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souren Melikian

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  1. patinate
    coat with a patina
    Here, it was Alberto Giacometti’s bronze sculpture that proved irresistible with its lanky, linear, rugged figures mostly patinated in blackish colors.
  2. consignor
    the person who delivers over or commits merchandise
    Desperate to secure the Brody hoard, the auction house had resorted to giving “guarantees” (the procedure commits the auction house to pay consignors a specified amount whether the works sell or not).
  3. expressiveness
    the quality of being expressive
    The Winning Card at Auction: Expressiveness By SOUREN MELIKIAN Published: May 7, 2010 If you want to find out in which direction Western culture is headed, watch the auction scene.
  4. Fauve
    a member of a group of French painters who followed fauvism
    Christie’s ran the detail of an early painting by Edvard Munch who would later become a leading Expressionist and Sotheby’s reproduced a Matisse still life retaining a faint whiff of the master’s Fauve period.
  5. fauvism
    an art movement launched in 1905 whose work was characterized by bright and nonnatural colors and simple forms; influenced the expressionists
    The small picture on board laid on panel, offers a startling anticipation of Fauvism a decade later.
  6. Edouard Vuillard
    French painter (1868-1940)
    Only a few years ago, the opening lot, a self-portrait by Édouard Vuillard, would not have sold easily.
  7. Giacometti
    Swiss sculptor and painter known for his bronze sculptures of elongated figures (1901-1966)
    Here, it was Alberto Giacometti’s bronze sculpture that proved irresistible with its lanky, linear, rugged figures mostly patinated in blackish colors.
  8. auction house
    a firm that conducts auctions
    Desperate to secure the Brody hoard, the auction house had resorted to giving “guarantees” (the procedure commits the auction house to pay consignors a specified amount whether the works sell or not).
  9. Alberto Giacometti
    Swiss sculptor and painter known for his bronze sculptures of elongated figures (1901-1966)
    Here, it was Alberto Giacometti’s bronze sculpture that proved irresistible with its lanky, linear, rugged figures mostly patinated in blackish colors.
  10. Isamu Noguchi
    United States sculptor (1904-1988)
    Two lots down, Isamu Noguchi’s “Undine (Nadja),” a Manneristic bronze cast in 1927 in a style that could have been that of French sculptors working in the 1880s, but striking enough with its flowing movement as if the woman were swirling on her toes, drove bidders nuts.
  11. Edvard Munch
    Norwegian painter (1863-1944)
    Christie’s ran the detail of an early painting by Edvard Munch who would later become a leading Expressionist and Sotheby’s reproduced a Matisse still life retaining a faint whiff of the master’s Fauve period.
  12. Christie
    prolific English writer of detective stories (1890-1976)
    * More Arts News This week, Christie’s and Sotheby’s were holding their mid-spring sales of “Impressionist and Modern art.”
  13. eeriness
    strangeness by virtue of being mysterious and inspiring fear
    A livid white plaster head on a pedestal ambiguously leering out of the corner of its eye gives the composition extra eeriness.
  14. Braque
    French painter who led the cubist movement (1882-1963)
    Immediately after, Georges Braque’s “La Treille” was greeted with equally unexpected enthusiasm on a considerably larger scale.
  15. Picasso
    prolific and influential Spanish artist who lived in France
    That search for expressiveness is the fundamental reason accounting for the extraordinary rise of the one-day cartoon-like portraits that Picasso, full of contempt for the bourgeois establishment, dashed off in a derisive mood.
  16. auction
    the public sale of something to the highest bidder
    The Winning Card at Auction: Expressiveness By SOUREN MELIKIAN Published: May 7, 2010 If you want to find out in which direction Western culture is headed, watch the auction scene.
  17. bidder
    someone who makes an offer
    This week, ecstatic bidders sent the self-portrait flying to $2.65 million.
  18. Georges Braque
    French painter who led the cubist movement (1882-1963)
    Immediately after, Georges Braque’s “La Treille” was greeted with equally unexpected enthusiasm on a considerably larger scale.
  19. Vuillard
    French painter (1868-1940)
    Only a few years ago, the opening lot, a self-portrait by Édouard Vuillard, would not have sold easily.
  20. self-portrait
    a portrait of yourself created by yourself
    Only a few years ago, the opening lot, a self-portrait by Édouard Vuillard, would not have sold easily.
  21. Claude Monet
    French impressionist painter (1840-1926)
    Camille Pissarro’s splendid close-up view of “The Garden of Octave Mirbeau at Damps (Eure)” realized $2.65 million, topping the high estimate by more than a third, and Claude Monet’s summertime landscape (titled “Effet de Printemps à Giverny” despite the haystacks visible in the distance) climbed to $15.2 million.
  22. Matisse
    French painter and sculptor; leading figure of fauvism
    Christie’s ran the detail of an early painting by Edvard Munch who would later become a leading Expressionist and Sotheby’s reproduced a Matisse still life retaining a faint whiff of the master’s Fauve period.
  23. impressionist
    relating to or characteristic of Impressionism
    * More Arts News This week, Christie’s and Sotheby’s were holding their mid-spring sales of “Impressionist and Modern art.”
  24. unsalable
    impossible to sell
    Around 1936, when the legendary New York dealer Paul Rosenberg acquired it from Picasso, such pictures were seen as prankish creations, which made them virtually unsalable.
  25. prankish
    naughtily or annoyingly playful
    Around 1936, when the legendary New York dealer Paul Rosenberg acquired it from Picasso, such pictures were seen as prankish creations, which made them virtually unsalable.
  26. critical review
    an essay or article that gives a critical evaluation
    Blog ArtsBeat The latest on the arts, coverage of live events, critical reviews, multimedia extravaganzas and much more.
  27. turtleneck
    a sweater or jersey with a high close-fitting collar
    Yet this pales by comparison with the performance of one of Giacometti’s bronze busts in which those who knew Diego Giacometti can recognize the features of Alberto’s brother with his bushy eyebrows and perennial turtleneck sweater underneath the distortion.
  28. estimate
    judge tentatively
    The estimate, $1.2 to $1.8 million, plus the sale charge, would have killed it until recently.
  29. Impressionism
    a school of late 19th century French painters who pictured appearances by strokes of unmixed colors to give the impression of reflected light
    But of Impressionism there was no trace on the catalog covers.
  30. attention span
    the length of time you can concentrate on some idea or activity
    These require an ability to contemplate, incompatible with the short attention span of the age.
  31. Western culture
    the modern culture of western Europe and North America
    The Winning Card at Auction: Expressiveness By SOUREN MELIKIAN Published: May 7, 2010 If you want to find out in which direction Western culture is headed, watch the auction scene.
  32. Modigliani
    Italian painter and sculptor (1884-1920)
    Modigliani’s portrait of his companion “Jeanne Hébuterne With a Necklace,” which displayed the artist’s typical distortion of the human body, went up to $13.8 million.
  33. Noguchi
    United States bacteriologist (born in Japan) who discovered the cause of yellow fever and syphilis (1876-1928)
    Two lots down, Isamu Noguchi’s “Undine (Nadja),” a Manneristic bronze cast in 1927 in a style that could have been that of French sculptors working in the 1880s, but striking enough with its flowing movement as if the woman were swirling on her toes, drove bidders nuts.
  34. Salvador Dali
    surrealist Spanish painter (1904-1989)
    One of Salvador Dalí’s best early Surrealist works, an imaginary landscape of 1935, also sold for that price.
  35. Kandinsky
    Russian painter who was a pioneer of abstract art
    Kandinsky’s “Deepened Impulse,” with its floating intersecting colored discs, sold for $5.68 million, matching a rather generous middle estimate.
  36. ambiguously
    in an ambiguous manner
    A livid white plaster head on a pedestal ambiguously leering out of the corner of its eye gives the composition extra eeriness.
  37. hard core
    the most dedicated and intensely loyal nucleus of a group or movement
    On Tuesday, a section of that collection was the hard core of Christie’s sale.
  38. excel at
    be good at
    Their experts excel at singing the merits of their goods to potential buyers.
  39. 1900s
    the decade from 1900 to 1909
    In 1932, the Paris school master developed a very specific style characterized by broad curving outlines and a resurgence of the Fauve colors of the early 1900s.
  40. nuance
    a subtle difference in meaning or opinion or attitude
    Neither work is about nuances.
  41. uncharacteristic
    distinctive and not typical
    Utterly uncharacteristic of the Nabi artist’s manner, it is painted in violently contrasted colors.
  42. 1880s
    the decade from 1880 to 1889
    Two lots down, Isamu Noguchi’s “Undine (Nadja),” a Manneristic bronze cast in 1927 in a style that could have been that of French sculptors working in the 1880s, but striking enough with its flowing movement as if the woman were swirling on her toes, drove bidders nuts.
  43. common denominator
    a shared multiple of the bottom number of two or more fractions
    Expressiveness is their common denominator, and expressiveness is what buyers now run after.
  44. throwback
    a reappearance of an earlier characteristic
    Painted around 1953-1954, the picture is a throwback to the artist’s pre-World War I days, when Braque, remembering Fauvism, indulged in clearly defined contours and strong colors.
  45. million
    the number that is represented as a one followed by 6 zeros
    All 27 works billed as “property from the collection of Mrs. Sidney F. Brody” sold in an Alice-in-Wonderland atmosphere adding up to a huge $225.17 million.
  46. undine
    any of various female water spirits
    Two lots down, Isamu Noguchi’s “Undine (Nadja),” a Manneristic bronze cast in 1927 in a style that could have been that of French sculptors working in the 1880s, but striking enough with its flowing movement as if the woman were swirling on her toes, drove bidders nuts.
  47. mince
    cut into small pieces
    Like the $106.5-million Picasso, “Grande tête mince” (Big Thin Head), as catalogs call the model, had induced Christie’s bosses, presumably scared by their bold $25- to $35-million estimate, to negotiate a full third-party guarantee.
  48. stratosphere
    atmospheric layer between the troposphere and the mesosphere
    Was it the less common green and brown patination or the rare animal subject that sent a mangy-looking cat into the stratosphere?
  49. Munch
    Norwegian painter (1863-1944)
    Christie’s ran the detail of an early painting by Edvard Munch who would later become a leading Expressionist and Sotheby’s reproduced a Matisse still life retaining a faint whiff of the master’s Fauve period.
  50. three-dimensional
    involving or relating to three dimensions or aspects
    The search for expressiveness extended to three-dimensional modern art, propelling some works to previously unimaginable levels.
  51. simplistic
    characterized by extreme and misleading lack of complexity
    Add Giacometti’s bronze arm (“La Main”), cast in 1948 and sold for $25.84, nearly 50 percent above the high estimate, and there can be little doubt that expressiveness, no matter how simplistic, has become the winning card at auction.
  52. distortion
    a shape resulting from being deformed
    Yet this pales by comparison with the performance of one of Giacometti’s bronze busts in which those who knew Diego Giacometti can recognize the features of Alberto’s brother with his bushy eyebrows and perennial turtleneck sweater underneath the distortion.
  53. surrealism
    an artistic movement using fantastic and incongruous images
    He spiced it with discreet touches of Surrealism.
  54. catalog
    a complete list of things, usually arranged systematically
    But of Impressionism there was no trace on the catalog covers.
  55. interestingly
    in an interesting manner
    Interestingly, the sale included two outstanding Impressionist paintings which performed better than expected.
  56. mangy
    affected with a skin disease causing itching and hair loss
    Was it the less common green and brown patination or the rare animal subject that sent a mangy-looking cat into the stratosphere?
  57. colors
    a distinguishing emblem
    Utterly uncharacteristic of the Nabi artist’s manner, it is painted in violently contrasted colors.
  58. expressionist
    an artist who is an adherent of expressionism
    Christie’s ran the detail of an early painting by Edvard Munch who would later become a leading Expressionist and Sotheby’s reproduced a Matisse still life retaining a faint whiff of the master’s Fauve period.
  59. multimedia
    the use of many types of communication simultaneously
    Blog ArtsBeat The latest on the arts, coverage of live events, critical reviews, multimedia extravaganzas and much more.
  60. culturally
    with regard to a culture
    At $53.28 million, the commercial ascent of “Grande tête mince” was every bit as astounding, and culturally significant, as the record-breaking Picasso.
  61. denominator
    the divisor of a fraction
    Expressiveness is their common denominator, and expressiveness is what buyers now run after.
