herbaceous plant

Definitions of herbaceous plant
  1. noun
    a plant lacking a permanent woody stem; many are flowering garden plants or potherbs; some having medicinal properties; some are pests
    synonyms: herb
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    Epimedium grandiflorum, barrenwort, bishop's hat
    slow-growing creeping plant with semi-evergreen leaves on erect wiry stems; used as ground cover
    May apple, Podophyllum peltatum, mayapple, wild mandrake
    North American herb with poisonous root stock and edible though insipid fruit
    butter-flower, buttercup, butterflower, crowfoot, goldcup, kingcup
    any of various plants of the genus Ranunculus
    Coptis groenlandica, Coptis trifolia groenlandica, golden thread, goldthread
    low-growing perennial of North America woodlands having trifoliate leaves and yellow rootstock and white flowers
    Eranthis hyemalis, winter aconite
    small Old World perennial herb grown for its bright yellow flowers which appear in early spring often before snow is gone
    hepatica, liverleaf
    any of several plants of the genus Hepatica having three-lobed leaves and white or pinkish flowers in early spring; of moist and mossy subalpine woodland areas of north temperate regions
    Hydrastis Canadensis, golden seal, goldenseal, turmeric root, yellow root
    perennial herb of northeastern United States having a thick knotted yellow rootstock and large rounded leaves
    Isopyrum biternatum, false rue, false rue anemone
    slender erect perennial of eastern North America having tuberous roots and pink-tinged white flowers; resembles meadow rue
    Laccopetalum giganteum, giant buttercup
    spectacular perennial native of wet montane grasslands of Peru; formerly included in genus Ranunculus
    Trautvetteria carolinensis, false bugbane
    tall perennial of the eastern United States having large basal leaves and white summer flowers
    globe flower, globeflower
    any of several plants of the genus Trollius having globose yellow flowers
    legume, leguminous plant
    an erect or climbing bean or pea plant of the family Leguminosae
    clover, trefoil
    a plant of the genus Trifolium
    Cape periwinkle, Catharanthus roseus, Madagascar periwinkle, Vinca rosea, cayenne jasmine, old maid, periwinkle, red periwinkle, rose periwinkle
    commonly cultivated Old World woody herb having large pinkish to red flowers
    aroid, arum
    any plant of the family Araceae; have small flowers massed on a spadix surrounded by a large spathe
    Panax ginseng, Panax pseudoginseng, Panax schinseng, ginseng, nin-sin
    Chinese herb with palmately compound leaves and small greenish flowers and forked aromatic roots believed to have medicinal powers
    American ginseng, Panax quinquefolius, sang
    North American woodland herb similar to and used as substitute for the Chinese ginseng
    wild ginger
    low-growing perennial herb with pungent gingery leaves and rhizomes
    Asarum shuttleworthii, heart-leaf, heartleaf
    wild ginger having persistent heart-shaped pungent leaves; West Virginia to Alabama
    caryophyllaceous plant
    a plant of the family Caryophyllaceae
    chickweed, clammy chickweed, mouse ear, mouse eared chickweed, mouse-ear chickweed
    any of various plants related to the common chickweed
    drypis
    spiny-leaved perennial herb of southern Europe having terminal clusters of small flowers
    Illecebrum verticullatum, coral necklace
    glabrous annual with slender taproot and clusters of white flowers; western Europe especially western Mediterranean and Atlantic coastal areas
    chickweed
    any of various plants of the genus Stellaria
    New Zealand spinach, Tetragonia expansa, Tetragonia tetragonioides
    coarse sprawling Australasian plant with red or yellow flowers; cultivated for its edible young shoots and succulent leaves
    amaranth
    any of various plants of the genus Amaranthus having dense plumes of green or red flowers; often cultivated for food
    Amaranthus spinosus, thorny amaranth
    erect annual of tropical central Asia and Africa having a pair of divergent spines at most leaf nodes
    Celosia argentea, red fox
    weedy annual with spikes of silver-white flowers
    Celosia argentea cristata, Celosia cristata, cockscomb, common cockscomb
    garden annual with featherlike spikes of red or yellow flowers
    cottonweed
    any of various plants of the genus Froelichia found in sandy soils and on rocky slopes in warmer regions of America; grown for their spikes of woolly white flowers
    goosefoot
    any of various weeds of the genus Chenopodium having small greenish flowers
    orach, orache
    any of various herbaceous plants of the genus Atriplex that thrive in deserts and salt marshes
    Halogeton glomeratus, halogeton
    a coarse annual herb introduced into North America from Siberia; dangerous to sheep and cattle on western rangelands because of its high oxalate content
    Halogeton souda, barilla
    Algerian plant formerly burned to obtain calcium carbonate
    Salicornia europaea, glasswort, samphire
    fleshy maritime plant having fleshy stems with rudimentary scalelike leaves and small spikes of minute flowers; formerly used in making glass
    pokeweed
    perennial of the genus Phytolacca
    purslane
    a plant of the family Portulacaceae having fleshy succulent obovate leaves often grown as a potherb or salad herb; a weed in some areas
    rock purslane
    a plant of the genus Calandrinia
    Indian lettuce
    a plant of the genus Montia having edible pleasant-tasting leaves
