christian terrorism

Lili L. (United States of America)
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  1. pipe bomb
    a small homemade bomb usually contained in a metal pipe
    In 1999 Pastor Clifford Peeples of the Bethel Pentecostal Church was convicted of offences under the Prevention of Terrorism Act and sentenced to ten years imprisonment after being found in possession of hand grenades and a pipe bomb intended for use against Catholics.[11]
  2. swami
    a Hindu religious teacher; used as a title of respect
    John Joseph, the Christian representative of the National Minority Commission, stated in 2000 that foreign funds used for Christian terrorism in the northeast are routed through Christians in Kerala.[28]
    [edit] Orissa
    See also: Religious violence in Orissa

    In 2007 a tribal spiritual Hindu monk, Swami Lakshmanananda Saraswati, accused Radhakant Nayak, chief of a local chapter of World Vision, and a former Rajya Sabha member from Orissa in the Indian National Congress party, of plottin...
  3. incarcerate
    lock up or confine, in or as in a jail
    Other notable individuals convicted for terrorism offences include Pastor Kenny McClinton, a convicted murderer who once advocated beheading Roman Catholics and impaling their heads on railings, and Billy Wright, a Born again Christian preacher who became one of the most feared paramilitary figures in Northern Ireland before being assassinated whilst incarcerated in prison.[13]
    [edit] India
    [edit] Tripura and Assam

    The National Liberation Front of Tripura (NLFT), a rebel group operat...
  4. unambiguously
    in an unambiguous manner
    Some commentators have stated that the events were unambiguously Christian terrorism,[43][44] whereas others have rejected the Christian terrorist label.[45]
    [edit] Romania

    Orthodox Christian movements in Romania, such as the Iron Guard and Lăncieri, which have been characterized by Yad Vashem and Stanley G. Payne as anti-semitic and fascist, respectively, were responsible for involvement in the Bucharest pogrom, and political murders during the 1930s.[46][47][48][49](p37)[50]
    [edit]...
  5. ethnic minority
    a group that has different national or cultural traditions from the majority of the population
    Beginning after the Civil War, members of the Protestant-led,[62] Ku Klux Klan organization began engaging in arson, beatings, cross burning, destruction of property, lynching, murder, rape, tar-and-feathering, and whipping against African Americans, Jews, Catholics, and other social or ethnic minorities.
  6. terrorism
    the use of violence against civilians for ideological goals
    Christian terrorism comprises terrorist acts by groups or individuals who claim Christian motivations or goals for their actions.
  7. edit
    prepare for publication or presentation by revising
    Peter Steinfels characterizes this plot as a notable case of religious terrorism.[5]
    [edit] Northern Ireland
    Main article: The Troubles
    Unbalanced scales.svg
  8. Durga
    Hindu goddess of war; a malevolent aspect of Devi
    The NLFT has threatened to kill Hindus celebrating the annual five-day religious festival of Durga Puja and other religious celebrations.[20]
  9. terrorist
    a radical who advocates violence against civilians
    Christian terrorism comprises terrorist acts by groups or individuals who claim Christian motivations or goals for their actions.
  10. hand grenade
    a grenade designed to be thrown by hand
    In 1999 Pastor Clifford Peeples of the Bethel Pentecostal Church was convicted of offences under the Prevention of Terrorism Act and sentenced to ten years imprisonment after being found in possession of hand grenades and a pipe bomb intended for use against Catholics.[11]
  11. impale
    pierce with a sharp stake or point
    Other notable individuals convicted for terrorism offences include Pastor Kenny McClinton, a convicted murderer who once advocated beheading Roman Catholics and impaling their heads on railings, and Billy Wright, a Born again Christian preacher who became one of the most feared paramilitary figures in Northern Ireland before being assassinated whilst incarcerated in prison.[13]
    [edit] India
    [edit] Tripura and Assam

    The National Liberation Front of Tripura (NLFT), a rebel group operat...
  12. supremacist
    a person who believes that some group is superior to others
    [65] Many modern Klan organizations, such as the Knights Party, USA, continue to focus on the Christian supremacist message, asserting that there is a "war" on to destroy "western Christian civilization."
  13. fundamentalism
    the interpretation of sacred texts as literal truth
    Writing in The Guardian, Susan McKay discussed religious fundamentalism in connection with the murder of Martin O'Hagan, a former inmate of the Maze prison and a reporter on crime and the paramilitaries.
  14. Hindu
    of or relating to or supporting Hinduism
    The NLFT has threatened to kill Hindus celebrating the annual five-day religious festival of Durga Puja and other religious celebrations.[20]
  15. paramilitary
    of a group of civilians operating like or assisting the army
    Writing in The Guardian, Susan McKay discussed religious fundamentalism in connection with the murder of Martin O'Hagan, a former inmate of the Maze prison and a reporter on crime and the paramilitaries.
  16. behead
    cut the head of
    Other notable individuals convicted for terrorism offences include Pastor Kenny McClinton, a convicted murderer who once advocated beheading Roman Catholics and impaling their heads on railings, and Billy Wright, a Born again Christian preacher who became one of the most feared paramilitary figures in Northern Ireland before being assassinated whilst incarcerated in prison.[13]
    [edit] India
    [edit] Tripura and Assam

    The National Liberation Front of Tripura (NLFT), a rebel group operat...
  17. infiltrate
    pass through an enemy line in a military conflict
    In 2010, after an FBI agent infiltrated the group, nine of its members were indicted by a federal grand jury in Detroit on charges of seditious conspiracy to use of improvised explosive devices, teaching the use of explosive materials, and possessing a firearm during a crime of violence.[76]
  18. Pentecostal
    any member of a Pentecostal religious body
    In 1999 Pastor Clifford Peeples of the Bethel Pentecostal Church was convicted of offences under the Prevention of Terrorism Act and sentenced to ten years imprisonment after being found in possession of hand grenades and a pipe bomb intended for use against Catholics.[11]
  19. desecrate
    violate the sacred character of a place or language
    They also desecrated temples by painting crosses on the walls with their blood.[26]
  20. tribal
    relating to or characteristic of a clan or social group
    A leader of the Jamatia tribe, Rampada Jamatia, said that armed NLFT militants were forcibly converting tribal villagers to Christianity, which he said was a serious threat to Hinduism.[21]
  21. life sentence
    a prison term lasting as long as the prisoner lives
    Pastor John Somerville, an associate of Peeples, had previously been convicted under the Prevention of Terrorism Act and had received a life sentence for his part in the Miami Showband massacre.[12]
  22. motivate
    give an incentive for action
    Other notable individuals convicted for terrorism offences include Pastor Kenny McClinton, a convicted murderer who once advocated beheading Roman Catholics and impaling their heads on railings, and Billy Wright, a Born again Christian preacher who became one of the most feared paramilitary figures in Northern Ireland before being assassinated whilst incarcerated in prison.[13]
    [edit] India
    [edit] Tripura and Assam

