- Types:
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vanillin
a crystalline compound found in vanilla beans and some balsam resins; used in perfumes and flavorings
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acceptor
(chemistry) in the formation of a coordinate bond it is the compound to which electrons are donated
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adduct
a compound formed by an addition reaction
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antiknock
any of various compounds that are added to gasoline to reduce engine knocking
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acid
any of various water-soluble compounds having a sour taste and capable of turning litmus red and reacting with a base to form a salt
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arsenide
a compound of arsenic with a more positive element
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hydrogen cyanide
a highly poisonous gas or volatile liquid that smells like bitter almonds; becomes a gas at around 90 degree Fahrenheit and is most dangerous when inhaled; the anhydride of hydrocyanic acid; used in manufacturing
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anionic compound
a compound characterized by an active anion
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alkali, base
any of various water-soluble compounds capable of turning litmus blue and reacting with an acid to form a salt and water
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binary compound
chemical compound composed of only two elements
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taurine
a colorless crystalline substance obtained from the bile of mammals
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chromogen
a compound that can be converted to a pigment
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manganese tetroxide
an oxide of manganese found naturally as hausmannite
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monomer
a simple compound whose molecules can join together to form polymers
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ozonide
any of a class of unstable chemical compounds resulting from the addition of ozone to a double bond in an unsaturated compound
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organic compound
any compound of carbon and another element or a radical
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ammine
a complex inorganic compound that contains ammonia molecules
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anhydride
a compound formed from one or more other compounds in a reaction resulting in removal of water
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azide
a chemical compound containing the azido group combined with an element or radical
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bitter principle
any one of several hundred compounds having a bitter taste; not admitting of chemical classification
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buffer
(chemistry) an ionic compound that resists changes in its pH
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calcium-cyanamide, cyanamide
a compound used as a fertilizer and as a source of nitrogen compounds
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carbonyl
a compound containing metal combined with carbon monoxide
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carbon disulfide
a toxic colorless flammable liquid (CS2); used in the manufacture of rayon and cellophane and carbon tetrachloride and as a solvent for rubber
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cofactor
a substance (as a coenzyme) that must join with another to produce a given result
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cementite, iron carbide
a chemical compound that is a constituent of steel and cast iron; very hard and brittle
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chloropicrin, nitrochloroform
a heavy colorless insoluble liquid compound that causes tears and vomiting; used as a pesticide and as tear gas
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complex, coordination compound
a compound described in terms of the central atom to which other atoms are bound or coordinated
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allomorph
any of several different crystalline forms of the same chemical compound
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corrosive
a substance having the tendency to cause corrosion (such a strong acids or alkali)
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aluminate
a compound of alumina and a metallic oxide
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defoliant
a chemical that is sprayed on plants and causes their leaves to fall off
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depilatory
a chemical (usually a sulfide) used to remove hair or wool or bristles from hides
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derivative
a compound obtained from, or regarded as derived from, another compound
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dimer
a compound whose molecules are composed of two identical monomers
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fixer, fixing agent
a chemical compound that sets or fixes something (as a dye or a photographic image)
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flavone
a colorless crystalline compound that is part of a number of white or yellow plant pigments
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formulation, preparation
a substance prepared according to a formula
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enantiomer, enantiomorph
either one of a pair of compounds (crystals or molecules) that are mirror images on each other but are not identical
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exotherm
a compound that gives off heat during its formation and absorbs heat during its decomposition
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goitrogen
any substance (such as thiouracil) that induces the formation of a goiter
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benzofuran, coumarone, cumarone
a colorless oily compound extracted from coal tar and used in manufacturing synthetic resins
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synthetic, synthetic substance
a compound made artificially by chemical reactions
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hydrate
any compound that contains water of crystallization
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hydroxide
a chemical compound containing the hydroxyl group
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incense
