types:
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crepitation rale
the crackling sound heard on auscultation when patients with respiratory diseases inhale; associated with tuberculosis and pneumonia and congestive heart failure
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hypermenorrhea, menorrhagia
abnormally heavy or prolonged menstruation; can be a symptom of uterine tumors and can lead to anemia if prolonged
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alkalinuria, alkaluria
a condition in which the urine (which is normally slightly acidic) is alkaline
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eosinopenia
a decrease in the number of eosinophils in the blood
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haemoglobinemia, hemoglobinemia
presence of excessive hemoglobin in the blood plasma
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haemoptysis, hemoptysis
coughing up blood from the respiratory tract; usually indicates a severe infection of the bronchi or lungs
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hyperlipaemia, hyperlipemia, hyperlipidaemia, hyperlipidemia, hyperlipoidaemia, hyperlipoidemia, lipaemia, lipemia, lipidaemia, lipidemia, lipoidaemia, lipoidemia
presence of excess lipids in the blood
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albuminuria, proteinuria
the presence of excessive protein (chiefly albumin but also globulin) in the urine; usually a symptom of kidney disorder
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aminoaciduria
abnormal presence of amino acids in the urine; usually a symptom of metabolic defects
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ammoniuria
excessive ammonia in the urine
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Jacquemier's sign
a purplish discoloration of the mucous membrane of the vagina that occurs early in pregnancy
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Kayser-Fleischer ring
a pigmented ring at the outer edge of the cornea of the eye; a symptom of Wilson's disease
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keratomalacia
softening and drying and ulceration of the cornea resulting from vitamin A deficiency; symptom of cystic fibrosis or sprue
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Kernig's sign
symptom of meningitis; patient cannot extend the leg at the knee when the thigh is flexed because of stiffness in the hamstrings
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acetonemia, ketonemia, ketosis
an abnormal increase of ketone bodies in the blood as in diabetes mellitus
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Koplik's spots
small red spots with white centers found on the mucous membranes of the mouth and tongue; symptom of measles that appears one or two days before the measles rash appears
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glycosuria
the presence of abnormally high levels of sugar in the urine
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lymphuria
the presence of lymph in the urine
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monocytosis
increase in the number of monocytes in the blood; symptom of monocytic leukemia
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thrombocytosis
increase in the number of platelets in the blood which tends to cause clots to form; associated with many neoplasms and chronic infections and other diseases
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ochronosis
an accumulation of dark pigment in cartilage and other connective tissue; usually a symptom of alkaptonuria or phenol poisoning
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hypercalcaemia, hypercalcemia
the presence of abnormally high levels of calcium in the blood; usually the result of excessive bone resorption in hyperparathyroidism or Paget's disease
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hypocalcaemia, hypocalcemia
abnormally low level of calcium in the blood; associated with hypoparathyroidism or kidney malfunction or vitamin D deficiency
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hypercalcinuria, hypercalciuria
the presence of abnormally high levels of calcium in the urine; usually the result of excessive bone resorption in hyperparathyroidism or osteoporosis
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hypercholesteremia, hypercholesterolemia
the presence of an abnormal amount of cholesterol in the cells and plasma of the blood; associated with the risk of atherosclerosis
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hyperkalemia
higher than normal levels of potassium in the circulating blood; associated with kidney failure or sometimes with the use of diuretic drugs
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hypokalemia
abnormally low level of potassium in the circulating blood leading to weakness and heart abnormalities; associated with adrenal tumors or starvation or taking diuretics
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kaliuresis, kaluresis
the presence of excess potassium in the urine
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natriuresis
the presence of abnormally large amounts of sodium in the urine
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hypoproteinemia
abnormally low level of protein in the blood; can indicate inadequate diet or intestinal or renal disorders
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hypernatremia
excessive amounts of sodium in the blood; possibly indicating diabetes insipidus
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hyponatremia
abnormally low level of sodium in the blood; associated with dehydration
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hypersplenism
enlarged spleen and a decrease in one or more types of blood cells; associated with many disorders
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acetonuria, ketoaciduria, ketonuria
excessive amounts of ketone bodies in the urine as in diabetes mellitus or starvation
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amenia, amenorrhea, amenorrhoea
absence or suppression of normal menstrual flow
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aura
a sensation (as of a cold breeze or bright light) that precedes the onset of certain disorders such as a migraine attack or epileptic seizure
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chloasma, mask of pregnancy, melasma
a tan discoloration of a woman's face that is associated with pregnancy or with the use of oral contraceptives
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clubbing
