Cultural minorities in the Netherlands

David D. (Netherlands)
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  1. Frisian
    of or relating to the people or culture or language of Friesland or Frisia
    The Frisians

    The only official minority group in the Netherlands is the Frisian minority.
  2. cultural
    relating to the shared knowledge and values of a society
    Cultural minorities, groups and communities
    In February 2008, the Netherlands had a population of just over 16.4 million.
  3. subsidise
    support through subsidies
    All museums in the country, and thus not only museums subsidised by the Ministry (about 30), will be eligible for grants from this budget.
  4. ethnic minority
    a group that has different national or cultural traditions from the majority of the population
    The main target group of Dutch museums is comprised of young people and ethnic minorities.
  5. immigrant
    a person who comes to a country in order to settle there
    Immigrants

    Like many other countries in Western Europe, the Netherlands are, in effect, an "immigration country".
  6. diversity
    noticeable variety
    While there is no specific legislation covering these immigrant groups, the cultural policy document 2001-2004, entitled Make Way for Cultural Diversity [Ruim baan voor culturele diversiteit], gave special attention to the issue of cultural diversity.
  7. minority
    being or relating to the smaller in number of two parts
    Cultural minorities, groups and communities
    In February 2008, the Netherlands had a population of just over 16.4 million.
  8. social insurance
    government provision for unemployed, injured, or aged people
    The Dutch Constitution [Grondwet] provides the legal basis for the civil rights of immigrants (e.g. citizenship, education, health, social insurance etc.) and for their cultural rights (e.g. to participate in cultural life, to protect and develop cultural and linguistic identities, to create, etc.).
  9. country of origin
    the country where you were born
    Over the past 40 years, the number of immigrant nationalities has increased considerably, with Turkey and Morocco as the main countries of origin.
  10. subsidised
    having partial financial support from public funds
    All museums in the country, and thus not only museums subsidised by the Ministry (about 30), will be eligible for grants from this budget.
  11. Dutch East Indies
    a republic in southeastern Asia on an archipelago including more than 13,000 islands; achieved independence from the Netherlands in 1945; the principal oil producer in the Far East and Pacific regions
    This trend began soon after World War II, with a wave of immigrants from the former Dutch East Indies, now Indonesia.
  12. inter alia
    among other things
    Additional funding will be available for specific activities of the museums aiming at, inter alia, increasing participation of target groups (youth, ethnic minorities), upkeep and presentation of the cultural heritage of minorities and heritage education programmes for school children.
  13. The Hague
    the site of the royal residence and the de facto capital in the western part of the Netherlands; seat of the International Court of Justice
    FunX is broadcast to the 4 large cities (Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague and Utrecht), which together contribute 50% of the costs.
  14. multicultural
    relating to or including diverse nationalities or customs
    Minorities, groups and communities in the media

    In the field of media, diversity has been ensured by the establishment of the production company MTNL (Multicultural Television in the Netherlands (http://www.mtnl.nl) and the radio station FunX (http://www.funx.nl), the municipal public channel for urban youth with a dual cultural background.
  15. performing arts
    arts or skills that require public performance
    Minorities, groups and communities in the arts and cultural heritage sectors

    There has been a strengthening of production houses and ateliers in the performing arts and of presentation venues in the visual arts for primarily young artists.
  16. crown jewels
    regalia worn by a sovereign on state occasions
    The first festival, Crown Jewels [Kroonjuwelen], was organised in The Hague in July 2007.
  17. culture
    all the knowledge and values shared by a society
    In March 2005, the Minister of Interior and Kingdom Relations signed a covenant on the Frisian Language and Culture.
  18. participation
    the act of sharing in the activities of a group
    In his policy paper Art for Life's Sake [Kunst van leven, 2007], Minister of Culture Ronald Plasterk announced that long term subsidies will be available for arts projects targeted at "culturally diverse" audiences, especially within the framework of the Kosmopolis (see the paragraph Strategies e.g. citizenship participation below, and also chapter 4.2.3).
  19. dual
    consisting of two parts or components, usually in pairs
    Minorities, groups and communities in the media

    In the field of media, diversity has been ensured by the establishment of the production company MTNL (Multicultural Television in the Netherlands (http://www.mtnl.nl) and the radio station FunX (http://www.funx.nl), the municipal public channel for urban youth with a dual cultural background.
  20. museum
    a building for collecting and displaying valuable objects
    The main target group of Dutch museums is comprised of young people and ethnic minorities.
  21. amenities
    things that make you comfortable and at ease
    This covenant includes agreements concerning education in the Frisian language; the use of Frisian by the judiciary, in the courts and in public administration, in the media and for cultural activities and amenities; as well as the use of Frisian in economic and social life (see also chapter 4.2.2).
  22. outreach
    the act of reaching out
    In this way, the Minister responded to the Cultural Outreach Committee's [Commissie Cultuurbereik] recommendation to devote more attention to diversity (for other points in the 10 point cultural participation plan, see chapter 4.2.3, chapter 8.2.2, chapter 8.3.1 and chapter 8.4.1).
  23. heritage
    that which is inherited
    There is a range of targeted measures and support programmes for immigrants from these groups in different arts, media and heritage fields.
  24. amenity
    something that provides value, pleasure, or convenience
    This covenant includes agreements concerning education in the Frisian language; the use of Frisian by the judiciary, in the courts and in public administration, in the media and for cultural activities and amenities; as well as the use of Frisian in economic and social life (see also chapter 4.2.2).
  25. upkeep
    the activity of maintaining something in good working order
    Additional funding will be available for specific activities of the museums aiming at, inter alia, increasing participation of target groups (youth, ethnic minorities), upkeep and presentation of the cultural heritage of minorities and heritage education programmes for school children.
  26. atelier
    a studio especially for an artist or designer
    Minorities, groups and communities in the arts and cultural heritage sectors

    There has been a strengthening of production houses and ateliers in the performing arts and of presentation venues in the visual arts for primarily young artists.
  27. urban area
    a geographical area constituting a city or town
    Kosmopolis is part of the 10 point cultural participation plan Minister of Culture Ronald Plasterk introduced in his policy memorandum Art for Life's Sake [Kunst van leven, 2007] and needs to be seen in the context of providing more long-term funding for art and culture projects that appeal to a broader public, and boosting the cultural dialogue in urban areas.
  28. culturally
    with regard to a culture
    In his policy paper Art for Life's Sake [Kunst van leven, 2007], Minister of Culture Ronald Plasterk announced that long term subsidies will be available for arts projects targeted at "culturally diverse" audiences, especially within the framework of the Kosmopolis (see the paragraph Strategies e.g. citizenship participation below, and also chapter 4.2.3).
  29. group
    any number of entities (members) considered as a unit
    Cultural minorities, groups and communities
    In February 2008, the Netherlands had a population of just over 16.4 million.
  30. citizenship
    membership in a state with rights and duties
    The Dutch Constitution [Grondwet] provides the legal basis for the civil rights of immigrants (e.g. citizenship, education, health, social insurance etc.) and for their cultural rights (e.g. to participate in cultural life, to protect and develop cultural and linguistic identities, to create, etc.).
  31. e.g.
    as an example
    In his policy paper Art for Life's Sake [Kunst van leven, 2007], Minister of Culture Ronald Plasterk announced that long term subsidies will be available for arts projects targeted at "culturally diverse" audiences, especially within the framework of the Kosmopolis (see the paragraph Strategies e.g. citizenship participation below, and also chapter 4.2.3).
  32. age group
    a group of people having approximately the same age
    The population is aging, with approximately 14% in the over-65 age group.
  33. ethnic
    distinctive of the ways of living of a group of people
    Table 2: Immigrants in the Netherlands by ethnic group, 2008

    Immigrant Groups
    Total immigrants
    % of total population
    Morocco
    335 208
    2.0
  34. mainstream
    the prevailing current of thought
    An assessment of media policy with regard to cultural diversity - From Margin to Mainstream [Van marge naar mainstream, Andra Leurdijk] was published in 2008.
  35. introduce
    bring something new to an environment
    In this context, the Netherlands Museum Association [Nederlandse Museumvereniging] developed an Intercultural Museum Programme to introduce more variety into the presentations of Dutch museums as well as introducing the museums to a wider public.
  36. organise
    arrange by systematic planning and united effort
    The first festival, Crown Jewels [Kroonjuwelen], was organised in The Hague in July 2007.
  37. covenant
    an agreement between a god and the people
    In March 2005, the Minister of Interior and Kingdom Relations signed a covenant on the Frisian Language and Culture.
  38. presentation
    the act of formally giving something, as a prize
    Minorities, groups and communities in the arts and cultural heritage sectors

    There has been a strengthening of production houses and ateliers in the performing arts and of presentation venues in the visual arts for primarily young artists.
  39. target
    a reference point to shoot at
    There is a range of targeted measures and support programmes for immigrants from these groups in different arts, media and heritage fields.
  40. context
    the set of facts or circumstances that surround a situation
    In this context, the Netherlands Museum Association [Nederlandse Museumvereniging] developed an Intercultural Museum Programme to introduce more variety into the presentations of Dutch museums as well as introducing the museums to a wider public.
  41. funding
    financial resources provided to make some project possible
    Additional funding will be available for specific activities of the museums aiming at, inter alia, increasing participation of target groups (youth, ethnic minorities), upkeep and presentation of the cultural heritage of minorities and heritage education programmes for school children.
  42. enrichment
    act of making fuller or more meaningful or rewarding
    Events e.g. festivals, special celebrations for minorities, groups and communities