a substance that produces a fragrant odor when burned
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inorganic compound
any compound that does not contain carbon
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repellant, repellent
a chemical substance that repels animals
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repellant, repellent
a compound with which fabrics are treated to repel water
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iodocompound
a compound containing the covalent iodine radical
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isomer
a compound that exists in forms having different arrangements of atoms but the same molecular weight
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hydrated oxide, hydroxide
a compound of an oxide with water
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menthol
a crystalline compound that has the cool and minty taste and odor that occurs naturally in peppermint oil; used as a flavoring and in medicine to relieve itching, pain, and nasal congestion
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nitrogen mustard
a toxic compound resembling mustard gas in structure; important in cancer treatment
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nitride
a compound containing nitrogen and a more electropositive element (such as phosphorus or a metal)
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oxide
any compound of oxygen with another element or a radical
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polymer
a naturally occurring or synthetic compound consisting of large molecules made up of a linked series of repeated simple monomers
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preservative
a chemical compound that is added to protect against decay or decomposition
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benzoquinone, quinone
any of a class of aromatic yellow compounds including several that are biologically important as coenzymes or acceptors or vitamins; used in making dyes
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salt
a compound formed by replacing hydrogen in an acid by a metal (or a radical that acts like a metal)
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caustic
any chemical substance that burns or destroys living tissue
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nitrate
any compound containing the nitrate group (such as a salt or ester of nitric acid)
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chloride
any compound containing a chlorine atom
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heterocycle, heterocyclic, heterocyclic compound
a compound containing a heterocyclic ring
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silicide
any of various compounds of silicon with a more electropositive element or radical
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siloxane
any of a large class of compounds that have alternate silicon and oxygen atoms
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solvate
a compound formed by solvation (the combination of solvent molecules with molecules or ions of the solute)
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sternutator, sternutatory
a chemical substance that causes sneezing and coughing and crying
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stripper
a chemical compound used to remove paint or varnish
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sulfide, sulphide
a compound of sulphur and some other element that is more electropositive
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telluride
any binary compound of tellurium with other more electropositive elements
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tenderiser, tenderizer
a substance (as the plant enzyme papain) applied to meat to make it tender
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tetrachloride
any compound that contains four chlorine atoms per molecule
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triazine
any of three isomeric compounds having three carbon and three nitrogen atoms in a six-membered ring
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U308, yellowcake
an impure mixture of uranium oxides obtained during the processing of uranium ore
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enamel
a colored glassy compound (opaque or partially opaque) that is fused to the surface of metal or glass or pottery for decoration or protection
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pregnanediol
a compound found in women's urine during certain phases of the menstrual cycle and in the urine of pregnant women
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cleaner, cleanser, cleansing agent
a preparation used in cleaning something
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aldehyde
any of a class of highly reactive chemical compounds; used in making resins and dyes and organic acids
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alcapton, alkapton, homogentisic acid
an acid formed as an intermediate product of the metabolism of tyrosine and phenylalanine
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Plasticine
a synthetic material resembling clay but remaining soft; used as a substitute for clay or wax in modeling (especially in schools)
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acetate, ethanoate
a salt or ester of acetic acid
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lead tetraethyl, tetraethyl lead
a clear oily poisonous liquid added to gasoline to prevent knocking
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aliphatic compound
organic compound that is an alkane or alkene or alkyne or their derivative
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alkylbenzene
organic compound that has an alkyl group bound to a benzene ring
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alkyl halide, haloalkane
organic compound in which halogen atoms have been substituted for hydrogen atoms in an alkane
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amino acid, aminoalkanoic acid
organic compounds containing an amino group and a carboxylic acid group
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citrate
a salt or ester of citric acid
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diamine
any organic compound containing two amino groups
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enol
an organic compound that contains a hydroxyl group bonded to a carbon atom which in turn is doubly bonded to another carbon atom
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arsenate
a salt or ester of arsenic acid
