examples:
círculo polar ártico
a line of latitude near but to the south of the north pole; it marks the northernmost point at which the sun is visible on the northern winter solstice and the southernmost point at which the midnight sun can be seen on the northern summer solstice
Lejano Oriente
a popular expression for the countries of eastern Asia (usually including China and Mongolia and Taiwan and Japan and Korea and Indochina and eastern Siberia)
sudeste
the southeastern region of the United States
sudoeste
the southwestern region of the United States generally including New Mexico, Arizona, Texas, Nevada, California, and sometimes Utah and Colorado
nordeste
the northeastern region of the United States
noroeste
the northwestern region of the United States
Polo Norte
the northernmost point of the Earth's axis
Rubicón
the boundary in ancient times between Italy and Gaul; Caesar's crossing it with his army in 49 BC was an act of war
Polo Sur
the southernmost point of the Earth's axis
aries
the first sign of the zodiac which the sun enters at the vernal equinox; the sun is in this sign from about March 21 to April 19
tauro
the second sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about April 20 to May 20
géminis
the third sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about May 21 to June 20
cáncer
the fourth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about June 21 to July 22
leo
the fifth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about July 23 to August 22
virgo
the sixth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about August 23 to September 22
libra
the seventh sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about September 23 to October 22
escorpión
the eighth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about October 23 to November 21
sagitario
the ninth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about November 22 to December 21
capricornio
the tenth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about December 22 to January 19
acuario
the eleventh sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about January 20 to February 18
piscis
the twelfth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about February 19 to March 20
Patagonia
region in southern South America between the Andes and the South Atlantic
Pampa
the vast grassy plains of northern Argentina
Checoslovaquia
a former republic in central Europe; divided into Czech Republic and Slovakia in 1993
Escandinavia
a group of culturally related countries in northern Europe; Finland and Iceland are sometimes considered Scandinavian
palatinado
a territory in southwestern Germany formerly ruled by the counts palatine
Prusia
a former kingdom in north-central Europe including present-day northern Germany and northern Poland
Tesalia
a fertile plain on the Aegean Sea in east central Greece; Thessaly was a former region of ancient Greece
Arcadia
a department of Greece in the central Peloponnese
Tierra Santa
an ancient country in southwestern Asia on the east coast of the Mediterranean Sea; a place of pilgrimage for Christianity and Islam and Judaism
Imperio romano
an empire established by Augustus in 27 BC and divided in AD 395 into the Western Roman Empire and the eastern or Byzantine Empire; at its peak lands in Europe and Africa and Asia were ruled by ancient Rome
Imperio bizantino
a continuation of the Roman Empire in the Middle East after its division in 395
Serbia
a historical region in central and northern Yugoslavia; Serbs settled the region in the 6th and 7th centuries
Newport
a port city in southeastern Wales
Indostán
northern region of India where Hinduism predominates
Macedonia
the ancient kingdom of Philip II and Alexander the Great in the southeastern Balkans that is now divided among modern Macedonia and Greece and Bulgaria
Tracia
an ancient country and wine producing region in the east of the Balkan Peninsula to the north of the Aegean Sea; colonized by ancient Greeks; later a Roman province; now divided between Bulgaria and Greece and Turkey
Mesopotamia
the land between the Tigris and Euphrates; site of several ancient civilizations; part of what is now known as Iraq
Babilonia
an ancient kingdom in southern Mesopotamia; Babylonia conquered Israel in the 6th century BC and exiled the Jews to Babylon (where Daniel became a counselor to the king)
Asiria
an ancient kingdom in northern Mesopotamia which is in present-day Iraq
Fenicia
an ancient maritime country (a collection of city states) at eastern end of the Mediterranean
Galia
an ancient region of western Europe that included what is now northern Italy and France and Belgium and part of Germany and the Netherlands
Anjou
a former province of western France in the Loire valley
Normandía
a former province of northwestern France on the English channel; divided into Haute-Normandie and Basse-Normandie
Provenza
a former province of southeastern France; now administered with Cote d'Azur
Laponia
a region in northmost Europe inhabited by Lapps