    In June 2006, Medy van der Laan indicated in a policy paper to Parliament several concrete actions to promote artistic enrichment through diversity, including the improvement of cultural cooperation with the overseas parts of the Kingdom of the Netherlands: the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba.
  43. geared
    equipped with or connected by gears or having gears engaged
    The award is given for the best strategic plans for programming and communicating special exhibitions especially geared towards attracting minority audiences.
  44. statistics
    a branch of mathematics concerned with quantitative data
    By 2040, the percentage will have risen to 25% (Statistics Netherlands: http://www.cbs.nl).
  45. budget for
    calculate enough money for; provide for in the budget
    An earmarked budget for such activities was transferred to the Mondriaan Foundation [Mondriaan Stichting (see also chapter 8.1.1).
  46. statistic
    a datum that can be represented numerically
    By 2040, the percentage will have risen to 25% (Statistics Netherlands: http://www.cbs.nl).
  47. ethnic group
    people of the same race or nationality who share a distinctive culture
    Table 2: Immigrants in the Netherlands by ethnic group, 2008

    Immigrant Groups
    Total immigrants
    % of total population
    Morocco
    335 208
    2.0
  48. framework
    the underlying structure
    The covenant also implies that the country now complies with the conditions set by the Council of Europe's Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities, which the Netherlands signed in February 2005.
  49. award
    give, especially as an honor
    Therefore, the Mondriaan Foundation has introduced a Development Award for Cultural Diversity targeted at Dutch museums.
  50. background
    the part of a scene behind objects in the front
    Minorities, groups and communities in the media

    In the field of media, diversity has been ensured by the establishment of the production company MTNL (Multicultural Television in the Netherlands (http://www.mtnl.nl) and the radio station FunX (http://www.funx.nl), the municipal public channel for urban youth with a dual cultural background.
  51. Moroccan
    of or relating to or characteristic of Morocco or its people
    In the 1960s, Dutch companies, having trouble filling their low-paid vacancies, recruited Turkish and Moroccan workers.
  52. population
    the people who inhabit a territory or state
    Cultural minorities, groups and communities
    In February 2008, the Netherlands had a population of just over 16.4 million.
  53. earmark
    give or assign a resource to a particular person or cause
    An earmarked budget for such activities was transferred to the Mondriaan Foundation [Mondriaan Stichting (see also chapter 8.1.1).
  54. total
    the whole amount
    Official figures put the foreign population, in 2008, at more than 3 million (not including illegal immigrants), about 20 % of the total population (see Table 1 and Table 2).
  55. Morocco
    a kingdom (constitutional monarchy) in northwestern Africa with a largely Muslim population; achieved independence from France in 1956
    Over the past 40 years, the number of immigrant nationalities has increased considerably, with Turkey and Morocco as the main countries of origin.
  56. dialogue
    a conversation between two persons
    Minorities', groups' and communities' strategies e.g. citizenship participation

    On 9 June 2006, the State Secretary for Culture and the State Secretary for European Affairs sent a joint letter to Parliament, setting out their vision on the establishment of a House for Cultural Dialogue.
  57. fostering
    encouragement; aiding the development of something
    Fostering of cultural diversity is a priority of this Foundation.
  58. venue
    the scene of any event or action
    Minorities, groups and communities in the arts and cultural heritage sectors

    There has been a strengthening of production houses and ateliers in the performing arts and of presentation venues in the visual arts for primarily young artists.
  59. infrastructure
    the basic features of a system or organization
    The aim is to adopt some 10 to 20 production houses in the basic cultural infrastructure (see also chapter 2.2 paragraph Law based regulations for planning cultural policy).
  60. Recent
    the geologic epoch from about 11,700 years ago to the present
    Recent policy issues and debates
    4.2.1
  61. linguistic
    consisting of or related to language
    The Dutch Constitution [Grondwet] provides the legal basis for the civil rights of immigrants (e.g. citizenship, education, health, social insurance etc.) and for their cultural rights (e.g. to participate in cultural life, to protect and develop cultural and linguistic identities, to create, etc.).
  62. overseas
    beyond or across the ocean
    Events e.g. festivals, special celebrations for minorities, groups and communities

    In June 2006, Medy van der Laan indicated in a policy paper to Parliament several concrete actions to promote artistic enrichment through diversity, including the improvement of cultural cooperation with the overseas parts of the Kingdom of the Netherlands: the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba.
  63. sector
    a particular aspect of life or activity
    Minorities, groups and communities in the arts and cultural heritage sectors

    There has been a strengthening of production houses and ateliers in the performing arts and of presentation venues in the visual arts for primarily young artists.
  64. East Indies
    a group of islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans between Asia and Australia
    This trend began soon after World War II, with a wave of immigrants from the former Dutch East Indies, now Indonesia.
  65. policy
    a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group
    Recent policy issues and debates
    4.2.1
  66. nationality
    the status of belonging to a particular country
    Over the past 40 years, the number of immigrant nationalities has increased considerably, with Turkey and Morocco as the main countries of origin.
  67. ensure
    make certain of
    Minorities, groups and communities in the media

    In the field of media, diversity has been ensured by the establishment of the production company MTNL (Multicultural Television in the Netherlands (http://www.mtnl.nl) and the radio station FunX (http://www.funx.nl), the municipal public channel for urban youth with a dual cultural background.
  68. festival
    an organized series of acts and performances
    Events e.g. festivals, special celebrations for minorities, groups and communities

    In June 2006, Medy van der Laan indicated in a policy paper to Parliament several concrete actions to promote artistic enrichment through diversity, including the improvement of cultural cooperation with the overseas parts of the Kingdom of the Netherlands: the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba.
  69. initiate
    set in motion, start an event or prepare the way for
    The Ministry of Education, Culture and Science has initiated a specific regulation to ensure that 15% of the commission members of the Council for Culture should have a dual cultural background by 2007 (to some extent via Atana which educates young managers with dual cultural background for executive jobs in the cultural sector, see http://ww.atana.nl and Cases for Good Practice, http://www.culturalpolicies.net).
  70. entitle
    give the right to
    While there is no specific legislation covering these immigrant groups, the cultural policy document 2001-2004, entitled Make Way for Cultural Diversity [Ruim baan voor culturele diversiteit], gave special attention to the issue of cultural diversity.
  71. urban
    relating to a city or densely populated area
    Minorities, groups and communities in the media

    In the field of media, diversity has been ensured by the establishment of the production company MTNL (Multicultural Television in the Netherlands (http://www.mtnl.nl) and the radio station FunX (http://www.funx.nl), the municipal public channel for urban youth with a dual cultural background.
  72. influx
    the process of flowing in
    The last two decades have seen an influx of asylum seekers from various parts of Africa and Asia as well as Europe.
  73. community
    a group of people living in a particular local area
    Cultural minorities, groups and communities
    In February 2008, the Netherlands had a population of just over 16.4 million.
  74. paragraph
    one of several distinct subdivisions of a text
    In his policy paper Art for Life's Sake [Kunst van leven, 2007], Minister of Culture Ronald Plasterk announced that long term subsidies will be available for arts projects targeted at "culturally diverse" audiences, especially within the framework of the Kosmopolis (see the paragraph Strategies e.g. citizenship participation below, and also chapter 4.2.3).
  75. programming
    setting an order and time for planned events
    The award is given for the best strategic plans for programming and communicating special exhibitions especially geared towards attracting minority audiences.
  76. organised
    being a member of or formed into a labor union
    The first festival, Crown Jewels [Kroonjuwelen], was organised in The Hague in July 2007.
  77. assess
    estimate the nature, quality, ability or significance of
    The Council for Culture has been asked to assess which of the above has the potential to grow into larger amenities with their own production budgets.
  78. Turkey
    a Eurasian republic in Asia Minor and the Balkans
    Over the past 40 years, the number of immigrant nationalities has increased considerably, with Turkey and Morocco as the main countries of origin.
  79. budget
    a summary of intended expenditures
    The Council for Culture has been asked to assess which of the above has the potential to grow into larger amenities with their own production budgets.
  80. make way
    get out of the way
    While there is no specific legislation covering these immigrant groups, the cultural policy document 2001-2004, entitled Make Way for Cultural Diversity [Ruim baan voor culturele diversiteit], gave special attention to the issue of cultural diversity.
  81. comprise
    be made of
    The main target group of Dutch museums is comprised of young people and ethnic minorities.
  82. strategy
    an elaborate and systematic plan of action
    In his policy paper Art for Life's Sake [Kunst van leven, 2007], Minister of Culture Ronald Plasterk announced that long term subsidies will be available for arts projects targeted at "culturally diverse" audiences, especially within the framework of the Kosmopolis (see the paragraph Strategies e.g. citizenship participation below, and also chapter 4.2.3).
  83. production
    the act or process of making something
    Minorities, groups and communities in the arts and cultural heritage sectors

    There has been a strengthening of production houses and ateliers in the performing arts and of presentation venues in the visual arts for primarily young artists.
  84. assessment
    the act of judging a person or situation or event
    An assessment of media policy with regard to cultural diversity - From Margin to Mainstream [Van marge naar mainstream, Andra Leurdijk] was published in 2008.
  85. integration
    the act of combining into a whole
    State Secretary Medy van der Laan's paper More than the Sum [Meer dan de som, 2003] further combined the themes of cultural diversity and integration (see chapter 4.2.3).
  86. judiciary
    the system of law courts that administer justice
    This covenant includes agreements concerning education in the Frisian language; the use of Frisian by the judiciary, in the courts and in public administration, in the media and for cultural activities and amenities; as well as the use of Frisian in economic and social life (see also chapter 4.2.2).
  87. strengthening
    the act of increasing the strength of something
    Minorities, groups and communities in the arts and cultural heritage sectors