  62. summertime
    the warmest season of the year
    Camille Pissarro’s splendid close-up view of “The Garden of Octave Mirbeau at Damps (Eure)” realized $2.65 million, topping the high estimate by more than a third, and Claude Monet’s summertime landscape (titled “Effet de Printemps à Giverny” despite the haystacks visible in the distance) climbed to $15.2 million.
  63. contrasting
    strikingly different
    Although no longer truly Fauve, the contrasting colors, and broadly painted composition, make the picture easily legible from the other end of the room.
  64. preeminent
    greatest in importance, degree, or significance
    From the moment Christopher Burge, Christie’s preeminent auctioneer, ascended the podium, electricity was in the air.
  65. intersecting
    crossed or intersected in the form of an X
    Kandinsky’s “Deepened Impulse,” with its floating intersecting colored discs, sold for $5.68 million, matching a rather generous middle estimate.
  66. record-breaking
    surpassing all previous achievements or high scores
    At $53.28 million, the commercial ascent of “Grande tête mince” was every bit as astounding, and culturally significant, as the record-breaking Picasso.
  67. propelling
    tending to or capable of propelling
    The search for expressiveness extended to three-dimensional modern art, propelling some works to previously unimaginable levels.
  68. resurgence
    bringing again into activity and prominence
    In 1932, the Paris school master developed a very specific style characterized by broad curving outlines and a resurgence of the Fauve colors of the early 1900s.
  69. Dali
    surrealist Spanish painter (1904-1989)
    One of Salvador Dalí’s best early Surrealist works, an imaginary landscape of 1935, also sold for that price.
  70. surrealist
    an artist who is a member of the movement called surrealism
    One of Salvador Dalí’s best early Surrealist works, an imaginary landscape of 1935, also sold for that price.
  71. still life
    a painting of inanimate objects such as fruit or flowers
    Christie’s ran the detail of an early painting by Edvard Munch who would later become a leading Expressionist and Sotheby’s reproduced a Matisse still life retaining a faint whiff of the master’s Fauve period.
  72. extravaganza
    any lavishly staged or spectacular entertainment
    Blog ArtsBeat The latest on the arts, coverage of live events, critical reviews, multimedia extravaganzas and much more.
  73. bronze
    an alloy of copper and tin and sometimes other elements
    Here, it was Alberto Giacometti’s bronze sculpture that proved irresistible with its lanky, linear, rugged figures mostly patinated in blackish colors.
  74. leering
    (of a glance) sidelong and slyly lascivious
    A livid white plaster head on a pedestal ambiguously leering out of the corner of its eye gives the composition extra eeriness.
  75. Monet
    French impressionist painter (1840-1926)
    Camille Pissarro’s splendid close-up view of “The Garden of Octave Mirbeau at Damps (Eure)” realized $2.65 million, topping the high estimate by more than a third, and Claude Monet’s summertime landscape (titled “Effet de Printemps à Giverny” despite the haystacks visible in the distance) climbed to $15.2 million.
  76. blackish
    of something that is somewhat black
    Here, it was Alberto Giacometti’s bronze sculpture that proved irresistible with its lanky, linear, rugged figures mostly patinated in blackish colors.
  77. guarantee
    an unconditional commitment that something will happen
    Desperate to secure the Brody hoard, the auction house had resorted to giving “guarantees” (the procedure commits the auction house to pay consignors a specified amount whether the works sell or not).
  78. Sidney
    English poet (1554-1586)
    Over half a century ago, a Los Angeles couple, Frances and Sidney Brody, began to buy modern art with that rare insight and did so throughout their life.
  79. haystack
    a stack of hay
    Camille Pissarro’s splendid close-up view of “The Garden of Octave Mirbeau at Damps (Eure)” realized $2.65 million, topping the high estimate by more than a third, and Claude Monet’s summertime landscape (titled “Effet de Printemps à Giverny” despite the haystacks visible in the distance) climbed to $15.2 million.
  80. fend off
    prevent the occurrence of; prevent from happening
    The managers then felt it prudent to fend off a potentially catastrophic loss by getting a third party to shoulder the entire burden of the guarantee.
  81. dimensional
    relating to coordinates that determine a position in space
    The search for expressiveness extended to three-dimensional modern art, propelling some works to previously unimaginable levels.
  82. nude
    completely unclothed
    Mrs. Sidney Brody’s “Nude, Green Leaves and Bust” painted on March 8, 1932 is the ultimate in Picasso’s 1932 style.
  83. linear
    involving a single dimension
    Here, it was Alberto Giacometti’s bronze sculpture that proved irresistible with its lanky, linear, rugged figures mostly patinated in blackish colors.
  84. unimaginable
    totally unlikely
    The search for expressiveness extended to three-dimensional modern art, propelling some works to previously unimaginable levels.
  85. gamble
    take a risk in the hope of a favorable outcome
    This transforms the auction into a dealer-style transaction spiced with a gamble — any amount on top of the guarantee is shared between the consignor and the auction house.
  86. catastrophic
    extremely harmful; bringing physical or financial ruin
    The managers then felt it prudent to fend off a potentially catastrophic loss by getting a third party to shoulder the entire burden of the guarantee.
  87. bust
    a sculpture of the head and shoulders of a person
    Mrs. Sidney Brody’s “Nude, Green Leaves and Bust” painted on March 8, 1932 is the ultimate in Picasso’s 1932 style.
  88. wonderland
    an imaginary realm of marvels or wonders
    All 27 works billed as “property from the collection of Mrs. Sidney F. Brody” sold in an Alice-in-Wonderland atmosphere adding up to a huge $225.17 million.
  89. sold
    disposed of to a purchaser
    All 27 works billed as “property from the collection of Mrs. Sidney F. Brody” sold in an Alice-in-Wonderland atmosphere adding up to a huge $225.17 million.
  90. legible
    capable of being read or deciphered
    Although no longer truly Fauve, the contrasting colors, and broadly painted composition, make the picture easily legible from the other end of the room.
  91. fascinate
    attract; cause to be enamored
    On Wednesday night, Sotheby’s sale confirmed that expressive art, with strong outlines easily recognized and an impact that does not require sustained attention, fascinates present-day bidders.
  92. motif
    a recurrent element in a literary or artistic work
    Abstraction, if carried by the same strong contrasting colors and clear-cut motifs, did just as well when the quality of the works warranted high prices.
  93. blog
    an online journal where people post about their experiences
    Blog ArtsBeat The latest on the arts, coverage of live events, critical reviews, multimedia extravaganzas and much more.
  94. dash off
    write down hastily
    That search for expressiveness is the fundamental reason accounting for the extraordinary rise of the one-day cartoon-like portraits that Picasso, full of contempt for the bourgeois establishment, dashed off in a derisive mood.
  95. derisive
    expressing contempt or ridicule
    That search for expressiveness is the fundamental reason accounting for the extraordinary rise of the one-day cartoon-like portraits that Picasso, full of contempt for the bourgeois establishment, dashed off in a derisive mood.
  96. matched
    going well together; possessing harmonizing qualities
    At best, it might have matched the $3-million lower end of the estimate.
  97. portrait
    any likeness of a person, in any medium
    Only a few years ago, the opening lot, a self-portrait by Édouard Vuillard, would not have sold easily.
  98. painted
    coated with paint
    Utterly uncharacteristic of the Nabi artist’s manner, it is painted in violently contrasted colors.
  99. third party
    someone other than the principals involved in a transaction
    The managers then felt it prudent to fend off a potentially catastrophic loss by getting a third party to shoulder the entire burden of the guarantee.
  100. fend
    try to manage without help
    The managers then felt it prudent to fend off a potentially catastrophic loss by getting a third party to shoulder the entire burden of the guarantee.
  101. lanky
    tall and thin and having long slender limbs
    Here, it was Alberto Giacometti’s bronze sculpture that proved irresistible with its lanky, linear, rugged figures mostly patinated in blackish colors.
  102. clear-cut
    clear and distinct to the senses; easily perceptible
    Abstraction, if carried by the same strong contrasting colors and clear-cut motifs, did just as well when the quality of the works warranted high prices.
  103. sale
    the general activity of selling
    * More Arts News This week, Christie’s and Sotheby’s were holding their mid-spring sales of “Impressionist and Modern art.”
  104. billed
    having a beak or bill as specified
    All 27 works billed as “property from the collection of Mrs. Sidney F. Brody” sold in an Alice-in-Wonderland atmosphere adding up to a huge $225.17 million.
  105. topping
    a flavorful addition on top of a dish
    Camille Pissarro’s splendid close-up view of “The Garden of Octave Mirbeau at Damps (Eure)” realized $2.65 million, topping the high estimate by more than a third, and Claude Monet’s summertime landscape (titled “Effet de Printemps à Giverny” despite the haystacks visible in the distance) climbed to $15.2 million.
  106. spice
    any of a variety of pungent aromatic vegetable substances used for flavoring food
    This transforms the auction into a dealer-style transaction spiced with a gamble — any amount on top of the guarantee is shared between the consignor and the auction house.
  107. present-day
    belonging to the present time
    On Wednesday night, Sotheby’s sale confirmed that expressive art, with strong outlines easily recognized and an impact that does not require sustained attention, fascinates present-day bidders.
  108. auctioneer
    an agent who conducts a public sale to the highest bidder
    From the moment Christopher Burge, Christie’s preeminent auctioneer, ascended the podium, electricity was in the air.
  109. dealer
    someone who purchases and maintains an inventory of goods to be sold
    This transforms the auction into a dealer-style transaction spiced with a gamble — any amount on top of the guarantee is shared between the consignor and the auction house.
  110. every bit
    to the same degree (often followed by 'as')
    At $53.28 million, the commercial ascent of “Grande tête mince” was every bit as astounding, and culturally significant, as the record-breaking Picasso.
  111. sell
    exchange or deliver for money or its equivalent
    Desperate to secure the Brody hoard, the auction house had resorted to giving “guarantees” (the procedure commits the auction house to pay consignors a specified amount whether the works sell or not).
  112. presumably
    by reasonable assumption
    This year, Christie’s put on the Picasso a $70 million to $90 million estimate, plus the sale charge, presumably in order to persuade the consignor to part with the picture.
  113. color
    a visual attribute of things from the light they emit
    Utterly uncharacteristic of the Nabi artist’s manner, it is painted in violently contrasted colors.
  114. startle
    surprise greatly
    The small picture on board laid on panel, offers a startling anticipation of Fauvism a decade later.
  115. podium
    a platform raised above the surrounding level
    From the moment Christopher Burge, Christie’s preeminent auctioneer, ascended the podium, electricity was in the air.
  116. picture
    a visual representation produced on a surface
    The small picture on board laid on panel, offers a startling anticipation of Fauvism a decade later.
  117. curving
    having or marked by a curve or smoothly rounded bend
    In 1932, the Paris school master developed a very specific style characterized by broad curving outlines and a resurgence of the Fauve colors of the early 1900s.
  118. whiff
    a short light gust of air
    Christie’s ran the detail of an early painting by Edvard Munch who would later become a leading Expressionist and Sotheby’s reproduced a Matisse still life retaining a faint whiff of the master’s Fauve period.
  119. contender
    the contestant you hope to defeat
    The Picasso brought $106.5 million at the end of an eight-minute-long contest in which four contenders were still taking part in the fray by the time bidding rose above $87 million.
  120. cultural
    relating to the shared knowledge and values of a society
    An equally significant cultural landmark attracted less attention.
  121. sweater
    a crocheted or knitted garment covering the upper part of the body
    Yet this pales by comparison with the performance of one of Giacometti’s bronze busts in which those who knew Diego Giacometti can recognize the features of Alberto’s brother with his bushy eyebrows and perennial turtleneck sweater underneath the distortion.
  122. paint
    a substance used as a coating to protect or decorate a surface (especially a mixture of pigment suspended in a liquid); dries to form a hard coating
    Christie’s ran the detail of an early painting by Edvard Munch who would later become a leading Expressionist and Sotheby’s reproduced a Matisse still life retaining a faint whiff of the master’s Fauve period.
  123. matching
    being two identical
    Kandinsky’s “Deepened Impulse,” with its floating intersecting colored discs, sold for $5.68 million, matching a rather generous middle estimate.