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arsenic acid
an acid formed from arsenic pentoxide
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cerotic acid, hexacosanoic acid
a white solid fatty acid found in waxes (such as beeswax)
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chlorate
any salt of chloric acid
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chloric acid
(HClO3) a strong unstable acid with an acrid odor found in chlorate salts
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chlorous acid
(HClO2) a strongly oxidizing acid; known only in solution
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monobasic acid
an acid containing only one replaceable hydrogen atom per molecule
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dibasic acid
an acid containing two replaceable hydrogen atoms per molecule
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dibasic salt
a salt derived by replacing two hydrogen atoms per molecule
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tribasic acid
an acid containing three replaceable hydrogen atoms per molecule
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tetrabasic acid
an acid containing four replaceable hydrogen atoms per molecule
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fulminic acid
(CNOH) an unstable acid occurring mainly in the form of explosive salts and esters that is isomeric with cyanic acid
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gamma acid
a crystalline acid used to make azo dyes
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hydriodic acid
(HI) a colorless or yellow aqueous solution of hydrogen iodide
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hydrocyanic acid, prussic acid
a solution of hydrogen cyanide in water; weak solutions are used in fumigating and in the synthesis of organic compounds
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hydroxy acid
any acid that has hydroxyl groups in addition to the hydroxyl group in the acid itself
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hypochlorite
any salt or ester of hypochlorous acid
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hyponitrous acid
an explosive white crystalline weak acid (H2N2O2)
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lysergic acid
a crystalline acid often used in medical research; obtained from ergotic alkaloids
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manganic acid
a dibasic acid (H2MnO4) found only in solution and in manganate salts
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pyrophosphate
a salt or ester of pyrophosphoric acid
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2-methylpropenoic acid, methacrylic acid
an unsaturated acid (C4H6O2) used to make resins and plastics
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selenic acid
a strong acid (H2SeO4) analogous to sulfuric acid
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sulfonate
a salt of sulphonic acid
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sulfonic acid, sulphonic acid
an acid derived from sulphuric acid
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titanic acid
a white weak acid that is a hydrated form of titanium dioxide
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titania, titanic oxide, titanium dioxide, titanium oxide
a white powder used as a pigment for its high covering power and durability
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chelate, chelate compound
a heterocyclic compound having a metal ion attached by coordinate bonds to at least two nonmetal ions
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halon
a compound in which the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon have been replaced by bromine and other halogen atoms; very stable; used in fire extinguishers although it is thought to release bromine that depletes the ozone layer
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phosphor
a synthetic substance that is fluorescent or phosphorescent; used to coat the screens of cathode ray tubes
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common salt, sodium chloride
a white crystalline solid consisting mainly of sodium chloride (NaCl)
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lactate
a salt or ester of lactic acid
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perchlorate
a salt of perchloric acid
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perchloric acid
a powerful oxidizing agent; forms perchlorates
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pentoxide
an oxide containing five atoms of oxygen in the molecule
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peptone
any of various water-soluble compounds that form by hydrolysis in the digestion of proteins to amino acids
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quaternary ammonium compound
a compound derived from ammonium with hydrogen atoms replaced by organic groups; used as surface-active agents, disinfectants, and in drugs
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proenzyme, zymogen
any of a group of compounds that are inactive precursors of enzymes and require some change (such as the hydrolysis of a fragment that masks an active enzyme) to become active
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propylthiouracil
a crystalline compound used as an antithyroid drug in the treatment of goiter
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pyridine
a toxic colorless flammable liquid organic base with a disagreeable odor; usually derived from coal
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pyrites
any of various metallic-looking sulfides (of which pyrite is the commonest)
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purine
a colorless crystalline organic base containing nitrogen; the parent compound of various biologically important substances
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purine
any of several bases that are derivatives of purine
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ether
any of a class of organic compounds that have two hydrocarbon groups linked by an oxygen atom
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acetal
any organic compound formed by adding alcohol molecules to aldehyde molecules
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aldehyde-alcohol, aldol
an oily colorless liquid obtained by the condensation of two molecules of acetaldehyde; contains an alcohol group (-OH) and an aldehyde group (-CHO)
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alkali
a mixture of soluble salts found in arid soils and some bodies of water; detrimental to agriculture
