types:
protoplasma
the substance of a living cell (including cytoplasm and nucleus)
materia
the tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object
mezcla
(chemistry) a substance consisting of two or more substances mixed together (not in fixed proportions and not with chemical bonding)
átomo
(physics and chemistry) the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element
elemento,
elemento químico
any of the more than 100 known substances (of which 92 occur naturally) that cannot be separated into simpler substances and that singly or in combination constitute all matter
activador
(biology) any agency bringing about activation; a molecule that increases the activity of an enzyme or a protein that increases the production of a gene product in DNA transcription
elemento
one of four substances thought in ancient and medieval cosmology to constitute the physical universe
medio
(biology) a substance in which specimens are preserved or displayed
fluido
a substance that is fluid at room temperature and pressure
esencia
any substance possessing to a high degree the predominant properties of a plant or drug or other natural product from which it is extracted
lastre
any heavy material used to stabilize a ship or airship
lecho
material used to provide a bed for animals
citoplasma
the protoplasm of a cell excluding the nucleus; is full of proteins that control cell metabolism
cromatina
the readily stainable substance of a cell nucleus consisting of DNA and RNA and various proteins; during mitotic division it condenses into chromosomes
madera
the natural outer covering of food (usually removed before eating)
partícula
(nontechnical usage) a tiny piece of anything
aleación
a mixture containing two or more metallic elements or metallic and nonmetallic elements usually fused together or dissolving into each other when molten
coloide
a mixture with properties between those of a solution and fine suspension
solución
a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances; frequently (but not necessarily) a liquid solution
materia prima
material suitable for manufacture or use or finishing
isótopo
one of two or more atoms with the same atomic number but with different numbers of neutrons
mónada
(chemistry) an atom having a valence of one
alótropo
a structurally different form of an element
elemento metálico,
metal
any of several chemical elements that are usually shiny solids that conduct heat or electricity and can be formed into sheets etc.
no metálico
a chemical element lacking typical metallic properties
actinio
a radioactive element of the actinide series; found in uranium ores
argón
a colorless and odorless inert gas; one of the six inert gases; comprises approximately 1% of the earth's atmosphere
arsénico
a very poisonous metallic element that has three allotropic forms; arsenic and arsenic compounds are used as herbicides and insecticides and various alloys; found in arsenopyrite and orpiment and realgar
ástato
a highly unstable radioactive element (the heaviest of the halogen series); a decay product of uranium and thorium
boro
a trivalent metalloid element; occurs both in a hard black crystal and in the form of a yellow or brown powder
bromo
a nonmetallic heavy volatile corrosive dark brown liquid element belonging to the halogens; found in sea water
carbono
an abundant nonmetallic tetravalent element occurring in three allotropic forms: amorphous carbon and graphite and diamond; occurs in all organic compounds
cloro
a common nonmetallic element belonging to the halogens; best known as a heavy yellow irritating toxic gas; used to purify water and as a bleaching agent and disinfectant; occurs naturally only as a salt (as in sea water)
flúor
a nonmetallic univalent element belonging to the halogens; usually a yellow irritating toxic flammable gas; a powerful oxidizing agent; recovered from fluorite or cryolite or fluorapatite
germanio
a brittle grey crystalline element that is a semiconducting metalloid (resembling silicon) used in transistors; occurs in germanite and argyrodite
helio
a very light colorless element that is one of the six inert gasses; the most difficult gas to liquefy; occurs in economically extractable amounts in certain natural gases (as those found in Texas and Kansas)
hidrógeno
a nonmetallic univalent element that is normally a colorless and odorless highly flammable diatomic gas; the simplest and lightest and most abundant element in the universe
yodo
a nonmetallic element belonging to the halogens; used especially in medicine and photography and in dyes; occurs naturally only in combination in small quantities (as in sea water or rocks)
criptón
a colorless element that is one of the six inert gasses; occurs in trace amounts in air