Monaco
a constitutional monarchy in a tiny enclave on the French Riviera
Mongolia
a vast region in Asia including the Mongolian People's Republic and China's Inner Mongolia
Natal
a region of eastern South Africa on the Indian Ocean
Cachemira
an area in southwestern Asia whose sovereignty is disputed between Pakistan and India
Siberia
a vast Asian region of Russia; famous for long cold winters
Estonia
a republic in northeastern Europe on the Baltic Sea
Letonia
a republic in northeastern Europe on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea
Lituania
a republic in northeastern Europe on the Baltic Sea
América Latina
the parts of North America and South America to the south of the United States where Romance languages are spoken
New England
a region of northeastern United States comprising Maine and New Hampshire and Vermont and Massachusetts and Rhode Island and Connecticut
Sur
the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line
Norte
the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line
Chicago
largest city in Illinois; a bustling Great Lakes port that extends 26 miles along the southwestern shoreline of Lake Michigan
charlestón
a port city in southeastern South Carolina
Houston
the largest city in Texas; located in southeastern Texas near the Gulf of Mexico; site of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Lusitania
ancient region and Roman province on the Iberian Peninsula; corresponds roughly to modern Portugal and parts of Spain
trópico
the part of the Earth's surface between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn; characterized by a hot climate
Cabo Verde
an island country in the Atlantic off the coast of Senegal
Sri lanka
a republic on the island of Ceylon; became independent of the United Kingdom in 1948
Cuba
a communist state in the Caribbean on the island of Cuba
Haití
a republic in the West Indies on the western part of the island of Hispaniola; achieved independence from France in 1804; the poorest and most illiterate nation in the western hemisphere
República Dominica
a republic in the West Indies; located on the eastern two-thirds of the island of Hispaniola
Jamaica
a country on the island of Jamaica; became independent of England in 1962; much poverty; the major industry is tourism
Trinidad y Tobago
an island republic in the West Indies off the northeastern coast of Venezuela; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1962
Chipre
a country on the island of Cyprus; 80% of the people are of Greek origin and 20% or Turkish origin
Dominica
a country on the island of Dominica
Fiji
an independent state within the British Commonwealth located on the Fiji Islands
Israel
Jewish republic in southwestern Asia at eastern end of Mediterranean; formerly part of Palestine
Australia
a nation occupying the whole of the Australian continent; Aboriginal tribes are thought to have migrated from southeastern Asia 20,000 years ago; first Europeans were British convicts sent there as a penal colony
Nauru
an island republic on Nauru Island; phosphate exports support the economy
Nueva Guinea
a parliamentary democracy on the eastern half of the island of New Guinea; in 1975 it became an independent state within the Commonwealth of Nations
Las Bahamas
island country in the Atlantic to the east of Florida and Cuba; a popular winter resort
Burkina Faso
a desperately poor landlocked country in western Africa; was formerly Upper Volta under French rule but gained independence in 1960
Indonesia
a republic in southeastern Asia on an archipelago including more than 13,000 islands; achieved independence from the Netherlands in 1945; the principal oil producer in the Far East and Pacific regions
Granada
an island state in the West Indies in the southeastern Caribbean Sea; an independent state within the British Commonwealth
Maldivas
a republic on the Maldive Islands; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1965
Malta
a republic on the island of Malta in the Mediterranean; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1964
Nueva Zelanda
an independent country within the British Commonwealth; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1907; known for sheep and spectacular scenery
Filipinas
a republic on the Philippine Islands; achieved independence from the United States in 1946
Santa Lucía
a country on the island of Saint Lucia; gained independence from Great Britain in 1979
Samoa
a constitutional monarchy on the western part of the islands of Samoa in the South Pacific
Seychelles
a republic on the Seychelles islands; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1976
Islas Salomón
the southern Solomon Islands that since 1978 form an independent state in the British Commonwealth
Unión Soviética
a former communist country in eastern Europe and northern Asia; established in 1922; included Russia and 14 other soviet socialist republics (Ukraine and Byelorussia and others); officially dissolved 31 December 1991
Rusia
