Japanese Garden

/stάɪlɑɪz/【動詞】 【他動詞】
〈表現・手法を〉ある様式に一致させる，様式化する; 型にはめる.
・The symbol stylizes a snake. この記号はヘビを意匠化したものだ.
"Japanese gardens were developed under the influences of the distinctive and stylized Chinese gardens."

/priːmédətèɪt/【動詞】 【他動詞】
〈…を〉前もって熟慮[工夫，計画]する.1前もってまたは事前に考えるか反射する(think or reflect beforehand or in advance)Ex. I rarely premeditate, which is a mistake.
"A premeditated path takes observers through each unique area of a Japanese garden."

/ὰɚbəríːṭəm｜ὰː‐/
植物園; アーボレータム.樹木や低木が展示用に栽培されたところ(a facility where trees and shrubs are cultivated for exhibition)

3行のエピグラムのような日本の詩の形式(an epigrammatic Japanese verse form of three short lines)
An example of the poems written includes:
Chiimei’s haiku about a tea ceremony hut and garden: “I laid a foundation and roughly thatched roof...

シダ、ヤシ、ソテツの複葉(compound leaf of a fern or palm or cycad).
"Along the east wall I have spread long fern fronds and mats of straw, which serve as my bed for the night."

漆
"Red lacquered arched bridges are Chinese in origin and seldom seen in Japan, but are often placed in Japanese-style gardens in other countries."

習字; 書道; beautiful handwriting. "In Japanese culture, garden-making is a high art, intimately related to the linked arts of calligraphy and ink painting."

景色;景観;風景. "Landscape gardener Seyemon Kusumoto wrote that the Japanese generate "the best of nature's handiwork in a limited space.""

〈言葉・態度などを〉洗練する，上品[優美]にする.>>〈…を〉精製する，精練する. "The tradition of the Tea masters has produced highly refined Japanese gardens of quite another style, evoking rural simplicity."

癖;型にはまって新鮮味がない;マンネリズム. "Robbed of its local garb (特有の衣装・外観) and mannerisms, the Japanese method reveals aesthetic principles applicable to the gardens of any country, teaching, as it does, how to convert into a poem or...

/άɚkətὰɪp｜άː‐/原型; アーキタイプ;exemplar; prototype. "In addition to residential architecture, depending on the archetype, Japanese gardens often contain several of these elements:　water, real or symbolic."

/esθéṭɪk｜iːs‐/ (特に，芸術の)美の; 審美的な/美的感覚のある/美学の.
aesthetic feeling=美的な感覚;aesthetic values=美的価値
"Iki" is a Japanese aesthetic sense (aesthetic concept).いき（粋）とは、日本の美意識（美的観念）のひとつである。

1a景色の，風景の.scenic wallpaper=景色を描いた壁紙; scenic beauty=風景の美, 景勝.
b眺めのよい，風光明媚(めいび)な.a scenic highway=景勝に富んだ幹線道路; a scenic route=観光ルート;a scenic spot=景勝の地.
2舞台(上)の; (舞台)背景の.scenic effects=舞台効果.

落葉性の.（植物や低木について）生育期の終わりに葉を落とす.((of plants and shrubs) shedding foliage at the end of the growing season) "In addition, bamboos and related plants, evergreens including Japanese black pine, and such deciduous trees as maples grow above a carpet of..

手本，模範. "The 17th-century Katsura garden in Kyoto is a famous exemplar."

まねる;ふりをする;擬態する。
"However, there is raked (熊手でかく) gravel or sand that simulates the feeling of water."

宝塔; パゴダ; 塔; 仏塔

"Twenty stone lanterns and multi-storied pagodas in Monte Palac"

"This is accomplished by utilizing shrubs to block views of surrounding buildings, and the garden's structure usually tries to make onlookers focus on nearby mountains in the distance (Japanese Lifestyle)."

"Also, tea ceremonies were partly designed to teach participants how to gain absolute control over body and mind."

シダ;シダ類.
"In addition, bamboos and related plants, evergreens including Japanese black pine, and such deciduous trees as maples grow above a carpet of ferns and mosses."

a〈料理の〉つけ合わせにする. b.〈ものを〉〔…で〕飾る 〔with〕. Ex)garnish a coat with fur.
"The rocks or gravel used are chosen for their artistic shapes, and mosses as well as small shrubs are used to further garnish the Karesansui style (Japanese Lifestyle)."

(戸・ふた・二枚貝などの)ちようつがい. Ex) A door swings on hinges. ドアはちょうつがいで動く.
"I fastened hinges to the joints of the beams (梁), the easier to move elsewhere should anything displease me."

"Some plants, such as sugar maple and firebush, give the garden a broader palette of seasonal color."

"This view from the Symbolic Mountain in the gardens in Cowra, Australia shows many of the typical elements of a Japanese garden."

"Stones are used to construct the garden's paths, bridges, and walkways."

"The Huntington (San Marino, California) Kubota Garden in Seattle features these contrasting bridge types -- both illustrative of a Japanese garden themes."

1〈草木が〉繁茂する. 2〈商売・事業などが〉繁盛する，盛大[隆盛]である."Zen beliefs were also flourishing at this time and had great influences over garden techniques and purposes."

