- Types:
- show 123 types...
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immunological disorder
a disorder of the immune system
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functional disorder
disorder showing symptoms for which no physiological or anatomical cause can be identified
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organic disorder
disorder caused by a detectable physiological or structural change in an organ
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abocclusion
the condition in which the upper teeth do not touch the lower teeth when biting
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abruptio placentae
a disorder of pregnancy in which the placenta prematurely separates from the wall of the uterus
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achlorhydria
an abnormal deficiency or absence of free hydrochloric acid in the gastric juice; often associated with severe anemias and cancer of the stomach
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acholia, cholestasis
a condition in which little or no bile is secreted or the flow of bile into the digestive tract is obstructed
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achylia, achylia gastrica
absence of gastric juices (partial or complete)
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acute brain disorder, acute organic brain syndrome
any disorder (as sudden confusion or disorientation) in an otherwise normal person that is due to reversible (temporary) impairment of brain tissues (as by head injuries or drugs or infection)
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ailment, complaint, ill
an often persistent bodily disorder or disease; a cause for complaining
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eating disorder
a disorder of the normal eating routine
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bladder disorder
a disorder of the urinary bladder
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cardiovascular disease
a disease of the heart or blood vessels
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celiac disease
a disorder in children and adults; inability to tolerate wheat protein (gluten); symptoms include foul-smelling diarrhea and emaciation; often accompanied by lactose intolerance
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cheilosis, perleche
a disorder of the lips marked by scaling and fissures at the corners of the mouth; caused by a deficiency of riboflavin
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choking
a condition caused by blocking the airways to the lungs (as with food or swelling of the larynx)
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colpoxerosis
a condition in which the vagina is unusually dry
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degenerative disorder
condition leading to progressive loss of function
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dysaphia
a disorder in the sense of touch
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dysosmia, olfactory impairment, parosamia
a disorder in the sense of smell
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dysphagia
condition in which swallowing is difficult or painful
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dysuria
painful or difficult urination
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failure
loss of ability to function normally
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fantods
an ill-defined state of irritability and distress
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adenosis, gland disease, glandular disease, glandular disorder
a disorder of the glands of the body
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hyperactivity
a condition characterized by excessive restlessness and movement
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impacted tooth, impaction
a disorder in which a tooth is so crowded in its socket that it cannot erupt normally
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impaction
a disorder in which feces are impacted in the lower colon
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learning disability, learning disorder
a disorder found in children of normal intelligence who have difficulties in learning specific skills
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malocclusion
(dentistry) a condition in which the opposing teeth do not mesh normally
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idiopathic disease, idiopathic disorder, idiopathy
any disease arising from internal dysfunctions of unknown cause
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disturbance, folie, mental disorder, mental disturbance, psychological disorder
(psychiatry) a psychological disorder of thought or emotion; a more neutral term than mental illness
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metabolic disorder
a disorder or defect of metabolism
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nervous disorder, neurological disease, neurological disorder
a disorder of the nervous system
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hydrocele
disorder in which serous fluid accumulates in a body sac (especially in the scrotum)
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sleep disorder
a disturbance of the normal sleep pattern
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strangulation
the condition of having respiration stopped by compression of the air passage
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haematocolpometra, hematocolpometra
accumulation of blood in the vagina and uterus
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haematocolpos, hematocolpos
accumulation of menstrual blood in the vagina (usually due to an imperforate hymen)
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defect of speech, speech defect, speech disorder
a disorder of oral speech
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psilosis, sprue, tropical sprue
a chronic disorder that occurs in tropical and non-tropical forms and in both children and adults; nutrients are not absorbed; symptoms include foul-smelling diarrhea and emaciation
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immunodeficiency
immunological disorder in which some part of the body's immune system is inadequate and resistance to infectious diseases is reduced
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immunosuppression
lowering the body's normal immune response to invasion by foreign substances; can be deliberate (as in lowering the immune response to prevent rejection of a transplanted organ) or incidental (as a side effect of radiotherapy or chemotherapy for cancer)
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hypersomnia
an inability to stay awake
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insomnia
an inability to sleep; chronic sleeplessness
