Berkowska and Dalla Bella, 2009

Martha D.
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words only definitions & notes
  1. sensorimotor
    of or relating to the sensory and motor coordination of an organism or to the controlling nerves
    Such diversity of impairments in poor singers can be traced to different faulty mechanisms within the vocal sensorimotor loop, such as pitch perception and sensorimotor integration.
  2. phenotype
    observable characteristics produced by genes and environment
    A variety of poor-singing “phenotypes” are described, with or without concurrent perceptual deficits. addition, particular attention is paid to the dis¬sociations between specific abilities in poor singers (e.g., production of absolute vs. relative pitch, pitch vs. time accuracy).
  3. neuronal
    of or relating to neurons
    Here we characterize proficient singing in the general population and identify its neuronal underpinnings by reviewing behavioral and neuroim¬aging studies.
  4. perceptual
    of or relating to the act of perceiving
    A variety of poor-singing “phenotypes” are described, with or without concurrent perceptual deficits. addition, particular attention is paid to the dis¬sociations between specific abilities in poor singers (e.g., production of absolute vs. relative pitch, pitch vs. time accuracy).
  5. monolithic
    imposing in size or bulk or solidity
    Different lines of evidence converge in indicating that poor singing is not a monolithic deficit.
  6. impairment
    a reduction in quality or strength
    Such diversity of impairments in poor singers can be traced to different faulty mechanisms within the vocal sensorimotor loop, such as pitch perception and sensorimotor integration.
  7. behavioral
    of or relating to behavior
    Here we characterize proficient singing in the general population and identify its neuronal underpinnings by reviewing behavioral and neuroim¬aging studies.
  8. concurrent
    occurring or operating at the same time
    A variety of poor-singing “phenotypes” are described, with or without concurrent perceptual deficits. addition, particular attention is paid to the dis¬sociations between specific abilities in poor singers (e.g., production of absolute vs. relative pitch, pitch vs. time accuracy).
  9. converge
    be adjacent or come together
    Different lines of evidence converge in indicating that poor singing is not a monolithic deficit.
  10. congenital
    present at birth but not necessarily hereditary
    In addition, poor singing resulting from a brain injury or neurogenetic disorder (i.e., tone deafness or congenital amusia) is examined.
  11. proficient
    having or showing knowledge and skill and aptitude
    Here we characterize proficient singing in the general population and identify its neuronal underpinnings by reviewing behavioral and neuroim¬aging studies.
  12. tempo
    the speed at which a composition is to be played
    Most occasional singers can sing in tune and in time, provided that they perform at a slow tempo.
  13. integration
    the act of combining into a whole
    Such diversity of impairments in poor singers can be traced to different faulty mechanisms within the vocal sensorimotor loop, such as pitch perception and sensorimotor integration.
  14. layman
    someone who is not a clergyman or a professional person
    Yet, this widespread idea un¬derestimates the singing abilities of the layman.
  15. aging
    the organic process of growing older
    Here we characterize proficient singing in the general population and identify its neuronal underpinnings by reviewing behavioral and neuroim¬aging studies.
  16. diversity
    noticeable variety
    Such diversity of impairments in poor singers can be traced to different faulty mechanisms within the vocal sensorimotor loop, such as pitch perception and sensorimotor integration.
  17. tune
    a succession of notes forming a distinctive sequence
    Many believe that the majority of people are unable to carry a tune.
  18. vocal
    music intended to be performed by one or more singers, usually with instrumental accompaniment
    Such diversity of impairments in poor singers can be traced to different faulty mechanisms within the vocal sensorimotor loop, such as pitch perception and sensorimotor integration.
  19. mechanism
    device consisting of a piece of machinery
    Such diversity of impairments in poor singers can be traced to different faulty mechanisms within the vocal sensorimotor loop, such as pitch perception and sensorimotor integration.
  20. widespread
    widely circulated or diffused
    Yet, this widespread idea un¬derestimates the singing abilities of the layman.
  21. examine
    observe, check out, and look over carefully or inspect
    In addition, poor singing resulting from a brain injury or neurogenetic disorder (i.e., tone deafness or congenital amusia) is examined.
  22. injury
    physical damage to the body caused by violence or accident
    In addition, poor singing resulting from a brain injury or neurogenetic disorder (i.e., tone deafness or congenital amusia) is examined.
  23. absolute
    perfect or complete or pure
    A variety of poor-singing “phenotypes” are described, with or without concurrent perceptual deficits. addition, particular attention is paid to the dis¬sociations between specific abilities in poor singers (e.g., production of absolute vs. relative pitch, pitch vs. time accuracy).
  24. provide
    give something useful or necessary to
    Most occasional singers can sing in tune and in time, provided that they perform at a slow tempo.
  25. majority
    the main part
    Many believe that the majority of people are unable to carry a tune.
  26. trace
    an indication that something has been present
    Such diversity of impairments in poor singers can be traced to different faulty mechanisms within the vocal sensorimotor loop, such as pitch perception and sensorimotor integration.
  27. production
    the act or process of making something
    A variety of poor-singing “phenotypes” are described, with or without concurrent perceptual deficits. addition, particular attention is paid to the dis¬sociations between specific abilities in poor singers (e.g., production of absolute vs. relative pitch, pitch vs. time accuracy).
  28. population
    the people who inhabit a territory or state
    Here we characterize proficient singing in the general population and identify its neuronal underpinnings by reviewing behavioral and neuroim¬aging studies.
  29. evidence
    knowledge on which to base belief
    Different lines of evidence converge in indicating that poor singing is not a monolithic deficit.
  30. particular
    unique or specific to a person or thing or category
    A variety of poor-singing “phenotypes” are described, with or without concurrent perceptual deficits. addition, particular attention is paid to the dis¬sociations between specific abilities in poor singers (e.g., production of absolute vs. relative pitch, pitch vs. time accuracy).
  31. attention
    the act of concentrating on something
    A variety of poor-singing “phenotypes” are described, with or without concurrent perceptual deficits. addition, particular attention is paid to the dis¬sociations between specific abilities in poor singers (e.g., production of absolute vs. relative pitch, pitch vs. time accuracy).
Created on Sat Mar 05 13:52:31 EST 2011

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