TCUSH semster 1 vocabulary 2013

Alycia A.
91 words 17 learners

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Full list of words from this list:

words only definitions & notes
  1. restriction
    an act of limiting
    Some restrictions on gun ownership enjoyed even more support than concealed carry rights.
  2. migration
    the movement of persons from one locality to another
    European governments are also worried about illegal migration.
  3. nativism
    a policy of favoring established inhabitants, not immigrants
    Nativism is still preventing more open immigration policy. Forbes (Nov 13, 2011)
  4. Ellis Island
    an island in New York Bay that was formerly the principal immigration station for the United States
    But for the families flooding into Ellis Island every day, street peddling was often the first step up the ladder of capitalism. New York Times (Feb 28, 2012)
  5. melting pot
    a place where diverse people, cultures, and ideas are mixed
    “They represent what New York City is all about: a truly diverse melting pot.”
  6. environment
    the area in which something exists or lives
    While growing up in a desolate area of New Orleans, Louis never imagined escaping the depressing environment and having a successful pro football career.
  7. urban
    relating to a city or densely populated area
    Both the urban and rural locations are realised through lyrically descriptive writing of the highest quality.
  8. tenement
    a run-down apartment house barely meeting minimal standards
    Just as today, toys and trinkets then were often made by poor children in factories and tenements — but in America itself.
  9. sanitation
    the state of being clean and conducive to health
    Sanitation access in Haiti is the worst in the Western Hemisphere. Seattle Times (Dec 11, 2012)
  10. settlement house
    a center that provides community services to those in need
    A small group of nuns were running a nursery school in the building, which had become a settlement house of sorts. New York Times (Aug 10, 2010)
  11. emergence
    the gradual beginning or coming forth
    Nonetheless, mental health’s emergence as a national issue is potentially a welcome development. Salon (Dec 23, 2012)
  12. corruption
    use of a position of trust for dishonest gain
    The majority of human beings on the planet thus experience themselves as furthering and supporting greed, exploitation, manipulation and corruption. Forbes (Jan 5, 2013)
  13. scandal
    a disgraceful event
    Doping scandals rarely rock college athletics the way they affect professional sports.
  14. reform
    change for the better
    Our reforms are working - crime is falling and public confidence is high.
  15. influence
    a power to affect persons or events
    "It's amazing how these young people influence that older group," said John Fitzpatrick, Corvette's marketing manager. Chicago Tribune (Jan 13, 2013)
  16. patronage
    be a regular customer or client of
    In the 1920s, Liberal prime minister David Lloyd George was involved in a "cash for patronage" scandal.
  17. Booker T. Washington
    United States educator who was born a slave but became educated and founded a college at Tuskegee in Alabama (1856-1915)
    The most widely known work in this field, however, is "Up From Slavery," by Booker T. Washington. Brawley, Benjamin Griffith
  18. W. E. B. Du Bois
    United States civil rights leader and political activist who campaigned for equality for Black Americans (1868-1963)
  19. leisure
    freedom to choose a pastime or enjoyable activity
    But on most days, his leisure activity was limited to riding his motorcycle to campus early in the morning and back home late at night. Nature (Dec 12, 2012)
  20. mass culture
    information and entertainment distributed online, on TV, in movies, etc.
    Emblems of mass culture and everyday life were divvied up rather quickly in the early days of Pop Art. New York Times (Apr 14, 2012)
  21. consumer
    a person who uses goods or services
    Microsoft got their cut on pretty much every consumer computer sold. Forbes (Jan 12, 2013)
  22. origin
    the place where something begins
    As far as birth records and oral history from relatives are concerned, my family’s origins exist nowhere beyond the United States. Slate (Jan 4, 2013)
  23. welfare
    governmental provision of assistance to persons in need
    More Greeks are living at the margins of society, cut off from welfare and facing rising healthcare costs.
  24. moral
    concerned with principles of right and wrong
    The baseball writers have lost any moral high ground with this mistake.
  25. progressive
    favoring or promoting change, often by government action
    At the same time, some younger evangelicals have come to embrace progressive politics.
  26. prohibition
    when the sale of alcoholic beverages was banned in the U.S.
    All Liberty students are expected to live a Christian lifestyle defined by specific behavioral rules, including a prohibition of alcohol consumption on and off campus.
  27. muckraker
    one who spreads real or alleged scandal about another
    “Quincy was a muckraker, like Upton Sinclair, who wrote about injustices. Time (Dec 24, 2012)
  28. initiative
    the first of a series of actions
    The initiative is aimed at curbing teen drinking and drug use.
  29. trend
    the popular taste at a given time
    If online dating sites have accelerated that trend, they are also taking advantage of it.
  30. unrest
    a feeling of restless agitation
    Deep spending cuts and job losses have triggered street unrest across Greece in recent years.