    The National Liberation Front of Tripura (NLFT), a rebel group operating in ...
  23. extremist
    a person who holds radical views
    In Assam, the Manmasi National Christian Army (MNCA), an extremist group from the Hmar tribe, were charged with forcing Hindus to convert at gunpoint.[25]
  24. indict
    accuse formally of a crime
    In 2010, after an FBI agent infiltrated the group, nine of its members were indicted by a federal grand jury in Detroit on charges of seditious conspiracy to use of improvised explosive devices, teaching the use of explosive materials, and possessing a firearm during a crime of violence.[76]
  25. firearm
    a portable gun
    In 2010, after an FBI agent infiltrated the group, nine of its members were indicted by a federal grand jury in Detroit on charges of seditious conspiracy to use of improvised explosive devices, teaching the use of explosive materials, and possessing a firearm during a crime of violence.[76]
  26. convert
    change the nature, purpose, or function of something
    [14] It is classified by the National Memorial Institute for the Prevention of Terrorism as one of the ten most active terrorist groups in the world, and has been accused of forcefully converting people to Christianity.[15][16]
  27. motivation
    psychological feature arousing action toward a desired goal
    Christian terrorism comprises terrorist acts by groups or individuals who claim Christian motivations or goals for their actions.
  28. militant
    engaged in war
    A leader of the Jamatia tribe, Rampada Jamatia, said that armed NLFT militants were forcibly converting tribal villagers to Christianity, which he said was a serious threat to Hinduism.[21]
  29. improvise
    manage in a makeshift way; do with whatever is at hand
    In 2010, after an FBI agent infiltrated the group, nine of its members were indicted by a federal grand jury in Detroit on charges of seditious conspiracy to use of improvised explosive devices, teaching the use of explosive materials, and possessing a firearm during a crime of violence.[76]
  30. right-wing
    believing in or supporting tenets of the political right
    Analyses of his motivations have recognized a complex interplay of Christian terrorist inclinations with non-religious, right-wing beliefs.[40][41][42]
  31. Christianity
    a monotheistic system of beliefs and practices based on the Old Testament and the teachings of Jesus as embodied in the New Testament and emphasizing the role of Jesus as savior
    Professor Mark Juergensmeyer has also argued that some acts of terrorism were "religious terrorism... - in these cases, Christianity".[7]:19-20 Others, such as John Hickey, take a more guarded view.[8]
  32. gangster
    a criminal who is a member of an association of criminals
    She attributed the murder to a "range of reasons," including "the gangsters didn't like what he wrote".
  33. arson
    malicious burning to destroy property
    Beginning after the Civil War, members of the Protestant-led,[62] Ku Klux Klan organization began engaging in arson, beatings, cross burning, destruction of property, lynching, murder, rape, tar-and-feathering, and whipping against African Americans, Jews, Catholics, and other social or ethnic minorities.
  34. kidnap
    take someone away against their will, often for ransom
    In December 2000, Labh Kumar Jamatia, a religious leader of the state's second largest Hindu group, was kidnapped by the NLFT, and found dead in a forest in Dalak village in southern Tripura.
  35. guerrilla
    a member of an irregular army that fights a stronger force
    In August 2000, a tribal Hindu spiritual leader, Shanti Tripura, was shot dead by about ten guerrillas belonging to the NLFT who said it wanted to convert all people in the state to Christianity.[22]
  36. explicitly
    in a clearly expressed manner
    The insurgency in Nagaland was originally led by the National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN), and it is continued today by a faction named "NSCN–Isaac Muivah", which explicitly calls for a "Nagalim for Christ".[17]
  37. loyalist
    a person who is faithful to a country, party, or cause
    The alleged killers claimed that they killed him for "crimes against the loyalist people".[9]
  38. dub
    new sounds added to a soundtrack
    RUC chief constable, Ronnie Flanagan dubbed Peeples and his associates "the demon pastors" – specialising in recounting lurid stories of Catholic savagery towards Protestants, and in finding biblical justifications for Protestant retaliation.[9]
  39. Hinduism
    a body of religious and philosophical beliefs and cultural practices native to India and based on a caste system; it is characterized by a belief in reincarnation, by a belief in a supreme being of many forms and natures, by the view that opposing theories are aspects of one eternal truth, and by a desire for liberation from earthly evils
    A leader of the Jamatia tribe, Rampada Jamatia, said that armed NLFT militants were forcibly converting tribal villagers to Christianity, which he said was a serious threat to Hinduism.[21]
  40. tenet
    a basic principle or belief that is accepted as true
    As with other forms of religious terrorism, Christian terrorists have relied on idiosyncratic or literal interpretations of the tenets of faith – in this case, the Bible.
  41. grenade
    a small explosive device thrown by hand
    In 1999 Pastor Clifford Peeples of the Bethel Pentecostal Church was convicted of offences under the Prevention of Terrorism Act and sentenced to ten years imprisonment after being found in possession of hand grenades and a pipe bomb intended for use against Catholics.[11]
  42. intimidate
    compel or deter by or as if by threats
    Their cross-burnings were conducted not only to intimidate targets, but to demonstrate their respect and reverence for Jesus Christ, and the lighting ritual was steeped in Christian symbolism, including the saying of prayers and singing of Christian hymns.
  43. state government
    the government of a state in the United States
    The state government reports that the Baptist Church of Tripura supplies arms and gives financial support to the NLFT.[15][16][18]
  44. scripture
    any writing that is regarded as sacred by a religious group
    Such groups have used Old Testament and New Testament scriptures to justify violence and killing or to seek to bring about the "end times" described in the New Testament,[1] while others have hoped to bring about a Christian theocracyEngland

    The early modern period in Britain saw religious conflict resulting from the Reformation and the introduction of Protestant state churches.[4]
  45. Protestant
    an adherent of Protestantism
    Such groups have used Old Testament and New Testament scriptures to justify violence and killing or to seek to bring about the "end times" described in the New Testament,[1] while others have hoped to bring about a Christian theocracyEngland

    The early modern period in Britain saw religious conflict resulting from the Reformation and the introduction of Protestant state churches.[4]
  46. centennial
    of or relating to or completing a period of 100 years
    The Centennial Olympic Park bombing in 1996, as well as subsequent attacks on an abortion clinic and a lesbian nightclub, were made by Eric Robert Rudolph; Michael Barkun, a professor at Syracuse University, considers Rudolph to likely fit the definition of a Christian terrorist, whereas James A. Aho, a professor at Idaho State University, argues instead that Rudolph was inspired only in part by religious considerations.[75]
  47. abduction
    the criminal act of carrying someone away by force
    Some commentators have stated that the events were unambiguously Christian terrorism,[43][44] whereas others have rejected the Christian terrorist label.[45]
    [edit] Romania

    Orthodox Christian movements in Romania, such as the Iron Guard and Lăncieri, which have been characterized by Yad Vashem and Stanley G. Payne as anti-semitic and fascist, respectively, were responsible for involvement in the Bucharest pogrom, and political murders during the 1930s.[46][47][48][49](p37)[50]
    [edit] Uganda...
  48. involvement
    the act of sharing in the activities of a group
    The non-governmental organization Justice on Trial disputed that there had been Maoist involvement, and quoted the Swami as claiming that Christian missionaries had earlier attacked him eight times.[34][35]
    [edit] Norway
    Main article: 2011 Norway attacks

    In July 2011, Anders Behring Breivik was arrested and charged with terrorism after a car bombing in Oslo and a mass shooting on Utøya island.[36]
  49. spiritualism
    the belief that the spirits of dead people can communicate with people who are still alive (especially via a medium)
    A quasi-religious movement that mixes some aspects of Christian and Islamic beliefs with its own brand of spiritualism,[52][53] it is led by Joseph Kony, who proclaims himself the spokesperson of God and a spirit medium, primarily of the "Holy Spirit" which the Acholi believe can represent itself in many manifestations.[page needed][54][54][55][56] LRA fighters wear rosary beads and recite passages from the Bible before battle.[52][57][58][dead link][59][60][61]
    [edit] United States
    S...
  50. allege
    report or maintain
    The alleged killers claimed that they killed him for "crimes against the loyalist people".[9]
  51. Testament
    either of the two main parts of the Christian Bible
    Such groups have used Old Testament and New Testament scriptures to justify violence and killing or to seek to bring about the "end times" described in the New Testament,[1] while others have hoped to bring about a Christian theocracyEngland

    The early modern period in Britain saw religious conflict resulting from the Reformation and the introduction of Protestant state churches.[4]
  52. seditious
    inciting action or rebellion
    In 2010, after an FBI agent infiltrated the group, nine of its members were indicted by a federal grand jury in Detroit on charges of seditious conspiracy to use of improvised explosive devices, teaching the use of explosive materials, and possessing a firearm during a crime of violence.[76]
  53. rosary
    a series of prayers counted using a string of beads
    A quasi-religious movement that mixes some aspects of Christian and Islamic beliefs with its own brand of spiritualism,[52][53] it is led by Joseph Kony, who proclaims himself the spokesperson of God and a spirit medium, primarily of the "Holy Spirit" which the Acholi believe can represent itself in many manifestations.[page needed][54][54][55][56] LRA fighters wear rosary beads and recite passages from the Bible before battle.[52][57][58][dead link][59][60][61]
    [edit] United States
    S...
  54. ideology
    an orientation that characterizes the thinking of a group
    They were explicitly Christian terrorist in ideology, basing their beliefs on a "religious foundation" in Christianity.
  55. primarily
    for the most part
    (July 2011)

    Some scholars, such as Steve Bruce, a sociology professor at the University of Aberdeen, argue that the conflict in Northern Ireland is primarily a religious conflict, its economic and social considerations notwithstanding.[6]
  56. include
    have as a part; be made up out of
    She attributed the murder to a "range of reasons," including "the gangsters didn't like what he wrote".
  57. comprise
    be made of
    Christian terrorism comprises terrorist acts by groups or individuals who claim Christian motivations or goals for their actions.
  58. bombing
    an attack by dropping bombs
    The non-governmental organization Justice on Trial disputed that there had been Maoist involvement, and quoted the Swami as claiming that Christian missionaries had earlier attacked him eight times.[34][35]
    [edit] Norway
    Main article: 2011 Norway attacks

    In July 2011, Anders Behring Breivik was arrested and charged with terrorism after a car bombing in Oslo and a mass shooting on Utøya island.[36]
  59. tiller
    someone who prepares the soil for the planting of crops
    The motive for anti-abortionist Scott Roeder murdering Wichita doctor George Tiller on May 31, 2009 was a belief that abortion is criminal and immoral, and that this belief went "hand in hand" with his religious beliefs.[73][74]
  60. Orthodox
    of or relating to or characteristic of the Eastern Orthodox Church
    Some commentators have stated that the events were unambiguously Christian terrorism,[43][44] whereas others have rejected the Christian terrorist label.[45]
    [edit] Romania

    Orthodox Christian movements in Romania, such as the Iron Guard and Lăncieri, which have been characterized by Yad Vashem and Stanley G. Payne as anti-semitic and fascist, respectively, were responsible for involvement in the Bucharest pogrom, and political murders during the 1930s.[46][47][48][49](p37)[50]
    [edit]...
  61. motivated
    strongly driven to succeed or achieve something
    Other notable individuals convicted for terrorism offences include Pastor Kenny McClinton, a convicted murderer who once advocated beheading Roman Catholics and impaling their heads on railings, and Billy Wright, a Born again Christian preacher who became one of the most feared paramilitary figures in Northern Ireland before being assassinated whilst incarcerated in prison.[13]
    [edit] India
    [edit] Tripura and Assam

    The National Liberation Front of Tripura (NLFT), a rebel group operating in ...
  62. faction
    a dissenting clique
    The insurgency in Nagaland was originally led by the National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN), and it is continued today by a faction named "NSCN–Isaac Muivah", which explicitly calls for a "Nagalim for Christ".[17]
  63. sociology
    the study and classification of human societies
    (July 2011)

