types:
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absolute value, numerical value
a real number regardless of its sign
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acid value
(chemistry) the amount of free acid present in fat as measured by the milligrams of potassium hydroxide needed to neutralize it
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chlorinity
a measure of the quantity of chlorine or other halides in water (especially seawater)
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number
a concept of quantity involving zero and units
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quire
a quantity of paper; 24 or 25 sheets
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ream
a quantity of paper; 480 or 500 sheets; one ream equals 20 quires
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solubility
the quantity of a particular substance that can dissolve in a particular solvent (yielding a saturated solution)
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toxicity
the degree to which something is poisonous
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unit, unit of measurement
any division of quantity accepted as a standard of measurement or exchange
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arity
the number of arguments that a function can take
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co-ordinate, coordinate
a number that identifies a position relative to an axis
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folio, page number, pagination, paging
the system of numbering pages
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cytotoxicity
the degree to which something is toxic to living cells
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measuring block, measuring unit
a unit of measurement
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denier
a unit of measurement for the fineness of silk or nylon or rayon
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diopter, dioptre
a unit of measurement of the refractive power of a lens which is equal to the reciprocal of the focal length measured in meters; used by oculists
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carat, karat, kt
the unit of measurement for the proportion of gold in an alloy; 18-karat gold is 75% gold; 24-karat gold is pure gold
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decimal
a number in the decimal system
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constant
a number representing a quantity assumed to have a fixed value in a specified mathematical context
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oxidation number, oxidation state
the degree of oxidation of an atom or ion or molecule; for simple atoms or ions the oxidation number is equal to the ionic charge
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cardinality
(mathematics) the number of elements in a set or group (considered as a property of that grouping)
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count
the total number counted
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factor
any of the numbers (or symbols) that form a product when multiplied together
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Fibonacci number
a number in the Fibonacci sequence
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prime, prime quantity
a number that has no factor but itself and 1
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composite number
an integer that is divisible without remainder by at least one positive integer other than itself and one
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score
a number that expresses the accomplishment of a team or an individual in a game or contest
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record
the number of wins versus losses and ties a team has had
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compound number
a quantity expressed in two different units
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no., ordinal, ordinal number
the number designating place in an ordered sequence
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cardinal, cardinal number
the number of elements in a mathematical set; denotes a quantity but not the order
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base, radix
(numeration system) the positive integer that is equivalent to one in the next higher counting place
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floating-point number
a number represented in floating-point notation
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fixed-point number
a number represented in fixed-point notation
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atomic number
the order of an element in Mendeleyev's table of the elements; equal to the number of protons in the nucleus or electrons in the neutral state of an atom of an element
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baryon number
a number equal to the difference between the number of baryons and the number of antibaryons in any subatomic structure; it is conserved in all types of particle interactions
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quota
a prescribed number
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absorption unit
a unit for measuring absorption
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acceleration unit
a unit for measuring acceleration
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angular unit
a unit of measurement for angles
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area unit, square measure
a system of units used to measure areas
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capacity measure, capacity unit, cubage unit, cubature unit, cubic content unit, cubic measure, displacement unit, volume unit
a unit of measurement of volume or capacity
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computer memory unit
a unit for measuring computer memory
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electromagnetic unit, emu
any of various systems of units for measuring electricity and magnetism
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explosive unit
any unit for measuring the force of explosions
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force unit
a unit of measurement of physical force
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linear measure, linear unit
a unit of measurement of length
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metric, metric unit
a decimal unit of measurement of the metric system (based on meters and kilograms and seconds)
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miles per gallon
the distance traveled in a vehicle powered by one gallon of gasoline or diesel fuel
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monetary unit
a unit of money
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MFLOP, megaflop, million floating point operations per second
(computer science) a unit for measuring the speed of a computer system
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teraflop, trillion floating point operations per second
(computer science) a unit for measuring the speed of a computer system
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MIPS, million instructions per second
(computer science) a unit for measuring the execution speed of a computer's CPU (but not the whole system)
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pain unit
a unit measuring the intensity of pain
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pressure unit
a unit measuring force per unit area
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printing unit
a unit of measurement for printing
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sound unit
any acoustic unit of measurement
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telephone unit
a unit of measurement for telephone use
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temperature unit
a unit of measurement for temperature
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weight, weight unit
a unit used to measure weight
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mass unit
a unit of measurement for mass
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unit of viscosity
a unit of measurement for viscosity
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energy unit, heat unit, work unit
a unit of measurement for work
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langley
unit of solar radiation
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Brinell number
measure of the hardness of a material
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point
the unit of counting in scoring a game or contest
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bit
a unit of measurement of information (from binary + digit); the amount of information in a system having two equiprobable states
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electrostatic unit
any of various units of electricity based on forces of interaction between electric charges
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linage, lineage
the number of lines in a piece of printed material
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natural number
the number 1 and any other number obtained by adding 1 to it repeatedly
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integer, whole number
any of the natural numbers (positive or negative) or zero
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addend
a number that is added to another number (the augend)
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augend
a number to which another number (the addend) is added
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minuend
the number from which the subtrahend is subtracted
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subtrahend
the number to be subtracted from the minuend
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difference, remainder
the number that remains after subtraction; the number that when added to the subtrahend gives the minuend
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complex number, complex quantity, imaginary, imaginary number
(mathematics) a number of the form a+bi where a and b are real numbers and i is the square root of -1
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modulus
the absolute value of a complex number
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second power, square
the product of two equal terms
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cube, third power
the product of three equal terms
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biquadrate, biquadratic, fourth power, quartic
an algebraic equation of the fourth degree
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root
a number that, when multiplied by itself some number of times, equals a given number
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dividend
a number to be divided by another number
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divisor
the number by which a dividend is divided
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quotient
the number obtained by division
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remainder
the part of the dividend that is left over when the dividend is not evenly divisible by the divisor
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multiplier, multiplier factor
the number by which a multiplicand is multiplied
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multiplicand
the number that is multiplied by the multiplier