a condition in which the ends of toes and fingers become wide and thick; a symptom of heart or lung disease
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cyanosis
a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes; a sign that oxygen in the blood is dangerously diminished (as in carbon monoxide poisoning)
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diuresis
increased secretion of urine; if not due to increased liquid intake or to the action of a diuretic drug it can be a symptom of diabetes mellitus
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prodroma, prodrome
an early symptom that a disease is developing or that an attack is about to occur
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syndrome
a pattern of symptoms indicative of some disease
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effect
a symptom caused by an illness or a drug
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abscess
symptom consisting of a localized collection of pus surrounded by inflamed tissue
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purulence, purulency
symptom of being purulent (containing or forming pus)
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exophthalmos
protrusion of the eyeball from the socket
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festination
involuntary shortening of stride and quickening of gait that occurs in some diseases (e.g., Parkinson's disease)
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furring
a furlike coating of matter as on the tongue
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haematuria, hematuria
the presence of blood in the urine; often a symptom of urinary tract disease
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haemoglobinuria, hemoglobinuria
presence of hemoglobin in the urine
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haemosiderosis, hemosiderosis
abnormal deposit of hemosiderin; often a symptom of thalassemia or hemochromatosis
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nebula
cloudiness of the urine
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sneeze, sneezing, sternutation
a symptom consisting of the involuntary expulsion of air from the nose
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lump, puffiness, swelling
an abnormal protuberance or localized enlargement
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bubo
a lymph node that is inflamed and swollen because of plague or gonorrhea or tuberculosis
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palsy
a condition marked by uncontrollable tremor
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pyuria
presence of white blood cells in the urine; symptom of urinary tract infection
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hyperglycaemia, hyperglycemia
abnormally high blood sugar usually associated with diabetes
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hypoglycaemia, hypoglycemia
abnormally low blood sugar usually resulting from excessive insulin or a poor diet
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icterus, jaundice
yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes caused by an accumulation of bile pigment (bilirubin) in the blood; can be a symptom of gallstones or liver infection or anemia
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congestion
excessive accumulation of blood or other fluid in a body part
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eruption
symptom consisting of a breaking out and becoming visible
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numbness
partial or total lack of sensation in a part of the body; a symptom of nerve damage or dysfunction
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hurting, pain
a symptom of some physical hurt or disorder
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paraesthesia, paresthesia
abnormal skin sensations (as tingling or tickling or itching or burning) usually associated with peripheral nerve damage
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postnasal drip
chronic secretion of mucus from the rear of the nasal cavity into the nasopharynx
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cardiomegaly, enlarged heart, megacardia, megalocardia
an abnormal enlargement of the heart
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cardiac murmur, heart murmur, murmur
an abnormal sound of the heart; sometimes a sign of abnormal function of the heart valves
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palpitation
a rapid and irregular heart beat
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heartburn, pyrosis
a painful burning sensation in the chest caused by gastroesophageal reflux (backflow from the stomach irritating the esophagus); symptomatic of an ulcer or a diaphragmatic hernia or other disorder
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flush, hot flash
sudden brief sensation of heat (associated with menopause and some mental disorders)
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dyspepsia, indigestion, stomach upset, upset stomach
a disorder of digestive function characterized by discomfort or heartburn or nausea
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inflammation, redness, rubor
a response of body tissues to injury or irritation; characterized by pain and swelling and redness and heat
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chill, shivering
a sensation of cold that often marks the start of an infection and the development of a fever
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ague, chills and fever
successive stages of chills and fever that is a symptom of malaria
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cough, coughing
a sudden noisy expulsion of air from the lungs that clears the air passages; a common symptom of upper respiratory infection or bronchitis or pneumonia or tuberculosis
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hiccough, hiccup, singultus
(usually plural) the state of having reflex spasms of the diaphragm accompanied by a rapid closure of the glottis producing an audible sound; sometimes a symptom of indigestion
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meningism
symptoms that mimic those of meningitis but without inflammation of the meninges
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nausea, sickness
the state that precedes vomiting
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cramp, muscle spasm, spasm
a painful and involuntary muscular contraction
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cicatrice, cicatrix, scar