    There has been a strengthening of production houses and ateliers in the performing arts and of presentation venues in the visual arts for primarily young artists.
  88. program
    a series of steps to be carried out
    There is a range of targeted measures and support programmes for immigrants from these groups in different arts, media and heritage fields.
  89. communicating
    the activity of conveying information
    The award is given for the best strategic plans for programming and communicating special exhibitions especially geared towards attracting minority audiences.
  90. seeker
    someone making a search or inquiry
    The last two decades have seen an influx of asylum seekers from various parts of Africa and Asia as well as Europe.
  91. include
    have as a part; be made up out of
    This covenant includes agreements concerning education in the Frisian language; the use of Frisian by the judiciary, in the courts and in public administration, in the media and for cultural activities and amenities; as well as the use of Frisian in economic and social life (see also chapter 4.2.2).
  92. foundation
    the basis on which something is grounded
    An earmarked budget for such activities was transferred to the Mondriaan Foundation [Mondriaan Stichting (see also chapter 8.1.1).
  93. intensify
    increase in extent or strength
    In order to build bridges between the different cultures represented in the Netherlands, they considered it necessary to intensify the dialogue between groups of "old" and "new" Dutch citizens.
  94. ratified
    formally approved and invested with legal authority
    The covenant implements the commitments made by the Netherlands, when it ratified the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages in respect of Frisian, and which were set out in the 2001 administrative agreement on the Frisian language and culture.
  95. aging
    the organic process of growing older
    The population is aging, with approximately 14% in the over-65 age group.
  96. vacancy
    an empty area or space
    In the 1960s, Dutch companies, having trouble filling their low-paid vacancies, recruited Turkish and Moroccan workers.
  97. eligible
    qualified for or allowed or worthy of being chosen
    All museums in the country, and thus not only museums subsidised by the Ministry (about 30), will be eligible for grants from this budget.
  98. long-term
    relating to or extending over a relatively long time
    Kosmopolis is part of the 10 point cultural participation plan Minister of Culture Ronald Plasterk introduced in his policy memorandum Art for Life's Sake [Kunst van leven, 2007] and needs to be seen in the context of providing more long-term funding for art and culture projects that appeal to a broader public, and boosting the cultural dialogue in urban areas.
  99. regulation
    the act of bringing to uniformity
    The aim is to adopt some 10 to 20 production houses in the basic cultural infrastructure (see also chapter 2.2 paragraph Law based regulations for planning cultural policy).
  100. programme
    a series of goals to be accomplished
    In this context, the Netherlands Museum Association [Nederlandse Museumvereniging] developed an Intercultural Museum Programme to introduce more variety into the presentations of Dutch museums as well as introducing the museums to a wider public.
  101. activity
    any specific behavior
    This covenant includes agreements concerning education in the Frisian language; the use of Frisian by the judiciary, in the courts and in public administration, in the media and for cultural activities and amenities; as well as the use of Frisian in economic and social life (see also chapter 4.2.2).
  102. memorandum
    a written proposal or reminder
    Kosmopolis is part of the 10 point cultural participation plan Minister of Culture Ronald Plasterk introduced in his policy memorandum Art for Life's Sake [Kunst van leven, 2007] and needs to be seen in the context of providing more long-term funding for art and culture projects that appeal to a broader public, and boosting the cultural dialogue in urban areas.
  103. ministry
    the work of a person authorized to conduct religious worship
    All museums in the country, and thus not only museums subsidised by the Ministry (about 30), will be eligible for grants from this budget.
  104. participate
    be involved in
    The Dutch Constitution [Grondwet] provides the legal basis for the civil rights of immigrants (e.g. citizenship, education, health, social insurance etc.) and for their cultural rights (e.g. to participate in cultural life, to protect and develop cultural and linguistic identities, to create, etc.).
  105. approximately
    imprecise but fairly close to correct
    The population is aging, with approximately 14% in the over-65 age group.
  106. special
    adapted to or reserved for a particular purpose
    One special group of immigrants are the Moluccans, which had served in the former colonial army and brought families with them.
  107. television
    an electronic device that receives television signals and displays them on a screen
    Minorities, groups and communities in the media

    In the field of media, diversity has been ensured by the establishment of the production company MTNL (Multicultural Television in the Netherlands (http://www.mtnl.nl) and the radio station FunX (http://www.funx.nl), the municipal public channel for urban youth with a dual cultural background.
  108. priority
    status established in order of importance or urgency
    Fostering of cultural diversity is a priority of this Foundation.
  109. subsidy
    a grant of financial assistance, especially by a government
    In his policy paper Art for Life's Sake [Kunst van leven, 2007], Minister of Culture Ronald Plasterk announced that long term subsidies will be available for arts projects targeted at "culturally diverse" audiences, especially within the framework of the Kosmopolis (see the paragraph Strategies e.g. citizenship participation below, and also chapter 4.2.3).
  110. ratify
    approve and express assent, responsibility, or obligation
    The covenant implements the commitments made by the Netherlands, when it ratified the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages in respect of Frisian, and which were set out in the 2001 administrative agreement on the Frisian language and culture.
  111. immigration
    movement of people into a country or area
    Immigrants

    Like many other countries in Western Europe, the Netherlands are, in effect, an "immigration country".
  112. regional
    characteristic of a particular area
    The covenant implements the commitments made by the Netherlands, when it ratified the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages in respect of Frisian, and which were set out in the 2001 administrative agreement on the Frisian language and culture.
  113. implement
    a piece of equipment or a tool used for a specific purpose
    The covenant implements the commitments made by the Netherlands, when it ratified the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages in respect of Frisian, and which were set out in the 2001 administrative agreement on the Frisian language and culture.
  114. Interior
    the United States federal department charged with conservation and the development of natural resources; created in 1849
    In March 2005, the Minister of Interior and Kingdom Relations signed a covenant on the Frisian Language and Culture.
  115. diverse
    distinctly dissimilar or unlike
    In his policy paper Art for Life's Sake [Kunst van leven, 2007], Minister of Culture Ronald Plasterk announced that long term subsidies will be available for arts projects targeted at "culturally diverse" audiences, especially within the framework of the Kosmopolis (see the paragraph Strategies e.g. citizenship participation below, and also chapter 4.2.3).
  116. language
    a means of communicating by the use of sounds or symbols
    In March 2005, the Minister of Interior and Kingdom Relations signed a covenant on the Frisian Language and Culture.
  117. inter
    place in a grave or tomb
    Additional funding will be available for specific activities of the museums aiming at, inter alia, increasing participation of target groups (youth, ethnic minorities), upkeep and presentation of the cultural heritage of minorities and heritage education programmes for school children.
  118. available
    obtainable or accessible and ready for use or service
    In his policy paper Art for Life's Sake [Kunst van leven, 2007], Minister of Culture Ronald Plasterk announced that long term subsidies will be available for arts projects targeted at "culturally diverse" audiences, especially within the framework of the Kosmopolis (see the paragraph Strategies e.g. citizenship participation below, and also chapter 4.2.3).
  119. commitment
    the act of binding yourself to a course of action
    The covenant implements the commitments made by the Netherlands, when it ratified the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages in respect of Frisian, and which were set out in the 2001 administrative agreement on the Frisian language and culture.
  120. kingdom
    the domain ruled by a monarch
    In March 2005, the Minister of Interior and Kingdom Relations signed a covenant on the Frisian Language and Culture.
  121. cooperation
    the practice of working together on a common enterprise
    Events e.g. festivals, special celebrations for minorities, groups and communities

    In June 2006, Medy van der Laan indicated in a policy paper to Parliament several concrete actions to promote artistic enrichment through diversity, including the improvement of cultural cooperation with the overseas parts of the Kingdom of the Netherlands: the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba.
  122. set out
    lay out orderly or logically in a line or as if in a line
    The covenant implements the commitments made by the Netherlands, when it ratified the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages in respect of Frisian, and which were set out in the 2001 administrative agreement on the Frisian language and culture.
  123. civil right
    right belonging to a person by reason of citizenship
    The Dutch Constitution [Grondwet] provides the legal basis for the civil rights of immigrants (e.g. citizenship, education, health, social insurance etc.) and for their cultural rights (e.g. to participate in cultural life, to protect and develop cultural and linguistic identities, to create, etc.).
  124. asylum
    a shelter from danger or hardship
    The last two decades have seen an influx of asylum seekers from various parts of Africa and Asia as well as Europe.
  125. minister
    a person authorized to conduct religious worship
    In March 2005, the Minister of Interior and Kingdom Relations signed a covenant on the Frisian Language and Culture.
  126. establishment
    the act of forming something
    Minorities, groups and communities in the media

    In the field of media, diversity has been ensured by the establishment of the production company MTNL (Multicultural Television in the Netherlands (http://www.mtnl.nl) and the radio station FunX (http://www.funx.nl), the municipal public channel for urban youth with a dual cultural background.
  127. primarily
    for the most part
    Minorities, groups and communities in the arts and cultural heritage sectors

    There has been a strengthening of production houses and ateliers in the performing arts and of presentation venues in the visual arts for primarily young artists.
  128. signed
    having a handwritten signature
    In March 2005, the Minister of Interior and Kingdom Relations signed a covenant on the Frisian Language and Culture.
  129. council
    a body serving in an administrative capacity
    The covenant also implies that the country now complies with the conditions set by the Council of Europe's Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities, which the Netherlands signed in February 2005.
  130. celebration
    a joyful occasion for festivities to mark some happy event
    Events e.g. festivals, special celebrations for minorities, groups and communities

    In June 2006, Medy van der Laan indicated in a policy paper to Parliament several concrete actions to promote artistic enrichment through diversity, including the improvement of cultural cooperation with the overseas parts of the Kingdom of the Netherlands: the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba.
  131. initiative
    readiness to embark on bold new ventures
    In the paper, a new initiative was suggested by introducing the Cultural Kingdom Games [Koninkrijksspelen Cultuur], as already exists for sports.
  132. percentage
    a proportion in relation to a whole
    By 2040, the percentage will have risen to 25% (Statistics Netherlands: http://www.cbs.nl).
  133. in effect
    exerting force or influence
    Immigrants