  124. absurdly
    in an absurd manner or to an absurd degree
    At $20.8 million, the animal, cast in an edition of eight, somehow exceeded, if only very slightly, an estimate that had seemed absurdly ambitious.
  125. leer
    look suggestively or obliquely
    A livid white plaster head on a pedestal ambiguously leering out of the corner of its eye gives the composition extra eeriness.
  126. ecstatic
    feeling great rapture or delight
    This week, ecstatic bidders sent the self-portrait flying to $2.65 million.
  127. buyer
    a person who buys
    Expressiveness is their common denominator, and expressiveness is what buyers now run after.
  128. octave
    a musical interval of eight tones
    Camille Pissarro’s splendid close-up view of “The Garden of Octave Mirbeau at Damps (Eure)” realized $2.65 million, topping the high estimate by more than a third, and Claude Monet’s summertime landscape (titled “Effet de Printemps à Giverny” despite the haystacks visible in the distance) climbed to $15.2 million.
  129. sculpture
    a three-dimensional work of art
    Here, it was Alberto Giacometti’s bronze sculpture that proved irresistible with its lanky, linear, rugged figures mostly patinated in blackish colors.
  130. contour
    a line drawn on a map connecting points of equal height
    Painted around 1953-1954, the picture is a throwback to the artist’s pre-World War I days, when Braque, remembering Fauvism, indulged in clearly defined contours and strong colors.
  131. trend
    a general tendency to change, as of opinion
    A very few privileged collectors have an astonishing aptitude at anticipating future trends, sometimes by decades.
  132. bushy
    thickly branched and spreading
    Yet this pales by comparison with the performance of one of Giacometti’s bronze busts in which those who knew Diego Giacometti can recognize the features of Alberto’s brother with his bushy eyebrows and perennial turtleneck sweater underneath the distortion.
  133. livid
    furiously angry
    A livid white plaster head on a pedestal ambiguously leering out of the corner of its eye gives the composition extra eeriness.
  134. style
    how something is done or how it happens
    This transforms the auction into a dealer-style transaction spiced with a gamble — any amount on top of the guarantee is shared between the consignor and the auction house.
  135. intersect
    meet or cross at a point; overlap
    Kandinsky’s “Deepened Impulse,” with its floating intersecting colored discs, sold for $5.68 million, matching a rather generous middle estimate.
  136. aptitude
    inherent ability
    A very few privileged collectors have an astonishing aptitude at anticipating future trends, sometimes by decades.
  137. human body
    alternate name for the body of a human being
    Modigliani’s portrait of his companion “Jeanne Hébuterne With a Necklace,” which displayed the artist’s typical distortion of the human body, went up to $13.8 million.
  138. art
    the creation of beautiful or significant things
    Blog ArtsBeat The latest on the arts, coverage of live events, critical reviews, multimedia extravaganzas and much more.
  139. incompatible
    not in harmonious or agreeable combination
    These require an ability to contemplate, incompatible with the short attention span of the age.
  140. titled
    belonging to the peerage
    Camille Pissarro’s splendid close-up view of “The Garden of Octave Mirbeau at Damps (Eure)” realized $2.65 million, topping the high estimate by more than a third, and Claude Monet’s summertime landscape (titled “Effet de Printemps à Giverny” despite the haystacks visible in the distance) climbed to $15.2 million.
  141. astounding
    bewildering or striking dumb with wonder
    At $53.28 million, the commercial ascent of “Grande tête mince” was every bit as astounding, and culturally significant, as the record-breaking Picasso.
  142. perennial
    lasting an indefinitely long time
    Yet this pales by comparison with the performance of one of Giacometti’s bronze busts in which those who knew Diego Giacometti can recognize the features of Alberto’s brother with his bushy eyebrows and perennial turtleneck sweater underneath the distortion.
  143. broadly
    in a wide fashion
    Although no longer truly Fauve, the contrasting colors, and broadly painted composition, make the picture easily legible from the other end of the room.
  144. pedestal
    an architectural support or base
    A livid white plaster head on a pedestal ambiguously leering out of the corner of its eye gives the composition extra eeriness.
  145. viewing
    the display of a motion picture
    A magnificent charcoal portrait of a woman by Matisse, “Souty (Premier État)” that leaped off the wall at the viewing multiplied the high estimate more than three times as it climbed to $2.32 million.
  146. potentially
    with a possibility of becoming actual
    The managers then felt it prudent to fend off a potentially catastrophic loss by getting a third party to shoulder the entire burden of the guarantee.
  147. contrast
    the opposition or dissimilarity of things that are compared
    Utterly uncharacteristic of the Nabi artist’s manner, it is painted in violently contrasted colors.
  148. works
    performance of moral or religious acts
    Desperate to secure the Brody hoard, the auction house had resorted to giving “guarantees” (the procedure commits the auction house to pay consignors a specified amount whether the works sell or not).
  149. reproduce
    make a copy or equivalent of
    Christie’s ran the detail of an early painting by Edvard Munch who would later become a leading Expressionist and Sotheby’s reproduced a Matisse still life retaining a faint whiff of the master’s Fauve period.
  150. propel
    cause to move forward with force
    The search for expressiveness extended to three-dimensional modern art, propelling some works to previously unimaginable levels.
  151. Salvador
    a republic on the Pacific coast of Central America
    One of Salvador Dalí’s best early Surrealist works, an imaginary landscape of 1935, also sold for that price.
  152. specified
    clearly and explicitly stated
    Desperate to secure the Brody hoard, the auction house had resorted to giving “guarantees” (the procedure commits the auction house to pay consignors a specified amount whether the works sell or not).
  153. painting
    creating a picture with paints
    Christie’s ran the detail of an early painting by Edvard Munch who would later become a leading Expressionist and Sotheby’s reproduced a Matisse still life retaining a faint whiff of the master’s Fauve period.
  154. accounting
    a system that gives quantitative information about finances
    That search for expressiveness is the fundamental reason accounting for the extraordinary rise of the one-day cartoon-like portraits that Picasso, full of contempt for the bourgeois establishment, dashed off in a derisive mood.
  155. disc
    a flat circular plate
    Kandinsky’s “Deepened Impulse,” with its floating intersecting colored discs, sold for $5.68 million, matching a rather generous middle estimate.
  156. swirl
    turn in a twisting or spinning motion
    Two lots down, Isamu Noguchi’s “Undine (Nadja),” a Manneristic bronze cast in 1927 in a style that could have been that of French sculptors working in the 1880s, but striking enough with its flowing movement as if the woman were swirling on her toes, drove bidders nuts.
  157. bourgeois
    being of the property-owning class
    That search for expressiveness is the fundamental reason accounting for the extraordinary rise of the one-day cartoon-like portraits that Picasso, full of contempt for the bourgeois establishment, dashed off in a derisive mood.
  158. legendary
    so celebrated as to having taken on the nature of a myth
    Around 1936, when the legendary New York dealer Paul Rosenberg acquired it from Picasso, such pictures were seen as prankish creations, which made them virtually unsalable.
  159. outline
    the line that appears to bound an object
    In 1932, the Paris school master developed a very specific style characterized by broad curving outlines and a resurgence of the Fauve colors of the early 1900s.
  160. bouquet
    an arrangement of flowers that is usually given as a present
    The great success story of the session was a beautiful “Bouquet of Flowers for the 14th of July,” painted by Matisse in 1919.
  161. landmark
    a prominent or well-known object in a particular place
    An equally significant cultural landmark attracted less attention.
  162. charcoal
    a carbonaceous material obtained by heating wood or other organic matter in the absence of air
    A magnificent charcoal portrait of a woman by Matisse, “Souty (Premier État)” that leaped off the wall at the viewing multiplied the high estimate more than three times as it climbed to $2.32 million.
  163. landscape
    an expanse of scenery that can be seen in a single view
    One of Salvador Dalí’s best early Surrealist works, an imaginary landscape of 1935, also sold for that price.
  164. plus
    on the positive side or higher end of a scale
    The estimate, $1.2 to $1.8 million, plus the sale charge, would have killed it until recently.
  165. reminder
    a message that helps you remember something
    The success of the two Impressionist masterpieces is a reminder that bidders at auction come from all kinds of cultural backgrounds.
  166. hoard
    a secret store of valuables or money
    Desperate to secure the Brody hoard, the auction house had resorted to giving “guarantees” (the procedure commits the auction house to pay consignors a specified amount whether the works sell or not).
  167. work of art
    art that is a product of one of the fine arts
    It says everything about the culture of our time that such a picture should now be the most expensive work of art ever sold at auction.
  168. significant
    rich in implication
    An equally significant cultural landmark attracted less attention.
  169. abstraction
    the process of formulating general concepts
    Abstraction, if carried by the same strong contrasting colors and clear-cut motifs, did just as well when the quality of the works warranted high prices.
  170. buy it
    be killed or die;
    “Nude, Green Leaves and Bust” stayed with the dealer for 15 years until the Brodys bought it on Jan. 2, 1951, no doubt for well under $100,000.
  171. match
    a formal contest in which people or teams compete
    At best, it might have matched the $3-million lower end of the estimate.
  172. privileged
    blessed with special advantages
    A very few privileged collectors have an astonishing aptitude at anticipating future trends, sometimes by decades.
  173. discreet
    marked by prudence or modesty and wise self-restraint
    He spiced it with discreet touches of Surrealism.
  174. at best
    under the best of conditions
    At best, it might have matched the $3-million lower end of the estimate.
  175. cartoon
    a humorous or satirical drawing in a newspaper or magazine
    That search for expressiveness is the fundamental reason accounting for the extraordinary rise of the one-day cartoon-like portraits that Picasso, full of contempt for the bourgeois establishment, dashed off in a derisive mood.
  176. Green
    an environmentalist who belongs to the Green Party
    Mrs. Sidney Brody’s “Nude, Green Leaves and Bust” painted on March 8, 1932 is the ultimate in Picasso’s 1932 style.
  177. multiplied
    greatly increased as by multiplication
    A magnificent charcoal portrait of a woman by Matisse, “Souty (Premier État)” that leaped off the wall at the viewing multiplied the high estimate more than three times as it climbed to $2.32 million.
  178. winning
    succeeding with great difficulty
    The Winning Card at Auction: Expressiveness By SOUREN MELIKIAN Published: May 7, 2010 If you want to find out in which direction Western culture is headed, watch the auction scene.
  179. necklace
    jewelry consisting of a cord or chain (often bearing gems) worn about the neck as an ornament (especially by women)
    Modigliani’s portrait of his companion “Jeanne Hébuterne With a Necklace,” which displayed the artist’s typical distortion of the human body, went up to $13.8 million.
  180. World War I
    a war between the allies (Russia, France, British Empire, Italy, United States, Japan, Rumania, Serbia, Belgium, Greece, Portugal, Montenegro) and the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Turkey, Bulgaria) from 1914 to 1918
    Painted around 1953-1954, the picture is a throwback to the artist’s pre-World War I days, when Braque, remembering Fauvism, indulged in clearly defined contours and strong colors.
  181. specify
    be particular about
    Desperate to secure the Brody hoard, the auction house had resorted to giving “guarantees” (the procedure commits the auction house to pay consignors a specified amount whether the works sell or not).
  182. anticipate
    regard something as probable or likely
    A very few privileged collectors have an astonishing aptitude at anticipating future trends, sometimes by decades.
  183. negotiate
    discuss the terms of an arrangement
    Like the $106.5-million Picasso, “Grande tête mince” (Big Thin Head), as catalogs call the model, had induced Christie’s bosses, presumably scared by their bold $25- to $35-million estimate, to negotiate a full third-party guarantee.
  184. coverage
    the extent to which something is included or discussed
    Blog ArtsBeat The latest on the arts, coverage of live events, critical reviews, multimedia extravaganzas and much more.
  185. outstanding
    of major significance or importance
    Interestingly, the sale included two outstanding Impressionist paintings which performed better than expected.
  186. composition
    the way in which someone or something is put together
    A livid white plaster head on a pedestal ambiguously leering out of the corner of its eye gives the composition extra eeriness.
  187. exceed
    be or do something to a greater degree
    In the event, the gamble exceeded all hopes.
  188. fray
    wear away by rubbing
    The Picasso brought $106.5 million at the end of an eight-minute-long contest in which four contenders were still taking part in the fray by the time bidding rose above $87 million.