a mark left (usually on the skin) by the healing of injured tissue
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hardening
abnormal hardening or thickening of tissue
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floater, musca volitans, muscae volitantes, spots
spots before the eyes caused by opaque cell fragments in the vitreous humor and lens
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febricity, febrility, fever, feverishness, pyrexia
a rise in the temperature of the body; frequently a symptom of infection
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atrophy, wasting, wasting away
a decrease in size of an organ caused by disease or disuse
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apnea
transient cessation of respiration
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dyspnea, dyspnoea
difficult or labored respiration
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constipation, irregularity
irregular and infrequent or difficult evacuation of the bowels; can be a symptom of intestinal obstruction or diverticulitis
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diarrhea, diarrhoea, looseness, looseness of the bowels
frequent and watery bowel movements; can be a symptom of infection or food poisoning or colitis or a gastrointestinal tumor
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dizziness, giddiness, lightheadedness, vertigo
a reeling sensation; a feeling that you are about to fall
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anaemia, anemia
a lack of vitality
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wheeziness
presence of abnormal high-pitched sound heard with a stethoscope when an airway is blocked (as in asthma or chronic bronchitis)
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withdrawal symptom
any physical or psychological disturbance (as sweating or depression) experienced by a drug addict when deprived of the drug
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hydrophobia
a symptom of rabies in humans consisting of an aversion to swallowing liquids
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areflexia
absence of a reflex; a sign of possible nerve damage
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myoglobinuria
the presence of myoglobin in the urine
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oliguria
abnormally small production of urine; can be a symptom of kidney disease or obstruction of the urinary tract or edema or an imbalance of fluids and electrolytes in the body
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eosinophilia
a symptom of allergic states; increased eosinophils in the blood
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rhinorrhea
persistent watery mucus discharge from the nose (as in the common cold)
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steatorrhea
the presence of greater than normal amounts of fat in the feces which are frothy and foul smelling and floating; a symptom of disorders of fat metabolism and malabsorption syndrome
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stridor
a whistling sound when breathing (usually heard on inspiration); indicates obstruction of the trachea or larynx
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tinnitus
a ringing or booming sensation in one or both ears; a symptom of an ear infection or Meniere's disease
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uratemia
presence of abnormal amounts of uric acid salts in the blood; symptom of gout
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uraturia
presence of abnormally large amounts of uric acid in the urine; symptom of gout
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uricaciduria
presence of abnormal amounts of uric acid in the urine; symptom of gout
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spermatocele
a swelling on the epididymis or the testis; usually contains spermatozoa
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autism
(psychiatry) an abnormal absorption with the self; marked by communication disorders and short attention span and inability to treat others as people
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ADD, ADHD, MBD, attention deficit disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, hyperkinetic syndrome, minimal brain damage, minimal brain dysfunction
a condition (mostly in boys) characterized by behavioral and learning disorders
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amyotrophia, amyotrophy
progressive wasting of muscle tissues
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Graves' disease, exophthalmic goiter
exophthalmos occurring in association with goiter; hyperthyroidism with protrusion of the eyeballs
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tabes
wasting of the body during a chronic disease
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Horner's syndrome
a pattern of symptoms occurring as a result of damage to nerves in the cervical region of the spine (drooping eyelids and constricted pupils and absence of facial sweating)
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branched chain ketoaciduria, maple syrup urine disease
an inherited disorder of metabolism in which the urine has a odor characteristic of maple syrup; if untreated it can lead to mental retardation and death in early childhood
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kinetosis, motion sickness
the state of being dizzy or nauseated because of the motions that occur while traveling in or on a moving vehicle
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Kaposi's varicelliform eruption, eczema vaccinatum
a now rare complication of vaccinia superimposed on atopic dermatitis with high fever and generalized vesicles and papulovesicles
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adenitis
inflammation of a gland or lymph node
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alveolitis
inflammation of the alveoli in the lungs caused by inhaling dust; with repeated exposure the condition may become chronic
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alveolitis, dry socket
inflammation in the socket of a tooth; sometimes occurs after a tooth is extracted and a blood clot fails to form
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angiitis
inflammation of a blood vessel or lymph duct
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aortitis
inflammation of the aorta
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appendicitis
inflammation of the vermiform appendix
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arteritis
