types:
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catheterisation, catheterization
the operation of introducing a catheter into the body
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ablation, cutting out, excision, extirpation
surgical removal of a body part or tissue
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amputation
a surgical removal of all or part of a limb
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angioplasty
an operation to repair a damaged blood vessel or unblock a coronary artery
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arthroplasty
surgical reconstruction or replacement of a malformed or degenerated joint
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arthroscopy
a minimally invasive operation to repair a damaged joint; the surgeon examines the joint with an arthroscope while making repairs through a small incision
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brain surgery
any surgical procedure involving the brain
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castration
surgical removal of the testes or ovaries (usually to inhibit hormone secretion in cases of breast cancer in women or prostate cancer in men)
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cauterisation, cauterization, cautery
the act of coagulating blood and destroying tissue with a hot iron or caustic agent or by freezing
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chemosurgery
use of chemical to destroy diseased or malignant tissue; used in treatment of skin cancer
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craniotomy
a surgical opening through the skull
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cryosurgery
the use of extreme cold (usually liquid nitrogen) to destroy unwanted tissue (warts or cataracts or skin cancers)
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curettage, curettement
surgery to remove tissue or growths from a bodily cavity (as the uterus) by scraping with a curette
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debridement
surgical removal of foreign material and dead tissue from a wound in order to prevent infection and promote healing
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decortication
removal of the outer covering of an organ or part
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D and C, dilatation and curettage, dilation and curettage
a surgical procedure usually performed under local anesthesia in which the cervix is dilated and the endometrial lining of the uterus is scraped with a curet; performed to obtain tissue samples or to stop prolonged bleeding or to remove small tumors or to remove fragments of placenta after childbirth or as a method of abortion
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electrosurgery
surgery performed with electrical devices (as in electrocautery)
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enterostomy, enterotomy
surgical operation that creates a permanent opening through the abdominal wall into the intestine
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enucleation
surgical removal of something without cutting into it
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wrong-site surgery
a surgical operation performed on the wrong part of the body
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evisceration
surgical removal of an organ (or the contents of an organ) from a patient
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exenteration
surgical removal of the organs within a body cavity (as those of the pelvis)
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eye operation, eye surgery
any surgical procedure involving the eyes
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fenestration
surgical procedure that creates a new fenestra to the cochlea in order to restore hearing lost because of osteosclerosis
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gastrectomy
surgical removal of all or part of the stomach
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gastroenterostomy
surgical creation of an opening between the stomach wall and the small intestines; performed when the normal opening has been eliminated
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gastrostomy
surgical creation of an opening through the abdominal wall into the stomach (as for gastrogavage)
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heart surgery
any surgical procedure involving the heart
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haemorrhoidectomy, hemorrhoidectomy
surgical procedure for tying hemorrhoids and excising them
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hysterotomy
surgical incision into the uterus (as in cesarean section)
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implantation
a surgical procedure that places something in the human body
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intestinal bypass
surgical operation that shortens the small intestine; used in treating obesity
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jejunostomy
surgical creation of an opening between the jejunum and the anterior abdominal wall; will allow artificial feeding
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major surgery
any surgical procedure that involves anesthesia or respiratory assistance
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microsurgery
surgery using operating microscopes and miniaturized precision instruments to perform intricate procedures on very small structures
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minor surgery
any surgical procedure that does not involve anesthesia or respiratory assistance
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myotomy
surgical incision or division of a muscle
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myringectomy
surgical removal of the eardrum
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myringoplasty
surgical repair of a perforated eardrum with a tissue graft
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myringotomy
surgical incision into the eardrum (to relieve pressure or release pus from the middle ear)
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neurosurgery
any surgery that involves the nervous system (brain or spinal cord or peripheral nerves)
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orchiopexy
operation to bring an undescended testicle into the scrotum
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osteotomy
surgical sectioning of bone
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ostomy
surgical procedure that creates an artificial opening for the elimination of bodily wastes
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PPP, UPPP, palatopharyngoplasty, uvulopalatopharyngoplasty
surgical resection of unnecessary palatal and oropharyngeal tissue to open the airway; intended to cure extreme cases of snoring (with or without sleep apnea)