a federation in northeastern Europe and northern Asia; formerly Soviet Russia; since 1991 an independent state
Tonga
a monarchy on a Polynesian archipelago in the South Pacific; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1970
Turquía
a Eurasian republic in Asia Minor and the Balkans; on the collapse of the Ottoman Empire in 1918, the Young Turks, led by Kemal Ataturk, established a republic in 1923
San Francisco
a port in western California near the Golden Gate that is one of the major industrial and transportation centers; it has one of the world's finest harbors; site of the Golden Gate Bridge
Pearl Harbor
a harbor on Oahu to the west of Honolulu; location of a United States naval base that was attacked by the Japanese on 7 Dec 1941
Nueva York
the largest city in New York State and in the United States; located in southeastern New York at the mouth of the Hudson river; a major financial and cultural center
Nuevas Híbridas
a volcanic island republic in Melanesia; independent since 1980
Aconcagua
the highest mountain in the western hemisphere; located in the Andes in western Argentina (22,834 feet high)
Ancohuma
a mountain peak in the Andes in Bolivia (20,960 feet high)
Anapurna
a mountain in the Himalayas in Nepal (26,500 feet high)
Changtzu
a mountain in the central Himalayas on the border of Tibet and Nepal (24,780 feet high)
Chimborazo
a mountain peak in the Andes in Ecuador (20,560 feet high)
Dhaulagiri
a mountain in the Himalayas in Nepal (26,820 feet high)
Everest
a mountain in the central Himalayas on the border of Tibet and Nepal; the highest mountain peak in the world (29,028 feet high)
gasherbrum
a mountain in northern Kashmir (26,470 feet high)
Gosainthan
a mountain in the Himalayas in Tibet (26,290 feet high)
Grand Teton
a mountain peak in northwestern Wyoming; the highest peak in the Teton Range (13,766 feet high)
Huascaran
a mountain in the Andes in Peru (22,205 feet high)
Illampu
a mountain peak in the Andes in Bolivia (20,870 feet high)
Dapsang
a mountain peak in the Karakoram Range in northern Kashmir; the 2nd highest peak in the world (28,250 feet high)
Kamet
a mountain in the Himalayas in northern India (25,450 feet high)
Kanchajanga
a mountain the Himalayas on the border between Nepal and Tibet (28,208 feet high)
Lhotse
a mountain in the central Himalayas on the border of Tibet and Nepal (27,890 feet high)
Llullaillaco
a mountain in the Andes on the border between Argentina and Chile (22,057 feet high)
Monte Logan
a mountain peak in the St. Elias Range in the southwestern Yukon Territory in Canada (19,850 feet high)
Makalu
a mountain in the Himalayas in Nepal (27,790 feet high)
Matterhorn
a mountain in the Alps on the border between Switzerland and Italy (14,780 feet high); noted for its distinctive shape
Monte Mckinley
a mountain in south central Alaska; the highest peak in North America (20,300 feet high)
Mercedario
a mountain in the Andes in Argentina (22,210 feet high)
Mont Blanc
the highest mountain peak in the Alps; on the border between France and Italy to the south of Geneva (15,781 feet high)
Nanda Devi
a mountain in the Himalayas in northern India (25,660 feet high)
Nanga Parbat
a mountain in the Himalayas in Kashmir (26,660 feet high)
Nuptse
a mountain in the central Himalayas on the border of Tibet and Nepal (25,726 feet high)
Ojos del salado
a mountain in the Andes on the border between Argentina and Chile (22,572 feet high)
Pissis
a mountain in the Andes in Argentina (22,241 feet high)
Pico de Pobeda
a mountain peak in the Tien Shan mountains in northern India (24,406 feet high)
Rakaposhi
a mountain peak in the Karakoram Range in northern Kashmir (25,560 feet high)
Tirich Mir
a mountain in the Hindu Kush in Pakistan (25,230 feet high)
Ulugh Muztagh
a mountain in the Kunlun range in China (25,340 feet high)
Weisshorn
a mountain in the Alps in Switzerland (14,804 feet high)
Monte Whitney
the highest peak in the Sierra Nevada range in California (14,494 feet high)
Yerupaja
a mountain peak in the Andes in Peru (21,709 feet high)
ártico
the regions to the north of the Arctic Circle centered on the North Pole
Namibia
a republic in southwestern Africa on the south Atlantic coast (formerly called South West Africa); achieved independence from South Africa in 1990; the greater part of Namibia forms part of the high Namibian plateau of South Africa
Afganistán
a mountainous landlocked country in central Asia; bordered by Iran to the west and Russia to the north and Pakistan to the east and south
Algeria
a republic in northwestern Africa on the Mediterranean Sea with a population that is predominantly Sunni Muslim; colonized by France in the 19th century but gained autonomy in the early 1960s
Angola
a republic in southwestern Africa on the Atlantic Ocean; achieved independence from Portugal in 1975 and was the scene of civil war until 1990
Argentina
a republic in southern South America; second largest country in South America
Birmania
a mountainous republic in southeastern Asia on the Bay of Bengal
Burundi