  31. red scare
    a period of general fear of communists
    Unseen toxins were lurking, like Communists during the Red Scare. New York Times (May 20, 2011)
  32. isolationism
    a policy of nonparticipation in international relations
    When Japan attacked Pearl Harbor, the debate ended and isolationism was essentially dead. New York Times (Oct 4, 2010)
  33. communism
    a theory favoring collectivism in a classless society
    "The Soviet Union may have ended but not the dream of democratic communism," he sighed wistfully.
  34. quota
    a prescribed number
    Quotas would give women the helping hand that the men who've been using the old boys' network have been getting for years.
  35. fundamental
    serving as an essential component
    Fundamental advances in scientific understand would also help significantly. Forbes (Jan 11, 2013)
  36. evolve
    undergo development
    “This is an evolving and emerging threat,” he said.
  37. evolution
    sequence of events involved in the development of a species
    Rick Perry, during his brief presidential run, supported teaching evolution and creationism side by side. Slate (Jan 11, 2013)
  38. creationism
    the literal belief in the account of Creation given in the Book of Genesis
    In fact, just last year, the Alabama House of Representatives considered a bill designed to permit the teaching of creationism in schools. Slate (Jan 11, 2013)
  39. Scopes trial
    a highly publicized trial in 1925 when John Thomas Scopes violated a Tennessee state law by teaching evolution in high school; Scopes was prosecuted by William Jennings Bryan and defended by Clarence Darrow; Scopes was convicted but the verdict was later reversed
    He graduated from Cornell University and began acting in New York City in plays like “Inherit the Wind,” the fictionalized account of the Scopes trial.
  40. economy
    the system of production and distribution and consumption
    More recently it has flourished in an economy driven by an oil boom.
  41. industry
    the action of making of goods and services for sale
    In fact, the industry is filled with largely a lot of good people. Salon (Jan 12, 2013)
  42. stock
    a certificate documenting a shareholder's ownership
    Yet Greek stocks more than doubled the return of U.S. stocks last year.
  43. horizon
    the line at which the sky and Earth appear to meet
    Even so, enormous changes are on the horizon for the smartphone.
  44. financial
    involving fiscal matters
    She also likes financial service companies but is avoiding European banks.
  45. distribution
    the commercial activity of transporting and selling goods
    Several aid workers were injured when a riot broke out during food distribution.
  46. speculation
    an investment that is risky but could yield great profits
    Apple rarely addresses rumors about upcoming products, which often spur intense speculation.
  47. prosperity
    the condition of having good fortune
    Ninja innovators are creating jobs, driving growth and putting America back on the path to prosperity. Forbes (Jan 9, 2013)
  48. credit
    money available for a client to borrow
    More cheap loans are becoming available as the banking sector recovers from the turmoil caused by the credit crisis of recent years.
  49. installment plan
    a system for paying for goods by installments
    We were paying for our home on the installment plan. Gooch, Thelma
  50. margin
    the net sales minus the cost of goods and services sold
    "Going back 6 months, no one would've believed it could have such good margins."
  51. superficial
    only concerned with what is apparent or obvious
    Despite their superficial appeal, such proposals face daunting obstacles.
  52. Great Depression
    the economic crisis beginning with the stock market crash in 1929 and continuing through the 1930s
    "To go this far without significant problems after the worst housing crisis since the Great Depression is remarkable," Mr. Griffith said.
  53. hardship
    something difficult to endure
    Ms. Perry has experienced her share of hardship.
  54. devastate
    cause extensive destruction or ruin utterly
    In November, Hurricane Sandy devastated entire communities in coastal New York and New Jersey and killed over 100 people.
  55. rural
    living in or characteristic of farming or country life
    Gun ownership rates are highest in rural areas, where guns are more likely to be used for hunting as well as personal protection.
  56. psychological
    of or relating to the science of mental life
    He is also seeking damages for physical and psychological injuries.
  57. shantytown
    a city district with large numbers of crude dwellings
    Lagos is home to at least 15 million people, many of them living in crowded shantytowns.
  58. dust bowl
    a region subject to dust storms
    Residents of the Great Plains over the last year or so have experienced storms reminiscent of the 1930s Dust Bowl.
  59. direct
    being an immediate result or consequence
    Direct peace talks between Israel and the Palestinians broke down in 2010 over the issue of continued settlement building.
  60. philosophy
    any personal belief about how to live
    The one-time philosophy major has spent more than a decade working in the industry and, like room service, he delivers the goods. Seattle Times (Nov 19, 2012)
  61. cautious
    people who are fearful
    But as a hardened traveller he was cautious.
  62. reassure
    give or restore confidence in
    They said extra police patrols would be out in the city centre over the weekend to reassure members of the public.
  63. Herbert Hoover
    31st President of the United States
    Then again, there's the Republican Herbert Hoover who left office in 1933.