  189. percent
    a proportion in relation to a whole
    Add Giacometti’s bronze arm (“La Main”), cast in 1948 and sold for $25.84, nearly 50 percent above the high estimate, and there can be little doubt that expressiveness, no matter how simplistic, has become the winning card at auction.
  190. artist
    person whose creative work shows sensitivity and imagination
    Utterly uncharacteristic of the Nabi artist’s manner, it is painted in violently contrasted colors.
  191. recognize
    perceive to be something or something you can identify
    Yet this pales by comparison with the performance of one of Giacometti’s bronze busts in which those who knew Diego Giacometti can recognize the features of Alberto’s brother with his bushy eyebrows and perennial turtleneck sweater underneath the distortion.
  192. contemplate
    think intently and at length, as for spiritual purposes
    These require an ability to contemplate, incompatible with the short attention span of the age.
  193. astound
    affect with wonder
    At $53.28 million, the commercial ascent of “Grande tête mince” was every bit as astounding, and culturally significant, as the record-breaking Picasso.
  194. decade
    a period of 10 years
    A very few privileged collectors have an astonishing aptitude at anticipating future trends, sometimes by decades.
  195. four times
    by a factor of four
    “Undine” brought $4.22 million, more than four times the high estimate.
  196. dominant
    most frequent or common
    The dominant trend of our time is undoubtedly to turn away from nuances.
  197. arts
    studies intended to provide general knowledge and skills
    Blog ArtsBeat The latest on the arts, coverage of live events, critical reviews, multimedia extravaganzas and much more.
  198. expressive
    characterized by communicating beliefs or opinions
    On Wednesday night, Sotheby’s sale confirmed that expressive art, with strong outlines easily recognized and an impact that does not require sustained attention, fascinates present-day bidders.
  199. sculptor
    an artist who creates three-dimensional artwork
    Two lots down, Isamu Noguchi’s “Undine (Nadja),” a Manneristic bronze cast in 1927 in a style that could have been that of French sculptors working in the 1880s, but striking enough with its flowing movement as if the woman were swirling on her toes, drove bidders nuts.
  200. excel
    distinguish oneself
    Their experts excel at singing the merits of their goods to potential buyers.
  201. ascent
    a movement upward
    At $53.28 million, the commercial ascent of “Grande tête mince” was every bit as astounding, and culturally significant, as the record-breaking Picasso.
  202. Modern
    used of a living language
    * More Arts News This week, Christie’s and Sotheby’s were holding their mid-spring sales of “Impressionist and Modern art.”
  203. culture
    all the knowledge and values shared by a society
    The Winning Card at Auction: Expressiveness By SOUREN MELIKIAN Published: May 7, 2010 If you want to find out in which direction Western culture is headed, watch the auction scene.
  204. utterly
    completely and without qualification
    Utterly uncharacteristic of the Nabi artist’s manner, it is painted in violently contrasted colors.
  205. masterpiece
    the most outstanding work of a creative artist or craftsman
    The success of the two Impressionist masterpieces is a reminder that bidders at auction come from all kinds of cultural backgrounds.
  206. span
    the distance or interval between two points
    These require an ability to contemplate, incompatible with the short attention span of the age.
  207. define
    show the form or outline of
    Painted around 1953-1954, the picture is a throwback to the artist’s pre-World War I days, when Braque, remembering Fauvism, indulged in clearly defined contours and strong colors.
  208. anticipation
    the act of predicting, as by reasoning about the future
    The small picture on board laid on panel, offers a startling anticipation of Fauvism a decade later.
  209. underneath
    on the lower or downward side; on the underside of
    Yet this pales by comparison with the performance of one of Giacometti’s bronze busts in which those who knew Diego Giacometti can recognize the features of Alberto’s brother with his bushy eyebrows and perennial turtleneck sweater underneath the distortion.
  210. 14th
    coming next after the thirteenth in position
    The great success story of the session was a beautiful “Bouquet of Flowers for the 14th of July,” painted by Matisse in 1919.
  211. breaking
    the act of breaking something
    In breaking the magic $100-million barrier, Christie’s made art market history.
  212. collector
    a person who gathers and saves things
    A very few privileged collectors have an astonishing aptitude at anticipating future trends, sometimes by decades.
  213. imaginary
    not based on fact; unreal
    One of Salvador Dalí’s best early Surrealist works, an imaginary landscape of 1935, also sold for that price.
  214. plaster
    a mixture of lime or gypsum with sand and water
    A livid white plaster head on a pedestal ambiguously leering out of the corner of its eye gives the composition extra eeriness.
  215. bliss
    a state of extreme happiness
    But just as there are still readers capable of being tempted by literature, so do some find bliss in the subtle harmonies of coloristic shades and light effects.
  216. collection
    the act of gathering something together
    On Tuesday, a section of that collection was the hard core of Christie’s sale.
  217. insight
    clear or deep perception of a situation
    Over half a century ago, a Los Angeles couple, Frances and Sidney Brody, began to buy modern art with that rare insight and did so throughout their life.
  218. easily
    with ease (`easy' is sometimes used informally for `easily')
    Only a few years ago, the opening lot, a self-portrait by Édouard Vuillard, would not have sold easily.
  219. indulge
    yield to; give satisfaction to
    Painted around 1953-1954, the picture is a throwback to the artist’s pre-World War I days, when Braque, remembering Fauvism, indulged in clearly defined contours and strong colors.
  220. eyebrow
    the arch of hair above each eye
    Yet this pales by comparison with the performance of one of Giacometti’s bronze busts in which those who knew Diego Giacometti can recognize the features of Alberto’s brother with his bushy eyebrows and perennial turtleneck sweater underneath the distortion.
  221. multiply
    combine by adding the same number repeatedly
    A magnificent charcoal portrait of a woman by Matisse, “Souty (Premier État)” that leaped off the wall at the viewing multiplied the high estimate more than three times as it climbed to $2.32 million.
  222. core
    the center of an object
    On Tuesday, a section of that collection was the hard core of Christie’s sale.
  223. cast
    put or send forth
    At $20.8 million, the animal, cast in an edition of eight, somehow exceeded, if only very slightly, an estimate that had seemed absurdly ambitious.
  224. rugged
    having long narrow shallow depressions in the surface
    Here, it was Alberto Giacometti’s bronze sculpture that proved irresistible with its lanky, linear, rugged figures mostly patinated in blackish colors.
  225. nuts
    informal or slang terms for mentally irregular
    Two lots down, Isamu Noguchi’s “Undine (Nadja),” a Manneristic bronze cast in 1927 in a style that could have been that of French sculptors working in the 1880s, but striking enough with its flowing movement as if the woman were swirling on her toes, drove bidders nuts.
  226. extend to
    to extend as far as
    The search for expressiveness extended to three-dimensional modern art, propelling some works to previously unimaginable levels.
  227. impact
    the striking of one body against another
    On Wednesday night, Sotheby’s sale confirmed that expressive art, with strong outlines easily recognized and an impact that does not require sustained attention, fascinates present-day bidders.
  228. shades
    spectacles that are darkened or polarized to protect the eyes from the glare of the sun
    But just as there are still readers capable of being tempted by literature, so do some find bliss in the subtle harmonies of coloristic shades and light effects.
  229. irresistible
    impossible to withstand; overpowering
    Here, it was Alberto Giacometti’s bronze sculpture that proved irresistible with its lanky, linear, rugged figures mostly patinated in blackish colors.
  230. astonishing
    so surprisingly impressive as to stun or overwhelm
    A very few privileged collectors have an astonishing aptitude at anticipating future trends, sometimes by decades.
  231. rare
    especially good, remarkable, or superlative
    Over half a century ago, a Los Angeles couple, Frances and Sidney Brody, began to buy modern art with that rare insight and did so throughout their life.
  232. remembering
    the cognitive processes whereby past experience is remembered
    Painted around 1953-1954, the picture is a throwback to the artist’s pre-World War I days, when Braque, remembering Fauvism, indulged in clearly defined contours and strong colors.
  233. high
    being at or having a relatively great or specific elevation
    Add Giacometti’s bronze arm (“La Main”), cast in 1948 and sold for $25.84, nearly 50 percent above the high estimate, and there can be little doubt that expressiveness, no matter how simplistic, has become the winning card at auction.
  234. deepen
    make deeper
    Kandinsky’s “Deepened Impulse,” with its floating intersecting colored discs, sold for $5.68 million, matching a rather generous middle estimate.
  235. card
    thin cardboard, usually rectangular
    The Winning Card at Auction: Expressiveness By SOUREN MELIKIAN Published: May 7, 2010 If you want to find out in which direction Western culture is headed, watch the auction scene.
  236. Christopher
    Christian martyr and patron saint of travellers
    From the moment Christopher Burge, Christie’s preeminent auctioneer, ascended the podium, electricity was in the air.
  237. bidding
    an authoritative direction or instruction to do something
    The Picasso brought $106.5 million at the end of an eight-minute-long contest in which four contenders were still taking part in the fray by the time bidding rose above $87 million.
  238. scared
    made afraid
    Like the $106.5-million Picasso, “Grande tête mince” (Big Thin Head), as catalogs call the model, had induced Christie’s bosses, presumably scared by their bold $25- to $35-million estimate, to negotiate a full third-party guarantee.
  239. part with
    give something up
    This year, Christie’s put on the Picasso a $70 million to $90 million estimate, plus the sale charge, presumably in order to persuade the consignor to part with the picture.
  240. procedure
    a particular course of action intended to achieve a result
    Desperate to secure the Brody hoard, the auction house had resorted to giving “guarantees” (the procedure commits the auction house to pay consignors a specified amount whether the works sell or not).
  241. startling
    so different or sudden as to cause momentary shock or alarm
    The small picture on board laid on panel, offers a startling anticipation of Fauvism a decade later.
  242. recently
    in the recent past
    The estimate, $1.2 to $1.8 million, plus the sale charge, would have killed it until recently.
  243. work
    activity directed toward making or doing something
    Neither work is about nuances.
  244. prudent
    marked by sound judgment
    The managers then felt it prudent to fend off a potentially catastrophic loss by getting a third party to shoulder the entire burden of the guarantee.
  245. take part
    share in something
    The Picasso brought $106.5 million at the end of an eight-minute-long contest in which four contenders were still taking part in the fray by the time bidding rose above $87 million.
  246. climb
    go up or advance
    A magnificent charcoal portrait of a woman by Matisse, “Souty (Premier État)” that leaped off the wall at the viewing multiplied the high estimate more than three times as it climbed to $2.32 million.
  247. electricity
    a physical phenomenon that can produce light, heat and power
    From the moment Christopher Burge, Christie’s preeminent auctioneer, ascended the podium, electricity was in the air.
  248. upper
    higher in place or position
    As at Christie’s, paintings, drawings or sculpture with a punch effective from ten yards away often shot high above the upper end of the estimate.
  249. curve
    the trace of a point whose direction of motion changes
    In 1932, the Paris school master developed a very specific style characterized by broad curving outlines and a resurgence of the Fauve colors of the early 1900s.
  250. damp
    slightly wet
    Camille Pissarro’s splendid close-up view of “The Garden of Octave Mirbeau at Damps (Eure)” realized $2.65 million, topping the high estimate by more than a third, and Claude Monet’s summertime landscape (titled “Effet de Printemps à Giverny” despite the haystacks visible in the distance) climbed to $15.2 million.
  251. equally
    in a balanced or impartial way
    Immediately after, Georges Braque’s “La Treille” was greeted with equally unexpected enthusiasm on a considerably larger scale.
  252. acquire
    come into the possession of something concrete or abstract
    Around 1936, when the legendary New York dealer Paul Rosenberg acquired it from Picasso, such pictures were seen as prankish creations, which made them virtually unsalable.
  253. defined
    showing clearly the outline or profile or boundary
    Painted around 1953-1954, the picture is a throwback to the artist’s pre-World War I days, when Braque, remembering Fauvism, indulged in clearly defined contours and strong colors.
  254. Wednesday
    the fourth day of the week; the third working day
    On Wednesday night, Sotheby’s sale confirmed that expressive art, with strong outlines easily recognized and an impact that does not require sustained attention, fascinates present-day bidders.
  255. violently
    in a violent manner
    Utterly uncharacteristic of the Nabi artist’s manner, it is painted in violently contrasted colors.
  256. attention
    the act of concentrating on something
    An equally significant cultural landmark attracted less attention.
