types:
lastre
any heavy material used to stabilize a ship or airship
lecho
material used to provide a bed for animals
madera
the natural outer covering of food (usually removed before eating)
partícula
(nontechnical usage) a tiny piece of anything
materia prima
material suitable for manufacture or use or finishing
mineral
solid homogeneous inorganic substances occurring in nature having a definite chemical composition
piedra
material consisting of the aggregate of minerals like those making up the Earth's crust
abrasivo
a substance that abrades or wears down
conductor
a substance that readily conducts e.g. electricity and heat
tierra
the loose soft material that makes up a large part of the land surface
emisión
a substance that is emitted or released
residuos
any materials unused and rejected as worthless or unwanted
fibra
a slender and greatly elongated substance capable of being spun into yarn
espuma
a lightweight material in cellular form; made by introducing gas bubbles during manufacture
papel
a material made of cellulose pulp derived mainly from wood or rags or certain grasses
pluma,
plumaje
the light horny waterproof structure forming the external covering of birds
cerda
a stiff fiber (coarse hair or filament); natural or synthetic
carta
one of a set of small pieces of stiff paper marked in various ways and used for playing games or for telling fortunes
confeti
small pieces or streamers of colored paper that are thrown around on festive occasions (as at a wedding)
detonante,
explosivo
a chemical substance that undergoes a rapid chemical change (with the production of gas) on being heated or struck
pintura
a substance used as a coating to protect or decorate a surface (especially a mixture of pigment suspended in a liquid); dries to form a hard coating
crujido
material resulting from the process of grinding
morena,
morrena
accumulated earth and stones deposited by a glacier
rafia
fiber of a raffia palm used as light cordage and in making hats and baskets
escoria
worthless or dangerous material that should be removed
absorbente
a material having capacity or tendency to absorb another substance
adsorbente
a material having capacity or tendency to adsorb another substance
cobre
a ductile malleable reddish-brown corrosion-resistant diamagnetic metallic element; occurs in various minerals but is the only metal that occurs abundantly in large masses; used as an electrical and thermal conductor
plata
a soft white precious univalent metallic element having the highest electrical and thermal conductivity of any metal; occurs in argentite and in free form; used in coins and jewelry and tableware and photography
anfíbol
a mineral or mineral variety belonging to the amphibole group
augita
dark-green to black glassy mineral of the pyroxene group containing large amounts of aluminum and iron and magnesium
bauxita
a clay-like mineral; the chief ore of aluminum; composed of aluminum oxides and aluminum hydroxides; used as an abrasive and catalyst
berilo
the chief source of beryllium; colored transparent varieties are valued as gems
bórax
an ore of boron consisting of hydrated sodium borate; used as a flux or cleansing agent
calcopirita
a yellow copper ore (CuFeS2) made up of copper and iron sulfide
corindón
very hard mineral used as an abrasive
esmeril
a hard grey-black mineral consisting of corundum and either hematite or magnetite; used as an abrasive (especially as a coating on paper)
granate,
piropo
any of a group of hard glassy minerals (silicates of various metals) used as gemstones and as an abrasive
yeso
a common white or colorless mineral (hydrated calcium sulphate) used to make cements and plasters (especially plaster of Paris)
malaquita
a green or blue mineral used as an ore of copper and for making ornamental objects
mica
any of various minerals consisting of hydrous silicates of aluminum or potassium etc. that crystallize in forms that allow perfect cleavage into very thin leaves; used as dielectrics because of their resistance to electricity
ópalo
a translucent mineral consisting of hydrated silica of variable color; some varieties are used as gemstones
turba
partially carbonized vegetable matter saturated with water; can be used as a fuel when dried
magnesia
a white solid mineral that occurs naturally as periclase; a source of magnesium
pirita
a common mineral (iron disulfide) that has a pale yellow color
cuarzo
a hard glossy mineral consisting of silicon dioxide in crystal form; present in most rocks (especially sandstone and granite); yellow sand is quartz with iron oxide impurities
cuarcita
hard metamorphic rock consisting essentially of interlocking quartz crystals
grava
broken rock used for repairing or making roads
piedra pómez,
pómez
a light glass formed on the surface of some lavas; used as an abrasive
ajonje,
hisca,
liga,
visco
a sticky adhesive that is smeared on small branches to capture small birds
sellador,
selladora
a kind of sealing material that is used to form a hard coating on a porous surface (as a coat of paint or varnish used to size a surface)
laúd
a substance for packing a joint or coating a porous surface to make it impervious to gas or liquid
cuché
a high-quality paper (usually having a filler of china clay)
secante
absorbent paper used to dry ink
carbón,
papel carbón
a thin paper coated on one side with a dark waxy substance (often containing carbon); used to transfer characters from the original to an under sheet of paper
carborundo
an abrasive composed of silicon carbide crystals
cascabillo,
rastrojo
material consisting of seed coverings and small pieces of stem or leaves that have been separated from the seeds
lignito
intermediate between peat and bituminous coal
compuesto,
compuesto químico
(chemistry) a substance formed by chemical union of two or more elements or ingredients in definite proportion by weight
semiconductor
a substance as germanium or silicon whose electrical conductivity is intermediate between that of a metal and an insulator; its conductivity increases with temperature and in the presence of impurities
tierra
the part of the earth's surface consisting of humus and disintegrated rock
barredura,
basura,
bazofia,
desperdicio,
desperdicios,
despojo,
majaderías,
migajas,
piltrafa,
residuo,
resto,
ripio,
sandeces,
tonterías
food that is discarded (as from a kitchen)
contaminante
waste matter that contaminates the water or air or soil
abono,
fertilizante
any substance such as manure or a mixture of nitrates used to make soil more fertile
conglomerado
a composite rock made up of particles of varying size
matamoscas
paper that is poisoned or coated with a sticky substance to kill flies
gomaespuma
spongy rubber; made by introducing air bubbles before vulcanization and used for cushioning or upholstery
herbicida
a chemical agent that destroys plants or inhibits their growth
magma
molten rock in the earth's crust
tornasol
unsized paper treated with litmus for use as an acid-base indicator
papel de estraza
a strong paper or thin cardboard with a smooth light brown finish made from e.g. Manila hemp
mordiente
a substance used to treat leather or other materials before dyeing; aids in dyeing process
estopa
loose hemp or jute fiber obtained by unravelling old ropes; when impregnated with tar it was used to caulk seams and pack joints in wooden ships
bloque
a number of sheets of paper fastened together along one edge
papiro
paper made from the papyrus plant by cutting it in strips and pressing it flat; used by ancient Egyptians and Greeks and Romans
color,
tinte
a usually soluble substance for staining or coloring e.g. fabrics or hair
pigmento
dry coloring material (especially a powder to be mixed with a liquid to produce paint, etc.)
suavizador
a substance added to another to make it less hard
talco
a fine grained mineral having a soft soapy feel and consisting of hydrated magnesium silicate; used in a variety of products including talcum powder
topacio
a mineral (fluosilicate of aluminum) that occurs in crystals of various colors and is used as a gemstone
turmalina
a mineral that is a complex borosilicate and hydroxide of aluminum containing iron and magnesium and calcium and lithium and sodium; it is usually black but occurs in transparent colored forms that are used as gemstones
turquesa
a blue to grey green mineral consisting of copper aluminum phosphate
madera
the hard fibrous lignified substance under the bark of trees
papel de escribir
paper material made into thin sheets that are sized to take ink; used for writing correspondence and manuscripts
circón
a common mineral occurring in small crystals; chief source of zirconium; used as a refractory when opaque and as a gem when transparent