    Some scholars, such as Steve Bruce, a sociology professor at the University of Aberdeen, argue that the conflict in Northern Ireland is primarily a religious conflict, its economic and social considerations notwithstanding.[6]
  64. recount
    narrate or give a detailed account of
    RUC chief constable, Ronnie Flanagan dubbed Peeples and his associates "the demon pastors" – specialising in recounting lurid stories of Catholic savagery towards Protestants, and in finding biblical justifications for Protestant retaliation.[9]
  65. illegally
    in an manner that violates the law
    He confessed to illegally buying and supplying explosives to the NLFT for two years.[19][18]
  66. inmate
    a resident of a dwelling or institution
    Writing in The Guardian, Susan McKay discussed religious fundamentalism in connection with the murder of Martin O'Hagan, a former inmate of the Maze prison and a reporter on crime and the paramilitaries.
  67. commentator
    an expert who observes and remarks on something
    Some commentators have stated that the events were unambiguously Christian terrorism,[43][44] whereas others have rejected the Christian terrorist label.[45]
    [edit] Romania

    Orthodox Christian movements in Romania, such as the Iron Guard and Lăncieri, which have been characterized by Yad Vashem and Stanley G. Payne as anti-semitic and fascist, respectively, were responsible for involvement in the Bucharest pogrom, and political murders during the 1930s.[46][47][48][49](p37)[50]
    [edit]...
  68. New Testament
    the collection of books of the Gospels, Acts of the Apostles, the Pauline and other epistles, and Revelation; composed soon after Christ's death; the second half of the Christian Bible
    Such groups have used Old Testament and New Testament scriptures to justify violence and killing or to seek to bring about the "end times" described in the New Testament,[1] while others have hoped to bring about a Christian theocracyEngland

    The early modern period in Britain saw religious conflict resulting from the Reformation and the introduction of Protestant state churches.[4]
  69. East India
    a group of islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans between Asia and Australia
    Other notable individuals convicted for terrorism offences include Pastor Kenny McClinton, a convicted murderer who once advocated beheading Roman Catholics and impaling their heads on railings, and Billy Wright, a Born again Christian preacher who became one of the most feared paramilitary figures in Northern Ireland before being assassinated whilst incarcerated in prison.[13]
    [edit] India
    [edit] Tripura and Assam

    The National Liberation Front of Tripura (NLFT), a rebel group operating in ...
  70. Reformation
    a religious movement of the 16th century that began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant churches
    Such groups have used Old Testament and New Testament scriptures to justify violence and killing or to seek to bring about the "end times" described in the New Testament,[1] while others have hoped to bring about a Christian theocracyEngland

    The early modern period in Britain saw religious conflict resulting from the Reformation and the introduction of Protestant state churches.[4]
  71. engaging
    attracting or delighting
    Other notable individuals convicted for terrorism offences include Pastor Kenny McClinton, a convicted murderer who once advocated beheading Roman Catholics and impaling their heads on railings, and Billy Wright, a Born again Christian preacher who became one of the most feared paramilitary figures in Northern Ireland before being assassinated whilst incarcerated in prison.[13]
    [edit] India
    [edit] Tripura and Assam

    The National Liberation Front of Tripura (NLFT), a rebel group operating in ...
  72. Baptist
    follower of Baptistic doctrines
    The state government reports that the Baptist Church of Tripura supplies arms and gives financial support to the NLFT.[15][16][18]
  73. engage
    consume all of one's attention or time
    Other notable individuals convicted for terrorism offences include Pastor Kenny McClinton, a convicted murderer who once advocated beheading Roman Catholics and impaling their heads on railings, and Billy Wright, a Born again Christian preacher who became one of the most feared paramilitary figures in Northern Ireland before being assassinated whilst incarcerated in prison.[13]
    [edit] India
    [edit] Tripura and Assam

    The National Liberation Front of Tripura (NLFT), a rebel group operating in ...
  74. symbolism
    the practice of investing things with arbitrary meaning
    Their cross-burnings were conducted not only to intimidate targets, but to demonstrate their respect and reverence for Jesus Christ, and the lighting ritual was steeped in Christian symbolism, including the saying of prayers and singing of Christian hymns.
  75. Krishna
    8th and most important avatar of Vishnu
    In 2008, he was gunned down along with four disciples on the Hindu festive day of Krishna Janmashtami by a group of 30–40 armed men.[31]
  76. attribute
    a quality belonging to or characteristic of an entity
    She attributed the murder to a "range of reasons," including "the gangsters didn't like what he wrote".
  77. investigator
    someone who inquires carefully
    In a 2005 Congressional hearing about radicalization in U.S. prisons, Sheila Jackson Lee stated that investigators needed to analyze Christian militants in America because they might try to "bring down the country."[78]
  78. grand jury
    a panel to determine if a case should be brought to trial
    In 2010, after an FBI agent infiltrated the group, nine of its members were indicted by a federal grand jury in Detroit on charges of seditious conspiracy to use of improvised explosive devices, teaching the use of explosive materials, and possessing a firearm during a crime of violence.[76]
  79. undermine
    weaken or impair, especially gradually
    Subsequent news reports have noted Breivik's self-description as a "Christian crusader" who believed that Muslim immigrants were undermining Norway's traditional Christian values.[37]
  80. intervene
    be placed or located between other things
    Later, Maoist terrorist leader Sabyasachi Panda admitted responsibility for the assassination, saying that the Maoists had intervened in the religious dispute on behalf of Christians and Dalits.[32][33]
  81. festive
    offering fun and gaiety
    In 2008, he was gunned down along with four disciples on the Hindu festive day of Krishna Janmashtami by a group of 30–40 armed men.[31]
  82. analyze
    break down into components or essential features
    In a 2005 Congressional hearing about radicalization in U.S. prisons, Sheila Jackson Lee stated that investigators needed to analyze Christian militants in America because they might try to "bring down the country."[78]
  83. recite
    repeat aloud from memory
    A quasi-religious movement that mixes some aspects of Christian and Islamic beliefs with its own brand of spiritualism,[52][53] it is led by Joseph Kony, who proclaims himself the spokesperson of God and a spirit medium, primarily of the "Holy Spirit" which the Acholi believe can represent itself in many manifestations.[page needed][54][54][55][56] LRA fighters wear rosary beads and recite passages from the Bible before battle.[52][57][58][dead link][59][60][61]
    [edit] United States
    S...
  84. immigrant
    a person who comes to a country in order to settle there
    Subsequent news reports have noted Breivik's self-description as a "Christian crusader" who believed that Muslim immigrants were undermining Norway's traditional Christian values.[37]
  85. simultaneous
    occurring or operating at the same time
    The Orange Volunteers are a group infamous for carrying out simultaneous terrorist attacks on Catholic churches.[10]
  86. component
    one of the individual parts making up a larger entity
    Terrorism scholar Aref M. Al-Khattar has listed The Covenant, The Sword, and the Arm of the Lord, Defensive Action, The Freemen Community, and some "Christian militia" as groups that "can be placed under the category of far-right-wing terrorism" that "has a religious (Christian) component".[77]
  87. lurid
    glaringly vivid and graphic; marked by sensationalism
    RUC chief constable, Ronnie Flanagan dubbed Peeples and his associates "the demon pastors" – specialising in recounting lurid stories of Catholic savagery towards Protestants, and in finding biblical justifications for Protestant retaliation.[9]
  88. rebel
    someone who exhibits independence in thought and action
    Other notable individuals convicted for terrorism offences include Pastor Kenny McClinton, a convicted murderer who once advocated beheading Roman Catholics and impaling their heads on railings, and Billy Wright, a Born again Christian preacher who became one of the most feared paramilitary figures in Northern Ireland before being assassinated whilst incarcerated in prison.[13]
    [edit] India
    [edit] Tripura and Assam

    The National Liberation Front of Tripura (NLFT), a rebel group operat...
  89. militia
    civilians trained as soldiers, not part of the regular army
    Hutaree was a Christian militia group based in Adrian, Michigan.
  90. conversion
    the act of changing from one use or function to another
    At least 20 Hindus in Tripura have been killed by the NLFT in two years for resisting forced conversion to Christianity.[21]
  91. murder
    unlawful premeditated killing of a human being
    Writing in The Guardian, Susan McKay discussed religious fundamentalism in connection with the murder of Martin O'Hagan, a former inmate of the Maze prison and a reporter on crime and the paramilitaries.
  92. gunpowder
    a mixture of potassium nitrate, charcoal, and sulfur in a 75:15:10 ratio which is used in gunnery, time fuses, and fireworks
    The Gunpowder Plot was a failed attempt to blow up the Palace of Westminster, the English seat of government.
  93. biblical
    of or pertaining to or contained in or in accordance with the Bible
    RUC chief constable, Ronnie Flanagan dubbed Peeples and his associates "the demon pastors" – specialising in recounting lurid stories of Catholic savagery towards Protestants, and in finding biblical justifications for Protestant retaliation.[9]
  94. non
    negation of a word or group of words
    The non-governmental organization Justice on Trial disputed that there had been Maoist involvement, and quoted the Swami as claiming that Christian missionaries had earlier attacked him eight times.[34][35]
    [edit] Norway
    Main article: 2011 Norway attacks