  257. unnecessary
    not needed
    Again, this proved unnecessary.
  258. punch
    deliver a quick blow to
    As at Christie’s, paintings, drawings or sculpture with a punch effective from ten yards away often shot high above the upper end of the estimate.
  259. require
    have need of
    On Wednesday night, Sotheby’s sale confirmed that expressive art, with strong outlines easily recognized and an impact that does not require sustained attention, fascinates present-day bidders.
  260. potential
    existing in possibility
    Their experts excel at singing the merits of their goods to potential buyers.
  261. Tuesday
    the third day of the week; the second working day
    On Tuesday, a section of that collection was the hard core of Christie’s sale.
  262. panel
    sheet that forms a distinct section of something
    The small picture on board laid on panel, offers a startling anticipation of Fauvism a decade later.
  263. induce
    cause to act in a specified manner
    Like the $106.5-million Picasso, “Grande tête mince” (Big Thin Head), as catalogs call the model, had induced Christie’s bosses, presumably scared by their bold $25- to $35-million estimate, to negotiate a full third-party guarantee.
  264. toe
    one of the digits of the foot
    Two lots down, Isamu Noguchi’s “Undine (Nadja),” a Manneristic bronze cast in 1927 in a style that could have been that of French sculptors working in the 1880s, but striking enough with its flowing movement as if the woman were swirling on her toes, drove bidders nuts.
  265. virtually
    in essence or in effect but not in fact
    Around 1936, when the legendary New York dealer Paul Rosenberg acquired it from Picasso, such pictures were seen as prankish creations, which made them virtually unsalable.
  266. sustained
    continued at length without interruption or weakening
    On Wednesday night, Sotheby’s sale confirmed that expressive art, with strong outlines easily recognized and an impact that does not require sustained attention, fascinates present-day bidders.
  267. flowing
    designed to offer the least resistance while moving through air
    Two lots down, Isamu Noguchi’s “Undine (Nadja),” a Manneristic bronze cast in 1927 in a style that could have been that of French sculptors working in the 1880s, but striking enough with its flowing movement as if the woman were swirling on her toes, drove bidders nuts.
  268. transaction
    conducting business within or between groups
    This transforms the auction into a dealer-style transaction spiced with a gamble — any amount on top of the guarantee is shared between the consignor and the auction house.
  269. ultimate
    furthest or highest in degree or order; utmost or extreme
    Mrs. Sidney Brody’s “Nude, Green Leaves and Bust” painted on March 8, 1932 is the ultimate in Picasso’s 1932 style.
  270. dashed
    having gaps or spaces
    That search for expressiveness is the fundamental reason accounting for the extraordinary rise of the one-day cartoon-like portraits that Picasso, full of contempt for the bourgeois establishment, dashed off in a derisive mood.
  271. barrier
    a structure or object that impedes free movement
    In breaking the magic $100-million barrier, Christie’s made art market history.
  272. third
    one of three equal parts of a divisible whole
    The managers then felt it prudent to fend off a potentially catastrophic loss by getting a third party to shoulder the entire burden of the guarantee.
  273. typical
    exhibiting the qualities that identify a group or kind
    Modigliani’s portrait of his companion “Jeanne Hébuterne With a Necklace,” which displayed the artist’s typical distortion of the human body, went up to $13.8 million.
  274. subtle
    difficult to detect or grasp by the mind or analyze
    But just as there are still readers capable of being tempted by literature, so do some find bliss in the subtle harmonies of coloristic shades and light effects.
  275. transform
    change or alter in appearance or nature
    This transforms the auction into a dealer-style transaction spiced with a gamble — any amount on top of the guarantee is shared between the consignor and the auction house.
  276. considerably
    to a great extent or degree
    Immediately after, Georges Braque’s “La Treille” was greeted with equally unexpected enthusiasm on a considerably larger scale.
  277. ambitious
    having a strong desire for success or achievement
    At $20.8 million, the animal, cast in an edition of eight, somehow exceeded, if only very slightly, an estimate that had seemed absurdly ambitious.
  278. floating
    borne up by or suspended in a liquid
    Kandinsky’s “Deepened Impulse,” with its floating intersecting colored discs, sold for $5.68 million, matching a rather generous middle estimate.
  279. worried
    afflicted with or marked by anxious uneasiness or trouble
    They need not have worried.
  280. 100
    ten 10s
    “Nude, Green Leaves and Bust” stayed with the dealer for 15 years until the Brodys bought it on Jan. 2, 1951, no doubt for well under $100,000.
  281. fundamental
    serving as an essential component
    That search for expressiveness is the fundamental reason accounting for the extraordinary rise of the one-day cartoon-like portraits that Picasso, full of contempt for the bourgeois establishment, dashed off in a derisive mood.
  282. expensive
    high in price or charging high prices
    It says everything about the culture of our time that such a picture should now be the most expensive work of art ever sold at auction.
  283. specific
    stated explicitly or in detail
    In 1932, the Paris school master developed a very specific style characterized by broad curving outlines and a resurgence of the Fauve colors of the early 1900s.
  284. persuade
    cause somebody to adopt a certain position or belief
    This year, Christie’s put on the Picasso a $70 million to $90 million estimate, plus the sale charge, presumably in order to persuade the consignor to part with the picture.
  285. warrant
    formal and explicit approval
    Abstraction, if carried by the same strong contrasting colors and clear-cut motifs, did just as well when the quality of the works warranted high prices.
  286. shared
    have in common; held or experienced in common
    This transforms the auction into a dealer-style transaction spiced with a gamble — any amount on top of the guarantee is shared between the consignor and the auction house.
  287. turn away
    turn away or aside
    The dominant trend of our time is undoubtedly to turn away from nuances.
  288. end
    either extremity of something that has length
    At best, it might have matched the $3-million lower end of the estimate.
  289. lots
    a large number or amount
    Two lots down, Isamu Noguchi’s “Undine (Nadja),” a Manneristic bronze cast in 1927 in a style that could have been that of French sculptors working in the 1880s, but striking enough with its flowing movement as if the woman were swirling on her toes, drove bidders nuts.
  290. proved
    established beyond doubt
    Here, it was Alberto Giacometti’s bronze sculpture that proved irresistible with its lanky, linear, rugged figures mostly patinated in blackish colors.
  291. scare
    cause fear in
    Like the $106.5-million Picasso, “Grande tête mince” (Big Thin Head), as catalogs call the model, had induced Christie’s bosses, presumably scared by their bold $25- to $35-million estimate, to negotiate a full third-party guarantee.
  292. three times
    by a factor of three
    A magnificent charcoal portrait of a woman by Matisse, “Souty (Premier État)” that leaped off the wall at the viewing multiplied the high estimate more than three times as it climbed to $2.32 million.
  293. Jan
    the first month of the year
    “Nude, Green Leaves and Bust” stayed with the dealer for 15 years until the Brodys bought it on Jan. 2, 1951, no doubt for well under $100,000.
  294. background
    the part of a scene behind objects in the front
    The success of the two Impressionist masterpieces is a reminder that bidders at auction come from all kinds of cultural backgrounds.
  295. confirmed
    having been established or made firm or received the rite of confirmation
    On Wednesday night, Sotheby’s sale confirmed that expressive art, with strong outlines easily recognized and an impact that does not require sustained attention, fascinates present-day bidders.
  296. induced
    brought about or caused; not spontaneous
    Like the $106.5-million Picasso, “Grande tête mince” (Big Thin Head), as catalogs call the model, had induced Christie’s bosses, presumably scared by their bold $25- to $35-million estimate, to negotiate a full third-party guarantee.
  297. nut
    usually large hard-shelled seed
    Two lots down, Isamu Noguchi’s “Undine (Nadja),” a Manneristic bronze cast in 1927 in a style that could have been that of French sculptors working in the 1880s, but striking enough with its flowing movement as if the woman were swirling on her toes, drove bidders nuts.
  298. search
    look or seek
    That search for expressiveness is the fundamental reason accounting for the extraordinary rise of the one-day cartoon-like portraits that Picasso, full of contempt for the bourgeois establishment, dashed off in a derisive mood.
  299. early
    at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time
    Christie’s ran the detail of an early painting by Edvard Munch who would later become a leading Expressionist and Sotheby’s reproduced a Matisse still life retaining a faint whiff of the master’s Fauve period.
  300. mid
    used in combination to denote the middle
    * More Arts News This week, Christie’s and Sotheby’s were holding their mid-spring sales of “Impressionist and Modern art.”
  301. amount
    how much there is of something that you can quantify
    Desperate to secure the Brody hoard, the auction house had resorted to giving “guarantees” (the procedure commits the auction house to pay consignors a specified amount whether the works sell or not).
  302. stiff
    incapable of or resistant to bending
    It nearly matched the upper end of the stiff estimate as it sold for $28.4 million.
  303. undoubtedly
    certainly
    The dominant trend of our time is undoubtedly to turn away from nuances.
  304. unexpected
    not anticipated or planned for
    Immediately after, Georges Braque’s “La Treille” was greeted with equally unexpected enthusiasm on a considerably larger scale.
  305. modern
    ahead of the times
    Over half a century ago, a Los Angeles couple, Frances and Sidney Brody, began to buy modern art with that rare insight and did so throughout their life.
  306. strong
    having strength or power greater than average or expected
    Painted around 1953-1954, the picture is a throwback to the artist’s pre-World War I days, when Braque, remembering Fauvism, indulged in clearly defined contours and strong colors.
  307. harmony
    compatibility in opinion and action
    But just as there are still readers capable of being tempted by literature, so do some find bliss in the subtle harmonies of coloristic shades and light effects.
  308. premier
    first in rank or degree
    A magnificent charcoal portrait of a woman by Matisse, “Souty (Premier État)” that leaped off the wall at the viewing multiplied the high estimate more than three times as it climbed to $2.32 million.
  309. leaf
    the collective amount of leaves of one or more plants
    Mrs. Sidney Brody’s “Nude, Green Leaves and Bust” painted on March 8, 1932 is the ultimate in Picasso’s 1932 style.
  310. in the air
    on everybody's mind
    From the moment Christopher Burge, Christie’s preeminent auctioneer, ascended the podium, electricity was in the air.
  311. comparison
    the act of examining resemblances
    Yet this pales by comparison with the performance of one of Giacometti’s bronze busts in which those who knew Diego Giacometti can recognize the features of Alberto’s brother with his bushy eyebrows and perennial turtleneck sweater underneath the distortion.
  312. just as
    at the same time as
    Abstraction, if carried by the same strong contrasting colors and clear-cut motifs, did just as well when the quality of the works warranted high prices.
  313. no matter
    in spite of everything; without regard to drawbacks
    Add Giacometti’s bronze arm (“La Main”), cast in 1948 and sold for $25.84, nearly 50 percent above the high estimate, and there can be little doubt that expressiveness, no matter how simplistic, has become the winning card at auction.
  314. extra
    more than is needed, desired, or required
    A livid white plaster head on a pedestal ambiguously leering out of the corner of its eye gives the composition extra eeriness.
  315. tempt
    dispose, incline, or entice to
    But just as there are still readers capable of being tempted by literature, so do some find bliss in the subtle harmonies of coloristic shades and light effects.
  316. magic
    any art that invokes supernatural powers
    In breaking the magic $100-million barrier, Christie’s made art market history.
  317. account for
    be the reason or explanation for
    That search for expressiveness is the fundamental reason accounting for the extraordinary rise of the one-day cartoon-like portraits that Picasso, full of contempt for the bourgeois establishment, dashed off in a derisive mood.
  318. world war
    a war in which the major nations of the world are involved
    Painted around 1953-1954, the picture is a throwback to the artist’s pre-World War I days, when Braque, remembering Fauvism, indulged in clearly defined contours and strong colors.
  319. critical
    of a serious examination and judgment of something
    Blog ArtsBeat The latest on the arts, coverage of live events, critical reviews, multimedia extravaganzas and much more.
  320. creation
    the act of starting something for the first time
    Around 1936, when the legendary New York dealer Paul Rosenberg acquired it from Picasso, such pictures were seen as prankish creations, which made them virtually unsalable.
  321. previously
    at an earlier time or formerly
    The search for expressiveness extended to three-dimensional modern art, propelling some works to previously unimaginable levels.