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alkaloid
natural bases containing nitrogen found in plants
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amide
any organic compound containing the group -CONH2
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rennet
a substance that curdles milk in making cheese and junket
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azadirachtin
insecticide
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carboxylic acid
an organic acid characterized by one or more carboxyl groups
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aminobenzoic acid
a derivative of benzoic acid
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ammonia
a pungent gas compounded of nitrogen and hydrogen (NH3)
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ammonium chloride, sal ammoniac
a white salt used in dry cells
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stercobilinogen, urobilinogen
a chromogen formed in the intestine from the breakdown of bilirubin; yields urobilins on oxidation; some is excreted in the feces and some is resorbed and excreted in bile or urine
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aqua fortis, nitric acid
acid used especially in the production of fertilizers and explosives and rocket fuels
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nitrous acid
an unstable inorganic acid known only in solution and as nitrite salts
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nitrogen oxide
any of several oxides of nitrogen formed by the action of nitric acid on oxidizable materials; present in car exhausts
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aqua regia, nitrohydrochloric acid
a yellow fuming corrosive mixture of nitric and hydrochloric acid that dissolves metals (including gold)
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acetic anhydride
a compound that is needed in order to refine opium into heroin
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phthalic anhydride
a white cyclic anhydride
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hydrazoite
a salt of hydrazoic acid
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thiazine
a compound made up of a ring of four carbon atoms and one sulfur atom and one nitrogen atom
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barbituric acid, malonylurea
a white crystalline acid derived from pyrimidine; used in preparing barbiturate drugs
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benzoate
any salt or ester of benzoic acid
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Prevacid, lansoprazole
antacid (trade name Prevacid) that suppresses acid secretion in the stomach
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borate
a salt or ester of boric acid
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boracic acid, boric acid
any of various acids containing boron and oxygen
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boric acid, orthoboric acid
a white or colorless slightly acid solid that is soluble in water and ethanol; used in the manufacture of glass and paper and adhesives and in detergents and as a flux in welding; also used as an antiseptic and food preservative
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borosilicate
a salt of boric and silicic acids
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bromic acid
an unstable acid used as an oxidizing agent
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cacodyl, tetramethyldiarsine
a poisonous oily liquid with a garlicky odor composed of 2 cacodyl groups; undergoes spontaneous combustion in dry air
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calcium carbide
a grey salt of calcium (CaC) used in making acetylene
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calcium lactate
a white crystalline salt made by the action of lactic acid on calcium carbonate; used in foods (as a baking powder) and given medically as a source of calcium
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calcium nitrate
a deliquescent salt that is soluble in water; sometimes used as a source of nitrogen in fertilizers
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burnt lime, calcined lime, calcium oxide, calx, fluxing lime, lime, quicklime, unslaked lime
a white crystalline oxide used in the production of calcium hydroxide
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calcium octadecanoate, calcium stearate
an insoluble calcium salt of stearic acid and palmitic acid; it is formed when soap is mixed with water that contains calcium ions and is the scum produced in regions of hard water
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carbamate
a salt (or ester) of carbamic acid
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carbamic acid
an acid that is known only by virtue of its salts (as ammonium carbamate) or its esters (as urethane)
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carbide
a binary compound of carbon with a more electropositive element
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cellulose nitrate, guncotton, nitrocellulose, nitrocotton
a nitric acid ester; used in lacquers and explosives
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carbolic acid, hydroxybenzene, oxybenzene, phenol, phenylic acid
a toxic white soluble crystalline acidic derivative of benzene; used in manufacturing and as a disinfectant and antiseptic; poisonous if taken internally
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carbon tet, carbon tetrachloride, perchloromethane, tetrachloromethane
a colorless nonflammable liquid used as a solvent for fats and oils; because of its toxicity its use as a cleaning fluid or fire extinguisher has declined
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carbonate
a salt or ester of carbonic acid (containing the anion CO3)
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fulminate
a salt or ester of fulminic acid
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carbonic acid
a weak acid known only in solution; formed when carbon dioxide combines with water
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neurochemical
any organic substance that occurs in neural activity
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acid anhydrides, acyl anhydrides
organic compounds that react with water to form an acid
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acid halide, acyl halide
organic compounds containing the group -COX where X is a halogen atom
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chromic acid
an unstable acid known only in solution and as chromate salts
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chromate