    Like many other countries in Western Europe, the Netherlands are, in effect, an "immigration country".
  134. administrative
    responsible for managing the affairs of a group of people
    The covenant implements the commitments made by the Netherlands, when it ratified the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages in respect of Frisian, and which were set out in the 2001 administrative agreement on the Frisian language and culture.
  135. municipal
    relating to a self-governing district
    Minorities, groups and communities in the media

    In the field of media, diversity has been ensured by the establishment of the production company MTNL (Multicultural Television in the Netherlands (http://www.mtnl.nl) and the radio station FunX (http://www.funx.nl), the municipal public channel for urban youth with a dual cultural background.
  136. agreement
    harmony of people's opinions, actions, or characters
    This covenant includes agreements concerning education in the Frisian language; the use of Frisian by the judiciary, in the courts and in public administration, in the media and for cultural activities and amenities; as well as the use of Frisian in economic and social life (see also chapter 4.2.2).
  137. strategic
    relating to an elaborate and systematic plan of action
    The award is given for the best strategic plans for programming and communicating special exhibitions especially geared towards attracting minority audiences.
  138. endowed
    provided or supplied or equipped with
    It is endowed with 500 000 euros.
  139. comply
    act in accordance with someone's rules, commands, or wishes
    The covenant also implies that the country now complies with the conditions set by the Council of Europe's Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities, which the Netherlands signed in February 2005.
  140. illegal
    prohibited by law or by official or accepted rules
    Official figures put the foreign population, in 2008, at more than 3 million (not including illegal immigrants), about 20 % of the total population (see Table 1 and Table 2).
  141. devote
    dedicate
    In this way, the Minister responded to the Cultural Outreach Committee's [Commissie Cultuurbereik] recommendation to devote more attention to diversity (for other points in the 10 point cultural participation plan, see chapter 4.2.3, chapter 8.2.2, chapter 8.3.1 and chapter 8.4.1).
  142. combine
    put or add together
    State Secretary Medy van der Laan's paper More than the Sum [Meer dan de som, 2003] further combined the themes of cultural diversity and integration (see chapter 4.2.3).
  143. foster
    providing nurture though not related by blood or legal ties
    Fostering of cultural diversity is a priority of this Foundation.
  144. trend
    a general tendency to change, as of opinion
    This trend began soon after World War II, with a wave of immigrants from the former Dutch East Indies, now Indonesia.
  145. table
    furniture having a smooth flat top supported by legs
    Official figures put the foreign population, in 2008, at more than 3 million (not including illegal immigrants), about 20 % of the total population (see Table 1 and Table 2).
  146. recommendation
    praise of a person or thing as worthy or desirable
    In this way, the Minister responded to the Cultural Outreach Committee's [Commissie Cultuurbereik] recommendation to devote more attention to diversity (for other points in the 10 point cultural participation plan, see chapter 4.2.3, chapter 8.2.2, chapter 8.3.1 and chapter 8.4.1).
  147. concrete
    capable of being perceived by the senses
    Events e.g. festivals, special celebrations for minorities, groups and communities

    In June 2006, Medy van der Laan indicated in a policy paper to Parliament several concrete actions to promote artistic enrichment through diversity, including the improvement of cultural cooperation with the overseas parts of the Kingdom of the Netherlands: the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba.
  148. for good
    for a long time without essential change
    The Ministry of Education, Culture and Science has initiated a specific regulation to ensure that 15% of the commission members of the Council for Culture should have a dual cultural background by 2007 (to some extent via Atana which educates young managers with dual cultural background for executive jobs in the cultural sector, see http://ww.atana.nl and Cases for Good Practice, http://www.culturalpolicies.net).
  149. boost
    increase
    Kosmopolis is part of the 10 point cultural participation plan Minister of Culture Ronald Plasterk introduced in his policy memorandum Art for Life's Sake [Kunst van leven, 2007] and needs to be seen in the context of providing more long-term funding for art and culture projects that appeal to a broader public, and boosting the cultural dialogue in urban areas.
  150. secretary
    an assistant who handles correspondence and clerical work
    State Secretary Medy van der Laan's paper More than the Sum [Meer dan de som, 2003] further combined the themes of cultural diversity and integration (see chapter 4.2.3).
  151. provide
    give something useful or necessary to
    The Dutch Constitution [Grondwet] provides the legal basis for the civil rights of immigrants (e.g. citizenship, education, health, social insurance etc.) and for their cultural rights (e.g. to participate in cultural life, to protect and develop cultural and linguistic identities, to create, etc.).
  152. contribute
    give, provide, or supply something
    FunX is broadcast to the 4 large cities (Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague and Utrecht), which together contribute 50% of the costs.
  153. values
    beliefs of a group in which they have emotional investment
    To this end, they proposed a platform where citizens can learn more about each other's culture, background and values.
  154. endow
    give qualities or abilities to
    It is endowed with 500 000 euros.
  155. as well
    in addition
    This covenant includes agreements concerning education in the Frisian language; the use of Frisian by the judiciary, in the courts and in public administration, in the media and for cultural activities and amenities; as well as the use of Frisian in economic and social life (see also chapter 4.2.2).
  156. gear
    a toothed wheel that engages another toothed mechanism
    The award is given for the best strategic plans for programming and communicating special exhibitions especially geared towards attracting minority audiences.
  157. see
    perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight
    This covenant includes agreements concerning education in the Frisian language; the use of Frisian by the judiciary, in the courts and in public administration, in the media and for cultural activities and amenities; as well as the use of Frisian in economic and social life (see also chapter 4.2.2).
  158. announce
    make known
    In his policy paper Art for Life's Sake [Kunst van leven, 2007], Minister of Culture Ronald Plasterk announced that long term subsidies will be available for arts projects targeted at "culturally diverse" audiences, especially within the framework of the Kosmopolis (see the paragraph Strategies e.g. citizenship participation below, and also chapter 4.2.3).
  159. promote
    assign to a higher position
    Events e.g. festivals, special celebrations for minorities, groups and communities

    In June 2006, Medy van der Laan indicated in a policy paper to Parliament several concrete actions to promote artistic enrichment through diversity, including the improvement of cultural cooperation with the overseas parts of the Kingdom of the Netherlands: the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba.
  160. communicate
    transfer to another
    The award is given for the best strategic plans for programming and communicating special exhibitions especially geared towards attracting minority audiences.
  161. large number
    a large indefinite number
    After Surinam became independent in 1975, a large number of Surinamese who had Dutch nationality decided to take up residence in the Netherlands.
  162. plan
    a series of steps to be carried out or goals to be achieved
    The aim is to adopt some 10 to 20 production houses in the basic cultural infrastructure (see also chapter 2.2 paragraph Law based regulations for planning cultural policy).
  163. audience
    a gathering of spectators or listeners at a performance
    In his policy paper Art for Life's Sake [Kunst van leven, 2007], Minister of Culture Ronald Plasterk announced that long term subsidies will be available for arts projects targeted at "culturally diverse" audiences, especially within the framework of the Kosmopolis (see the paragraph Strategies e.g. citizenship participation below, and also chapter 4.2.3).
  164. fund
    a reserve of money set aside for some purpose
    Additional funding will be available for specific activities of the museums aiming at, inter alia, increasing participation of target groups (youth, ethnic minorities), upkeep and presentation of the cultural heritage of minorities and heritage education programmes for school children.
  165. colonial
    relating to a body of people who settle far from home
    One special group of immigrants are the Moluccans, which had served in the former colonial army and brought families with them.
  166. aim
    point or cause to go towards
    The aim is to adopt some 10 to 20 production houses in the basic cultural infrastructure (see also chapter 2.2 paragraph Law based regulations for planning cultural policy).
  167. identity
    the characteristics by which a thing or person is known
    The Dutch Constitution [Grondwet] provides the legal basis for the civil rights of immigrants (e.g. citizenship, education, health, social insurance etc.) and for their cultural rights (e.g. to participate in cultural life, to protect and develop cultural and linguistic identities, to create, etc.).
  168. in public
    in a manner accessible to or observable by the public
    This covenant includes agreements concerning education in the Frisian language; the use of Frisian by the judiciary, in the courts and in public administration, in the media and for cultural activities and amenities; as well as the use of Frisian in economic and social life (see also chapter 4.2.2).
  169. parliament
    a legislative assembly in certain countries
    Events e.g. festivals, special celebrations for minorities, groups and communities

    In June 2006, Medy van der Laan indicated in a policy paper to Parliament several concrete actions to promote artistic enrichment through diversity, including the improvement of cultural cooperation with the overseas parts of the Kingdom of the Netherlands: the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba.
  170. project
    a planned undertaking
    In his policy paper Art for Life's Sake [Kunst van leven, 2007], Minister of Culture Ronald Plasterk announced that long term subsidies will be available for arts projects targeted at "culturally diverse" audiences, especially within the framework of the Kosmopolis (see the paragraph Strategies e.g. citizenship participation below, and also chapter 4.2.3).
  171. potential
    existing in possibility
    The Council for Culture has been asked to assess which of the above has the potential to grow into larger amenities with their own production budgets.
  172. Crown
    the Crown (or the reigning monarch) as the symbol of the power and authority of a monarchy
    The first festival, Crown Jewels [Kroonjuwelen], was organised in The Hague in July 2007.
  173. public
    not private
    This covenant includes agreements concerning education in the Frisian language; the use of Frisian by the judiciary, in the courts and in public administration, in the media and for cultural activities and amenities; as well as the use of Frisian in economic and social life (see also chapter 4.2.2).
  174. artistic
    relating to the products of human creativity
    Events e.g. festivals, special celebrations for minorities, groups and communities

    In June 2006, Medy van der Laan indicated in a policy paper to Parliament several concrete actions to promote artistic enrichment through diversity, including the improvement of cultural cooperation with the overseas parts of the Kingdom of the Netherlands: the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba.
  175. source
    the place where something begins
    Source: Statistics Netherlands, http://www.cbs.nl
  176. artist
    person whose creative work shows sensitivity and imagination
    Minorities, groups and communities in the arts and cultural heritage sectors