    In July 2011, Anders Behring Breivik was arrested and charged with terrorism after a car bombing in Oslo and a mass shooting on Utøya island.[36]
  95. minority
    being or relating to the smaller in number of two parts
    John Joseph, the Christian representative of the National Minority Commission, stated in 2000 that foreign funds used for Christian terrorism in the northeast are routed through Christians in Kerala.[28]
    [edit] Orissa
    See also: Religious violence in Orissa

    In 2007 a tribal spiritual Hindu monk, Swami Lakshmanananda Saraswati, accused Radhakant Nayak, chief of a local chapter of World Vision, and a former Rajya Sabha member from Orissa in the Indian National Congress party, of plottin...
  96. notable
    worthy of attention or interest
    Peter Steinfels characterizes this plot as a notable case of religious terrorism.[5]
    [edit] Northern Ireland
    Main article: The Troubles
    Unbalanced scales.svg
  97. arrest
    take into custody
    In April 2000, the secretary of the Noapara Baptist Church in Tripura, Nagmanlal Halam, was arrested with a large quantity of explosives.
  98. pastor
    a person authorized to conduct religious worship
    RUC chief constable, Ronnie Flanagan dubbed Peeples and his associates "the demon pastors" – specialising in recounting lurid stories of Catholic savagery towards Protestants, and in finding biblical justifications for Protestant retaliation.[9]
  99. cult
    a system of religious beliefs and rituals
    Some commentators have stated that the events were unambiguously Christian terrorism,[43][44] whereas others have rejected the Christian terrorist label.[45]
    [edit] Romania

    Orthodox Christian movements in Romania, such as the Iron Guard and Lăncieri, which have been characterized by Yad Vashem and Stanley G. Payne as anti-semitic and fascist, respectively, were responsible for involvement in the Bucharest pogrom, and political murders during the 1930s.[46][47][48][49](p37)[50]
    [edit] Uganda...
  100. associate
    bring or come into action
    Pastor John Somerville, an associate of Peeples, had previously been convicted under the Prevention of Terrorism Act and had received a life sentence for his part in the Miami Showband massacre.[12]
  101. attack
    an offensive against an enemy
    The Orange Volunteers are a group infamous for carrying out simultaneous terrorist attacks on Catholic churches.[10]
  102. lynch
    kill without legal sanction
    Beginning after the Civil War, members of the Protestant-led,[62] Ku Klux Klan organization began engaging in arson, beatings, cross burning, destruction of property, lynching, murder, rape, tar-and-feathering, and whipping against African Americans, Jews, Catholics, and other social or ethnic minorities.
  103. scholar
    a learned person
    (July 2011)

    Some scholars, such as Steve Bruce, a sociology professor at the University of Aberdeen, argue that the conflict in Northern Ireland is primarily a religious conflict, its economic and social considerations notwithstanding.[6]
  104. conflict
    an open clash between two opposing groups
    Such groups have used Old Testament and New Testament scriptures to justify violence and killing or to seek to bring about the "end times" described in the New Testament,[1] while others have hoped to bring about a Christian theocracyEngland

    The early modern period in Britain saw religious conflict resulting from the Reformation and the introduction of Protestant state churches.[4]
  105. identity
    the characteristics by which a thing or person is known
    However, some of his writings indicate that he values Christianity primarily as a foundation of European cultural identity,[38] as he himself is not "a very religious person" and sees religion as a "crutch".[39]
  106. Old Testament
    the collection of books comprising the sacred scripture of the Hebrews and recording their history as the chosen people; the first half of the Christian Bible
    Such groups have used Old Testament and New Testament scriptures to justify violence and killing or to seek to bring about the "end times" described in the New Testament,[1] while others have hoped to bring about a Christian theocracyEngland

    The early modern period in Britain saw religious conflict resulting from the Reformation and the introduction of Protestant state churches.[4]
  107. Holy Spirit
    the third person in the Trinity
    A quasi-religious movement that mixes some aspects of Christian and Islamic beliefs with its own brand of spiritualism,[52][53] it is led by Joseph Kony, who proclaims himself the spokesperson of God and a spirit medium, primarily of the "Holy Spirit" which the Acholi believe can represent itself in many manifestations.[page needed][54][54][55][56] LRA fighters wear rosary beads and recite passages from the Bible before battle.[52][57][58][dead link][59][60][61]
    [edit] United States
    S...
  108. ritual
    the prescribed procedure for conducting religious ceremonies
    Their cross-burnings were conducted not only to intimidate targets, but to demonstrate their respect and reverence for Jesus Christ, and the lighting ritual was steeped in Christian symbolism, including the saying of prayers and singing of Christian hymns.
  109. manifestation
    a clear appearance
    A quasi-religious movement that mixes some aspects of Christian and Islamic beliefs with its own brand of spiritualism,[52][53] it is led by Joseph Kony, who proclaims himself the spokesperson of God and a spirit medium, primarily of the "Holy Spirit" which the Acholi believe can represent itself in many manifestations.[page needed][54][54][55][56] LRA fighters wear rosary beads and recite passages from the Bible before battle.[52][57][58][dead link][59][60][61]
    [edit] United States
    S...
  110. category
    a general concept that marks divisions or coordinations
    Terrorism scholar Aref M. Al-Khattar has listed The Covenant, The Sword, and the Arm of the Lord, Defensive Action, The Freemen Community, and some "Christian militia" as groups that "can be placed under the category of far-right-wing terrorism" that "has a religious (Christian) component".[77]
  111. liberation
    the act of freeing someone or something
    Other notable individuals convicted for terrorism offences include Pastor Kenny McClinton, a convicted murderer who once advocated beheading Roman Catholics and impaling their heads on railings, and Billy Wright, a Born again Christian preacher who became one of the most feared paramilitary figures in Northern Ireland before being assassinated whilst incarcerated in prison.[13]
    [edit] India
    [edit] Tripura and Assam

    The National Liberation Front of Tripura (NLFT), a rebel group operat...
  112. label
    a brief description given for purposes of identification
    Some commentators have stated that the events were unambiguously Christian terrorism,[43][44] whereas others have rejected the Christian terrorist label.[45]
    [edit] Romania

    Orthodox Christian movements in Romania, such as the Iron Guard and Lăncieri, which have been characterized by Yad Vashem and Stanley G. Payne as anti-semitic and fascist, respectively, were responsible for involvement in the Bucharest pogrom, and political murders during the 1930s.[46][47][48][49](p37)[50]
    [edit]...
  113. Army
    the army of the United States of America
    In Assam, the Manmasi National Christian Army (MNCA), an extremist group from the Hmar tribe, were charged with forcing Hindus to convert at gunpoint.[25]
  114. demonstrate
    give an exhibition of to an interested audience
    Their cross-burnings were conducted not only to intimidate targets, but to demonstrate their respect and reverence for Jesus Christ, and the lighting ritual was steeped in Christian symbolism, including the saying of prayers and singing of Christian hymns.
  115. proclaim
    declare formally
    A quasi-religious movement that mixes some aspects of Christian and Islamic beliefs with its own brand of spiritualism,[52][53] it is led by Joseph Kony, who proclaims himself the spokesperson of God and a spirit medium, primarily of the "Holy Spirit" which the Acholi believe can represent itself in many manifestations.[page needed][54][54][55][56] LRA fighters wear rosary beads and recite passages from the Bible before battle.[52][57][58][dead link][59][60][61]
    [edit] United States
    S...
  116. crime
    an act punishable by law; usually considered an evil act
    Writing in The Guardian, Susan McKay discussed religious fundamentalism in connection with the murder of Martin O'Hagan, a former inmate of the Maze prison and a reporter on crime and the paramilitaries.
  117. FBI
    a federal law enforcement agency that is the principal investigative arm of the Department of Justice
    In 2010, after an FBI agent infiltrated the group, nine of its members were indicted by a federal grand jury in Detroit on charges of seditious conspiracy to use of improvised explosive devices, teaching the use of explosive materials, and possessing a firearm during a crime of violence.[76]
  118. Islamic
    of or relating to or supporting Islamism
    A quasi-religious movement that mixes some aspects of Christian and Islamic beliefs with its own brand of spiritualism,[52][53] it is led by Joseph Kony, who proclaims himself the spokesperson of God and a spirit medium, primarily of the "Holy Spirit" which the Acholi believe can represent itself in many manifestations.[page needed][54][54][55][56] LRA fighters wear rosary beads and recite passages from the Bible before battle.[52][57][58][dead link][59][60][61]
    [edit] United States
    S...
  119. subsequent
    following in time or order
    Subsequent news reports have noted Breivik's self-description as a "Christian crusader" who believed that Muslim immigrants were undermining Norway's traditional Christian values.[37]
  120. infamous
    known widely and usually unfavorably
    The Orange Volunteers are a group infamous for carrying out simultaneous terrorist attacks on Catholic churches.[10]
  121. patriot
    one who loves and defends his or her country
    A number of terrorist attacks were attributed to individuals and groups with ties to the Christian Identity and Christian Patriot movements, including the Lambs of Christ.[70]
  122. ethnic
    distinctive of the ways of living of a group of people
    Beginning after the Civil War, members of the Protestant-led,[62] Ku Klux Klan organization began engaging in arson, beatings, cross burning, destruction of property, lynching, murder, rape, tar-and-feathering, and whipping against African Americans, Jews, Catholics, and other social or ethnic minorities.
  123. justification
    the act of defending or explaining by reasoning
    RUC chief constable, Ronnie Flanagan dubbed Peeples and his associates "the demon pastors" – specialising in recounting lurid stories of Catholic savagery towards Protestants, and in finding biblical justifications for Protestant retaliation.[9]
  124. demon
    an evil supernatural being
    RUC chief constable, Ronnie Flanagan dubbed Peeples and his associates "the demon pastors" – specialising in recounting lurid stories of Catholic savagery towards Protestants, and in finding biblical justifications for Protestant retaliation.[9]
  125. dispute
    the act of coming into conflict
    Later, Maoist terrorist leader Sabyasachi Panda admitted responsibility for the assassination, saying that the Maoists had intervened in the religious dispute on behalf of Christians and Dalits.[32][33]
  126. organization
    a methodical and orderly manner or approach
    The non-governmental organization Justice on Trial disputed that there had been Maoist involvement, and quoted the Swami as claiming that Christian missionaries had earlier attacked him eight times.[34][35]
    [edit] Norway
    Main article: 2011 Norway attacks