any salt or ester of chromic acid
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citric acid
a weak water-soluble acid found in many fruits (especially citrus fruits); used as a flavoring agent
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hydrochloride
a complex consisting of an organic base in association with hydrogen chloride
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copper oxide
an oxide of copper
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aluminium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, hydrated aluminium oxide, hydrated aluminum oxide
white crystalline compound that occurs naturally as the mineral gibbsite
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coal-tar creosote, creosote
a dark oily liquid obtained by distillation of coal tar; used as a preservative for wood
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creosote
a colorless or yellowish oily liquid obtained by distillation of wood tar; used as an antiseptic
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cyanamid, cyanamide
a weak soluble dibasic acid (the parent acid of cyanamide salts)
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cyanic acid
a colorless poisonous volatile liquid acid that hydrolyzes readily to ammonia and carbon dioxide
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cyanide
an extremely poisonous salt of hydrocyanic acid
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cyanide, nitril, nitrile
any of a class of organic compounds containing the cyano radical -CN
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cyanohydrin
any organic compound in which the cyano radical -CN and the hydroxyl radical -OH are attached to the same carbon atom
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cyanuric acid
a trimer of cyanic acid
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DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid, desoxyribonucleic acid
(biochemistry) a long linear polymer found in the nucleus of a cell and formed from nucleotides and shaped like a double helix; associated with the transmission of genetic information
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RNA, ribonucleic acid
(biochemistry) a long linear polymer of nucleotides found in the nucleus but mainly in the cytoplasm of a cell where it is associated with microsomes; it transmits genetic information from DNA to the cytoplasm and controls certain chemical processes in the cell
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dioxide
an oxide containing two atoms of oxygen in the molecule
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H2O, water
binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent
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ester
formed by reaction between an acid and an alcohol with elimination of water
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soda niter, sodium nitrate
(NaNO3) used especially as a fertilizer and explosive
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niter, nitre, potassium nitrate, saltpeter, saltpetre
(KNO3) used especially as a fertilizer and explosive
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potassium bromide
a white crystalline salt (KBr) used as a sedative and in photography
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potassium chlorate
a white salt (KClO3) used in matches, fireworks, and explosives; also used as a disinfectant and bleaching agent
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potassium dichromate
an orange-red salt used in making dyes and in photography
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ferric oxide
a red oxide of iron
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ferricyanic acid
a brown unstable acid formed from ferricyanide
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ferricyanide
salt of ferricyanic acid obtained by oxidation of a ferrocyanide
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ferrocyanic acid
a white unstable acid formed from ferrocyanide salts
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ferrocyanide
salt of ferrocyanic acid usually obtained by a reaction of a cyanide with iron sulphate
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fixative
a compound (such as ethanol or formaldehyde) that fixes tissues and cells for microscopic study
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fluoroboric acid
an acid of fluorine and boron
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fluoroboride
a salt of fluoroboric acid
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fluosilicate
salt of fluosilicic acid
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fluosilicic acid, hydrofluosilicic acid
an unstable poisonous corrosive acid known primarily in the form of its salts
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formic acid
a colorless pungent fuming vesicatory liquid acid HCOOH found naturally in ants and many plants or made catalytically from carbon monoxide and steam; used in finishing textiles and paper and in the manufacture of insecticides and fumigants
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fumaric acid
a colorless crystalline acid with a fruity taste; used in making polyester resins
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furan, furane, furfuran
a colorless toxic flammable liquid used in the synthesis of nylon
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gallic acid
a colorless crystalline acid obtained from tannin
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glutamate
a salt or ester of glutamic acid
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glyceric acid
a syrupy acid obtained by oxidation of glycerol or glyceraldehyde
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glycerinated gelatin
a gelatinous preparation made from gelatin and glycerin and water; used as a base for ointments and suppositories
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Nitrospan, Nitrostat, glyceryl trinitrate, nitroglycerin, nitroglycerine, trinitroglycerin
a heavy yellow poisonous oily explosive liquid obtained by nitrating glycerol; used in making explosives and medically as a vasodilator (trade names Nitrospan and Nitrostat)
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glycoside
a group of compounds derived from monosaccharides
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glycolic acid, glycollic acid, hydroxyacetic acid
a translucent crystalline compound found in sugar cane and sugar beets and unripe grapes
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resin, rosin
any of a class of solid or semisolid viscous substances obtained either as exudations from certain plants or prepared by polymerization of simple molecules