  64. Hoover Dam
    a large dam built in 1933 on the Colorado River in Nevada
    A self-made construction magnate, he understood the brute force of thousands of men pouring millions of yards of concrete, creating huge structures like Hoover Dam. New York Times (Jun 2, 2012)
  65. deficit spending
    paying with money attained through loans
    Let’s also raise the debt ceiling, but only with a commitment to end deficit spending — say, in four years.
  66. critic
    someone who frequently finds fault or makes harsh judgments
    Of course, there are lots of other reasons critics and moviegoers may not like . Slate (Jan 8, 2013)
  67. New Deal
    the economic policy of F. D. Roosevelt
    President Franklin Roosevelt’s New Deal was based on the proposition that government should play a much bigger role to guarantee Americans’ economic security.
  68. Franklin Delano Roosevelt
    32nd President of the United States
    President Franklin Delano Roosevelt's New Deal included programmes that particularly targeted the region.
  69. agriculture
    the class of people engaged in growing food
    On Friday, the Agriculture Department will issue its monthly crop report.
  70. conservation
    careful management of the environment and natural resources
    This year's extreme weather has been "hugely challenging" for wildlife, says conservation charity National Trust.
  71. photojournalism
    the practice of reporting news primarily through pictures
    Her photojournalism also is represented, including an iconic image of the red carpet being withdrawn as Richard Nixon departs the White House. Seattle Times (Sep 23, 2012)
  72. relief
    the act of reducing something unpleasant
    Chris Christie said New Jersey was making progress in recovering from but pressed Congress to deliver much-needed relief funds.
  73. Eleanor Roosevelt
    wife of Franklin Roosevelt and a strong advocate of human rights (1884-1962)
    The sordid goods he collected on John F. Kennedy, Martin Luther King and Eleanor Roosevelt helped keep him in power.
  74. Social Security
    social welfare program in the U.S.
    Senate Democrats, however, have expressed concern about cuts to Social Security.
  75. activist
    a reformer who works to achieve social or political change
    A band of mainly young activists have set up tents and tree houses in Sussex.
  76. civil right
    right belonging to a person by reason of citizenship
    Thirteen people died when soldiers opened fire during a civil rights march.
  77. impact
    a forceful consequence; a strong effect
    Ms Sanderson said there were serious concerns about the impact on wildlife.
  78. FDIC
    a federally sponsored corporation that insures accounts in national banks and other qualified institutions
    Last year’s bank failures cost the FDIC’s deposit insurance fund an estimated $21 billion. Washington Post (Aug 23, 2011)
  79. imperialism
    a policy of extending your rule over foreign countries
    Ministers all over the country were preaching sermons on patriotism and Imperialism. Hocking, Silas K. (Silas Kitto)
  80. alliance
    an organization of people involved in a pact or treaty
    Effective: "Sue has some intriguing ideas for a long-term strategic alliance."
  81. nationalism
    the doctrine that your country's interests are superior
    "America has an exceptionally strong sense of civic nationalism," he says.
  82. militarism
    maintaining a strong force of armed services
    German pacifism after World War II was long tolerated, even welcomed, in a Europe that had suffered from German militarism.
  83. anarchy
    a state of lawlessness and disorder
    But at other times, nonviolent protests are more effective than violent anarchy in persuading the local military to back dissidents. Salon (Dec 17, 2012)
  84. Allies
    in World War I the alliance of Great Britain and France and Russia and all the other nations that became allied with them in opposing the Central Powers
    Now he and his allies have set their sights on having employers provide paid sick leave.
  85. Central Powers
    in World War I the alliance of Germany and Austria-Hungary and other nations allied with them in opposing the Allies
    The Central Powers are immediately and directly responsible for the greatest crime of history, and they will bear the penalty for generations to come. Saroléa, Charles
  86. Selective Service
    an independent federal agency that administers compulsory military service
    Under the old Selective Service System, the military did not have to pay market wages to entice workers to enlist. New York Times (May 8, 2010)
  87. conscientious objector
    one who refuses to serve in the army on moral grounds
    He was granted conscientious objector status in May 2011 after he said his religious beliefs would prevent him fighting in any war.
  88. armistice
    a state of peace agreed to between opponents
    Though the armistice was now close at hand the war had not ended. Broun, Heywood
  89. propaganda
    information that is spread to promote some cause
    Meanwhile, Putin is riding high and seems to be running his own propaganda machine. Forbes (Oct 3, 2012)
  90. espionage
    the systematic use of spies to obtain secrets
    Espionage is carried out by both sides and is traditionally not regarded as an act of war.
  91. sedition
    an illegal action inciting resistance to lawful authority
    There was now sedition in religion as well as in politics. Disraeli, Isaac
Created on Sun Dec 09 17:08:50 EST 2012 (updated Thu Jan 17 12:22:43 EST 2013)

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