    There has been a strengthening of production houses and ateliers in the performing arts and of presentation venues in the visual arts for primarily young artists.
  177. Turkish
    of or relating to or characteristic of Turkey or its people or language
    In the 1960s, Dutch companies, having trouble filling their low-paid vacancies, recruited Turkish and Moroccan workers.
  178. filling
    any material that fills a space or container
    In the 1960s, Dutch companies, having trouble filling their low-paid vacancies, recruited Turkish and Moroccan workers.
  179. sake
    the purpose of achieving or obtaining
    In his policy paper Art for Life's Sake [Kunst van leven, 2007], Minister of Culture Ronald Plasterk announced that long term subsidies will be available for arts projects targeted at "culturally diverse" audiences, especially within the framework of the Kosmopolis (see the paragraph Strategies e.g. citizenship participation below, and also chapter 4.2.3).
  180. charter
    a document creating an institution and specifying its rights
    The covenant implements the commitments made by the Netherlands, when it ratified the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages in respect of Frisian, and which were set out in the 2001 administrative agreement on the Frisian language and culture.
  181. major
    greater in scope or effect
    Most immigrants live in or near the major cities.
  182. broadcast
    disseminate over the airwaves, as in radio or television
    FunX is broadcast to the 4 large cities (Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague and Utrecht), which together contribute 50% of the costs.
  183. transmit
    send from one person or place to another
    MTNL produces television programmes for the four large minority groups: Surinamese, Antilleans, Moroccans and Turks and transmits in the major cities.
  184. recruit
    cause to assemble or enlist in the military
    In the 1960s, Dutch companies, having trouble filling their low-paid vacancies, recruited Turkish and Moroccan workers.
  185. planning
    an act of formulating a program for a course of action
    The aim is to adopt some 10 to 20 production houses in the basic cultural infrastructure (see also chapter 2.2 paragraph Law based regulations for planning cultural policy).
  186. also
    in addition
    This covenant includes agreements concerning education in the Frisian language; the use of Frisian by the judiciary, in the courts and in public administration, in the media and for cultural activities and amenities; as well as the use of Frisian in economic and social life (see also chapter 4.2.2).
  187. World War II
    a war between the Allies and the Axis from 1939 to 1945
    This trend began soon after World War II, with a wave of immigrants from the former Dutch East Indies, now Indonesia.
  188. June
    the month following May and preceding July
    Events e.g. festivals, special celebrations for minorities, groups and communities

    In June 2006, Medy van der Laan indicated in a policy paper to Parliament several concrete actions to promote artistic enrichment through diversity, including the improvement of cultural cooperation with the overseas parts of the Kingdom of the Netherlands: the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba.
  189. basic
    reduced to the simplest and most significant form possible
    The aim is to adopt some 10 to 20 production houses in the basic cultural infrastructure (see also chapter 2.2 paragraph Law based regulations for planning cultural policy).
  190. perform
    get done
    Minorities, groups and communities in the arts and cultural heritage sectors

    There has been a strengthening of production houses and ateliers in the performing arts and of presentation venues in the visual arts for primarily young artists.
  191. considerably
    to a great extent or degree
    Over the past 40 years, the number of immigrant nationalities has increased considerably, with Turkey and Morocco as the main countries of origin.
  192. exhibition
    the act of displaying or demonstrating
    The award is given for the best strategic plans for programming and communicating special exhibitions especially geared towards attracting minority audiences.
  193. increase
    a process of becoming larger or longer or more numerous
    Over the past 40 years, the number of immigrant nationalities has increased considerably, with Turkey and Morocco as the main countries of origin.
  194. develop
    progress or evolve through a process of natural growth
    The Dutch Constitution [Grondwet] provides the legal basis for the civil rights of immigrants (e.g. citizenship, education, health, social insurance etc.) and for their cultural rights (e.g. to participate in cultural life, to protect and develop cultural and linguistic identities, to create, etc.).
  195. insurance
    protection against future loss
    The Dutch Constitution [Grondwet] provides the legal basis for the civil rights of immigrants (e.g. citizenship, education, health, social insurance etc.) and for their cultural rights (e.g. to participate in cultural life, to protect and develop cultural and linguistic identities, to create, etc.).
  196. legislation
    the act of making or enacting laws
    While there is no specific legislation covering these immigrant groups, the cultural policy document 2001-2004, entitled Make Way for Cultural Diversity [Ruim baan voor culturele diversiteit], gave special attention to the issue of cultural diversity.
  197. country
    the territory occupied by a nation
    The covenant also implies that the country now complies with the conditions set by the Council of Europe's Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities, which the Netherlands signed in February 2005.
  198. large
    above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude
    After Surinam became independent in 1975, a large number of Surinamese who had Dutch nationality decided to take up residence in the Netherlands.
  199. main
    most important element
    Over the past 40 years, the number of immigrant nationalities has increased considerably, with Turkey and Morocco as the main countries of origin.
  200. risen
    (of e.g. celestial bodies) above the horizon
    By 2040, the percentage will have risen to 25% (Statistics Netherlands: http://www.cbs.nl).
  201. citizen
    a native or naturalized member of a state
    In order to build bridges between the different cultures represented in the Netherlands, they considered it necessary to intensify the dialogue between groups of "old" and "new" Dutch citizens.
  202. issue
    some situation or event that is thought about
    Recent policy issues and debates
    4.2.1
  203. covering
    a natural object that covers or envelops
    While there is no specific legislation covering these immigrant groups, the cultural policy document 2001-2004, entitled Make Way for Cultural Diversity [Ruim baan voor culturele diversiteit], gave special attention to the issue of cultural diversity.
  204. propose
    present for consideration, examination, or criticism
    To this end, they proposed a platform where citizens can learn more about each other's culture, background and values.
  205. theme
    the subject matter of a conversation or discussion
    State Secretary Medy van der Laan's paper More than the Sum [Meer dan de som, 2003] further combined the themes of cultural diversity and integration (see chapter 4.2.3).
  206. imply
    express or state indirectly
    The covenant also implies that the country now complies with the conditions set by the Council of Europe's Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities, which the Netherlands signed in February 2005.
  207. city
    a large and densely populated urban area
    Most immigrants live in or near the major cities.
  208. costs
    pecuniary reimbursement to the winning party for the expenses of litigation
    FunX is broadcast to the 4 large cities (Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague and Utrecht), which together contribute 50% of the costs.
  209. strengthen
    make strong or stronger
    Minorities, groups and communities in the arts and cultural heritage sectors

    There has been a strengthening of production houses and ateliers in the performing arts and of presentation venues in the visual arts for primarily young artists.
  210. jewel
    a precious or semiprecious stone incorporated into a piece of jewelry
    The first festival, Crown Jewels [Kroonjuwelen], was organised in The Hague in July 2007.
  211. combined
    made or joined or united into one
    State Secretary Medy van der Laan's paper More than the Sum [Meer dan de som, 2003] further combined the themes of cultural diversity and integration (see chapter 4.2.3).
  212. social
    living together or enjoying life in communities
    This covenant includes agreements concerning education in the Frisian language; the use of Frisian by the judiciary, in the courts and in public administration, in the media and for cultural activities and amenities; as well as the use of Frisian in economic and social life (see also chapter 4.2.2).
  213. additional
    further or extra
    Additional funding will be available for specific activities of the museums aiming at, inter alia, increasing participation of target groups (youth, ethnic minorities), upkeep and presentation of the cultural heritage of minorities and heritage education programmes for school children.
  214. youth
    a person who is not yet old
    Additional funding will be available for specific activities of the museums aiming at, inter alia, increasing participation of target groups (youth, ethnic minorities), upkeep and presentation of the cultural heritage of minorities and heritage education programmes for school children.
  215. parts
    the local environment
    The last two decades have seen an influx of asylum seekers from various parts of Africa and Asia as well as Europe.
  216. transfer
    move from one place to another
    An earmarked budget for such activities was transferred to the Mondriaan Foundation [Mondriaan Stichting (see also chapter 8.1.1).
  217. world war
    a war in which the major nations of the world are involved
    This trend began soon after World War II, with a wave of immigrants from the former Dutch East Indies, now Indonesia.
  218. entitled
    qualified for by right according to law
    While there is no specific legislation covering these immigrant groups, the cultural policy document 2001-2004, entitled Make Way for Cultural Diversity [Ruim baan voor culturele diversiteit], gave special attention to the issue of cultural diversity.
  219. Asia
    the largest continent with 60% of the earth's population
    The last two decades have seen an influx of asylum seekers from various parts of Africa and Asia as well as Europe.
  220. residence
    any address at which you dwell more than temporarily
    After Surinam became independent in 1975, a large number of Surinamese who had Dutch nationality decided to take up residence in the Netherlands.
  221. improvement
    the act of making something better
    Events e.g. festivals, special celebrations for minorities, groups and communities

    In June 2006, Medy van der Laan indicated in a policy paper to Parliament several concrete actions to promote artistic enrichment through diversity, including the improvement of cultural cooperation with the overseas parts of the Kingdom of the Netherlands: the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba.
  222. platform
    a raised horizontal surface
    To this end, they proposed a platform where citizens can learn more about each other's culture, background and values.
  223. decade
    a period of 10 years
    The last two decades have seen an influx of asylum seekers from various parts of Africa and Asia as well as Europe.
  224. official
    of or relating to a place of business
    The Frisians

    The only official minority group in the Netherlands is the Frisian minority.
  225. respond
    show a reaction to something
    In this way, the Minister responded to the Cultural Outreach Committee's [Commissie Cultuurbereik] recommendation to devote more attention to diversity (for other points in the 10 point cultural participation plan, see chapter 4.2.3, chapter 8.2.2, chapter 8.3.1 and chapter 8.4.1).
  226. joint
    junction by which parts or objects are linked together
    Minorities', groups' and communities' strategies e.g. citizenship participation