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synthetic resin
a resin having a polymeric structure; especially a resin in the raw state; used chiefly in plastics
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copolymer
a polymer consisting of two or more different monomers
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polyurethan, polyurethane
any of various polymers containing the urethane radical; a wide variety of synthetic forms are made and used as adhesives or plastics or paints or rubber
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halide
a salt of any halogen acid
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halocarbon
one of various compounds of carbon and any of the halogens
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hemiacetal
an organic compound usually formed as an intermediate product in the preparation of acetals from aldehydes or ketones
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erythrocytolysin, erythrolysin, haemolysin, hemolysin
any substance that can cause lysis (destruction) of erythrocytes (red blood cells) and the release of their hemoglobin
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humic substance
an organic residue of decaying organic matter
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hydride
any binary compound formed by the union of hydrogen and other elements
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hydrobromic acid
an aqueous solution of hydrogen bromide that is a strong liquid acid
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hydrocarbon
an organic compound containing only carbon and hydrogen
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chlorohydric acid, hydrochloric acid
an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride; a strongly corrosive acid
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hydrogen chloride
a colorless corrosive gas (HCl)
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hydrofluoric acid
a weak poisonous liquid acid; formed by solution of hydrogen fluoride in water
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hydroiodic acid
an acid formed by aqueous solution of hydrogen iodide
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hydrogen sulfide
a sulfide having the unpleasant smell of rotten eggs
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hypo, sodium thiosulfate, sodium thiosulphate
a compound used as a fixing agent in photographic developing
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hypochlorous acid
a weak unstable acid known only in solution and in its salts; used as a bleaching agent and as an oxidizing agent
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glyoxaline, imidazole, iminazole
an organic base C3H4N2; a histamine inhibitor
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insect repellant, insect repellent, insectifuge
a chemical substance that repels insects
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iodic acid
a soluble crystalline acid; used as a reagent and disinfectant
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iron disulfide
a compound containing two atoms of sulfur combined with iron
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isocyanate
a salt or ester of isocyanic acid
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isocyanic acid
an acid known only in the form of its esters
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itaconic acid
a crystalline carboxylic acid; occurs in some fermentations of sugars
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joss stick
a slender stick of incense burned before a joss by the Chinese
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ketone
any of a class of organic compounds having a carbonyl group linked to a carbon atom in each of two hydrocarbon radicals
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lignin
a complex polymer; the chief constituent of wood other than carbohydrates; binds to cellulose fibers to harden and strengthen cell walls of plants
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calcium hydrate, calcium hydroxide, caustic lime, hydrated lime, lime, lime hydrate, slaked lime
a caustic substance produced by heating limestone
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calcium chloride
a deliquescent salt; used in de-icing and as a drying agent
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calcium sulfate, calcium sulphate
a white salt (CaSO4)
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lye
a strong solution of sodium or potassium hydroxide
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macromolecule, supermolecule
any very large complex molecule; found only in plants and animals
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magnesium hydroxide
a white crystalline powder used chiefly in medicines
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magnesium nitride
a nitride containing nitrogen and magnesium
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maleic acid
a colorless crystalline compound found in unripe fruit (such as apples or tomatoes or cherries) and used mainly to make polyester resins
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manganate
a salt of manganic acid containing manganese as its anion
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cyanuramide, melamine
a white crystalline organic base; used mainly in making melamine resins
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calomel, mercurous chloride
a tasteless colorless powder used medicinally as a cathartic
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monohydrate
a hydrate that contains one molecule of water per molecule of the compound
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monoxide
an oxide containing just one atom of oxygen in the molecule
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chrome alum
a violet-colored salt used in hide tanning and as a mordant in dyeing
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tartrate
a salt or ester of tartaric acid
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nebula
a medicinal liquid preparation intended for use in an atomizer
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nitrobenzene
a poisonous oily water-soluble liquid used as a solvent and in the manufacture of aniline
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polyamide, polymeric amide
a polymer containing repeated amide groups
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oxalacetate, oxaloacetate
a salt or ester of oxalacetic acid