  322. contempt
    lack of respect accompanied by a feeling of intense dislike
    That search for expressiveness is the fundamental reason accounting for the extraordinary rise of the one-day cartoon-like portraits that Picasso, full of contempt for the bourgeois establishment, dashed off in a derisive mood.
  323. above
    in or to a place that is higher
    The Picasso brought $106.5 million at the end of an eight-minute-long contest in which four contenders were still taking part in the fray by the time bidding rose above $87 million.
  324. resort
    have recourse to
    Desperate to secure the Brody hoard, the auction house had resorted to giving “guarantees” (the procedure commits the auction house to pay consignors a specified amount whether the works sell or not).
  325. lot
    anything (straws or pebbles etc.) taken or chosen at random
    Only a few years ago, the opening lot, a self-portrait by Édouard Vuillard, would not have sold easily.
  326. ascend
    travel up
    From the moment Christopher Burge, Christie’s preeminent auctioneer, ascended the podium, electricity was in the air.
  327. deem
    judge or regard in a particular way
    Until recently, the picture would have been deemed too late for its style.
  328. boss
    a person who exercises control and makes decisions
    Like the $106.5-million Picasso, “Grande tête mince” (Big Thin Head), as catalogs call the model, had induced Christie’s bosses, presumably scared by their bold $25- to $35-million estimate, to negotiate a full third-party guarantee.
  329. Los Angeles
    a city in southern California
    Over half a century ago, a Los Angeles couple, Frances and Sidney Brody, began to buy modern art with that rare insight and did so throughout their life.
  330. success
    an event that accomplishes its intended purpose
    The great success story of the session was a beautiful “Bouquet of Flowers for the 14th of July,” painted by Matisse in 1919.
  331. eight
    the cardinal number that is the sum of seven and one
    The Picasso brought $106.5 million at the end of an eight-minute-long contest in which four contenders were still taking part in the fray by the time bidding rose above $87 million.
  332. display
    something intended to communicate a particular impression
    Modigliani’s portrait of his companion “Jeanne Hébuterne With a Necklace,” which displayed the artist’s typical distortion of the human body, went up to $13.8 million.
  333. latest
    up to the immediate present; most recent or most up-to-date
    Blog ArtsBeat The latest on the arts, coverage of live events, critical reviews, multimedia extravaganzas and much more.
  334. effective
    producing or capable of producing an intended result
    As at Christie’s, paintings, drawings or sculpture with a punch effective from ten yards away often shot high above the upper end of the estimate.
  335. realized
    successfully completed or brought to an end
    Camille Pissarro’s splendid close-up view of “The Garden of Octave Mirbeau at Damps (Eure)” realized $2.65 million, topping the high estimate by more than a third, and Claude Monet’s summertime landscape (titled “Effet de Printemps à Giverny” despite the haystacks visible in the distance) climbed to $15.2 million.
  336. buy
    obtain by purchase
    Over half a century ago, a Los Angeles couple, Frances and Sidney Brody, began to buy modern art with that rare insight and did so throughout their life.
  337. sustain
    lengthen or extend in duration or space
    On Wednesday night, Sotheby’s sale confirmed that expressive art, with strong outlines easily recognized and an impact that does not require sustained attention, fascinates present-day bidders.
  338. respond
    show a reaction to something
    This week, bidders responding to the expressiveness of the beautiful picture set a world auction record for Braque at $10.16 million.
  339. magnificent
    characterized by grandeur
    A magnificent charcoal portrait of a woman by Matisse, “Souty (Premier État)” that leaped off the wall at the viewing multiplied the high estimate more than three times as it climbed to $2.32 million.
  340. included
    enclosed in the same envelope or package
    Interestingly, the sale included two outstanding Impressionist paintings which performed better than expected.
  341. price
    the amount of money needed to purchase something
    Abstraction, if carried by the same strong contrasting colors and clear-cut motifs, did just as well when the quality of the works warranted high prices.
  342. animal
    a living organism characterized by voluntary movement
    Was it the less common green and brown patination or the rare animal subject that sent a mangy-looking cat into the stratosphere?
  343. event
    something that happens at a given place and time
    Blog ArtsBeat The latest on the arts, coverage of live events, critical reviews, multimedia extravaganzas and much more.
  344. desperate
    a person who is frightened and in need of help
    Desperate to secure the Brody hoard, the auction house had resorted to giving “guarantees” (the procedure commits the auction house to pay consignors a specified amount whether the works sell or not).
  345. acquired
    gotten through environmental forces
    Around 1936, when the legendary New York dealer Paul Rosenberg acquired it from Picasso, such pictures were seen as prankish creations, which made them virtually unsalable.
  346. charge
    assign a duty, responsibility or obligation to
    The estimate, $1.2 to $1.8 million, plus the sale charge, would have killed it until recently.
  347. contest
    a struggle between rivals
    The Picasso brought $106.5 million at the end of an eight-minute-long contest in which four contenders were still taking part in the fray by the time bidding rose above $87 million.
  348. enthusiasm
    a feeling of excitement
    Immediately after, Georges Braque’s “La Treille” was greeted with equally unexpected enthusiasm on a considerably larger scale.
  349. record
    anything providing permanent evidence about past events
    This week, bidders responding to the expressiveness of the beautiful picture set a world auction record for Braque at $10.16 million.
  350. generous
    willing to give and share unstintingly
    Kandinsky’s “Deepened Impulse,” with its floating intersecting colored discs, sold for $5.68 million, matching a rather generous middle estimate.
  351. session
    a meeting for execution of a group's functions
    The great success story of the session was a beautiful “Bouquet of Flowers for the 14th of July,” painted by Matisse in 1919.
  352. impulse
    an impelling force or strength
    Kandinsky’s “Deepened Impulse,” with its floating intersecting colored discs, sold for $5.68 million, matching a rather generous middle estimate.
  353. confirm
    strengthen
    On Wednesday night, Sotheby’s sale confirmed that expressive art, with strong outlines easily recognized and an impact that does not require sustained attention, fascinates present-day bidders.
  354. mostly
    in large part; mainly or chiefly
    Here, it was Alberto Giacometti’s bronze sculpture that proved irresistible with its lanky, linear, rugged figures mostly patinated in blackish colors.
  355. edition
    the form in which a text is published
    At $20.8 million, the animal, cast in an edition of eight, somehow exceeded, if only very slightly, an estimate that had seemed absurdly ambitious.
  356. sales
    income (at invoice values) received for goods and services over some given period of time
    * More Arts News This week, Christie’s and Sotheby’s were holding their mid-spring sales of “Impressionist and Modern art.”
  357. atmosphere
    the envelope of gases surrounding any celestial body
    All 27 works billed as “property from the collection of Mrs. Sidney F. Brody” sold in an Alice-in-Wonderland atmosphere adding up to a huge $225.17 million.
  358. colored
    having color or a certain color
    Kandinsky’s “Deepened Impulse,” with its floating intersecting colored discs, sold for $5.68 million, matching a rather generous middle estimate.
  359. establishment
    the act of forming something
    That search for expressiveness is the fundamental reason accounting for the extraordinary rise of the one-day cartoon-like portraits that Picasso, full of contempt for the bourgeois establishment, dashed off in a derisive mood.
  360. somehow
    in some unspecified way or manner
    At $20.8 million, the animal, cast in an edition of eight, somehow exceeded, if only very slightly, an estimate that had seemed absurdly ambitious.
  361. privilege
    a special advantage or benefit not enjoyed by all
    A very few privileged collectors have an astonishing aptitude at anticipating future trends, sometimes by decades.
  362. commercial
    connected with or engaged in the exchange of goods
    At $53.28 million, the commercial ascent of “Grande tête mince” was every bit as astounding, and culturally significant, as the record-breaking Picasso.
  363. review
    look at again; examine again
    Blog ArtsBeat The latest on the arts, coverage of live events, critical reviews, multimedia extravaganzas and much more.
  364. extended
    fully stretched forth
    The search for expressiveness extended to three-dimensional modern art, propelling some works to previously unimaginable levels.
  365. striking
    having a quality that thrusts itself into attention
    Two lots down, Isamu Noguchi’s “Undine (Nadja),” a Manneristic bronze cast in 1927 in a style that could have been that of French sculptors working in the 1880s, but striking enough with its flowing movement as if the woman were swirling on her toes, drove bidders nuts.
  366. more than
    (comparative of `much' used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree
    A magnificent charcoal portrait of a woman by Matisse, “Souty (Premier État)” that leaped off the wall at the viewing multiplied the high estimate more than three times as it climbed to $2.32 million.
  367. mood
    a characteristic state of feeling
    That search for expressiveness is the fundamental reason accounting for the extraordinary rise of the one-day cartoon-like portraits that Picasso, full of contempt for the bourgeois establishment, dashed off in a derisive mood.
  368. headed
    having a head of a specified kind or anything that serves as a head; often used in combination
    The Winning Card at Auction: Expressiveness By SOUREN MELIKIAN Published: May 7, 2010 If you want to find out in which direction Western culture is headed, watch the auction scene.
  369. astonish
    affect with wonder
    A very few privileged collectors have an astonishing aptitude at anticipating future trends, sometimes by decades.
  370. visible
    capable of being seen or open to easy view
    Camille Pissarro’s splendid close-up view of “The Garden of Octave Mirbeau at Damps (Eure)” realized $2.65 million, topping the high estimate by more than a third, and Claude Monet’s summertime landscape (titled “Effet de Printemps à Giverny” despite the haystacks visible in the distance) climbed to $15.2 million.
  371. expert
    a person with special knowledge who performs skillfully
    Their experts excel at singing the merits of their goods to potential buyers.
  372. dash
    run or move very quickly
    That search for expressiveness is the fundamental reason accounting for the extraordinary rise of the one-day cartoon-like portraits that Picasso, full of contempt for the bourgeois establishment, dashed off in a derisive mood.
  373. burden
    weight to be carried or borne
    The managers then felt it prudent to fend off a potentially catastrophic loss by getting a third party to shoulder the entire burden of the guarantee.
  374. greet
    express greetings upon meeting someone
    Immediately after, Georges Braque’s “La Treille” was greeted with equally unexpected enthusiasm on a considerably larger scale.
  375. bold
    fearless and daring
    Like the $106.5-million Picasso, “Grande tête mince” (Big Thin Head), as catalogs call the model, had induced Christie’s bosses, presumably scared by their bold $25- to $35-million estimate, to negotiate a full third-party guarantee.
  376. self
    your consciousness of your own identity
    Only a few years ago, the opening lot, a self-portrait by Édouard Vuillard, would not have sold easily.
  377. beautiful
    pleasing to the senses
    This week, bidders responding to the expressiveness of the beautiful picture set a world auction record for Braque at $10.16 million.
  378. top
    the upper part of anything
    This transforms the auction into a dealer-style transaction spiced with a gamble — any amount on top of the guarantee is shared between the consignor and the auction house.
  379. put on
    put clothing on one's body
    This year, Christie’s put on the Picasso a $70 million to $90 million estimate, plus the sale charge, presumably in order to persuade the consignor to part with the picture.
  380. float
    be on or below a liquid surface and not sink to the bottom
    Kandinsky’s “Deepened Impulse,” with its floating intersecting colored discs, sold for $5.68 million, matching a rather generous middle estimate.
  381. discussion
    an extended communication dealing with a particular topic
    Join the discussion.
  382. recognized
    generally approved or compelling recognition
    On Wednesday night, Sotheby’s sale confirmed that expressive art, with strong outlines easily recognized and an impact that does not require sustained attention, fascinates present-day bidders.
  383. slightly
    to a small degree or extent
    At $20.8 million, the animal, cast in an edition of eight, somehow exceeded, if only very slightly, an estimate that had seemed absurdly ambitious.
  384. effects
    property of a personal character that is portable
    But just as there are still readers capable of being tempted by literature, so do some find bliss in the subtle harmonies of coloristic shades and light effects.
  385. manager
    someone who controls resources and expenditures
    The managers then felt it prudent to fend off a potentially catastrophic loss by getting a third party to shoulder the entire burden of the guarantee.
  386. splendid
    characterized by grandeur
    Camille Pissarro’s splendid close-up view of “The Garden of Octave Mirbeau at Damps (Eure)” realized $2.65 million, topping the high estimate by more than a third, and Claude Monet’s summertime landscape (titled “Effet de Printemps à Giverny” despite the haystacks visible in the distance) climbed to $15.2 million.