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phlebectomy
surgical removal or all or part of a vein; sometimes done in cases of severe varicose veins
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photocoagulation
surgical procedure that uses an intense laser beam to destroy diseased retinal tissue or to make a scar that will hold the retina in cases of detached retina
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anaplasty, plastic surgery, reconstructive surgery
surgery concerned with therapeutic or cosmetic reformation of tissue
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polypectomy
surgical removal of a polyp
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resection
surgical removal of part of a structure or organ
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rhinotomy
surgical procedure in which an incision is made in the nose to drain accumulated pus
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rhizotomy
surgical procedure in which spinal nerve roots are cut; done (anterior roots) to relieve intractable pain or (posterior roots) to stop severe muscle spasms
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sex-change operation, transsexual surgery
surgical procedures and hormonal treatments designed to alter a person's sexual characteristics so that the resemble those of the opposite sex
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Shirodkar's operation, purse-string operation
a surgical procedure in which a suture is used to close the cervix in a pregnant woman; is performed when the cervix has failed to retain previous pregnancies
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sterilisation, sterilization
the act of making an organism barren or infertile (unable to reproduce)
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strabotomy
the surgical operation of cutting a muscle or tendon of the eye in order to correct strabismus
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taxis
the surgical procedure of manually restoring a displaced body part
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tracheostomy, tracheotomy
a surgical operation that creates an opening into the trachea with a tube inserted to provide a passage for air; performed when the pharynx is obstructed by edema or cancer or other causes
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organ transplant, transplant, transplantation
an operation moving an organ from one organism (the donor) to another (the recipient)
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trephination
an operation that removes a circular section of bone from the skull
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tympanoplasty
surgical correction or repair of defects or injuries in the eardrum or the bones of the middle ear
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uranoplasty
surgical correction of a defect of the palate
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vasovasostomy
a surgical procedure that attempts to restore the function of the vas deferens after a vasectomy
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vivisection
the act of operating on living animals (especially in scientific research)
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abdominoplasty, tummy tuck
cosmetic surgery of the abdomen to remove wrinkles and tighten the skin over the stomach
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adenoidectomy
surgical removal of the adenoids; commonly performed along with tonsillectomy
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adrenalectomy, suprarenalectomy
surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands
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appendectomy, appendicectomy
surgical removal of the vermiform appendix
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arthrodesis
the surgical fixation of a joint which is intended to result in bone fusion
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autoplasty
surgical repair by using tissue from another part of the patient's own body
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psychosurgery
brain surgery on human patients intended to relieve severe and otherwise intractable mental or behavioral problems
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split-brain technique
brain surgery on animals in which the corpus callosum (and sometimes the optic chiasm) is severed so that communication between the cerebral hemispheres is interrupted
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colostomy
a surgical operation that creates an opening from the colon to the surface of the body to function as an anus
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cholecystectomy
surgical removal of the gall bladder (usually for relief of gallstone pain)
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clitoridectomy, female circumcision
excision of the clitoris
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suction curettage, vacuum aspiration
a method of induced abortion; prior to the 14th week of gestation the embryo and placenta are removed by applying suction to the dilated cervix
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embolectomy
surgical removal of an embolus (usually from an artery)
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endarterectomy
surgical removal of the inner lining of an artery that is clogged with atherosclerosis
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enervation
surgical removal of a nerve
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cosmetic surgery, face lift, face lifting, facelift, lift, nip and tuck, rhytidectomy, rhytidoplasty
plastic surgery to remove wrinkles and other signs of aging from your face; an incision is made near the hair line and skin is pulled back and excess tissue is excised
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closed-heart surgery
heart surgery in which a small incision is made (the chest cavity is not opened)
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open-heart surgery
heart surgery in which the rib cage is spread open, the heart is stopped and blood is detoured through a heart-lung machine while a heart valve or coronary artery is surgically repaired
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hypophysectomy
surgical removal of the pituitary gland
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hysterectomy
surgical removal of the uterus
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cataract surgery
eye surgery that involves removing all or part of the lens and replacing it with an intraocular lens implant
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cyclodestructive surgery
an eye operation that treats glaucoma by destroying the ciliary body with a laser
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filtration surgery
eye surgery that opens a passage allowing excess aqueous humor to drain into surrounding tissues; a treatment for glaucoma