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oxalacetic acid, oxaloacetic acid
an acid formed by oxidation of maleic acid (as in metabolism of fats and carbohydrates)
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oxalate
a salt or ester of oxalic acid
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ethanedioic acid, oxalic acid
a toxic colorless crystalline organic acid found in oxalis and other plants; used as a bleach and rust remover and in chemical analysis
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oxime
any compound containing the group -C=NOH
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oxyacid, oxygen acid
any acid that contains oxygen
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pantothen, pantothenic acid
a vitamin of the vitamin B complex that performs an important role in the oxidation of fats and carbohydrates and certain amino acids; occurs in many foods
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PABA, para aminobenzoic acid
a metabolic acid found in yeast and liver cells; used to make dyes and drugs and sun blockers
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pectic acid
a complex acid that occurs in ripe fruit and some vegetables
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permanganate
a dark purple salt of permanganic acid; in water solution it is used as a disinfectant and antiseptic
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permanganic acid
an unstable purple acid (HMnO4) known only in solution or of permanganate salts
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peroxide
an inorganic compound containing the divalent ion -O-O-
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petrochemical
any compound obtained from petroleum or natural gas
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inorganic phosphate, orthophosphate, phosphate
a salt of phosphoric acid
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creatine phosphate, creatine phosphoric acid, phosphocreatine
an organic compound of creatine and phosphoric acid; found in the muscles of vertebrates where its hydrolysis releases energy for muscular contraction
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phthalic acid
a colorless acid used to make dyes and perfumes
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picric acid
a yellow toxic highly explosive strong acid; used in high explosives and as a dye and in chemical reactions
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phenol
any of a class of weakly acidic organic compounds; molecule contains one or more hydroxyl groups
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polyphosphate
a salt or ester of polyphosphoric acid
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polish
a preparation used in polishing
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caustic potash, potash, potassium hydroxide
a potassium compound often used in agriculture and industry
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acrylate, propenoate
a salt or ester of propenoic acid
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pyrimidine
a heterocyclic organic compound with a penetrating odor
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pyrimidine
any of several basic compounds derived from pyrimidine
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pyruvic acid
a colorless acid formed as an important intermediate in metabolism or fermentation
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quassia
a bitter compound used as an insecticide and tonic and vermifuge; extracted from the wood and bark of trees of the genera Quassia and Picrasma
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minium, red lead
a reddish oxide of lead (Pb3O4) used as a pigment in paints and in glass and ceramics
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rubber, synthetic rubber
any of various synthetic elastic materials whose properties resemble natural rubber
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salicylate
a salt of salicylic acid (included in several commonly used drugs)
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double salt
a solution of two simple salts that forms a single substance on crystallization
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bile salt
a salt of bile acid and a base; functions as an emulsifier of lipids and fatty acids
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Glauber's salt, Glauber's salts
(Na2SO4.10H2O) a colorless salt used as a cathartic
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cream of tartar, potassium bitartrate, potassium hydrogen tartrate, tartar
a salt used especially in baking powder
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sodium chlorate
a colorless salt (NaClO3) used as a weed killer and an antiseptic
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dichromic acid
the hypothetical acid (H2Cr2O7) from which dichromates are derived; known only in solution and in the form of dichromate salts
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bichromate, dichromate
a salt of the hypothetical dichromic acid
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sodium bichromate, sodium dichromate
a red-orange salt used as a mordant
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ammonium nitrate
used as an explosive and fertilizer and rocket propellant
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silver nitrate
a nitrate used in making photographic emulsions; also used in medicine as a cautery and as a topical antibacterial agent
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caustic soda, sodium hydroxide
a strongly alkaline caustic used in manufacturing soap and paper and aluminum and various sodium compounds
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microcosmic salt
a white salt present in urine and used to test for metal oxides
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trichloride
any compound containing three chlorine atoms in each molecule
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bichloride, dichloride
a compound containing two chlorine atoms per molecule
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perchloride
a chloride containing an unusually high proportion of chlorine
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aluminium chloride, aluminum chloride
a chloride used as a wood preservative or catalyst
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dichloromethane, methylene chloride
a nonflammable liquid used as a solvent and paint remover and refrigerant
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obidoxime chloride
a chloride used as an antidote for nerve gases such as sarin or VX