a landlocked republic in east central Africa on the northeastern shore of Lake Tanganyika
Camboia
a nation in southeastern Asia; was part of Indochina under French rule until 1946
Camerún
a republic on the western coast of central Africa; was under French and British control until 1960
Chad
a landlocked desert republic in north-central Africa; was under French control until 1960
Chile
a republic in southern South America on the western slopes of the Andes on the south Pacific coast
China
a communist nation that covers a vast territory in eastern Asia; the most populous country in the world
Colombia
a republic in northwestern South America with a coastline on the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea; achieved independence from Spain in 1821 under the leadership of Simon Bolivar; Spanish is the official language
Costa de Marfil
a republic in western Africa on the Gulf of Guinea; one of the most prosperous and politically stable countries in Africa
Méjico
a republic in southern North America; became independent from Spain in 1810
Dahomei
a country on western coast of Africa; formerly under French control
Togo
a republic on the western coast of Africa on the Gulf of Guinea; formerly under French control
Yibuti
a country in northeastern Africa on the Somali peninsula; formerly under French control but became independent in 1997
Guinea Ecuatorial
a country of west central Africa (including islands in the Gulf of Guinea); became independent from Spain in 1968
República Federal Alemana
a republic in central Europe; split into East Germany and West Germany after World War II and reunited in 1990
República Democrárica Alemana
a republic in north central Europe on the Baltic; established by the Soviet Union in 1954; reunified with West Germany in 1990
Ecuador
a republic in northwestern South America; became independent from Spain in 1822; the landscape is dominated by the Andes
Etiopía
Ethiopia is a republic in northeastern Africa on the Red Sea; formerly called Abyssinia
Finlandia
republic in northern Europe; achieved independence from Russia in 1917
ilion
an ancient city in Asia Minor that was the site of the Trojan War
Italia
a republic in southern Europe on the Italian Peninsula; was the core of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire between the 4th century BC and the 5th century AD
Rumanía
a republic in southeastern Europe with a short coastline on the Black Sea
Ruanda
a landlocked republic in central Africa; formerly a German colony
Croacia
a republic in the western Balkans in south-central Europe in the eastern Adriatic coastal area; formerly part of the Habsburg monarchy and Yugoslavia; became independent in 1991
Yugoslavia
a mountainous republic in southeastern Europe bordering on the Adriatic Sea; formed from two of the six republics that made up Yugoslavia until 1992; Serbia and Montenegro were known as the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia until 2003 when they adopted the name of the Union of Serbia and Montenegro
Eslovenia
a mountainous republic in central Europe; formerly part of the Habsburg monarchy and Yugoslavia; achieved independence in 1991
Canadá
a nation in northern North America; the French were the first Europeans to settle in mainland Canada
Austria
a mountainous republic in central Europe; under the Habsburgs (1278-1918) Austria maintained control of the Holy Roman Empire and was a leader in European politics until the 19th century
Bahrain
an island country in the Persian Gulf off the coast of Saudi Arabia; oil revenues funded progressive programs until reserves were exhausted in 1970s
Bangladesh
a Muslim republic in southern Asia bordered by India to the north and west and east and the Bay of Bengal to the south; formerly part of India and then part of Pakistan; it achieved independence in 1971
Flandes
a medieval country in northern Europe that included regions now parts of northern France and Belgium and southwestern Netherlands
Bélgica
a monarchy in northwestern Europe; headquarters for the European Union and for the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Bhután
a landlocked principality in the Himalayas to the northeast of India
Botsuana
a landlocked republic in south-central Africa that became independent from British control in the 1960s
Bolivia
a landlocked republic in central South America; Simon Bolivar founded Bolivia in 1825 after winning independence from Spain
Brasil
the largest Latin American country and the largest Portuguese speaking country in the world; located in the central and northeastern part of South America; world's leading coffee exporter
Irlanda del Norte
a division of the United Kingdom located on the northern part of the island of Ireland
Irlanda
a republic consisting of 26 of 32 counties comprising the island of Ireland; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1921
Escocia
one of the four countries that make up the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; located on the northern part of the island of Great Britain; famous for bagpipes and plaids and kilts