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iridectomy
an eye operation that treats closed-angle glaucoma by surgical removal of part of the iris of the eye
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iridotomy
a surgical procedure that makes an incision in the iris of the eye in order to enlarge the pupil or to treat closed-angle glaucoma
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keratotomy
surgical incision into the cornea
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LASEK, laser-assisted subepithelial keratomileusis
a refractive surgery procedure that reshapes the cornea
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laser trabecular surgery
eye surgery that makes many tiny laser burns in an area that will increase the drainage of aqueous humor
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LASIK, laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis
a refractive surgery procedure that reshapes the cornea
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vitrectomy
a surgical procedure that removes the vitreous humor and replace it with saline solution
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ileostomy
surgical procedure that creates an opening from the ileum through the abdominal wall to function as an anus; performed in cases of cancer of the colon or ulcerative colitis
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corneal graft, corneal transplant, keratoplasty
a surgical procedure in which part or all of a damaged or diseased cornea is replaced by healthy corneal tissue from a donor
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lipectomy, selective lipectomy
plastic surgery involving the breakdown and removal of fatty tissue
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mastopexy
plastic surgery to lift or reshape the breasts
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neuroplasty
plastic surgery of the nerves
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otoplasty
reconstructive surgery of the auricle of the external ear
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laminectomy
surgical removal of the bony arches on one or more vertebrae
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laryngectomy
surgical removal of part or all of the larynx (usually to treat cancer of the larynx)
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lithotomy
surgical removal of a stone (calculus)
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lobectomy
surgical removal of a lobe from any organ of the body (as the lung or brain)
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lumpectomy
surgical removal of a tumor without removing much of the surrounding tissue or lymph nodes; performed in some cases of breast cancer
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robotic telesurgery
microsurgery in which the surgeon performs surgery by manipulating the hands of a robot
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mastectomy
surgical removal of a breast to remove a malignant tumor
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mastoidectomy
surgical removal of some or all of the mastoid process
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meniscectomy
surgical removal of the meniscus of the knee
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nephrectomy
surgical removal of a kidney
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neurectomy
surgical removal of all or part of a nerve
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oophorectomy, ovariectomy
surgical removal of one of both ovaries
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oophorosalpingectomy
surgical removal of one or both ovaries and the corresponding Fallopian tubes
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ophthalmectomy
surgical removal of an eye
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orchidectomy, orchiectomy
surgical removal of one or both testicles
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pancreatectomy
surgical removal of part or all of the pancreas
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pneumonectomy
surgical removal of a lung (usually to treat lung cancer)
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prostatectomy
surgical removal of part or all of the prostate gland
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salpingectomy
surgical removal of one or both Fallopian tubes
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septectomy
surgical removal of all or part of a septum (especially the nasal septum or atrial septum)
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sigmoidectomy
surgical removal of part or all of the sigmoid colon (usually to remove a malignant tumor)
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splenectomy
surgical removal of the spleen
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stapedectomy
surgical removal of the stapes of the middle ear
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sympathectomy
surgical interruption of a nerve pathway in the sympathetic nervous system
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thrombectomy
surgical removal of a blood clot (thrombus) from a blood vessel
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thyroidectomy
surgical removal of the thyroid gland
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tonsillectomy
surgical removal of the palatine tonsils; commonly performed along with adenoidectomy
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phalloplasty
reconstructive surgery on the penis to repair congenital abnormality or injury
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proctoplasty, rectoplasty
reconstructive surgery of the anus or rectum
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altering, fixing, neutering
the sterilization of an animal
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TURP, transurethral resection of the prostate
removal of significant amounts of prostate tissue (as in cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia)
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cryocautery
application of a substance that destroys tissue by freezing it
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thermocautery
cautery (destruction of tissue) by heat
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vasectomy
surgical procedure that removes all or part of the vas deferens (usually as a means of sterilization); is sometimes reversible
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vulvectomy
surgical removal of part or all of the vulva
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surgical contraception
contraception by surgical sterilization
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xenotransplant, xenotransplantation
a surgical procedure in which tissue or whole organs are transfered from one species to another species