    In July 2011, Anders Behring Breivik was arrested and charged with terrorism after a car bombing in Oslo and a mass shooting on Utøya island.[36]
  127. inspire
    serve as the inciting cause of
    The Centennial Olympic Park bombing in 1996, as well as subsequent attacks on an abortion clinic and a lesbian nightclub, were made by Eric Robert Rudolph; Michael Barkun, a professor at Syracuse University, considers Rudolph to likely fit the definition of a Christian terrorist, whereas James A. Aho, a professor at Idaho State University, argues instead that Rudolph was inspired only in part by religious considerations.[75]
  128. Muslim
    a believer in or follower of Islam
    Subsequent news reports have noted Breivik's self-description as a "Christian crusader" who believed that Muslim immigrants were undermining Norway's traditional Christian values.[37]
  129. reject
    refuse to accept or acknowledge
    Some commentators have stated that the events were unambiguously Christian terrorism,[43][44] whereas others have rejected the Christian terrorist label.[45]
    [edit] Romania

    Orthodox Christian movements in Romania, such as the Iron Guard and Lăncieri, which have been characterized by Yad Vashem and Stanley G. Payne as anti-semitic and fascist, respectively, were responsible for involvement in the Bucharest pogrom, and political murders during the 1930s.[46][47][48][49](p37)[50]
    [edit]...
  130. celebrate
    have a festivity
    The NLFT has threatened to kill Hindus celebrating the annual five-day religious festival of Durga Puja and other religious celebrations.[20]
  131. slay
    kill intentionally and with premeditation
    Victoriously slaying Catholic influence in the U.S.
  132. execute
    put in effect
    [66]

    During the twentieth century, members of extremist groups such as the Army of God began executing attacks against abortion clinics and doctors across the United States.[67][68][69]
  133. wing
    a movable organ for flying (one of a pair)
    Analyses of his motivations have recognized a complex interplay of Christian terrorist inclinations with non-religious, right-wing beliefs.[40][41][42]
  134. publish
    prepare and issue for public distribution or sale
    Illustration by Rev. Branford Clarke from Klansmen: Guardians of Liberty 1926 by Bishop Alma White published by the Pillar of Fire Church in Zarephath, NJ.
  135. cultural
    relating to the shared knowledge and values of a society
    However, some of his writings indicate that he values Christianity primarily as a foundation of European cultural identity,[38] as he himself is not "a very religious person" and sees religion as a "crutch".[39]
  136. describe
    give a statement representing something
    Such groups have used Old Testament and New Testament scriptures to justify violence and killing or to seek to bring about the "end times" described in the New Testament,[1] while others have hoped to bring about a Christian theocracyEngland

    The early modern period in Britain saw religious conflict resulting from the Reformation and the introduction of Protestant state churches.[4]
  137. prison
    a correctional institution where persons are confined while on trial or for punishment
    Writing in The Guardian, Susan McKay discussed religious fundamentalism in connection with the murder of Martin O'Hagan, a former inmate of the Maze prison and a reporter on crime and the paramilitaries.
  138. operate
    perform as expected when applied
    Other notable individuals convicted for terrorism offences include Pastor Kenny McClinton, a convicted murderer who once advocated beheading Roman Catholics and impaling their heads on railings, and Billy Wright, a Born again Christian preacher who became one of the most feared paramilitary figures in Northern Ireland before being assassinated whilst incarcerated in prison.[13]
    [edit] India
    [edit] Tripura and Assam

    The National Liberation Front of Tripura (NLFT), a rebel group operating<...
  139. Roman Catholic
    of or relating to or supporting Romanism
    Other notable individuals convicted for terrorism offences include Pastor Kenny McClinton, a convicted murderer who once advocated beheading Roman Catholics and impaling their heads on railings, and Billy Wright, a Born again Christian preacher who became one of the most feared paramilitary figures in Northern Ireland before being assassinated whilst incarcerated in prison.[13]
    [edit] India
    [edit] Tripura and Assam

    The National Liberation Front of Tripura (NLFT), a rebel group operat...
  140. imprisonment
    the act of confining someone in a prison
    In 1999 Pastor Clifford Peeples of the Bethel Pentecostal Church was convicted of offences under the Prevention of Terrorism Act and sentenced to ten years imprisonment after being found in possession of hand grenades and a pipe bomb intended for use against Catholics.[11]
  141. resident
    someone who lives at a particular place for a long period
    Seven or more Hmar youths were charged with visiting Bhuvan Pahar, a Hindu village, armed with guns, and pressuring residents to convert to Christianity.[26]
  142. assert
    declare or affirm solemnly and formally as true
    [65] Many modern Klan organizations, such as the Knights Party, USA, continue to focus on the Christian supremacist message, asserting that there is a "war" on to destroy "western Christian civilization."
  143. rely
    have confidence or faith in
    As with other forms of religious terrorism, Christian terrorists have relied on idiosyncratic or literal interpretations of the tenets of faith – in this case, the Bible.
  144. covenant
    an agreement between a god and the people
    Terrorism scholar Aref M. Al-Khattar has listed The Covenant, The Sword, and the Arm of the Lord, Defensive Action, The Freemen Community, and some "Christian militia" as groups that "can be placed under the category of far-right-wing terrorism" that "has a religious (Christian) component".[77]
  145. concern
    something that interests you because it is important
    An editor has expressed a concern that this section lends undue weight to certain ideas, incidents, controversies or matters relative to the article subject as a whole.
  146. goal
    the state of affairs that a plan is intended to achieve
    Christian terrorism comprises terrorist acts by groups or individuals who claim Christian motivations or goals for their actions.
  147. advocate
    a person who pleads for a person, cause, or idea
    Other notable individuals convicted for terrorism offences include Pastor Kenny McClinton, a convicted murderer who once advocated beheading Roman Catholics and impaling their heads on railings, and Billy Wright, a Born again Christian preacher who became one of the most feared paramilitary figures in Northern Ireland before being assassinated whilst incarcerated in prison.[13]
    [edit] India
    [edit] Tripura and Assam

    The National Liberation Front of Tripura (NLFT), a rebel group operat...
  148. congressional
    of or relating to a national legislative assembly
    In a 2005 Congressional hearing about radicalization in U.S. prisons, Sheila Jackson Lee stated that investigators needed to analyze Christian militants in America because they might try to "bring down the country."[78]
  149. foundation
    the basis on which something is grounded
    However, some of his writings indicate that he values Christianity primarily as a foundation of European cultural identity,[38] as he himself is not "a very religious person" and sees religion as a "crutch".[39]
  150. conspiracy
    a plot to carry out some harmful or illegal act
    In 2010, after an FBI agent infiltrated the group, nine of its members were indicted by a federal grand jury in Detroit on charges of seditious conspiracy to use of improvised explosive devices, teaching the use of explosive materials, and possessing a firearm during a crime of violence.[76]
  151. ammunition
    projectiles to be fired from a gun
    Guns and ammunition were seized.[26][27]
  152. inclination
    the act of bending forward
    Analyses of his motivations have recognized a complex interplay of Christian terrorist inclinations with non-religious, right-wing beliefs.[40][41][42]
  153. devices
    an inclination or desire
    In 2010, after an FBI agent infiltrated the group, nine of its members were indicted by a federal grand jury in Detroit on charges of seditious conspiracy to use of improvised explosive devices, teaching the use of explosive materials, and possessing a firearm during a crime of violence.[76]
  154. definition
    a brief explanation of the meaning of a word or phrase
    The Centennial Olympic Park bombing in 1996, as well as subsequent attacks on an abortion clinic and a lesbian nightclub, were made by Eric Robert Rudolph; Michael Barkun, a professor at Syracuse University, considers Rudolph to likely fit the definition of a Christian terrorist, whereas James A. Aho, a professor at Idaho State University, argues instead that Rudolph was inspired only in part by religious considerations.[75]
  155. accord
    concurrence of opinion
    According to police, rebels from the NLFT wanted Jamatia to convert to Christianity, but he refused.[23]
  156. lead
    take somebody somewhere
    The insurgency in Nagaland was originally led by the National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN), and it is continued today by a faction named "NSCN–Isaac Muivah", which explicitly calls for a "Nagalim for Christ".[17]
  157. interpretation
    the act of expressing something in an artistic performance
    As with other forms of religious terrorism, Christian terrorists have relied on idiosyncratic or literal interpretations of the tenets of faith – in this case, the Bible.
  158. individual
    being or characteristic of a single thing or person
    Christian terrorism comprises terrorist acts by groups or individuals who claim Christian motivations or goals for their actions.
  159. resolve
    find a solution or answer
    Discuss and resolve this issue before removing this message.
  160. justify
    show to be right by providing proof
    Such groups have used Old Testament and New Testament scriptures to justify violence and killing or to seek to bring about the "end times" described in the New Testament,[1] while others have hoped to bring about a Christian theocracyEngland