Egipto
a republic in northeastern Africa known as the United Arab Republic until 1971; site of an ancient civilization that flourished from 2600 to 30 BC
India
a republic in the Asian subcontinent in southern Asia; second most populous country in the world; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1947
Nepal
a small landlocked Asian country high in the Himalayas between India and China
Tíbet
an autonomous region of the Peoples Republic of China; located in the Himalayas
Persia
a theocratic Islamic republic in the Middle East in western Asia; Iran was the core of the ancient empire that was known as Persia until 1935; rich in oil
Irak
a republic in the Middle East in western Asia; the ancient civilization of Mesopotamia was in the area now known as Iraq
Japón
a constitutional monarchy occupying the Japanese Archipelago; a world leader in electronics and automobile manufacture and ship building
Jordania
an Arab kingdom in southwestern Asia on the Red Sea
Kenia
a republic in eastern Africa; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1963; major archeological discoveries have been made in the Great Rift Valley in Kenya
Kuwait
an Arab kingdom in Asia on the northwestern coast of the Persian Gulf; a major source of petroleum
Francia
a republic in western Europe; the largest country wholly in Europe
Gabón
a republic on the west coast of Africa
Gambia
a narrow republic surrounded by Senegal in West Africa
Ghana
a republic in West Africa on the Gulf of Guinea
Guinea francesa
a republic in western Africa on the Atlantic; formerly a French colony; achieved independence from France in 1958
Guinea portuguesa
a republic on the northwestern coast of Africa; recognized as independent by Portugal in 1974
Guayana inglesa
a republic in northeastern South America; formerly part of the British Empire, but it achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1966
Países Bajos
a constitutional monarchy in western Europe on the North Sea; half the country lies below sea level
Hungría
a republic in central Europe
Islandia
an island republic on the island of Iceland; became independent of Denmark in 1944
Corea del Norte
a communist country in the northern half of the Korean Peninsula; established in 1948
Corea del Sur
a republic in the southern half of the Korean Peninsula; established in 1948
Laos
a mountainous landlocked communist state in southeastern Asia; achieved independence from France in 1949
Líbano
an Asian republic at east end of Mediterranean
Lesoto
a landlocked constitutional monarchy in southern Africa; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1966
Liberia
a republic in West Africa; established in 1822 by Americans as a way to free negro slaves
Libia
a military dictatorship in northern Africa on the Mediterranean; consists almost entirely of desert; a major exporter of petroleum
Liechtenstein
a small landlocked principality (constitutional monarchy) in central Europe located in the Alps between Austria and Switzerland
Luxemburgo
a grand duchy (a constitutional monarchy) landlocked in northwestern Europe between France and Belgium and Germany; an international financial center
Madagascar
a republic on the island of Madagascar; achieved independence from France in 1960
Malawi
a landlocked republic in southern central Africa; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1964
Malasia
a constitutional monarchy in southeastern Asia on Borneo and the Malay Peninsula; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1957
Mali
a landlocked republic in northwestern Africa; achieved independence from France in 1960; Mali was a center of West African civilization for more than 4,000 years
Mauritania
a country in northwestern Africa with a provisional military government; achieved independence from France in 1960; largely western Sahara Desert
Marruecos
a kingdom (constitutional monarchy) in northwestern Africa with a largely Muslim population; achieved independence from France in 1956
Mozambique
a republic on the southeastern coast of Africa on the Mozambique Channel; became independent from Portugal in 1975
Níger
a landlocked republic in West Africa; gained independence from France in 1960; most of the country is dominated by the Sahara Desert
Nigeria
a republic in West Africa on the Gulf of Guinea; gained independence from Britain in 1960; most populous African country
Omán
a strategically located monarchy on the southern and eastern coasts of the Arabian Peninsula; the economy is dominated by oil
Pakistán
a Muslim republic that occupies the heartland of ancient south Asian civilization in the Indus River valley; formerly part of India; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1947
Paraguai
a landlocked republic in south central South America; achieved independence from Spain in 1811
Perú
a republic in western South America; achieved independence from Spain in 1821; was the heart of the Inca empire from the 12th to 16th centuries
Polonia