    On 9 June 2006, the State Secretary for Culture and the State Secretary for European Affairs sent a joint letter to Parliament, setting out their vision on the establishment of a House for Cultural Dialogue.
  227. especially
    to a distinctly greater extent or degree than is common
    In his policy paper Art for Life's Sake [Kunst van leven, 2007], Minister of Culture Ronald Plasterk announced that long term subsidies will be available for arts projects targeted at "culturally diverse" audiences, especially within the framework of the Kosmopolis (see the paragraph Strategies e.g. citizenship participation below, and also chapter 4.2.3).
  228. Constitution
    the constitution written at the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia in 1787 and subsequently ratified by the original thirteen states
    The Dutch Constitution [Grondwet] provides the legal basis for the civil rights of immigrants (e.g. citizenship, education, health, social insurance etc.) and for their cultural rights (e.g. to participate in cultural life, to protect and develop cultural and linguistic identities, to create, etc.).
  229. debate
    a discussion with reasons for and against some proposal
    Recent policy issues and debates
    4.2.1
  230. create
    bring into existence
    The Dutch Constitution [Grondwet] provides the legal basis for the civil rights of immigrants (e.g. citizenship, education, health, social insurance etc.) and for their cultural rights (e.g. to participate in cultural life, to protect and develop cultural and linguistic identities, to create, etc.).
  231. increasing
    becoming greater or larger
    Additional funding will be available for specific activities of the museums aiming at, inter alia, increasing participation of target groups (youth, ethnic minorities), upkeep and presentation of the cultural heritage of minorities and heritage education programmes for school children.
  232. State
    the federal department in the United States that sets and maintains foreign policies
    State Secretary Medy van der Laan's paper More than the Sum [Meer dan de som, 2003] further combined the themes of cultural diversity and integration (see chapter 4.2.3).
  233. document
    a representation of a person's thinking with symbolic marks
    While there is no specific legislation covering these immigrant groups, the cultural policy document 2001-2004, entitled Make Way for Cultural Diversity [Ruim baan voor culturele diversiteit], gave special attention to the issue of cultural diversity.
  234. decide
    reach, make, or come to a conclusion about something
    After Surinam became independent in 1975, a large number of Surinamese who had Dutch nationality decided to take up residence in the Netherlands.
  235. attention
    the act of concentrating on something
    While there is no specific legislation covering these immigrant groups, the cultural policy document 2001-2004, entitled Make Way for Cultural Diversity [Ruim baan voor culturele diversiteit], gave special attention to the issue of cultural diversity.
  236. former
    the first of two or the first mentioned of two
    This trend began soon after World War II, with a wave of immigrants from the former Dutch East Indies, now Indonesia.
  237. net
    an open fabric of string or rope or wire woven together
    For more information see: http://www.sgallery.net/news/05_2006/21.php
  238. channel
    a deep and relatively narrow body of water
    Minorities, groups and communities in the media

    In the field of media, diversity has been ensured by the establishment of the production company MTNL (Multicultural Television in the Netherlands (http://www.mtnl.nl) and the radio station FunX (http://www.funx.nl), the municipal public channel for urban youth with a dual cultural background.
  239. term
    a limited period of time during which something lasts
    In his policy paper Art for Life's Sake [Kunst van leven, 2007], Minister of Culture Ronald Plasterk announced that long term subsidies will be available for arts projects targeted at "culturally diverse" audiences, especially within the framework of the Kosmopolis (see the paragraph Strategies e.g. citizenship participation below, and also chapter 4.2.3).
  240. origin
    the place where something begins
    Over the past 40 years, the number of immigrant nationalities has increased considerably, with Turkey and Morocco as the main countries of origin.
  241. radio
    medium for communication
    Minorities, groups and communities in the media

    In the field of media, diversity has been ensured by the establishment of the production company MTNL (Multicultural Television in the Netherlands (http://www.mtnl.nl) and the radio station FunX (http://www.funx.nl), the municipal public channel for urban youth with a dual cultural background.
  242. basis
    the fundamental assumptions from which something is begun
    The Dutch Constitution [Grondwet] provides the legal basis for the civil rights of immigrants (e.g. citizenship, education, health, social insurance etc.) and for their cultural rights (e.g. to participate in cultural life, to protect and develop cultural and linguistic identities, to create, etc.).
  243. sign
    a visible clue that something has happened or is present
    In March 2005, the Minister of Interior and Kingdom Relations signed a covenant on the Frisian Language and Culture.
  244. manager
    someone who controls resources and expenditures
    The Ministry of Education, Culture and Science has initiated a specific regulation to ensure that 15% of the commission members of the Council for Culture should have a dual cultural background by 2007 (to some extent via Atana which educates young managers with dual cultural background for executive jobs in the cultural sector, see http://ww.atana.nl and Cases for Good Practice, http://www.culturalpolicies.net).
  245. developed
    being changed over time, as to be stronger or more complete
    In this context, the Netherlands Museum Association [Nederlandse Museumvereniging] developed an Intercultural Museum Programme to introduce more variety into the presentations of Dutch museums as well as introducing the museums to a wider public.
  246. represented
    represented accurately or precisely
    In order to build bridges between the different cultures represented in the Netherlands, they considered it necessary to intensify the dialogue between groups of "old" and "new" Dutch citizens.
  247. represent
    be a delegate or spokesperson for
    In order to build bridges between the different cultures represented in the Netherlands, they considered it necessary to intensify the dialogue between groups of "old" and "new" Dutch citizens.
  248. legal
    established by or founded upon law or official rules
    The Dutch Constitution [Grondwet] provides the legal basis for the civil rights of immigrants (e.g. citizenship, education, health, social insurance etc.) and for their cultural rights (e.g. to participate in cultural life, to protect and develop cultural and linguistic identities, to create, etc.).
  249. attract
    exert a force on
    The award is given for the best strategic plans for programming and communicating special exhibitions especially geared towards attracting minority audiences.
  250. setting
    the physical position of something
    Minorities', groups' and communities' strategies e.g. citizenship participation

    On 9 June 2006, the State Secretary for Culture and the State Secretary for European Affairs sent a joint letter to Parliament, setting out their vision on the establishment of a House for Cultural Dialogue.
  251. More
    English statesman who opposed Henry VIII's divorce from Catherine of Aragon and was imprisoned and beheaded; recalled for his concept of Utopia, the ideal state
    State Secretary Medy van der Laan's paper More than the Sum [Meer dan de som, 2003] further combined the themes of cultural diversity and integration (see chapter 4.2.3).
  252. independent
    free from external control and constraint
    After Surinam became independent in 1975, a large number of Surinamese who had Dutch nationality decided to take up residence in the Netherlands.
  253. set
    put into a certain place or abstract location
    The covenant implements the commitments made by the Netherlands, when it ratified the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages in respect of Frisian, and which were set out in the 2001 administrative agreement on the Frisian language and culture.
  254. for the first time
    the initial time
    In 2006, the award was given for the first time to the Van Abbemuseum in Eindhoven.
  255. Africa
    the second largest continent
    The last two decades have seen an influx of asylum seekers from various parts of Africa and Asia as well as Europe.
  256. million
    the number that is represented as a one followed by 6 zeros
    Cultural minorities, groups and communities
    In February 2008, the Netherlands had a population of just over 16.4 million.
  257. convention
    the act of meeting formally
    The covenant also implies that the country now complies with the conditions set by the Council of Europe's Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities, which the Netherlands signed in February 2005.
  258. field
    extensive tract of level open land
    There is a range of targeted measures and support programmes for immigrants from these groups in different arts, media and heritage fields.
  259. point
    a distinguishing or individuating characteristic
    Kosmopolis is part of the 10 point cultural participation plan Minister of Culture Ronald Plasterk introduced in his policy memorandum Art for Life's Sake [Kunst van leven, 2007] and needs to be seen in the context of providing more long-term funding for art and culture projects that appeal to a broader public, and boosting the cultural dialogue in urban areas.
  260. different
    unlike in nature, quality, form, or degree
    There is a range of targeted measures and support programmes for immigrants from these groups in different arts, media and heritage fields.
  261. protection
    the activity of shielding someone or something
    The covenant also implies that the country now complies with the conditions set by the Council of Europe's Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities, which the Netherlands signed in February 2005.
  262. variety
    a category of things distinguished by a common quality
    In this context, the Netherlands Museum Association [Nederlandse Museumvereniging] developed an Intercultural Museum Programme to introduce more variety into the presentations of Dutch museums as well as introducing the museums to a wider public.
  263. based
    having a base
    The aim is to adopt some 10 to 20 production houses in the basic cultural infrastructure (see also chapter 2.2 paragraph Law based regulations for planning cultural policy).
  264. more
    greater in size or amount or extent or degree
    Official figures put the foreign population, in 2008, at more than 3 million (not including illegal immigrants), about 20 % of the total population (see Table 1 and Table 2).
  265. tender
    easy to cut or chew
    A tender for the second round of the award started in the spring 2008.
  266. executive
    a person responsible for the administration of a business
    The Ministry of Education, Culture and Science has initiated a specific regulation to ensure that 15% of the commission members of the Council for Culture should have a dual cultural background by 2007 (to some extent via Atana which educates young managers with dual cultural background for executive jobs in the cultural sector, see http://ww.atana.nl and Cases for Good Practice, http://www.culturalpolicies.net).
  267. extent
    the point or degree to which something extends
    The Ministry of Education, Culture and Science has initiated a specific regulation to ensure that 15% of the commission members of the Council for Culture should have a dual cultural background by 2007 (to some extent via Atana which educates young managers with dual cultural background for executive jobs in the cultural sector, see http://ww.atana.nl and Cases for Good Practice, http://www.culturalpolicies.net).
  268. larger
    large or big relative to something else
    The Council for Culture has been asked to assess which of the above has the potential to grow into larger amenities with their own production budgets.
  269. vision
    the ability to see
    Minorities', groups' and communities' strategies e.g. citizenship participation