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silver chloride
a chloride used chiefly in the manufacture of photographic emulsions
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stannic chloride
a colorless caustic liquid made by treating tin with chlorine
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starch
a commercial preparation of starch that is used to stiffen textile fabrics in laundering
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hemin, protohemin
a reddish-brown chloride of heme; produced from hemoglobin in laboratory tests for the presence of blood
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silicic acid
a jellylike substance (hydrated silica)
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silicate
a salt or ester derived from silicic acid
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silicone, silicone polymer
any of a large class of siloxanes that are unusually stable over a wide range of temperatures; used in lubricants and adhesives and coatings and synthetic rubber and electrical insulation
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silica, silicon dioxide, silicon oxide
a white or colorless vitreous insoluble solid (SiO2); various forms occur widely in the earth's crust as quartz or cristobalite or tridymite or lechatelierite
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smelling salts
a pungent preparation of ammonium carbonate and perfume; sniffed as a stimulant to relieve faintness
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sal soda, soda, soda ash, sodium carbonate, washing soda
a sodium salt of carbonic acid; used in making soap powders and glass and paper
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sodium carboxymethyl cellulose
a gummy substance that is a sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose; used as a thickening or emulsifying agent
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sodium fluoride
a colorless crystalline salt of sodium (NaF) used in fluoridation of water and to prevent tooth decay
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spice
aromatic substances of vegetable origin used as a preservative
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steroid
any of several fat-soluble organic compounds having as a basis 17 carbon atoms in four rings; many have important physiological effects
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nonsteroid, nonsteroidal
an organic compound that does no contain a steroid
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sulfanilic acid, sulphanilic acid
a crystalline acid made from aniline and used as a dye
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sulfate, sulphate
a salt or ester of sulphuric acid
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sulfur oxide, sulphur oxide
any of several oxides of sulphur
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superoxide
a metallic oxide containing the univalent anion O2-
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tetroxide
an oxide containing four atoms of oxygen in the molecule
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thiouracil
depresses the function of the thyroid gland
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thiocyanate
a salt of thiocyanic acid; formed when alkaline cyanides are fused with sulfur
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thiocyanic acid
an unstable acid that can be obtained by distilling a thiocyanate salt
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toluic acid
an isomeric acid derived from toluene
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trimer
a polymer (or a molecule of a polymer) consisting of three identical monomers
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trioxide
an oxide containing three atoms of oxygen in the molecule
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triphosphoric acid
an acid that is a partial anhydride of three molecules of phosphoric acid; known chiefly in the form of its salts and esters
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tungstate
a salt of tungstic acid
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coenzyme Q, ubiquinone
any of several quinones found in living cells and that function as coenzymes that transfer electrons from one molecule to another in cell respiration
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undecylenic acid
an acid that is a component of perspiration
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uranyl nitrate
a yellow salt obtained by the reaction of uranium salts with nitric acid
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carbamide, urea
the chief solid component of mammalian urine; synthesized from ammonia and carbon dioxide and used as fertilizer and in animal feed and in plastics
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uric acid
a white tasteless odorless crystalline product of protein metabolism; found in the blood and urine
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urate
a salt of uric acid
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vanadate
a salt or ester of vanadic acid; an anion containing pentavalent vanadium
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oil of vitriol, sulfuric acid, sulphuric acid, vitriol
(H2SO4) a highly corrosive acid made from sulfur dioxide; widely used in the chemical industry
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cadmium sulfide
a yellow sulfide used chiefly as a pigment
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flowers of zinc, philosopher's wool, philosophers' wool, zinc oxide
oxide of zinc; a white powder used as a pigment or in cosmetics or glass or inks and in zinc ointment
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zinc sulfide, zinc sulphide
a yellow to white crystalline fluorescent compound that occurs naturally as sphalerite or wurtzite and is used as a luminous pigment
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zirconia, zirconium dioxide, zirconium oxide
a white crystalline oxide; used in refractories and in insulation and abrasives and enamels and glazes
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imide
any of a class of organic compounds that contain the divalent radical -CONHCO-
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xanthate
a salt or ester of xanthic acid
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xanthic acid
any of a class of unstable organic acids containing sulphur
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xanthine
crystalline oxidation product of the metabolism of nucleoproteins; precursor of uric acid; found in many organs and in urine