inflammation of an artery
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balanitis
inflammation of the head of the penis
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balanoposthitis
inflammation of both the head of the penis and the foreskin
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blepharitis
inflammation of the eyelids characterized by redness and swelling and dried crusts
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bursitis
inflammation of a bursa; frequently in the shoulder
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haematocyturia, hematocyturia
the presence of red blood cells in the urine
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fructosuria
the presence of levulose is the urine
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glucosuria
the presence of abnormally high levels of glucose in the urine
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Raynaud's sign, acrocyanosis
cyanosis of the extremities; can occur when a spasm of the blood vessels is caused by exposure to cold or by strong emotion
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primary amenorrhea
delay of menarche beyond age 18
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secondary amenorrhea
cessation of menstruation in a woman who had previously menstruated
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cervical disc syndrome, cervical root syndrome
an abnormal condition resulting from compression of spinal nerve roots in the neck region; involves neck pains and muscular weakness and paresthesia
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Chinese restaurant syndrome
headache and tingling or burning feelings and sweating caused by eating food that contains monosodium glutamate
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Conn's syndrome
disturbances in saltwater balance and symptoms of weakness and muscular cramps and twitching and convulsions and sometimes paralysis; usually caused by a benign tumor of the cortex of the adrenal gland that leads to excess secretion of aldosterone
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FAS, fetal alcohol syndrome
a congenital medical condition in which body deformation occurs or facial development or mental ability is impaired because the mother drinks alcohol during pregnancy
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Gulf War syndrome, Persian Gulf illness
a medical condition of uncertain origin that affected many veterans of the 1991 Gulf War; characterized by fatigue and headache and dizziness and nausea and rashes and joint pain and respiratory disorders
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Klinefelter syndrome, Klinefelter's syndrome, XXY-syndrome
syndrome in males that is characterized by small testes and long legs and enlarged breasts and reduced sperm production and mental retardation; a genetic defect in which an extra X chromosome (XXY) is present in the male
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malabsorption syndrome
a pattern of symptoms including loss of appetite and bloating and weight loss and muscle pain and steatorrhea; associated with celiac disease and sprue and cystic fibrosis
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Munchausen syndrome, Munchausen's syndrome
syndrome consisting of feigning acute and dramatic illness for which no clinical evidence is ever found
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nephrosis, nephrotic syndrome
a syndrome characterized by edema and large amounts of protein in the urine and usually increased blood cholesterol; usually associated with glomerulonephritis or with a complication of various systemic diseases
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Noonan's syndrome
syndrome seen only in males; marked by short stature and lowset ears and subnormal fertility
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phantom limb syndrome
syndrome consisting of discomfort or pain in a limb that has been amputated
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PMS, premenstrual syndrome
a syndrome that occurs in many women from 2 to 14 days before the onset of menstruation
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radiation, radiation sickness, radiation syndrome
syndrome resulting from exposure to ionizing radiation (e.g., exposure to radioactive chemicals or to nuclear explosions); low doses cause diarrhea and nausea and vomiting and sometimes loss of hair; greater exposure can cause sterility and cataracts and some forms of cancer and other diseases; severe exposure can cause death within hours
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Ramsay Hunt syndrome
syndrome resulting from infection by the herpes varicella zoster virus; characterized by vertigo and pain in the ears and facial nerve paralysis and sometimes hearing loss
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Reiter's disease, Reiter's syndrome
an inflammatory syndrome (etiology unknown) predominantly in males; characterized by arthritis and conjunctivitis and urethritis
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Ekbom syndrome, restless legs, restless legs syndrome
feeling of uneasiness and restlessness in the legs after going to bed (sometimes causing insomnia); may be relieved temporarily by walking or moving the legs
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Reye's syndrome
acquired encephalopathy following acute viral infections (especially influenza or chicken pox) in young children; characterized by fever, vomiting, disorientation, coma, and fatty infiltration of the liver
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scalenus syndrome
discomfort and vascular symptoms and loss of sensation in a shoulder and arm; caused by a scalene muscle compressing the subclavian artery and part of the brachial plexus
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apyretic tetanus, intermittent cramp, intermittent tetanus, tetanilla, tetany
clinical neurological syndrome characterized by muscular twitching and cramps and (when severe) seizures; associated with calcium deficiency (hypoparathyroidism) or vitamin D deficiency or alkalosis
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thoracic outlet syndrome
tingling sensations in the fingers; caused by compression on a nerve supplying the arm
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Tietze's syndrome
syndrome characterized by swelling of rib cartilage (causing pain)
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Gilles de la Tourette syndrome, Tourette's syndrome