laurencio
a radioactive transuranic element synthesized from californium
mendelevio
a radioactive transuranic element synthesized by bombarding einsteinium with alpha particles (Md is the current symbol for mendelevium but Mv was formerly the symbol)
neón
a colorless odorless gaseous element that give a red glow in a vacuum tube; one of the six inert gasses; occurs in the air in small amounts
nitrógeno
a common nonmetallic element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless inert diatomic gas; constitutes 78 percent of the atmosphere by volume; a constituent of all living tissues
nobelio
a radioactive transuranic element synthesized by bombarding curium with carbon ions; 7 isotopes are known
oxígeno
a nonmetallic bivalent element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless nonflammable diatomic gas; constitutes 21 percent of the atmosphere by volume; the most abundant element in the earth's crust
fósforo
a multivalent nonmetallic element of the nitrogen family that occurs commonly in inorganic phosphate rocks and as organic phosphates in all living cells; is highly reactive and occurs in several allotropic forms
plutonio
a solid silvery grey radioactive transuranic element whose atoms can be split when bombarded with neutrons; found in minute quantities in uranium ores but is usually synthesized in nuclear reactors; 13 isotopes are known with the most important being plutonium 239
radón
a radioactive gaseous element formed by the disintegration of radium; the heaviest of the inert gasses; occurs naturally (especially in areas over granite) and is considered a hazard to health
rutherfordio
a radioactive transuranic element which has been synthesized
selenio
a toxic nonmetallic element related to sulfur and tellurium; occurs in several allotropic forms; a stable grey metallike allotrope conducts electricity better in the light than in the dark and is used in photocells; occurs in sulfide ores (as pyrite)
silicio
a tetravalent nonmetallic element; next to oxygen it is the most abundant element in the earth's crust; occurs in clay and feldspar and granite and quartz and sand; used as a semiconductor in transistors
azufre
an abundant tasteless odorless multivalent nonmetallic element; best known in yellow crystals; occurs in many sulphide and sulphate minerals and even in native form (especially in volcanic regions)
telurio
a brittle silver-white metalloid element that is related to selenium and sulfur; it is used in alloys and as a semiconductor; occurs mainly as tellurides in ores of copper and nickel and silver and gold
xenón
a colorless odorless inert gaseous element occurring in the earth's atmosphere in trace amounts
mineral
solid homogeneous inorganic substances occurring in nature having a definite chemical composition
piedra
material consisting of the aggregate of minerals like those making up the Earth's crust
catalizador
(chemistry) a substance that initiates or accelerates a chemical reaction without itself being affected
abrasivo
a substance that abrades or wears down
conductor
a substance that readily conducts e.g. electricity and heat
líquido refrigerante,
refrigerante
a fluid agent (gas or liquid) that produces cooling; especially one used to cool a system by transferring heat away from one part to another
tierra
the loose soft material that makes up a large part of the land surface
éter
the fifth and highest element after air and earth and fire and water; was believed to be the substance composing all heavenly bodies
emisión
a substance that is emitted or released
residuos
any materials unused and rejected as worthless or unwanted
fibra
a slender and greatly elongated substance capable of being spun into yarn
espuma
a lightweight material in cellular form; made by introducing gas bubbles during manufacture
radical
an atom or group of atoms with at least one unpaired electron; in the body it is usually an oxygen molecule that has lost an electron and will stabilize itself by stealing an electron from a nearby molecule
líquido
a substance that is liquid at room temperature and pressure
oxiacetileno
a mixture of oxygen and acetylene; used to create high temperatures for cutting or welding metals
papel
a material made of cellulose pulp derived mainly from wood or rags or certain grasses
jalea de petróleo
a semisolid mixture of hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum; used in medicinal ointments and for lubrication
plaqueta
tiny bits of protoplasm found in vertebrate blood; essential for blood clotting
elemento traza
an element that occurs at very small quantities in the body but is nonetheless important for many biological processes