  387. developed
    being changed over time, as to be stronger or more complete
    In 1932, the Paris school master developed a very specific style characterized by broad curving outlines and a resurgence of the Fauve colors of the early 1900s.
  388. nearly
    slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but
    Add Giacometti’s bronze arm (“La Main”), cast in 1948 and sold for $25.84, nearly 50 percent above the high estimate, and there can be little doubt that expressiveness, no matter how simplistic, has become the winning card at auction.
  389. retain
    secure and keep for possible future use or application
    Christie’s ran the detail of an early painting by Edvard Munch who would later become a leading Expressionist and Sotheby’s reproduced a Matisse still life retaining a faint whiff of the master’s Fauve period.
  390. scale
    an ordered reference standard
    Immediately after, Georges Braque’s “La Treille” was greeted with equally unexpected enthusiasm on a considerably larger scale.
  391. singing
    the act of singing vocal music
    Their experts excel at singing the merits of their goods to potential buyers.
  392. include
    have as a part; be made up out of
    Interestingly, the sale included two outstanding Impressionist paintings which performed better than expected.
  393. cat
    feline mammal usually having thick soft fur
    Was it the less common green and brown patination or the rare animal subject that sent a mangy-looking cat into the stratosphere?
  394. prove
    establish the validity of something
    Here, it was Alberto Giacometti’s bronze sculpture that proved irresistible with its lanky, linear, rugged figures mostly patinated in blackish colors.
  395. singe
    burn superficially or lightly
    Their experts excel at singing the merits of their goods to potential buyers.
  396. win
    a victory (as in a race or other competition)
    The Winning Card at Auction: Expressiveness By SOUREN MELIKIAN Published: May 7, 2010 If you want to find out in which direction Western culture is headed, watch the auction scene.
  397. attract
    exert a force on
    An equally significant cultural landmark attracted less attention.
  398. merit
    the quality of being deserving
    Their experts excel at singing the merits of their goods to potential buyers.
  399. ability
    the quality of having the means or skills to do something
    These require an ability to contemplate, incompatible with the short attention span of the age.
  400. More
    English statesman who opposed Henry VIII's divorce from Catherine of Aragon and was imprisoned and beheaded; recalled for his concept of Utopia, the ideal state
    * More Arts News This week, Christie’s and Sotheby’s were holding their mid-spring sales of “Impressionist and Modern art.”
  401. find out
    find out, learn, or determine with certainty, usually by making an inquiry or other effort
    The Winning Card at Auction: Expressiveness By SOUREN MELIKIAN Published: May 7, 2010 If you want to find out in which direction Western culture is headed, watch the auction scene.
  402. capable
    having ability
    But just as there are still readers capable of being tempted by literature, so do some find bliss in the subtle harmonies of coloristic shades and light effects.
  403. go up
    move upward
    Modigliani’s portrait of his companion “Jeanne Hébuterne With a Necklace,” which displayed the artist’s typical distortion of the human body, went up to $13.8 million.
  404. work in
    add by mixing or blending on or attaching
    Two lots down, Isamu Noguchi’s “Undine (Nadja),” a Manneristic bronze cast in 1927 in a style that could have been that of French sculptors working in the 1880s, but striking enough with its flowing movement as if the woman were swirling on her toes, drove bidders nuts.
  405. worry
    a strong feeling of anxiety
    They need not have worried.
  406. despite
    contemptuous disregard
    Camille Pissarro’s splendid close-up view of “The Garden of Octave Mirbeau at Damps (Eure)” realized $2.65 million, topping the high estimate by more than a third, and Claude Monet’s summertime landscape (titled “Effet de Printemps à Giverny” despite the haystacks visible in the distance) climbed to $15.2 million.
  407. flying
    an instance of traveling by air
    This week, ecstatic bidders sent the self-portrait flying to $2.65 million.
  408. performance
    the act of doing something successfully
    Yet this pales by comparison with the performance of one of Giacometti’s bronze busts in which those who knew Diego Giacometti can recognize the features of Alberto’s brother with his bushy eyebrows and perennial turtleneck sweater underneath the distortion.
  409. ago
    gone by; or in the past
    Over half a century ago, a Los Angeles couple, Frances and Sidney Brody, began to buy modern art with that rare insight and did so throughout their life.
  410. drove
    a group of animals (a herd or flock) moving together
    Two lots down, Isamu Noguchi’s “Undine (Nadja),” a Manneristic bronze cast in 1927 in a style that could have been that of French sculptors working in the 1880s, but striking enough with its flowing movement as if the woman were swirling on her toes, drove bidders nuts.
  411. model
    a representation of something, often on a smaller scale
    Like the $106.5-million Picasso, “Grande tête mince” (Big Thin Head), as catalogs call the model, had induced Christie’s bosses, presumably scared by their bold $25- to $35-million estimate, to negotiate a full third-party guarantee.
  412. secure
    free from danger or risk
    Desperate to secure the Brody hoard, the auction house had resorted to giving “guarantees” (the procedure commits the auction house to pay consignors a specified amount whether the works sell or not).
  413. extraordinary
    highly unusual or exceptional or remarkable
    That search for expressiveness is the fundamental reason accounting for the extraordinary rise of the one-day cartoon-like portraits that Picasso, full of contempt for the bourgeois establishment, dashed off in a derisive mood.
  414. up to
    busy or occupied with
    All 27 works billed as “property from the collection of Mrs. Sidney F. Brody” sold in an Alice-in-Wonderland atmosphere adding up to a huge $225.17 million.
  415. common
    having no special distinction or quality
    Expressiveness is their common denominator, and expressiveness is what buyers now run after.
  416. doubt
    the state of being unsure of something
    “Nude, Green Leaves and Bust” stayed with the dealer for 15 years until the Brodys bought it on Jan. 2, 1951, no doubt for well under $100,000.
  417. leap
    move forward by bounds
    A magnificent charcoal portrait of a woman by Matisse, “Souty (Premier État)” that leaped off the wall at the viewing multiplied the high estimate more than three times as it climbed to $2.32 million.
  418. Western
    a film or novel about life in the western United States during the period of exploration and development
    The Winning Card at Auction: Expressiveness By SOUREN MELIKIAN Published: May 7, 2010 If you want to find out in which direction Western culture is headed, watch the auction scene.
  419. faint
    lacking clarity, brightness, or loudness
    Christie’s ran the detail of an early painting by Edvard Munch who would later become a leading Expressionist and Sotheby’s reproduced a Matisse still life retaining a faint whiff of the master’s Fauve period.
  420. literature
    writings in a particular style on a particular subject
    But just as there are still readers capable of being tempted by literature, so do some find bliss in the subtle harmonies of coloristic shades and light effects.
  421. shade
    relative darkness caused when sunlight is blocked
    But just as there are still readers capable of being tempted by literature, so do some find bliss in the subtle harmonies of coloristic shades and light effects.
  422. truly
    in accordance with fact or reality
    Although no longer truly Fauve, the contrasting colors, and broadly painted composition, make the picture easily legible from the other end of the room.
  423. view
    the visual percept of a region
    A magnificent charcoal portrait of a woman by Matisse, “Souty (Premier État)” that leaped off the wall at the viewing multiplied the high estimate more than three times as it climbed to $2.32 million.
  424. on board
    on a ship, train, plane or other vehicle
    The small picture on board laid on panel, offers a startling anticipation of Fauvism a decade later.
  425. larger
    large or big relative to something else
    Immediately after, Georges Braque’s “La Treille” was greeted with equally unexpected enthusiasm on a considerably larger scale.
  426. week
    any period of seven consecutive days
    * More Arts News This week, Christie’s and Sotheby’s were holding their mid-spring sales of “Impressionist and Modern art.”
  427. later
    happening at a time subsequent to a reference time
    Christie’s ran the detail of an early painting by Edvard Munch who would later become a leading Expressionist and Sotheby’s reproduced a Matisse still life retaining a faint whiff of the master’s Fauve period.
  428. section
    one of several parts or pieces that fit with others
    On Tuesday, a section of that collection was the hard core of Christie’s sale.
  429. master
    a person who has authority over others
    Christie’s ran the detail of an early painting by Edvard Munch who would later become a leading Expressionist and Sotheby’s reproduced a Matisse still life retaining a faint whiff of the master’s Fauve period.
  430. trace
    an indication that something has been present
    But of Impressionism there was no trace on the catalog covers.
  431. clearly
    without doubt or question
    Painted around 1953-1954, the picture is a throwback to the artist’s pre-World War I days, when Braque, remembering Fauvism, indulged in clearly defined contours and strong colors.
  432. thin
    of relatively small extent from one surface to the opposite
    Like the $106.5-million Picasso, “Grande tête mince” (Big Thin Head), as catalogs call the model, had induced Christie’s bosses, presumably scared by their bold $25- to $35-million estimate, to negotiate a full third-party guarantee.
  433. huge
    unusually great in amount or degree or extent or scope
    All 27 works billed as “property from the collection of Mrs. Sidney F. Brody” sold in an Alice-in-Wonderland atmosphere adding up to a huge $225.17 million.
  434. couple
    two items of the same kind
    Over half a century ago, a Los Angeles couple, Frances and Sidney Brody, began to buy modern art with that rare insight and did so throughout their life.
  435. around
    in the area or vicinity
    Painted around 1953-1954, the picture is a throwback to the artist’s pre-World War I days, when Braque, remembering Fauvism, indulged in clearly defined contours and strong colors.
  436. out in
    enter a harbor
    The Winning Card at Auction: Expressiveness By SOUREN MELIKIAN Published: May 7, 2010 If you want to find out in which direction Western culture is headed, watch the auction scene.
  437. published
    prepared and printed for distribution and sale
    The Winning Card at Auction: Expressiveness By SOUREN MELIKIAN Published: May 7, 2010 If you want to find out in which direction Western culture is headed, watch the auction scene.
  438. flow
    move along, of liquids
    Two lots down, Isamu Noguchi’s “Undine (Nadja),” a Manneristic bronze cast in 1927 in a style that could have been that of French sculptors working in the 1880s, but striking enough with its flowing movement as if the woman were swirling on her toes, drove bidders nuts.
  439. sent
    caused or enabled to go or be conveyed or transmitted
    This week, ecstatic bidders sent the self-portrait flying to $2.65 million.
  440. commit
    engage in or perform
    Desperate to secure the Brody hoard, the auction house had resorted to giving “guarantees” (the procedure commits the auction house to pay consignors a specified amount whether the works sell or not).
  441. July
    the month following June and preceding August
    The great success story of the session was a beautiful “Bouquet of Flowers for the 14th of July,” painted by Matisse in 1919.
  442. head
    the upper part of the human body or the body in animals
    The Winning Card at Auction: Expressiveness By SOUREN MELIKIAN Published: May 7, 2010 If you want to find out in which direction Western culture is headed, watch the auction scene.
  443. throughout
    from first to last
    Over half a century ago, a Los Angeles couple, Frances and Sidney Brody, began to buy modern art with that rare insight and did so throughout their life.
  444. entire
    constituting the full quantity or extent; complete
    The managers then felt it prudent to fend off a potentially catastrophic loss by getting a third party to shoulder the entire burden of the guarantee.
  445. message
    a communication that is written or spoken or signaled
    But it added an important footnote to the message.
  446. off
    from a particular thing or place or position
    That search for expressiveness is the fundamental reason accounting for the extraordinary rise of the one-day cartoon-like portraits that Picasso, full of contempt for the bourgeois establishment, dashed off in a derisive mood.
  447. time
    the continuum of experience in which events pass to the past
    It says everything about the culture of our time that such a picture should now be the most expensive work of art ever sold at auction.
  448. times
    a more or less definite period of time now or previously present
    A magnificent charcoal portrait of a woman by Matisse, “Souty (Premier État)” that leaped off the wall at the viewing multiplied the high estimate more than three times as it climbed to $2.32 million.
  449. pale
    very light in color or highly diluted with white
    Yet this pales by comparison with the performance of one of Giacometti’s bronze busts in which those who knew Diego Giacometti can recognize the features of Alberto’s brother with his bushy eyebrows and perennial turtleneck sweater underneath the distortion.
  450. spring
    move forward by leaps and bounds
    * More Arts News This week, Christie’s and Sotheby’s were holding their mid-spring sales of “Impressionist and Modern art.”