neurological disorder characterized by facial grimaces and tics and movements of the upper body and grunts and shouts and coprolalia
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aftereffect
a delayed effect of a drug or therapy
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bummer
a bad reaction to a hallucinogenic drug
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side effect
a secondary and usually adverse effect of a drug or therapy
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abscessed tooth
an abscess of a common kind in the tissue around a tooth
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bloat
swelling of the rumen or intestinal tract of domestic animals caused by excessive gas
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bunion
a painful swelling of the bursa of the first joint of the big toe
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dropsy, edema, hydrops, oedema
swelling from excessive accumulation of watery fluid in cells, tissues, or serous cavities
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haematocele, haematocoele, hematocele, hematocoele
swelling caused by blood collecting in a body cavity (especially a swelling of the membrane covering the testis)
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intumescence, intumescency
swelling up with blood or other fluids (as with congestion)
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iridoncus
swelling of the iris of the eye
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lymphogranuloma
swelling of a lymph node
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oscheocele, oscheocoele
swelling of the scrotum
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tumidity, tumidness
slight swelling of an organ or part
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icterus neonatorum, jaundice of the newborn, physiological jaundice of the newborn
yellowish appearance in newborn infants; usually subsides spontaneously
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kernicterus
an abnormal accumulation of bile pigment in the brain and other nerve tissue; causes yellow staining and tissue damage
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hydrothorax
accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity (the space between the lungs and the walls of the chest) often resulting from disease of the heart or kidneys
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haemothorax, hemothorax
accumulation of blood in the pleural cavity (the space between the lungs and the walls of the chest)
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hyperaemia, hyperemia
increased blood in an organ or other body part
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pulmonary congestion
congestion in the lungs
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stuffiness
state of obstruction or stoppage or air in the nose or throat
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enanthem, enanthema
eruption on a mucous membrane (as the inside of the mouth) occurring as a symptom of a disease
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exanthem, exanthema, skin eruption
eruption on the skin occurring as a symptom of a disease
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efflorescence, rash, roseola, skin rash
any red eruption of the skin
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ache, aching
a dull persistent (usually moderately intense) pain
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agony, excruciation, suffering
a state of acute pain
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arthralgia
pain in a joint or joints
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formication
hallucinated sensation that insects or snakes are crawling over the skin; a common side-effect of extensive use of cocaine or amphetamines
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burn, burning
pain that feels hot as if it were on fire
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causalgia
a burning pain in a limb along the course of a peripheral nerve; usually associated with skin changes
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colic, gripes, griping, intestinal colic
acute abdominal pain (especially in infants)
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chest pain
pain in the chest
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chiralgia
a pain in the hand that is not traumatic
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distress
extreme physical pain
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dysmenorrhea
painful menstruation
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glossalgia, glossodynia
pain in the tongue
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growing pains
pain in muscles or joints sometimes experienced by children and often attributed to rapid growth
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haemorrhoid, hemorrhoid, piles
pain caused by venous swelling at or inside the anal sphincter
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keratalgia
pain in the cornea
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labor pain
pain and discomfort associated with contractions of the uterus during labor
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mastalgia
pain in the breast
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melagra
rheumatic or myalgic pains in the arms or legs
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meralgia
pain in the thigh
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metralgia
pain in the uterus
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myalgia, myodynia
pain in a muscle or group of muscles
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nephralgia
pain in the kidney (usually felt in the loins)
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neuralgia, neuralgy
acute spasmodic pain along the course of one or more nerves
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odynophagia
severe pain on swallowing due to a disorder of the esophagus
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orchidalgia
pain in the testes
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pang
a sharp spasm of pain
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pang, sting
a mental pain or distress
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photalgia, photophobia
pain in the eye resulting from exposure to bright light (often associated with albinism)
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costalgia, pleuralgia, pleurodynia
pain in the chest caused by inflammation of the muscles between the ribs
