises blisters and attacks the eyes and lungs; there is no known antidote
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nerve agent, nerve gas
a toxic gas that is inhaled or absorbed through the skin and has harmful effects on the nervous and respiratory system
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PFC, perfluorocarbon
a powerful greenhouse gas emitted during the production of aluminum
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sulfur hexafluoride, sulphur hexafluoride
a colorless gas that is soluble in alcohol and ether; a powerful greenhouse gas widely used in the electrical utility industry