  451. bid
    propose a payment
    The Picasso brought $106.5 million at the end of an eight-minute-long contest in which four contenders were still taking part in the fray by the time bidding rose above $87 million.
  452. perform
    get done
    Interestingly, the sale included two outstanding Impressionist paintings which performed better than expected.
  453. broad
    having great extent from one side to the other
    In 1932, the Paris school master developed a very specific style characterized by broad curving outlines and a resurgence of the Fauve colors of the early 1900s.
  454. feature
    a prominent attribute or aspect of something
    Yet this pales by comparison with the performance of one of Giacometti’s bronze busts in which those who knew Diego Giacometti can recognize the features of Alberto’s brother with his bushy eyebrows and perennial turtleneck sweater underneath the distortion.
  455. title
    the name of a work of art or literary composition
    Camille Pissarro’s splendid close-up view of “The Garden of Octave Mirbeau at Damps (Eure)” realized $2.65 million, topping the high estimate by more than a third, and Claude Monet’s summertime landscape (titled “Effet de Printemps à Giverny” despite the haystacks visible in the distance) climbed to $15.2 million.
  456. opening
    an open or empty space in or between things
    Only a few years ago, the opening lot, a self-portrait by Édouard Vuillard, would not have sold easily.
  457. March
    the month following February and preceding April
    Mrs. Sidney Brody’s “Nude, Green Leaves and Bust” painted on March 8, 1932 is the ultimate in Picasso’s 1932 style.
  458. hit
    deal a blow to, either with the hand or with an instrument
    Utterly different, it too hit the eye across the room.
  459. drawing
    a representation of forms or objects on a surface by means of lines
    As at Christie’s, paintings, drawings or sculpture with a punch effective from ten yards away often shot high above the upper end of the estimate.
  460. leading
    going or proceeding or going in advance; showing the way
    Christie’s ran the detail of an early painting by Edvard Munch who would later become a leading Expressionist and Sotheby’s reproduced a Matisse still life retaining a faint whiff of the master’s Fauve period.
  461. holding
    the act of retaining something
    * More Arts News This week, Christie’s and Sotheby’s were holding their mid-spring sales of “Impressionist and Modern art.”
  462. full
    containing as much or as many as is possible or normal
    That search for expressiveness is the fundamental reason accounting for the extraordinary rise of the one-day cartoon-like portraits that Picasso, full of contempt for the bourgeois establishment, dashed off in a derisive mood.
  463. brown
    of a color similar to that of wood or earth
    Was it the less common green and brown patination or the rare animal subject that sent a mangy-looking cat into the stratosphere?
  464. still
    not in physical motion
    Christie’s ran the detail of an early painting by Edvard Munch who would later become a leading Expressionist and Sotheby’s reproduced a Matisse still life retaining a faint whiff of the master’s Fauve period.
  465. party
    an occasion on which people gather to socialize and have fun
    The managers then felt it prudent to fend off a potentially catastrophic loss by getting a third party to shoulder the entire burden of the guarantee.
  466. extend
    stretch out over a distance, space, time, or scope
    The search for expressiveness extended to three-dimensional modern art, propelling some works to previously unimaginable levels.
  467. develop
    progress or evolve through a process of natural growth
    In 1932, the Paris school master developed a very specific style characterized by broad curving outlines and a resurgence of the Fauve colors of the early 1900s.
  468. level
    a relative position or degree of value in a graded group
    The search for expressiveness extended to three-dimensional modern art, propelling some works to previously unimaginable levels.
  469. no doubt
    admittedly
    “Nude, Green Leaves and Bust” stayed with the dealer for 15 years until the Brodys bought it on Jan. 2, 1951, no doubt for well under $100,000.
  470. reader
    a person who can read; a literate person
    But just as there are still readers capable of being tempted by literature, so do some find bliss in the subtle harmonies of coloristic shades and light effects.
  471. less
    a quantifier meaning not as great in amount or degree
    An equally significant cultural landmark attracted less attention.
  472. Paul
    a Christian missionary to the Gentiles
    Around 1936, when the legendary New York dealer Paul Rosenberg acquired it from Picasso, such pictures were seen as prankish creations, which made them virtually unsalable.
  473. add
    join or combine or unite with others
    Add Giacometti’s bronze arm (“La Main”), cast in 1948 and sold for $25.84, nearly 50 percent above the high estimate, and there can be little doubt that expressiveness, no matter how simplistic, has become the winning card at auction.
  474. break
    destroy the integrity of
    In breaking the magic $100-million barrier, Christie’s made art market history.
  475. house
    a dwelling that serves as living quarters for a family
    Desperate to secure the Brody hoard, the auction house had resorted to giving “guarantees” (the procedure commits the auction house to pay consignors a specified amount whether the works sell or not).
  476. detail
    a small part considered separately from the whole
    Christie’s ran the detail of an early painting by Edvard Munch who would later become a leading Expressionist and Sotheby’s reproduced a Matisse still life retaining a faint whiff of the master’s Fauve period.
  477. publish
    prepare and issue for public distribution or sale
    The Winning Card at Auction: Expressiveness By SOUREN MELIKIAN Published: May 7, 2010 If you want to find out in which direction Western culture is headed, watch the auction scene.
  478. best
    having the most positive qualities
    At best, it might have matched the $3-million lower end of the estimate.
  479. main
    most important element
    Add Giacometti’s bronze arm (“La Main”), cast in 1948 and sold for $25.84, nearly 50 percent above the high estimate, and there can be little doubt that expressiveness, no matter how simplistic, has become the winning card at auction.
  480. quality
    an essential and distinguishing attribute of something
    Abstraction, if carried by the same strong contrasting colors and clear-cut motifs, did just as well when the quality of the works warranted high prices.
  481. four
    the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one
    The Picasso brought $106.5 million at the end of an eight-minute-long contest in which four contenders were still taking part in the fray by the time bidding rose above $87 million.
  482. yard
    enclosed land around a house or other building
    As at Christie’s, paintings, drawings or sculpture with a punch effective from ten yards away often shot high above the upper end of the estimate.
  483. rise
    move upward
    That search for expressiveness is the fundamental reason accounting for the extraordinary rise of the one-day cartoon-like portraits that Picasso, full of contempt for the bourgeois establishment, dashed off in a derisive mood.
  484. Mrs
    a form of address for a married woman
    All 27 works billed as “property from the collection of Mrs. Sidney F. Brody” sold in an Alice-in-Wonderland atmosphere adding up to a huge $225.17 million.
  485. loss
    the act of losing someone or something
    The managers then felt it prudent to fend off a potentially catastrophic loss by getting a third party to shoulder the entire burden of the guarantee.
  486. companion
    a friend who is frequently with another
    Modigliani’s portrait of his companion “Jeanne Hébuterne With a Necklace,” which displayed the artist’s typical distortion of the human body, went up to $13.8 million.
  487. property
    something owned
    All 27 works billed as “property from the collection of Mrs. Sidney F. Brody” sold in an Alice-in-Wonderland atmosphere adding up to a huge $225.17 million.
  488. no longer
    not now
    Although no longer truly Fauve, the contrasting colors, and broadly painted composition, make the picture easily legible from the other end of the room.
  489. corner
    the point where three areas or surfaces meet or intersect
    A livid white plaster head on a pedestal ambiguously leering out of the corner of its eye gives the composition extra eeriness.
  490. working
    a mine or quarry that is being or has been worked
    Two lots down, Isamu Noguchi’s “Undine (Nadja),” a Manneristic bronze cast in 1927 in a style that could have been that of French sculptors working in the 1880s, but striking enough with its flowing movement as if the woman were swirling on her toes, drove bidders nuts.
  491. send
    cause to go somewhere
    This week, ecstatic bidders sent the self-portrait flying to $2.65 million.
  492. green
    of the color between blue and yellow in the color spectrum
    Was it the less common green and brown patination or the rare animal subject that sent a mangy-looking cat into the stratosphere?
  493. market
    a store where groceries are sold
    In breaking the magic $100-million barrier, Christie’s made art market history.
  494. run
    move fast by using one's feet
    Christie’s ran the detail of an early painting by Edvard Munch who would later become a leading Expressionist and Sotheby’s reproduced a Matisse still life retaining a faint whiff of the master’s Fauve period.
  495. giving
    the act of giving
    Desperate to secure the Brody hoard, the auction house had resorted to giving “guarantees” (the procedure commits the auction house to pay consignors a specified amount whether the works sell or not).
  496. bit
    a small piece or quantity of something
    At $53.28 million, the commercial ascent of “Grande tête mince” was every bit as astounding, and culturally significant, as the record-breaking Picasso.
  497. expected
    considered likely or probable to happen or arrive
    Interestingly, the sale included two outstanding Impressionist paintings which performed better than expected.
  498. room
    an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling
    Although no longer truly Fauve, the contrasting colors, and broadly painted composition, make the picture easily legible from the other end of the room.
  499. lower
    move something or somebody to a lower position
    At best, it might have matched the $3-million lower end of the estimate.
  500. more
    greater in size or amount or extent or degree
    Blog ArtsBeat The latest on the arts, coverage of live events, critical reviews, multimedia extravaganzas and much more.
  501. stay
    continue in a place, position, or situation
    “Nude, Green Leaves and Bust” stayed with the dealer for 15 years until the Brodys bought it on Jan. 2, 1951, no doubt for well under $100,000.
  502. May
    the month following April and preceding June
    The Winning Card at Auction: Expressiveness By SOUREN MELIKIAN Published: May 7, 2010 If you want to find out in which direction Western culture is headed, watch the auction scene.
  503. garden
    a plot of ground where plants are cultivated
    Camille Pissarro’s splendid close-up view of “The Garden of Octave Mirbeau at Damps (Eure)” realized $2.65 million, topping the high estimate by more than a third, and Claude Monet’s summertime landscape (titled “Effet de Printemps à Giverny” despite the haystacks visible in the distance) climbed to $15.2 million.
  504. movement
    change of position that does not entail a change of location
    Two lots down, Isamu Noguchi’s “Undine (Nadja),” a Manneristic bronze cast in 1927 in a style that could have been that of French sculptors working in the 1880s, but striking enough with its flowing movement as if the woman were swirling on her toes, drove bidders nuts.
  505. immediately
    without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening
    Immediately after, Georges Braque’s “La Treille” was greeted with equally unexpected enthusiasm on a considerably larger scale.
  506. shoulder
    a ball-and-socket joint between the head of the humerus and a cavity of the scapula
    The managers then felt it prudent to fend off a potentially catastrophic loss by getting a third party to shoulder the entire burden of the guarantee.
  507. middle
    an area that is approximately central within some larger region
    Kandinsky’s “Deepened Impulse,” with its floating intersecting colored discs, sold for $5.68 million, matching a rather generous middle estimate.
  508. share
    assets belonging to an individual person or group
    This transforms the auction into a dealer-style transaction spiced with a gamble — any amount on top of the guarantee is shared between the consignor and the auction house.
  509. shot
    the act of firing a projectile
    As at Christie’s, paintings, drawings or sculpture with a punch effective from ten yards away often shot high above the upper end of the estimate.
  510. flower
    reproductive organ of plants especially if showy or colorful
    The great success story of the session was a beautiful “Bouquet of Flowers for the 14th of July,” painted by Matisse in 1919.
  511. few
    a small number of the persons or things being discussed
    A very few privileged collectors have an astonishing aptitude at anticipating future trends, sometimes by decades.
  512. Paris
    (Greek mythology) the prince of Troy who abducted Helen from her husband Menelaus and provoked the Trojan War
    In 1932, the Paris school master developed a very specific style characterized by broad curving outlines and a resurgence of the Fauve colors of the early 1900s.
  513. bite
    to grip, cut off, or tear with or as if with the teeth or jaws
    At $53.28 million, the commercial ascent of “Grande tête mince” was every bit as astounding, and culturally significant, as the record-breaking Picasso.
  514. direction
    a line leading to a place or point
    The Winning Card at Auction: Expressiveness By SOUREN MELIKIAN Published: May 7, 2010 If you want to find out in which direction Western culture is headed, watch the auction scene.
  515. laid
    set down according to a plan
    The small picture on board laid on panel, offers a startling anticipation of Fauvism a decade later.
Created on Sun May 09 08:31:19 EDT 2010

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