    On 9 June 2006, the State Secretary for Culture and the State Secretary for European Affairs sent a joint letter to Parliament, setting out their vision on the establishment of a House for Cultural Dialogue.
  270. association
    a formal organization of people or groups of people
    In this context, the Netherlands Museum Association [Nederlandse Museumvereniging] developed an Intercultural Museum Programme to introduce more variety into the presentations of Dutch museums as well as introducing the museums to a wider public.
  271. life
    the organic phenomenon that distinguishes living organisms
    This covenant includes agreements concerning education in the Frisian language; the use of Frisian by the judiciary, in the courts and in public administration, in the media and for cultural activities and amenities; as well as the use of Frisian in economic and social life (see also chapter 4.2.2).
  272. young
    any immature animal
    Minorities, groups and communities in the arts and cultural heritage sectors

    There has been a strengthening of production houses and ateliers in the performing arts and of presentation venues in the visual arts for primarily young artists.
  273. needs
    in such a manner as could not be otherwise
    Kosmopolis is part of the 10 point cultural participation plan Minister of Culture Ronald Plasterk introduced in his policy memorandum Art for Life's Sake [Kunst van leven, 2007] and needs to be seen in the context of providing more long-term funding for art and culture projects that appeal to a broader public, and boosting the cultural dialogue in urban areas.
  274. sport
    active diversion requiring physical exertion and competition
    In the paper, a new initiative was suggested by introducing the Cultural Kingdom Games [Koninkrijksspelen Cultuur], as already exists for sports.
  275. commission
    the act of granting authority to undertake certain functions
    The Ministry of Education, Culture and Science has initiated a specific regulation to ensure that 15% of the commission members of the Council for Culture should have a dual cultural background by 2007 (to some extent via Atana which educates young managers with dual cultural background for executive jobs in the cultural sector, see http://ww.atana.nl and Cases for Good Practice, http://www.culturalpolicies.net).
  276. 500
    the cardinal number that is the product of one hundred and five
    It is endowed with 500 000 euros.
  277. increased
    made greater in size or amount or degree
    Over the past 40 years, the number of immigrant nationalities has increased considerably, with Turkey and Morocco as the main countries of origin.
  278. take up
    turn one's interest to
    After Surinam became independent in 1975, a large number of Surinamese who had Dutch nationality decided to take up residence in the Netherlands.
  279. sum
    a quantity obtained by the addition of a group of numbers
    State Secretary Medy van der Laan's paper More than the Sum [Meer dan de som, 2003] further combined the themes of cultural diversity and integration (see chapter 4.2.3).
  280. out in
    enter a harbor
    The covenant implements the commitments made by the Netherlands, when it ratified the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages in respect of Frisian, and which were set out in the 2001 administrative agreement on the Frisian language and culture.
  281. adopt
    take into one's family
    The aim is to adopt some 10 to 20 production houses in the basic cultural infrastructure (see also chapter 2.2 paragraph Law based regulations for planning cultural policy).
  282. economic
    of or relating to production and management of wealth
    This covenant includes agreements concerning education in the Frisian language; the use of Frisian by the judiciary, in the courts and in public administration, in the media and for cultural activities and amenities; as well as the use of Frisian in economic and social life (see also chapter 4.2.2).
  283. published
    prepared and printed for distribution and sale
    An assessment of media policy with regard to cultural diversity - From Margin to Mainstream [Van marge naar mainstream, Andra Leurdijk] was published in 2008.
  284. relations
    mutual dealings or connections or communications among persons or groups
    In March 2005, the Minister of Interior and Kingdom Relations signed a covenant on the Frisian Language and Culture.
  285. range
    a variety of different things or activities
    There is a range of targeted measures and support programmes for immigrants from these groups in different arts, media and heritage fields.
  286. development
    a process in which something passes to a different stage
    Therefore, the Mondriaan Foundation has introduced a Development Award for Cultural Diversity targeted at Dutch museums.
  287. bridge
    structure allowing passage across a river or other obstacle
    In order to build bridges between the different cultures represented in the Netherlands, they considered it necessary to intensify the dialogue between groups of "old" and "new" Dutch citizens.
  288. worker
    a person who works at a specific occupation
    In the 1960s, Dutch companies, having trouble filling their low-paid vacancies, recruited Turkish and Moroccan workers.
  289. July
    the month following June and preceding August
    The first festival, Crown Jewels [Kroonjuwelen], was organised in The Hague in July 2007.
  290. protect
    shield from danger, injury, destruction, or damage
    The Dutch Constitution [Grondwet] provides the legal basis for the civil rights of immigrants (e.g. citizenship, education, health, social insurance etc.) and for their cultural rights (e.g. to participate in cultural life, to protect and develop cultural and linguistic identities, to create, etc.).
  291. company
    an institution created to conduct business
    In the 1960s, Dutch companies, having trouble filling their low-paid vacancies, recruited Turkish and Moroccan workers.
  292. well
    in a good or satisfactory manner or to a high standard
    This covenant includes agreements concerning education in the Frisian language; the use of Frisian by the judiciary, in the courts and in public administration, in the media and for cultural activities and amenities; as well as the use of Frisian in economic and social life (see also chapter 4.2.2).
  293. announced
    declared publicly; made widely known
    In his policy paper Art for Life's Sake [Kunst van leven, 2007], Minister of Culture Ronald Plasterk announced that long term subsidies will be available for arts projects targeted at "culturally diverse" audiences, especially within the framework of the Kosmopolis (see the paragraph Strategies e.g. citizenship participation below, and also chapter 4.2.3).
  294. established
    brought about or set up or accepted
    In 2007, Kosmopolis was established in the 4 largest cities: Amsterdam, Rotterdam, Utrecht and The Hague (see also chapter 4.2.3).
  295. spring
    move forward by leaps and bounds
    A tender for the second round of the award started in the spring 2008.
  296. part
    one of the portions into which something is regarded as divided and which together constitute a whole
    The last two decades have seen an influx of asylum seekers from various parts of Africa and Asia as well as Europe.
  297. area
    the extent of a two-dimensional surface within a boundary
    Kosmopolis is part of the 10 point cultural participation plan Minister of Culture Ronald Plasterk introduced in his policy memorandum Art for Life's Sake [Kunst van leven, 2007] and needs to be seen in the context of providing more long-term funding for art and culture projects that appeal to a broader public, and boosting the cultural dialogue in urban areas.
  298. conditions
    the context that influences the performance of a process
    The covenant also implies that the country now complies with the conditions set by the Council of Europe's Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities, which the Netherlands signed in February 2005.
  299. number
    a concept of quantity involving zero and units
    Over the past 40 years, the number of immigrant nationalities has increased considerably, with Turkey and Morocco as the main countries of origin.
  300. produce
    bring forth or yield
    MTNL produces television programmes for the four large minority groups: Surinamese, Antilleans, Moroccans and Turks and transmits in the major cities.
  301. March
    the month following February and preceding April
    In March 2005, the Minister of Interior and Kingdom Relations signed a covenant on the Frisian Language and Culture.
  302. civil
    of or occurring between or among citizens of the state
    The Dutch Constitution [Grondwet] provides the legal basis for the civil rights of immigrants (e.g. citizenship, education, health, social insurance etc.) and for their cultural rights (e.g. to participate in cultural life, to protect and develop cultural and linguistic identities, to create, etc.).
  303. appeal
    earnest or urgent request
    Kosmopolis is part of the 10 point cultural participation plan Minister of Culture Ronald Plasterk introduced in his policy memorandum Art for Life's Sake [Kunst van leven, 2007] and needs to be seen in the context of providing more long-term funding for art and culture projects that appeal to a broader public, and boosting the cultural dialogue in urban areas.
  304. use
    put into service
    This covenant includes agreements concerning education in the Frisian language; the use of Frisian by the judiciary, in the courts and in public administration, in the media and for cultural activities and amenities; as well as the use of Frisian in economic and social life (see also chapter 4.2.2).
  305. given
    acknowledged as a supposition
    In 2006, the award was given for the first time to the Van Abbemuseum in Eindhoven.
  306. be given
    have a tendency or disposition to do or be something
    In 2006, the award was given for the first time to the Van Abbemuseum in Eindhoven.
  307. live in
    live in the house where one works
    Most immigrants live in or near the major cities.
  308. practice
    a customary way of operation or behavior
    The Ministry of Education, Culture and Science has initiated a specific regulation to ensure that 15% of the commission members of the Council for Culture should have a dual cultural background by 2007 (to some extent via Atana which educates young managers with dual cultural background for executive jobs in the cultural sector, see http://ww.atana.nl and Cases for Good Practice, http://www.culturalpolicies.net).
  309. grant
    let have
    All museums in the country, and thus not only museums subsidised by the Ministry (about 30), will be eligible for grants from this budget.
  310. serve
    devote one's life or efforts to, as of countries or ideas
    One special group of immigrants are the Moluccans, which had served in the former colonial army and brought families with them.
  311. other
    not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied
    Immigrants

    Like many other countries in Western Europe, the Netherlands are, in effect, an "immigration country".
  312. information
    knowledge acquired through study or experience
    For more information see: http://www.sgallery.net/news/05_2006/21.php
  313. science
    a branch of study or knowledge involving the observation, investigation, and discovery of general laws or truths that can be tested systematically
    The Ministry of Education, Culture and Science has initiated a specific regulation to ensure that 15% of the commission members of the Council for Culture should have a dual cultural background by 2007 (to some extent via Atana which educates young managers with dual cultural background for executive jobs in the cultural sector, see http://ww.atana.nl and Cases for Good Practice, http://www.culturalpolicies.net).
  314. administration
    the act of governing or exercising authority
    This covenant includes agreements concerning education in the Frisian language; the use of Frisian by the judiciary, in the courts and in public administration, in the media and for cultural activities and amenities; as well as the use of Frisian in economic and social life (see also chapter 4.2.2).
  315. house
    a dwelling that serves as living quarters for a family
    Minorities, groups and communities in the arts and cultural heritage sectors