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pavor nocturnus, sleep terror disorder
a disorder of sleep characterized by a dream of terrifying dimensions far worse than a typical nightmare; they occur during NREM sleep
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anorexia
a prolonged disorder of eating due to loss of appetite
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pica
an eating disorder, frequent in children, in which non-nutritional objects are eaten persistently
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binge-purge syndrome, binge-vomit syndrome, bulima nervosa, bulimarexia
a disorder of eating in which the person alternates between strong craving for food and aversion to food; characterized by excessive eating followed by periods of fasting or self-induced vomiting
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binge-eating syndrome, bulimia
a disorder of eating seen among young women who go on eating binges and then feel guilt and depression and self-condemnation
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demyelination
loss of the myelin covering of some nerve fibers resulting in their impaired function
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dystrophy
any degenerative disorder resulting from inadequate or faulty nutrition
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overbite
(dentistry) malocclusion in which the upper teeth extend abnormally far over the lower teeth
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hyperparathyroidism
excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone resulting in abnormally high levels of calcium in the blood; can affect many systems of the body (especially causing bone resorption and osteoporosis)
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hypoparathyroidism
inadequate secretion of parathyroid hormone resulting in abnormally low levels of calcium in the blood
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hyperpituitarism
excessive activity of the pituitary gland (especially overactivity of the anterior lobe which leads to excess secretion of growth hormone)
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Asperger's syndrome
a psychiatric disorder usually noted during early school years; characterized by impaired social relations and by repetitive patterns of behavior
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alcaptonuria, alkaptonuria
a rare recessive metabolic anomaly marked by ochronosis and the presence of alkapton in the urine
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brain damage
injury to the brain that impairs its functions (especially permanently); can be caused by trauma to the head, infection, hemorrhage, inadequate oxygen, genetic abnormality, etc.
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brain disease, brain disorder, encephalopathy
any disorder or disease of the brain
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ataxia, ataxy, dyssynergia, motor ataxia
inability to coordinate voluntary muscle movements; unsteady movements and staggering gait
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atopognosia, atopognosis
absence or loss of topognosia; inability to locate correctly a point of touch
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dyskinesia
abnormality in performing voluntary muscle movements
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MS, disseminated multiple sclerosis, disseminated sclerosis, multiple sclerosis
a chronic progressive nervous disorder involving loss of myelin sheath around certain nerve fibers
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Parkinson's, Parkinson's disease, Parkinson's syndrome, Parkinsonism, paralysis agitans, shaking palsy
a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system characterized by tremor and impaired muscular coordination
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chorea
any of several degenerative nervous disorders characterized by spasmodic movements of the body and limbs
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flaccid paralysis
weakness or loss of muscle tone resulting from injury or disease of the nerves innervating the muscles
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dyscalculia
impaired ability to learn grade-appropriate mathematics
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dysgraphia
impaired ability to learn to write
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dyslexia
impaired ability to learn to read
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anarthria
partial or total loss of articulate speech resulting from lesions of the central nervous system
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cardiopathy, heart disease
a disease of the heart
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high blood pressure, hypertension
a common disorder in which blood pressure remains abnormally high (a reading of 140/90 mm Hg or greater)
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hypotension
abnormally low blood pressure
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ALS, Lou Gehrig's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
thickening of tissue in the motor tracts of the lateral columns and anterior horns of the spinal cord; results in progressive muscle atrophy that starts in the limbs
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aneurism, aneurysm
a cardiovascular disease characterized by a saclike widening of an artery resulting from weakening of the artery wall
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athetosis
a continuous succession of slow, writhing, involuntary movements of the hands and feet and other body parts
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kuru
a progressive disease of the central nervous system marked by increasing lack of coordination and advancing to paralysis and death within a year of the appearance of symptoms; thought to have been transmitted by cannibalistic consumption of diseased brain tissue since the disease virtually disappeared when cannibalism was abandoned
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nerve compression
harmful pressure on a nerve (especially in nerves that pass over rigid prominences); causes nerve damage and muscle weakness
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circulatory failure
failure of the cardiovascular system to supply adequate amounts of blood to body tissues
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coronary failure, heart failure
inability of the heart to pump enough blood to sustain normal bodily functions
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kidney failure, renal failure
inability of the kidneys to excrete wastes and to help maintain the electrolyte balance
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Addison's disease, Addison's syndrome, hypoadrenalism, hypoadrenocorticism