a republic in central Europe; the invasion of Poland by Germany in 1939 started World War II
Portugal
a republic in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula; Portuguese explorers and colonists in the 15th and 16th centuries created a vast overseas empire (including Brazil)
Katar
an Arab country on the peninsula of Qatar; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1971; the economy is dominated by oil
San Marino
the smallest republic in the world; the oldest independent country in Europe (achieved independence in 301); located in the Apennines and completely surrounded by Italy
Arabia Saudita
an absolute monarchy occupying most of the Arabian Peninsula in southwest Asia; vast oil reserves dominate the economy
Senegal
a republic in northwestern Africa on the coast of the Atlantic; formerly a French colony but achieved independence in 1960
Sierra Leone
a republic in West Africa; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1961
Singapur
a country in southeastern Asia on the island of Singapore; achieved independence from Malaysia in 1965
Repúblia de Somalia
a republic in extreme eastern Africa on the Somali peninsula; subject to tribal warfare
República de Sudáfrica
a republic at the southernmost part of Africa; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1910; first European settlers were Dutch (known as Boers)
Andorra
a small republic in the eastern Pyrenees between Spain and France
España
a parliamentary monarchy in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula; a former colonial power
República del Sudán
a republic in northeastern Africa on the Red Sea; achieved independence from Egypt and the United Kingdom in 1956
Guayana holandesa
a republic in northeastern South America on the Atlantic; achieved independence from the Netherlands in 1975
Socilandia
a landlocked monarchy in southeastern Africa; member of the commonwealth that achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1968
Suiza
a landlocked federal republic in central Europe
Siria
an Asian republic in the Middle East at the east end of the Mediterranean; site of some of the world's most ancient centers of civilization
Tailandia
a country of southeastern Asia that extends southward along the Isthmus of Kra to the Malay Peninsula
Túnez
a republic in northwestern Africa on the Mediterranean coast; achieved independence from France in 1956
Uganda
a landlocked republic in eastern Africa; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1962
Unión de los Emiratos árabes
a federation of seven Arab emirates on the eastern Arabian peninsula; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1971; rich in oil reserves
Estados Unidos
North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776
Georgia
a state in southeastern United States; one of the Confederate states during the American Civil War
Newport
a resort city in southeastern Rhode Island; known for the summer homes of millionaires; important yachting center
Texas
the second largest state; located in southwestern United States on the Gulf of Mexico
Dallas
a large commercial and industrial city in northeastern Texas located in the heart of the northern Texas oil fields
Uruguay
a South American republic on the southeast coast of South America; achieved independence from Brazil in 1825
Venezuela
a republic in northern South America on the Caribbean; achieved independence from Spain in 1811; rich in oil
Vietnam
a communist state in Indochina on the South China Sea; achieved independence from France in 1945
Zambia
a republic in central Africa; formerly controlled by Great Britain and called Northern Rhodesia until it gained independence within the commonwealth in 1964
Zimbabwe
a landlocked republic in south central Africa formerly called Rhodesia; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1980
Albania
a republic in southeastern Europe on the Adriatic coast of the Balkan Peninsula
Bulgaria
a republic in the eastern part of the Balkan Peninsula in southeastern Europe
Costa Rica
a republic in Central America; one of the most politically stable countries in Latin America
Guatemala
a republic in Central America; achieved independence from Spain in 1821; noted for low per capita income and illiteracy; politically unstable
Belice
a country on the northeastern coast of Central America on the Caribbean; formerly under British control
Honduras
a republic in Central America; achieved independence from Spain in 1821; an early center of Mayan culture
El Salvador
a republic on the Pacific coast of Central America
Nicaragua
a republic in Central America; achieved independence from Spain in 1821
Panamá
a republic on the Isthmus of Panama; achieved independence from Colombia in 1903
Dinamarca
a constitutional monarchy in northern Europe; consists of the mainland of Jutland and many islands between the North Sea and the Baltic Sea
Noruega
a constitutional monarchy in northern Europe on the western side of the Scandinavian Peninsula; achieved independence from Sweden in 1905
Suecia