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podalgia
foot pain
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proctalgia
pain in the rectum
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referred pain
pain that is felt at a place in the body different from the injured or diseased part where the pain would be expected
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renal colic
sharp pain in the lower back that radiates into the groin; associated with the passage of a renal calculus through the ureter
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smart, smarting, smartness
a kind of pain such as that caused by a wound or a burn or a sore
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sting, stinging
a kind of pain; something as sudden and painful as being stung
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stitch
a sharp spasm of pain in the side resulting from running
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rawness, soreness, tenderness
a pain that is felt (as when the area is touched)
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thermalgesia
pain caused by heat
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throb
a deep pulsating type of pain
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torment, torture
unbearable physical pain
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ulalgia
pain in the gums
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urodynia
pain during urination
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systolic murmur
a murmur heard during systole
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carditis
inflammation of the heart
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catarrh
inflammation of the nose and throat with increased production of mucus
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cellulitis
an inflammation of body tissue (especially that below the skin) characterized by fever and swelling and redness and pain
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cervicitis
inflammation of the uterine cervix
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cheilitis
inflammation and cracking of the skin of the lips
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quartan
a malarial fever that recurs every fourth day
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cholangitis
inflammation of the bile ducts
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cholecystitis
inflammation of the gall bladder
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chorditis
inflammation of the vocal cords
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chorditis
inflammation of the spermatic cord
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colitis, inflammatory bowel disease
inflammation of the colon
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colpitis
inflammation of the vagina
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colpocystitis
inflammation of the vagina and bladder
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conjunctivitis, pinkeye
inflammation of the conjunctiva of the eye
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corditis
inflammation of the spermatic cord
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costochondritis
inflammation at the junction of a rib and its cartilage
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dacryocystitis
inflammation of the lacrimal sac causing obstruction of the tube draining tears into the nose
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diverticulitis
inflammation of a diverticulum in the digestive tract (especially the colon); characterized by painful abdominal cramping and fever and constipation
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cephalitis, encephalitis, phrenitis
inflammation of the brain usually caused by a virus; symptoms include headache and neck pain and drowsiness and nausea and fever (`phrenitis' is no longer in scientific use)
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encephalomyelitis
inflammation of the brain and spinal cord
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endarteritis
inflammation of the inner lining of an artery
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endocervicitis
inflammation of the mucous lining of the uterine cervix
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enteritis
inflammation of the intestine (especially the small intestine); usually characterized by diarrhea
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epicondylitis
painful inflammation of the muscles and soft tissues around an epicondyle
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epididymitis
painful inflammation of the epididymis
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epiglottitis
inflammation of the epiglottis; characterized by fever and a severe sore throat and difficulty in swallowing
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episcleritis
inflammation of the sclera of the eye
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esophagitis, oesophagitis
inflammation of the esophagus; often caused by gastroesophageal reflux
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fibrositis
inflammation of white fibrous tissues (especially muscle sheaths)
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fibromyositis
local inflammation of muscle and connective tissue
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folliculitis
inflammation of a hair follicle
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funiculitis
inflammation of a funiculus (especially an inflammation of the spermatic cord)
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gastritis
inflammation of the lining of the stomach; nausea and loss of appetite and discomfort after eating
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glossitis
inflammation of the tongue
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hydrarthrosis
inflammation and swelling of a movable joint because of excess synovial fluid
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ileitis
inflammation of the ileum
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iridocyclitis
inflammation of the iris and ciliary body of the eye
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iridokeratitis
inflammation of the iris and cornea of the eye
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iritis
inflammation of the iris
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jejunitis
inflammation of the jejunum of the small intestine
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jejunoileitis