"The Huntington (San Marino, California) Kubota Garden in Seattle features these contrasting bridge types -- both illustrative of a Japanese garden themes."

1温室.2音楽[美術，芸術]学校.

"Many plants in imitated Japanese gardens of the West are indigenous to Japan, though some sacrifices must be made to account for the differentiating climates."

"Tsukiyama Gardens often copy famous landscapes from China or Japan, and they commonly strive to make a smaller garden appear more spacious."

"In addition to residential architecture, depending on the archetype, Japanese gardens often contain several of these elements: Water, real or symbolic."

(ある土地・国に)土着の，原産の.〈動植物が〉〔その土地に〕固有で. "Many plants in imitated Japanese gardens of the West are indigenous to Japan, though some sacrifices must be made to account for the differentiating climates."

"The tradition of the Tea masters has produced highly refined Japanese gardens of quite another style, evoking rural simplicity."

2a〈隠されていたものを〉見せる，あらわにする，示す.
"This type of design is known as the Japanese landscape principle of "hide and reveal"."

傑作，名作，代表作.
"These two gardens, administered by Imperial Household Agency, are also considered to be great masterpieces."

"Red lacquered arched bridges are Chinese in origin and seldom seen in Japan, but are often placed in Japanese-style gardens in other countries."

"the typical elements of a Japanese garden"

入り組んだ, 複雑な, 〈複雑な〉・込み入った, 錯綜した, 手の込んだ, 〈込み入った〉・繁雑な.
"After the Muromachi Period, Japanese tea ceremonies became an intricate part of Japanese culture."

"Many poems were inspired and written about the different Japanese Gardens."

a生き返る，よみがえる b〈元気が〉回復する
"When the observer looks up, they will see an eye-catching ornamentation (装飾) which is intended to enlighten and revive the spirit of the observer."

"There is usually a tea house where the ceremonies occur, and the styles of both the hut and garden are based on the simple concepts of the sado."

(宗教的・精神修養の)瞑想
Ex) Zendo (meditation hall)禅堂; deep in meditation瞑想にふけって

1〈海・風景など〉静かな，穏やかな，平穏な.
Ex) the tranquil waters of a pond 池の穏やかな水面
2〈心など〉平静な，落ち着いた.
Ex) a tranquil life [mind] 平穏な生活[心].
"quiet and tranquil"=静かで穏やかな
"tranquil silence"=穏やかな静寂

a神聖な場所，聖所 《教会・神殿・神社・寺院など》.b(逃げ込めば法律の力が及ばなかった中世の教会などの)聖域，避難所
"Though often thought of as tranquil sanctuaries"

〈人に〉〔ある感情・思想を〕起こさせる
"Many poems were inspired and written about the different Japanese Gardens."

〈…を〉〔…に〕変える，転換する;
類語[change, changeover, conversion, diversion, interconversion, shift, switch, switching, transform, transformation]
"how to convert something into a poem"

1〈天候など〉晴朗な，うららかな，のどかな.2〈人・心・生活など〉落ち着いた，安らかな，平和な.
"Man-made streams are built with curves and irregularities to create a serene and natural appearance."

（ここでは）抜粋，引用章句. "Above the sliding door that faces north I have built a little shelf on which I keep three or four black leather baskets that contain books of poetry and music and extracts from the sacred writings."

抽象的な; 観念的な.
"All in all, the rocks and moss are used to represent ponds, islands, boats, seas, rivers, and mountains in an abstract way."

"In 1937 he exhibited a rock garden at the Chelsea Flower Show, and worked on the Burngreave Estate at Bognor Regis, and also on a Japanese garden at Cottered in Hertfordshire."

"The rocks or gravel used are chosen for their artistic shapes, and mosses as well as small shrubs are used to further garnish (装飾する) the Karesansui style."

"Kaiyu-shiki or Strolling Gardens require the observer to walk through the garden to fully appreciate it."

"Japanese traditions prefer subtle green tones, but flowering trees and shrubs are also used."

徳，美徳，徳行，善行 "Culturally, the Japanese followed the five Confucian virtues (loyalty, righteousness, politeness, wisdom, and trust)."

マツ(の木).
"In addition, bamboos and related plants, evergreens including Japanese black pine, and such deciduous trees as maples grow above a carpet of ferns and mosses."

[しばしば複数形で] 荒れ跡，旧跡，廃墟
Ruins of these types of gardens can be found in Fujiwara and Heijyo castle towns.

An example of the poems written includes:
"Chiimei’s haiku about a tea ceremony hut and garden: “I laid a foundation and roughly thatched roof."

"On the west I have built a shelf for holy water, and inside the hut, along the west wall, I have installed an image of Amida."

(通例一人が所有し邸宅のある広大な)地所. "In 1937 he exhibited a rock garden at the Chelsea Flower Show, and worked on the Burngreave Estate at Bognor Regis, and also on a Japanese garden at Cottered in Hertfordshire."

神聖な.
"Above the sliding door that faces north I have built a little shelf on which I keep three or four black leather baskets that contain books of poetry and music and extracts from the sacred writings."