    The early modern period in Britain saw religious conflict resulting from the Reformation and the introduction of Protestant state churches.[4]
  161. controversy
    a dispute where there is strong disagreement
    An editor has expressed a concern that this section lends undue weight to certain ideas, incidents, controversies or matters relative to the article subject as a whole.
  162. guardian
    a person who cares for persons or property
    Writing in The Guardian, Susan McKay discussed religious fundamentalism in connection with the murder of Martin O'Hagan, a former inmate of the Maze prison and a reporter on crime and the paramilitaries.
  163. civil war
    a war between factions in the same country
    Beginning after the Civil War, members of the Protestant-led,[62] Ku Klux Klan organization began engaging in arson, beatings, cross burning, destruction of property, lynching, murder, rape, tar-and-feathering, and whipping against African Americans, Jews, Catholics, and other social or ethnic minorities.
  164. commit
    engage in or perform
    Some commentators have stated that the events were unambiguously Christian terrorism,[43][44] whereas others have rejected the Christian terrorist label.[45]
    [edit] Romania

    Orthodox Christian movements in Romania, such as the Iron Guard and Lăncieri, which have been characterized by Yad Vashem and Stanley G. Payne as anti-semitic and fascist, respectively, were responsible for involvement in the Bucharest pogrom, and political murders during the 1930s.[46][47][48][49](p37)[50]
    [edit] Uganda...
  165. vision
    the ability to see
    John Joseph, the Christian representative of the National Minority Commission, stated in 2000 that foreign funds used for Christian terrorism in the northeast are routed through Christians in Kerala.[28]
    [edit] Orissa
    See also: Religious violence in Orissa

    In 2007 a tribal spiritual Hindu monk, Swami Lakshmanananda Saraswati, accused Radhakant Nayak, chief of a local chapter of World Vision, and a former Rajya Sabha member from Orissa in the Indian National Congress party, of plottin...
  166. link
    connect, fasten, or put together two or more pieces
    A quasi-religious movement that mixes some aspects of Christian and Islamic beliefs with its own brand of spiritualism,[52][53] it is led by Joseph Kony, who proclaims himself the spokesperson of God and a spirit medium, primarily of the "Holy Spirit" which the Acholi believe can represent itself in many manifestations.[page needed][54][54][55][56] LRA fighters wear rosary beads and recite passages from the Bible before battle.[52][57][58][dead link][59][60][61]
    [edit] United States
    S...
  167. device
    an instrumentality invented for a particular purpose
    In 2010, after an FBI agent infiltrated the group, nine of its members were indicted by a federal grand jury in Detroit on charges of seditious conspiracy to use of improvised explosive devices, teaching the use of explosive materials, and possessing a firearm during a crime of violence.[76]
  168. consideration
    the process of giving careful thought to something
    (July 2011)

    Some scholars, such as Steve Bruce, a sociology professor at the University of Aberdeen, argue that the conflict in Northern Ireland is primarily a religious conflict, its economic and social considerations notwithstanding.[6]
  169. university
    an institution of higher learning that grants degrees
    (July 2011)

    Some scholars, such as Steve Bruce, a sociology professor at the University of Aberdeen, argue that the conflict in Northern Ireland is primarily a religious conflict, its economic and social considerations notwithstanding.[6]
  170. converted
    spiritually reborn
    It is believed that up to 5,000 tribal villagers were converted to Christianity by the NLFT in two years.[21]
  171. target
    a reference point to shoot at
    Their cross-burnings were conducted not only to intimidate targets, but to demonstrate their respect and reverence for Jesus Christ, and the lighting ritual was steeped in Christian symbolism, including the saying of prayers and singing of Christian hymns.
  172. seize
    take hold of; grab
    Guns and ammunition were seized.[26][27]
  173. focus
    the concentration of attention or energy on something
    [65] Many modern Klan organizations, such as the Knights Party, USA, continue to focus on the Christian supremacist message, asserting that there is a "war" on to destroy "western Christian civilization."
  174. spiritual
    lacking material body or form or substance
    In August 2000, a tribal Hindu spiritual leader, Shanti Tripura, was shot dead by about ten guerrillas belonging to the NLFT who said it wanted to convert all people in the state to Christianity.[22]
  175. traditional
    consisting of or derived from a practice of long standing
    Subsequent news reports have noted Breivik's self-description as a "Christian crusader" who believed that Muslim immigrants were undermining Norway's traditional Christian values.[37]
  176. indicate
    designate a place, direction, person, or thing
    However, some of his writings indicate that he values Christianity primarily as a foundation of European cultural identity,[38] as he himself is not "a very religious person" and sees religion as a "crutch".[39]
  177. intend
    have in mind as a purpose
    In 1999 Pastor Clifford Peeples of the Bethel Pentecostal Church was convicted of offences under the Prevention of Terrorism Act and sentenced to ten years imprisonment after being found in possession of hand grenades and a pipe bomb intended for use against Catholics.[11]
  178. complex
    complicated in structure
    Analyses of his motivations have recognized a complex interplay of Christian terrorist inclinations with non-religious, right-wing beliefs.[40][41][42]
  179. analysis
    abstract separation of something into its various parts
    Analyses of his motivations have recognized a complex interplay of Christian terrorist inclinations with non-religious, right-wing beliefs.[40][41][42]
  180. supply
    circulate or distribute or equip with
    The state government reports that the Baptist Church of Tripura supplies arms and gives financial support to the NLFT.[15][16][18]
  181. medium
    the surrounding environment
    A quasi-religious movement that mixes some aspects of Christian and Islamic beliefs with its own brand of spiritualism,[52][53] it is led by Joseph Kony, who proclaims himself the spokesperson of God and a spirit medium, primarily of the "Holy Spirit" which the Acholi believe can represent itself in many manifestations.[page needed][54][54][55][56] LRA fighters wear rosary beads and recite passages from the Bible before battle.[52][57][58][dead link][59][60][61]
    [edit] United States
    S...
  182. institute
    set up or lay the groundwork for
    [14] It is classified by the National Memorial Institute for the Prevention of Terrorism as one of the ten most active terrorist groups in the world, and has been accused of forcefully converting people to Christianity.[15][16]
  183. message
    a communication that is written or spoken or signaled
    Discuss and resolve this issue before removing this message.
  184. Justice
    the U.S. department responsible for enforcing federal laws
    The non-governmental organization Justice on Trial disputed that there had been Maoist involvement, and quoted the Swami as claiming that Christian missionaries had earlier attacked him eight times.[34][35]
    [edit] Norway
    Main article: 2011 Norway attacks

    In July 2011, Anders Behring Breivik was arrested and charged with terrorism after a car bombing in Oslo and a mass shooting on Utøya island.[36]
  185. rejected
    rebuffed (by a lover) without warning
    Some commentators have stated that the events were unambiguously Christian terrorism,[43][44] whereas others have rejected the Christian terrorist label.[45]
    [edit] Romania

    Orthodox Christian movements in Romania, such as the Iron Guard and Lăncieri, which have been characterized by Yad Vashem and Stanley G. Payne as anti-semitic and fascist, respectively, were responsible for involvement in the Bucharest pogrom, and political murders during the 1930s.[46][47][48][49](p37)[50]
    [edit]...
  186. threat
    declaration of an intention to inflict harm on another
    A leader of the Jamatia tribe, Rampada Jamatia, said that armed NLFT militants were forcibly converting tribal villagers to Christianity, which he said was a serious threat to Hinduism.[21]
  187. jury
    a body of citizens sworn to give a verdict in a court of law
    In 2010, after an FBI agent infiltrated the group, nine of its members were indicted by a federal grand jury in Detroit on charges of seditious conspiracy to use of improvised explosive devices, teaching the use of explosive materials, and possessing a firearm during a crime of violence.[76]
  188. steep
    having a sharp inclination
    Their cross-burnings were conducted not only to intimidate targets, but to demonstrate their respect and reverence for Jesus Christ, and the lighting ritual was steeped in Christian symbolism, including the saying of prayers and singing of Christian hymns.
  189. balance
    harmonious arrangement or relation of parts within a whole
    Please help to create a more balanced presentation.
  190. behalf
    as the agent of or on someone's part
    Later, Maoist terrorist leader Sabyasachi Panda admitted responsibility for the assassination, saying that the Maoists had intervened in the religious dispute on behalf of Christians and Dalits.[32][33]
  191. resist
    withstand the force of something
    At least 20 Hindus in Tripura have been killed by the NLFT in two years for resisting forced conversion to Christianity.[21]
  192. illustration
    a visual representation to make a subject easy to understand
    Illustration by Rev. Branford Clarke from Klansmen: Guardians of Liberty 1926 by Bishop Alma White published by the Pillar of Fire Church in Zarephath, NJ.
  193. recognize
    perceive to be something or something you can identify
    Analyses of his motivations have recognized a complex interplay of Christian terrorist inclinations with non-religious, right-wing beliefs.[40][41][42]
  194. Jerusalem
    capital and largest city of the modern state of Israel
    A group called Concerned Christians were deported from Israel on suspicion of planning to attack holy sites in Jerusalem at the end of 1999, believing that their deaths would "lead them to heaven."[71][72]
  195. represent
    be a delegate or spokesperson for
    A quasi-religious movement that mixes some aspects of Christian and Islamic beliefs with its own brand of spiritualism,[52][53] it is led by Joseph Kony, who proclaims himself the spokesperson of God and a spirit medium, primarily of the "Holy Spirit" which the Acholi believe can represent itself in many manifestations.[page needed][54][54][55][56] LRA fighters wear rosary beads and recite passages from the Bible before battle.[52][57][58][dead link][59][60][61]
    [edit] United States
    S...
  196. representative
    serving to typify
    John Joseph, the Christian representative of the National Minority Commission, stated in 2000 that foreign funds used for Christian terrorism in the northeast are routed through Christians in Kerala.[28]
    [edit] Orissa
    See also: Religious violence in Orissa