inflammation of the jejunum and the ileum of the small intestine
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keratitis
inflammation of the cornea causing watery painful eyes and blurred vision
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keratoconjunctivitis
inflammation of the cornea and conjunctiva
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keratoiritis
inflammation of the cornea and the iris of the eye
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keratoscleritis
inflammation of the cornea and sclera of the eye
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founder, laminitis
inflammation of the laminated tissue that attaches the hoof to the foot of a horse
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laryngitis
inflammation of the mucous membrane of the larynx; characterized by hoarseness or loss of voice and coughing
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laryngopharyngitis
inflammation of the larynx and pharynx
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laryngotracheobronchitis
inflammation of the larynx and trachea and bronchial passageways
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lymphadenitis
inflammation of lymph nodes
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lymphangitis
inflammation of a lymph vessel
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mastitis
inflammation of a breast (or udder)
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mastoiditis
inflammation of the mastoid
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endometritis, metritis
inflammation of the lining of the uterus (of the endometrium)
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myelitis
inflammation of the spinal cord
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myositis
inflammation of muscle tissue
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myometritis
inflammation of the myometrium
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neuritis
inflammation of a nerve accompanied by pain and sometimes loss of function
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oophoritis
inflammation of one or both ovaries
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orchitis
inflammation of one or both testes; characterized by pain and swelling
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osteitis
inflammation of a bone as a consequence of infection or trauma or degeneration
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otitis
inflammation of the ear
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ovaritis
inflammation of the ovaries
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pancreatitis
inflammation of the pancreas; usually marked by abdominal pain
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parametritis
inflammation of connective tissue adjacent to the uterus
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parotitis
inflammation of one or both parotid glands
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peritoneal inflammation, peritonitis
inflammation of the peritoneum
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phalangitis
inflammation of a finger or toe
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phlebitis
inflammation of a vein (usually in the legs)
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pneumonitis
inflammation of the lungs; caused by a virus or an allergic reaction
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posthitis
inflammation of the foreskin of the penis; usually caused by bacterial infection
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proctitis
inflammation of the rectum; marked by bloody stools and a frequent urge to defecate; frequently associated with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis
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prostatitis
inflammation of the prostate gland characterized by perineal pain and irregular urination and (if severe) chills and fever
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rachitis
inflammation of the vertebral column
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radiculitis
inflammation of the radicle of a nerve
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retinitis
inflammation of the retina
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coryza, rhinitis
an inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the nose (usually associated with nasal discharge)
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sinusitis
inflammation of one of the paranasal sinuses
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salpingitis
inflammation of a Fallopian tube (usually the result of infection spreading from the vagina or uterus) or of a Eustachian tube
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scleritis
inflammation of the sclera
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sialadenitis
inflammation of the salivary glands
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splenitis
inflammation of the spleen
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spondylitis
inflammation of a spinal joint; characterized by pain and stiffness
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stomatitis
inflammation of the mucous membrane of the mouth
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synovitis
inflammation of the synovial membrane that lines a synovial joint; results in pain and swelling
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tarsitis
inflammation of the eyelid
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tendinitis, tendonitis, tenonitis
inflammation of a tendon
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thyroiditis
inflammation of the thyroid gland
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tonsillitis
inflammation of the tonsils (especially the palatine tonsils)
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tracheitis
inflammation of the trachea
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tracheobronchitis
common respiratory infection characterized by inflammation of the trachea and the bronchi
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tympanitis
inflammation of the inner ear
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ulitis
inflammation of the gums
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ureteritis
inflammation of the ureter
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uveitis
inflammation of the uvea of the eye
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uvulitis
inflammation of the uvula
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vaginitis