a Scandinavian kingdom in the eastern part of the Scandinavian Peninsula
Berlín
capital of Germany located in eastern Germany
Grecia
a republic in southeastern Europe on the southern part of the Balkan peninsula; known for grapes and olives and olive oil
Bruselas
the capital and largest city of Belgium; seat of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
París
the capital and largest city of France; and international center of culture and commerce
papel de estraza
the capital and largest city of the Philippines; located on southern Luzon
Atlanta
state capital and largest city of Georgia; chief commercial center of the southeastern United States; was plundered and burned by Sherman's army during the American Civil War
charlestón
state capital of West Virginia in the central part of the state on the Kanawha river
types:
occidente
a location in the western part of a country, region, or city
tierra
the abode of mortals (as contrasted with Heaven or Hell)
línea
a spatial location defined by a real or imaginary unidimensional extent
punto
the precise location of something; a spatially limited location
parte,
región
the extended spatial location of something
región
a large indefinite location on the surface of the Earth
paradero
the general location where something is
paso,
puerto
the location in a range of mountains of a geological formation that is lower than the surrounding peaks
espacio
an empty area (usually bounded in some way between things)
raya
a line of scalp that can be seen when sections of hair are combed in opposite directions
ombligo
a scar where the umbilical cord was attached
eje
a straight line through a body or figure that satisfies certain conditions
ecuador magnético
an imaginary line paralleling the equator where a magnetic needle has no dip
línea agónica
an imaginary line connecting points on the Earth's surface where the magnetic declination is zero
isógona,
línea isogónica
an imaginary line connecting points on the Earth's surface where the magnetic declination is the same
área
a particular geographical region of indefinite boundary (usually serving some special purpose or distinguished by its people or culture or geography)
atmósfera
the mass of air surrounding the Earth
zona
an area or region distinguished from adjacent parts by a distinctive feature or characteristic
centro
a point equidistant from the ends of a line or the extremities of a figure
condado
(United Kingdom) a region created by territorial division for the purpose of local government
límite forestal
line marking the upper limit of tree growth in mountains or northern latitudes
dominio
territory over which rule or control is exercised
norte
any region lying in or toward the north
sur
any region lying in or toward the south
extremo
the outermost or farthest region or point
campo
somewhere (away from a studio or office or library or laboratory) where practical work is done or data is collected
bajo
the line formed by the lower edge of a skirt or coat
horizonte
the line at which the sky and Earth appear to meet
interior
the region that is inside of something
ionosfera
the outer region of the Earth's atmosphere; contains a high concentration of free electrons
capa
a relatively thin sheetlike expanse or region lying over or under another
visual
an imaginary straight line along which an observer looks
paralelo
an imaginary line around the Earth parallel to the equator
latitud lunar
an imaginary line around the moon parallel to its equator
exterior
the region that is outside of something
engaste
point of contact between two objects or parts
posición
a point occupied by troops for tactical reasons
cuadrante
a quarter of the circumference of a circle
radio
a circular region whose area is indicated by the length of its radius
antípodas
any two places or regions on diametrically opposite sides of the Earth
lado
a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location
aire
the region above the ground
esquina
the point where three areas or surfaces meet or intersect
sitio
a point located with respect to surface features of some region
línea de flotación
a line corresponding to the surface of the water when the vessel is afloat on an even keel; often painted on the hull of a ship
zodiaco,
zodíaco
a belt-shaped region in the heavens on either side to the ecliptic; divided into 12 constellations or signs for astrological purposes
agujero negro
a region of space resulting from the collapse of a star; extremely high gravitational field
extensión
a wide and open space or area as of surface or land or sky
collada,
collado
a pass or ridge that slopes gently between two peaks (is shaped like a saddle)
foco
a point of convergence of light (or other radiation) or a point from which it diverges
línea de fuerza
an imaginary line in a field of force; direction of the line at any point is the direction of the force at that point
ángulo
the space between two lines or planes that intersect; the inclination of one line to another; measured in degrees or radians