    In 2007 a tribal spiritual Hindu monk, Swami Lakshmanananda Saraswati, accused Radhakant Nayak, chief of a local chapter of World Vision, and a former Rajya Sabha member from Orissa in the Indian National Congress party, of plottin...
  197. route
    an established line of travel or access
    John Joseph, the Christian representative of the National Minority Commission, stated in 2000 that foreign funds used for Christian terrorism in the northeast are routed through Christians in Kerala.[28]
    [edit] Orissa
    See also: Religious violence in Orissa

    In 2007 a tribal spiritual Hindu monk, Swami Lakshmanananda Saraswati, accused Radhakant Nayak, chief of a local chapter of World Vision, and a former Rajya Sabha member from Orissa in the Indian National Congress party, of plottin...
  198. civilization
    a society in an advanced state of social development
    [65] Many modern Klan organizations, such as the Knights Party, USA, continue to focus on the Christian supremacist message, asserting that there is a "war" on to destroy "western Christian civilization."
  199. local
    of or belonging to or characteristic of a particular area
    A local Marxist tribal leader, Kishore Debbarma, was clubbed to death in Tripura's Sadar (north) by militants belonging to the Biswamohan faction of the NLFT in May 2005.[24]
  200. funds
    assets in the form of money
    John Joseph, the Christian representative of the National Minority Commission, stated in 2000 that foreign funds used for Christian terrorism in the northeast are routed through Christians in Kerala.[28]
    [edit] Orissa
    See also: Religious violence in Orissa

    In 2007 a tribal spiritual Hindu monk, Swami Lakshmanananda Saraswati, accused Radhakant Nayak, chief of a local chapter of World Vision, and a former Rajya Sabha member from Orissa in the Indian National Congress party, of plottin...
  201. aspect
    a characteristic to be considered
    A quasi-religious movement that mixes some aspects of Christian and Islamic beliefs with its own brand of spiritualism,[52][53] it is led by Joseph Kony, who proclaims himself the spokesperson of God and a spirit medium, primarily of the "Holy Spirit" which the Acholi believe can represent itself in many manifestations.[page needed][54][54][55][56] LRA fighters wear rosary beads and recite passages from the Bible before battle.[52][57][58][dead link][59][60][61]
    [edit] United States
    S...
  202. modern
    ahead of the times
    Such groups have used Old Testament and New Testament scriptures to justify violence and killing or to seek to bring about the "end times" described in the New Testament,[1] while others have hoped to bring about a Christian theocracyEngland

    The early modern period in Britain saw religious conflict resulting from the Reformation and the introduction of Protestant state churches.[4]
  203. criminal
    someone who has committed a punishable act
    The motive for anti-abortionist Scott Roeder murdering Wichita doctor George Tiller on May 31, 2009 was a belief that abortion is criminal and immoral, and that this belief went "hand in hand" with his religious beliefs.[73][74]
  204. notwithstanding
    despite anything to the contrary
    (July 2011)

    Some scholars, such as Steve Bruce, a sociology professor at the University of Aberdeen, argue that the conflict in Northern Ireland is primarily a religious conflict, its economic and social considerations notwithstanding.[6]
  205. fund
    a reserve of money set aside for some purpose
    John Joseph, the Christian representative of the National Minority Commission, stated in 2000 that foreign funds used for Christian terrorism in the northeast are routed through Christians in Kerala.[28]
    [edit] Orissa
    See also: Religious violence in Orissa

    In 2007 a tribal spiritual Hindu monk, Swami Lakshmanananda Saraswati, accused Radhakant Nayak, chief of a local chapter of World Vision, and a former Rajya Sabha member from Orissa in the Indian National Congress party, of plottin...
  206. scale
    an ordered reference standard
    Peter Steinfels characterizes this plot as a notable case of religious terrorism.[5]
    [edit] Northern Ireland
    Main article: The Troubles
    Unbalanced scales.svg
  207. remove
    take something away as by lifting, pushing, or taking off
    Discuss and resolve this issue before removing this message.
  208. injury
    physical damage to the body caused by violence or accident
    His body was found with multiple head injuries in a roadside ditch in the Katabon area.
  209. confess
    admit to a wrongdoing
    He confessed to illegally buying and supplying explosives to the NLFT for two years.[19][18]
  210. possess
    have ownership of
    In 2010, after an FBI agent infiltrated the group, nine of its members were indicted by a federal grand jury in Detroit on charges of seditious conspiracy to use of improvised explosive devices, teaching the use of explosive materials, and possessing a firearm during a crime of violence.[76]
  211. incident
    a single distinct event
    An editor has expressed a concern that this section lends undue weight to certain ideas, incidents, controversies or matters relative to the article subject as a whole.
  212. destroy
    do away with; cause the ruin or undoing of
    [65] Many modern Klan organizations, such as the Knights Party, USA, continue to focus on the Christian supremacist message, asserting that there is a "war" on to destroy "western Christian civilization."
  213. create
    bring into existence
    Please help to create a more balanced presentation.
  214. agent
    a representative who acts on behalf of others
    In 2010, after an FBI agent infiltrated the group, nine of its members were indicted by a federal grand jury in Detroit on charges of seditious conspiracy to use of improvised explosive devices, teaching the use of explosive materials, and possessing a firearm during a crime of violence.[76]
  215. responsible
    worthy of or requiring trust; held accountable
    Some commentators have stated that the events were unambiguously Christian terrorism,[43][44] whereas others have rejected the Christian terrorist label.[45]
    [edit] Romania

    Orthodox Christian movements in Romania, such as the Iron Guard and Lăncieri, which have been characterized by Yad Vashem and Stanley G. Payne as anti-semitic and fascist, respectively, were responsible for involvement in the Bucharest pogrom, and political murders during the 1930s.[46][47][48][49](p37)[50]
    [edit]...
  216. federal
    of a government with central and regional authorities
    In 2010, after an FBI agent infiltrated the group, nine of its members were indicted by a federal grand jury in Detroit on charges of seditious conspiracy to use of improvised explosive devices, teaching the use of explosive materials, and possessing a firearm during a crime of violence.[76]
  217. commander
    an official who can give orders or control others
    The Sonai police, along with the 5th Assam Rifles, arrested 13 members of the MNCA, including their commander-in-chief.
  218. annual
    occurring every year
    The NLFT has threatened to kill Hindus celebrating the annual five-day religious festival of Durga Puja and other religious celebrations.[20]
  219. knight
    a person of noble birth trained to arms and chivalry
    [65] Many modern Klan organizations, such as the Knights Party, USA, continue to focus on the Christian supremacist message, asserting that there is a "war" on to destroy "western Christian civilization."
  220. section
    one of several parts or pieces that fit with others
    An editor has expressed a concern that this section lends undue weight to certain ideas, incidents, controversies or matters relative to the article subject as a whole.
  221. editor
    the person who determines the final content of a text
    An editor has expressed a concern that this section lends undue weight to certain ideas, incidents, controversies or matters relative to the article subject as a whole.
  222. action
    something done (usually as opposed to something said)
    Christian terrorism comprises terrorist acts by groups or individuals who claim Christian motivations or goals for their actions.
  223. active
    characterized by energetic movement
    [14] It is classified by the National Memorial Institute for the Prevention of Terrorism as one of the ten most active terrorist groups in the world, and has been accused of forcefully converting people to Christianity.[15][16]
  224. site
    the piece of land on which something is located
    A group called Concerned Christians were deported from Israel on suspicion of planning to attack holy sites in Jerusalem at the end of 1999, believing that their deaths would "lead them to heaven."[71][72]
  225. Congress
    the legislature of the United States government
    John Joseph, the Christian representative of the National Minority Commission, stated in 2000 that foreign funds used for Christian terrorism in the northeast are routed through Christians in Kerala.[28]
    [edit] Orissa
    See also: Religious violence in Orissa

    In 2007 a tribal spiritual Hindu monk, Swami Lakshmanananda Saraswati, accused Radhakant Nayak, chief of a local chapter of World Vision, and a former Rajya Sabha member from Orissa in the Indian National Congress party, of plottin...
  226. Israel
    an ancient kingdom of the Hebrew tribes at the southeastern end of the Mediterranean Sea; founded by Saul around 1025 BC and destroyed by the Assyrians in 721 BC
    A group called Concerned Christians were deported from Israel on suspicion of planning to attack holy sites in Jerusalem at the end of 1999, believing that their deaths would "lead them to heaven."[71][72]
  227. commission
    the act of granting authority to undertake certain functions
    John Joseph, the Christian representative of the National Minority Commission, stated in 2000 that foreign funds used for Christian terrorism in the northeast are routed through Christians in Kerala.[28]
    [edit] Orissa
    See also: Religious violence in Orissa