a glandular disorder caused by failure of function of the cortex of the adrenal gland and marked by anemia and prostration with brownish skin
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adenopathy
a glandular disease or enlargement of glandular tissue (especially of the lymph glands)
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aldosteronism, hyperaldosteronism
a condition caused by overproduction of aldosterone
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Cushing's disease, hyperadrenalism
a glandular disorder caused by excessive ACTH resulting in greater than normal functioning of the adrenal gland; characterized by obesity
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Cushing's syndrome, hyperadrenocorticism
a glandular disorder caused by excessive cortisol
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hyperthyroidism, thyrotoxicosis
an overactive thyroid gland; pathologically excessive production of thyroid hormones or the condition resulting from excessive production of thyroid hormones
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hypothyroidism
an underactive thyroid gland; a glandular disorder resulting from insufficient production of thyroid hormones
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anergy
reduction or lack of an immune response to a specific antigen
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inborn error of metabolism
any of a number of diseases in which an inherited defect (usually a missing or inadequate enzyme) results in an abnormality of metabolism
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lipidosis
a disorder of lipid metabolism; abnormal levels of certain fats accumulate in the body
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lysine intolerance
a disorder in which a lack of certain enzymes makes it impossible to digest the amino acid lysine
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pip
a minor nonspecific ailment
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kinetosis, motion sickness
the state of being dizzy or nauseated because of the motions that occur while traveling in or on a moving vehicle
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hyperlipoproteinemia
any of various disorders of lipoprotein and cholesterol metabolism that result in high levels of lipoprotein and cholesterol in the circulating blood
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hypolipoproteinemia
any of various disorders of lipoprotein and cholesterol metabolism that result in low levels of lipoprotein and cholesterol in the circulating blood
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sleep apnea
apnea that occurs during sleep
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anxiety disorder
a cover term for a variety of mental disorders in which severe anxiety is a salient symptom
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psychosomatic disorder
a mental disorder that causes somatic symptoms
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aberration
a disorder in one's mental state
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conversion disorder, conversion hysteria, conversion reaction
a mental disorder characterized by the conversion of mental conflict into somatic forms (into paralysis or anesthesia having no apparent cause)
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delirium
a usually brief state of excitement and mental confusion often accompanied by hallucinations
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delusional disorder
any mental disorder in which delusions play a significant role
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encopresis
involuntary defecation not attributable to physical defects or illness
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folie a deux
the simultaneous occurrence of symptoms of a mental disorder (as delusions) in two persons who are closely related (as siblings or man and wife)
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personality disorder
inflexible and maladaptive patterns of behavior
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affective disorder, emotional disorder, emotional disturbance, major affective disorder
any mental disorder not caused by detectable organic abnormalities of the brain and in which a major disturbance of emotions is predominant
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schizothymia
resembling schizophrenia but remaining within the bounds of normality
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neurosis, neuroticism, psychoneurosis
a mental or personality disturbance not attributable to any known neurological or organic dysfunction
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aphonia, voicelessness
a disorder of the vocal organs that results in the loss of voice
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flaccid bladder
a urinary bladder disorder resulting from interruption of the reflex arc normally associated with voiding urine; absence of bladder sensation and over-filling of the bladder and inability to urinate voluntarily
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neurogenic bladder
a urinary bladder disorder caused by a lesion in the nervous system
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spastic bladder
a urinary bladder disorder resulting from spinal cord lesion or multiple sclerosis or trauma; absence of bladder sensation and incontinence and interrupted voiding of urine
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cataphasia
a speech disorder in which the same word is repeated several times in succession
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dysarthria
impaired articulatory ability resulting from defects in the peripheral motor nerves or in the speech musculature
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dyslogia
impaired ability to express ideas verbally; usually resulting from difficulties of reasoning (as in feeblemindedness or certain psychoses)
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dysphonia
speech disorder attributable to a disorder of phonation
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lallation
defective articulation of the `l' phoneme or the phoneme `r' is pronounced as `l'
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lambdacism
speech defect involving excessive use or unusual pronunciation of the phoneme `l'
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lisp
a speech defect that involves pronouncing `s' like voiceless `th' and `z' like voiced `th'
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stammer, stutter
a speech disorder involving hesitations and involuntary repetitions of certain sounds
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dissociative disorder
dissociation so severe that the usually integrated functions of consciousness and perception of self break down