inflammation of the vagina (usually associated with candidiasis)
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valvulitis
inflammation of a valve (especially of a cardiac valve as a consequence of rheumatic fever)
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vasculitis
inflammation of a blood vessel
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vasovesiculitis
inflammation of the vas deferens and seminal vesicles; usually occurring with prostatitis
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vesiculitis
inflammation of a seminal vesicle (usually in conjunction with prostatitis)
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vulvitis
inflammation of the vulva
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vulvovaginitis
inflammation of the vulva and the vagina
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morning sickness
nausea early in the day; a characteristic symptom in the early months of pregnancy
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qualm, queasiness, squeamishness
a mild state of nausea
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charley horse, charley-horse
a muscular cramp (especially in the thigh or calf) following vigorous exercise
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graphospasm, writer's cramp
muscular spasms of thumb and forefinger while writing with a pen or pencil
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blepharospasm
spasm of the eyelid muscle resulting in closure of the eye
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crick, kink, rick, wrick
a painful muscle spasm especially in the neck or back (`rick' and `wrick' are British)
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myoclonus
a clonic spasm of a muscle or muscle group
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opisthotonos
severe spasm in which the back arches and the head bends back and heels flex toward the back
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twitch, twitching, vellication
a sudden muscle spasm; especially one caused by a nervous condition
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callus
bony tissue formed during the healing of a fractured bone
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cheloid, keloid
raised pinkish scar tissue at the site of an injury; results from excessive tissue repair
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pockmark
a scar or pit on the skin that is left by a pustule of smallpox or acne or other eruptive disease
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sword-cut
a scar from a cut made by a sword
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vaccination
the scar left following inoculation with a vaccine
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callosity, callus
an area of skin that is thick or hard from continual pressure or friction (as the sole of the foot)
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calcification
tissue hardened by deposition of lime salts
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hyperpyrexia
extremely high fever (especially in children)
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periodic apnea of the newborn
irregular breathing of newborns; periods of rapid breathing followed by apnea; believed to be associated with sudden infant death syndrome
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orthopnea
form of dyspnea in which the person can breathe comfortably only when standing or sitting erect; associated with asthma and emphysema and angina pectoris
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SOB, breathlessness, shortness of breath
a dyspneic condition
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sleep apnea
apnea that occurs during sleep
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dyschezia
difficulty in defecating (usually as a consequence of long continued voluntary suppression of the urge to defecate)
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fecal impaction
accumulation of hardened feces in the rectum or lower colon which the person cannot move
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obstipation
severe constipation resulting from an obstruction in the intestines
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Montezuma's revenge
diarrhea contracted in Mexico or Central America
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familial hypercholesterolemia
congenital disorder characterized by high levels of cholesterol and early development of atherosclerosis
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Fallot's syndrome, Fallot's tetralogy, tetralogy of Fallot
a congenital heart defect producing cyanosis; characterized by four symptoms: pulmonary stenosis and ventricular septal defect and malposition of the aorta over both ventricles and hypertrophy of the right ventricle
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TSS, toxic shock, toxic shock syndrome
syndrome resulting from a serious acute (sometimes fatal) infection associated with the presence of staphylococcus; characterized by fever and diarrhea and nausea and diffuse erythema and shock; occurs especially in menstruating women using highly absorbent tampons
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Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome
syndrome associated with bacterial meningitis; marked by sudden high fever and skin discoloration and petechiae with hemorrhage into the adrenal glands and cardiovascular collapse
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Williams syndrome
a rare congenital disorder associated with deletion of genetic material in chromosome 7; characterized by mental deficiency and some growth deficiency and elfin faces but an overly social personality and a remarkable gift for vocabulary
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Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
syndrome consisting of intractable peptic ulceration with gastric hypersecretion and hyperacidity
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shin splints
painful inflammation of the muscles around the shins; frequent among runners
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kraurosis
atrophy and shriveling of the skin or mucous membrane
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tenesmus
painful spasm of the anal sphincter along with an urgent desire to defecate without the significant production of feces; associated with irritable bowel syndrome
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trismus
prolonged spasm of the jaw muscles