    In 2007 a tribal spiritual Hindu monk, Swami Lakshmanananda Saraswati, accused Radhakant Nayak, chief of a local chapter of World Vision, and a former Rajya Sabha member from Orissa in the Indian National Congress party, of plottin...
  228. numerous
    amounting to a large indefinite number
    Some commentators have stated that the events were unambiguously Christian terrorism,[43][44] whereas others have rejected the Christian terrorist label.[45]
    [edit] Romania

    Orthodox Christian movements in Romania, such as the Iron Guard and Lăncieri, which have been characterized by Yad Vashem and Stanley G. Payne as anti-semitic and fascist, respectively, were responsible for involvement in the Bucharest pogrom, and political murders during the 1930s.[46][47][48][49](p37)[50]
    [edit] Uganda...
  229. former
    the first of two or the first mentioned of two
    Writing in The Guardian, Susan McKay discussed religious fundamentalism in connection with the murder of Martin O'Hagan, a former inmate of the Maze prison and a reporter on crime and the paramilitaries.
  230. range
    a variety of different things or activities
    She attributed the murder to a "range of reasons," including "the gangsters didn't like what he wrote".
  231. area
    the extent of a two-dimensional surface within a boundary
    His body was found with multiple head injuries in a roadside ditch in the Katabon area.
  232. trial
    the act of testing something
    The non-governmental organization Justice on Trial disputed that there had been Maoist involvement, and quoted the Swami as claiming that Christian missionaries had earlier attacked him eight times.[34][35]
    [edit] Norway
    Main article: 2011 Norway attacks

    In July 2011, Anders Behring Breivik was arrested and charged with terrorism after a car bombing in Oslo and a mass shooting on Utøya island.[36]
  233. event
    something that happens at a given place and time
    Some commentators have stated that the events were unambiguously Christian terrorism,[43][44] whereas others have rejected the Christian terrorist label.[45]
    [edit] Romania

    Orthodox Christian movements in Romania, such as the Iron Guard and Lăncieri, which have been characterized by Yad Vashem and Stanley G. Payne as anti-semitic and fascist, respectively, were responsible for involvement in the Bucharest pogrom, and political murders during the 1930s.[46][47][48][49](p37)[50]
    [edit]...
  234. financial
    involving fiscal matters
    The state government reports that the Baptist Church of Tripura supplies arms and gives financial support to the NLFT.[15][16][18]
  235. issue
    some situation or event that is thought about
    Discuss and resolve this issue before removing this message.
  236. seek
    try to locate, discover, or establish the existence of
    Such groups have used Old Testament and New Testament scriptures to justify violence and killing or to seek to bring about the "end times" described in the New Testament,[1] while others have hoped to bring about a Christian theocracyEngland

    The early modern period in Britain saw religious conflict resulting from the Reformation and the introduction of Protestant state churches.[4]
  237. community
    a group of people living in a particular local area
    Terrorism scholar Aref M. Al-Khattar has listed The Covenant, The Sword, and the Arm of the Lord, Defensive Action, The Freemen Community, and some "Christian militia" as groups that "can be placed under the category of far-right-wing terrorism" that "has a religious (Christian) component".[77]
  238. club
    a formal association of people with similar interests
    A local Marxist tribal leader, Kishore Debbarma, was clubbed to death in Tripura's Sadar (north) by militants belonging to the Biswamohan faction of the NLFT in May 2005.[24]
  239. European
    of or relating to or characteristic of Europe
    However, some of his writings indicate that he values Christianity primarily as a foundation of European cultural identity,[38] as he himself is not "a very religious person" and sees religion as a "crutch".[39]
  240. government
    the system or form by which a community is ruled
    The Gunpowder Plot was a failed attempt to blow up the Palace of Westminster, the English seat of government.
  241. civil
    of or occurring between or among citizens of the state
    Beginning after the Civil War, members of the Protestant-led,[62] Ku Klux Klan organization began engaging in arson, beatings, cross burning, destruction of property, lynching, murder, rape, tar-and-feathering, and whipping against African Americans, Jews, Catholics, and other social or ethnic minorities.
  242. liberty
    freedom of choice
    Illustration by Rev. Branford Clarke from Klansmen: Guardians of Liberty 1926 by Bishop Alma White published by the Pillar of Fire Church in Zarephath, NJ.
  243. economic
    of or relating to production and management of wealth
    (July 2011)

    Some scholars, such as Steve Bruce, a sociology professor at the University of Aberdeen, argue that the conflict in Northern Ireland is primarily a religious conflict, its economic and social considerations notwithstanding.[6]
  244. conduct
    the way a person behaves toward other people
    Their cross-burnings were conducted not only to intimidate targets, but to demonstrate their respect and reverence for Jesus Christ, and the lighting ritual was steeped in Christian symbolism, including the saying of prayers and singing of Christian hymns.
  245. passage
    the act of moving from one state or place to the next
    A quasi-religious movement that mixes some aspects of Christian and Islamic beliefs with its own brand of spiritualism,[52][53] it is led by Joseph Kony, who proclaims himself the spokesperson of God and a spirit medium, primarily of the "Holy Spirit" which the Acholi believe can represent itself in many manifestations.[page needed][54][54][55][56] LRA fighters wear rosary beads and recite passages from the Bible before battle.[52][57][58][dead link][59][60][61]
    [edit] United States
    S...
  246. consider
    think about carefully; weigh
    The Centennial Olympic Park bombing in 1996, as well as subsequent attacks on an abortion clinic and a lesbian nightclub, were made by Eric Robert Rudolph; Michael Barkun, a professor at Syracuse University, considers Rudolph to likely fit the definition of a Christian terrorist, whereas James A. Aho, a professor at Idaho State University, argues instead that Rudolph was inspired only in part by religious considerations.[75]
  247. council
    a body serving in an administrative capacity
    The insurgency in Nagaland was originally led by the National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN), and it is continued today by a faction named "NSCN–Isaac Muivah", which explicitly calls for a "Nagalim for Christ".[17]
  248. published
    prepared and printed for distribution and sale
    Illustration by Rev. Branford Clarke from Klansmen: Guardians of Liberty 1926 by Bishop Alma White published by the Pillar of Fire Church in Zarephath, NJ.
  249. receive
    get something; come into possession of
    Pastor John Somerville, an associate of Peeples, had previously been convicted under the Prevention of Terrorism Act and had received a life sentence for his part in the Miami Showband massacre.[12]
  250. property
    something owned
    Beginning after the Civil War, members of the Protestant-led,[62] Ku Klux Klan organization began engaging in arson, beatings, cross burning, destruction of property, lynching, murder, rape, tar-and-feathering, and whipping against African Americans, Jews, Catholics, and other social or ethnic minorities.
  251. attempt
    make an effort
    The Gunpowder Plot was a failed attempt to blow up the Palace of Westminster, the English seat of government.
  252. respect
    regard highly; think much of
    Their cross-burnings were conducted not only to intimidate targets, but to demonstrate their respect and reverence for Jesus Christ, and the lighting ritual was steeped in Christian symbolism, including the saying of prayers and singing of Christian hymns.
  253. support
    the act of bearing the weight of or strengthening
    The state government reports that the Baptist Church of Tripura supplies arms and gives financial support to the NLFT.[15][16][18]
  254. chapter
    a subdivision of a written work; usually numbered and titled
    John Joseph, the Christian representative of the National Minority Commission, stated in 2000 that foreign funds used for Christian terrorism in the northeast are routed through Christians in Kerala.[28]
    [edit] Orissa
    See also: Religious violence in Orissa

    In 2007 a tribal spiritual Hindu monk, Swami Lakshmanananda Saraswati, accused Radhakant Nayak, chief of a local chapter of World Vision, and a former Rajya Sabha member from Orissa in the Indian National Congress party, of plottin...
  255. century
    a period of 100 years
    [66]

    During the twentieth century, members of extremist groups such as the Army of God began executing attacks against abortion clinics and doctors across the United States.[67][68][69]
  256. influence
    a power to affect persons or events
    Victoriously slaying Catholic influence in the U.S.
  257. figure
    alternate name for the body of a human being
    Other notable individuals convicted for terrorism offences include Pastor Kenny McClinton, a convicted murderer who once advocated beheading Roman Catholics and impaling their heads on railings, and Billy Wright, a Born again Christian preacher who became one of the most feared paramilitary figures in Northern Ireland before being assassinated whilst incarcerated in prison.[13]
    [edit] India
    [edit] Tripura and Assam

    The National Liberation Front of Tripura (NLFT), a rebel group operat...
  258. found
    set up
    In 1999 Pastor Clifford Peeples of the Bethel Pentecostal Church was convicted of offences under the Prevention of Terrorism Act and sentenced to ten years imprisonment after being found in possession of hand grenades and a pipe bomb intended for use against Catholics.[11]
  259. period
    an amount of time
    Such groups have used Old Testament and New Testament scriptures to justify violence and killing or to seek to bring about the "end times" described in the New Testament,[1] while others have hoped to bring about a Christian theocracyEngland

    The early modern period in Britain saw religious conflict resulting from the Reformation and the introduction of Protestant state churches.[4]
Created on Mon Oct 24 10:36:59 EDT 2011

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