    There has been a strengthening of production houses and ateliers in the performing arts and of presentation venues in the visual arts for primarily young artists.
  316. publish
    prepare and issue for public distribution or sale
    An assessment of media policy with regard to cultural diversity - From Margin to Mainstream [Van marge naar mainstream, Andra Leurdijk] was published in 2008.
  317. more than
    (comparative of `much' used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree
    Official figures put the foreign population, in 2008, at more than 3 million (not including illegal immigrants), about 20 % of the total population (see Table 1 and Table 2).
  318. East
    the countries of Asia
    This trend began soon after World War II, with a wave of immigrants from the former Dutch East Indies, now Indonesia.
  319. consider
    think about carefully; weigh
    In order to build bridges between the different cultures represented in the Netherlands, they considered it necessary to intensify the dialogue between groups of "old" and "new" Dutch citizens.
  320. in this
    (formal) in or into that thing or place
    In this context, the Netherlands Museum Association [Nederlandse Museumvereniging] developed an Intercultural Museum Programme to introduce more variety into the presentations of Dutch museums as well as introducing the museums to a wider public.
  321. affairs
    transactions of professional or public interest
    Minorities', groups' and communities' strategies e.g. citizenship participation

    On 9 June 2006, the State Secretary for Culture and the State Secretary for European Affairs sent a joint letter to Parliament, setting out their vision on the establishment of a House for Cultural Dialogue.
  322. decided
    recognizable; marked
    After Surinam became independent in 1975, a large number of Surinamese who had Dutch nationality decided to take up residence in the Netherlands.
  323. station
    a facility equipped with special equipment and personnel
    Minorities, groups and communities in the media

    In the field of media, diversity has been ensured by the establishment of the production company MTNL (Multicultural Television in the Netherlands (http://www.mtnl.nl) and the radio station FunX (http://www.funx.nl), the municipal public channel for urban youth with a dual cultural background.
  324. health
    the general condition of body and mind
    The Dutch Constitution [Grondwet] provides the legal basis for the civil rights of immigrants (e.g. citizenship, education, health, social insurance etc.) and for their cultural rights (e.g. to participate in cultural life, to protect and develop cultural and linguistic identities, to create, etc.).
  325. committee
    a special group delegated to consider some matter
    In this way, the Minister responded to the Cultural Outreach Committee's [Commissie Cultuurbereik] recommendation to devote more attention to diversity (for other points in the 10 point cultural participation plan, see chapter 4.2.3, chapter 8.2.2, chapter 8.3.1 and chapter 8.4.1).
  326. value
    the quality that renders something desirable
    To this end, they proposed a platform where citizens can learn more about each other's culture, background and values.
  327. considered
    carefully weighed
    In order to build bridges between the different cultures represented in the Netherlands, they considered it necessary to intensify the dialogue between groups of "old" and "new" Dutch citizens.
  328. wave
    (physics) a movement up and down or back and forth
    This trend began soon after World War II, with a wave of immigrants from the former Dutch East Indies, now Indonesia.
  329. establish
    set up or found
    In 2007, Kosmopolis was established in the 4 largest cities: Amsterdam, Rotterdam, Utrecht and The Hague (see also chapter 4.2.3).
  330. job
    a specific piece of work required to be done as a duty
    The Ministry of Education, Culture and Science has initiated a specific regulation to ensure that 15% of the commission members of the Council for Culture should have a dual cultural background by 2007 (to some extent via Atana which educates young managers with dual cultural background for executive jobs in the cultural sector, see http://ww.atana.nl and Cases for Good Practice, http://www.culturalpolicies.net).
  331. relation
    the state or quality of having something in common
    In March 2005, the Minister of Interior and Kingdom Relations signed a covenant on the Frisian Language and Culture.
  332. exist
    have a presence
    In the paper, a new initiative was suggested by introducing the Cultural Kingdom Games [Koninkrijksspelen Cultuur], as already exists for sports.
  333. paid
    marked by the reception of pay
    In the 1960s, Dutch companies, having trouble filling their low-paid vacancies, recruited Turkish and Moroccan workers.
  334. measure
    determine the dimensions of something or somebody
    There is a range of targeted measures and support programmes for immigrants from these groups in different arts, media and heritage fields.
  335. base
    lowest support of a structure
    The aim is to adopt some 10 to 20 production houses in the basic cultural infrastructure (see also chapter 2.2 paragraph Law based regulations for planning cultural policy).
  336. various
    having great diversity or variety
    The last two decades have seen an influx of asylum seekers from various parts of Africa and Asia as well as Europe.
  337. below
    in or to a place that is lower
    In his policy paper Art for Life's Sake [Kunst van leven, 2007], Minister of Culture Ronald Plasterk announced that long term subsidies will be available for arts projects targeted at "culturally diverse" audiences, especially within the framework of the Kosmopolis (see the paragraph Strategies e.g. citizenship participation below, and also chapter 4.2.3).
  338. suggest
    make a proposal; declare a plan for something
    In the paper, a new initiative was suggested by introducing the Cultural Kingdom Games [Koninkrijksspelen Cultuur], as already exists for sports.
  339. cost
    be priced at
    FunX is broadcast to the 4 large cities (Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague and Utrecht), which together contribute 50% of the costs.
  340. share
    assets belonging to an individual person or group
    Table 1: Share of immigrants in the total population in the Netherlands, 2000-2008

    Period
    Total immigrants
    % of total population
    2000
    2 775 302
    17.6
    2001
    2 870 224
    17.9
    2002
    2 964 949
    18.4
    2003
    3 038 756
    18.8
    2004
    3 088 152
    18.9
    2005
    3 122 717
    19.2
    2006
    3 147 615
    19.3
    2007
    3 170 406
    19.3
    2008
    3 213 255
    19.6
  341. over
    beyond the top or upper surface or edge
    Cultural minorities, groups and communities
    In February 2008, the Netherlands had a population of just over 16.4 million.
  342. between
    in the interval
    In order to build bridges between the different cultures represented in the Netherlands, they considered it necessary to intensify the dialogue between groups of "old" and "new" Dutch citizens.
  343. in order
    in a state of proper readiness or preparation or arrangement
    In order to build bridges between the different cultures represented in the Netherlands, they considered it necessary to intensify the dialogue between groups of "old" and "new" Dutch citizens.
  344. period
    an amount of time
    Table 1: Share of immigrants in the total population in the Netherlands, 2000-2008

    Period
    Total immigrants
    % of total population
    2000
    2 775 302
    17.6
    2001
    2 870 224
    17.9
    2002
    2 964 949
    18.4
    2003
    3 038 756
    18.8
    2004
    3 088 152
    18.9
    2005
    3 122 717
    19.2
    2006
    3 147 615
    19.3
    2007
    3 170 406
    19.3
    2008
    3 213 255
    19.6
  345. event
    something that happens at a given place and time
    Events e.g. festivals, special celebrations for minorities, groups and communities

    In June 2006, Medy van der Laan indicated in a policy paper to Parliament several concrete actions to promote artistic enrichment through diversity, including the improvement of cultural cooperation with the overseas parts of the Kingdom of the Netherlands: the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba.
  346. game
    an amusement or pastime
    In the paper, a new initiative was suggested by introducing the Cultural Kingdom Games [Koninkrijksspelen Cultuur], as already exists for sports.
  347. foreign
    not deriving from the essential nature of something
    Official figures put the foreign population, in 2008, at more than 3 million (not including illegal immigrants), about 20 % of the total population (see Table 1 and Table 2).
  348. will
    the capability of conscious choice and decision
    By 2040, the percentage will have risen to 25% (Statistics Netherlands: http://www.cbs.nl).
  349. news
    information about recent and important events
    For more information see: http://www.sgallery.net/news/05_2006/21.php
  350. affair
    a vaguely specified social event
    Minorities', groups' and communities' strategies e.g. citizenship participation

    On 9 June 2006, the State Secretary for Culture and the State Secretary for European Affairs sent a joint letter to Parliament, setting out their vision on the establishment of a House for Cultural Dialogue.
  351. give
    transfer possession of something concrete or abstract
    While there is no specific legislation covering these immigrant groups, the cultural policy document 2001-2004, entitled Make Way for Cultural Diversity [Ruim baan voor culturele diversiteit], gave special attention to the issue of cultural diversity.
  352. concern
    something that interests you because it is important
    This covenant includes agreements concerning education in the Frisian language; the use of Frisian by the judiciary, in the courts and in public administration, in the media and for cultural activities and amenities; as well as the use of Frisian in economic and social life (see also chapter 4.2.2).
  353. trouble
    a source of difficulty
    In the 1960s, Dutch companies, having trouble filling their low-paid vacancies, recruited Turkish and Moroccan workers.
  354. respect
    regard highly; think much of
    The covenant implements the commitments made by the Netherlands, when it ratified the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages in respect of Frisian, and which were set out in the 2001 administrative agreement on the Frisian language and culture.
  355. new
    not of long duration
    In the paper, a new initiative was suggested by introducing the Cultural Kingdom Games [Koninkrijksspelen Cultuur], as already exists for sports.
  356. right
    free from error; especially conforming to fact or truth
    The Dutch Constitution [Grondwet] provides the legal basis for the civil rights of immigrants (e.g. citizenship, education, health, social insurance etc.) and for their cultural rights (e.g. to participate in cultural life, to protect and develop cultural and linguistic identities, to create, etc.).
Created on Mon Feb 15 17:13:14 EST 2010 (updated Mon Feb 15 17:18:32 EST 2010)

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