    cleome, spiderflower
    any of various often strong-smelling plants of the genus Cleome having showy spider-shaped flowers
    Polanisia dodecandra, Polanisia graveolens, clammyweed
    strong-scented herb common in southern United States covered with intermixed gland and hairs
    crucifer, cruciferous plant
    any of various plants of the family Cruciferae
    stone cress, stonecress
    any Old World herb of the genus Aethionema; native of sunny limestone habitats
    Armoracia rusticana, horse radish, horseradish, red cole
    coarse Eurasian plant cultivated for its thick white pungent root
    Berteroa incana, hoary alison, hoary alyssum
    tall European annual with downy grey-green foliage and dense heads of small white flowers followed by hairy pods; naturalized in North America; sometimes a troublesome weed
    Cakile maritima, sea-rocket
    salt-tolerant seashore annual grown for its fragrant rose or violet flowers and fleshy grey-green foliage
    Crambe maritima, sea cole, sea kale
    perennial of coastal sands and shingles of northern Europe and Baltic and Black Seas having racemes of small white flowers and large fleshy blue-green leaves often used as potherbs
    Descurainia pinnata, tansy mustard
    North American herb with bitter-tasting pinnate leaves resembling those of tansy
    Diplotaxis muralis, Diplotaxis tenuifolia, wall rocket
    yellow-flowered European plant that grows on old walls and in waste places; an adventive weed in North America
    Diplotaxis erucoides, white rocket
    from Mediterranean region; a naturalized weed throughout southern Europe
    draba
    any of numerous low-growing cushion-forming plants of the genus Draba having rosette-forming leaves and terminal racemes of small flowers with scapose or leafy stems; fruit is a dehiscent oblong or linear silique
    Eruca sativa, Eruca vesicaria sativa, arugula, garden rocket, rocket, rocket salad, roquette
    erect European annual often grown as a salad crop to be harvested when young and tender
    Hugueninia tanacetifolia, Sisymbrium tanacetifolia, tansy-leaved rocket
    perennial stellate and hairy herb with small yellow flowers of mountains of southern Europe; sometimes placed in genus Sisymbrium
    woad
    any of several herbs of the genus Isatis
    bladderpod
    any of several hairy North American herbs having yellow racemose flowers and inflated pods
    Lunaria annua, honesty, money plant, satin flower, satinpod, silver dollar
    southeastern European plant cultivated for its fragrant purplish flowers and round flat papery silver-white seedpods that are used for indoor decoration
    bladderpod
    any of several plants of the genus Physaria having racemose yellow flowers and inflated pods
    Lepidium alpina, Pritzelago alpina, chamois cress
    small tufted perennial herb of mountains of central and southern Europe having very small flowers of usually leafless stems; sometimes placed in genus Lepidium
    Sisymbrium officinale, hedge mustard
    stiffly branching Old World annual with pale yellow flowers; widely naturalized in North America; formerly used medicinally
    fringepod, lacepod
    annual herb having pinnatifid basal leaves and slender racemes of small white flowers followed by one-seeded winged silicles
    bladderpod
    annual or perennial herbs with inflated seed pods; some placed in genus Lesquerella
    wasabi
    a Japanese plant of the family Cruciferae with a thick green root
    argemone, devil's fig, prickly poppy, white thistle
    any plant of the genus Argemone having large white or yellow flowers and prickly leaves and stems and pods; chiefly of tropical America
    Sanguinaria canadensis, bloodroot, puccoon, redroot, tetterwort
    perennial woodland native of North America having a red root and red sap and bearing a solitary lobed leaf and white flower in early spring and having acrid emetic properties; rootstock used as a stimulant and expectorant
    Fumaria officinalis, fumeroot, fumewort, fumitory
    delicate European herb with greyish leaves and spikes of purplish flowers; formerly used medicinally
    Dicentra spectabilis, bleeding heart, lyre-flower, lyreflower
    garden plant having deep-pink drooping heart-shaped flowers
    Dicentra cucullaria, Dutchman's breeches
    delicate spring-flowering plant of the eastern United States having white flowers with double spurs
    Dicentra canadensis, squirrel corn
    American plant with cream-colored flowers and tuberous roots resembling kernels of corn
    achillea
    any of several plants of the genus Achillea native to Europe and having small white flowers in flat-topped flower heads
    Ageratina altissima, Eupatorium rugosum, white sanicle, white snakeroot
    American herb having flat-topped clusters of small white flower heads; reputedly a cause of trembles and milk sickness; sometimes placed in genus Eupatorium
    Anacyclus pyrethrum, pellitory, pellitory-of-Spain
    a small Mediterranean plant containing a volatile oil once used to relieve toothache
    andryala
    any plant of the genus Andryala having milky sap and heads of bright yellow flowers
    Antennaria plantaginifolia, ladies' tobacco, lady's tobacco
    North American perennial propagated by means of runners
    Antennaria dioica, cat's feet, cat's foot, pussytoes
    low-growing perennial herb having leaves with whitish down and clusters of small white flowers
    arnica
    any of various rhizomatous usually perennial plants of the genus Arnica
    Arnoseris minima, dwarf nipplewort, lamb succory
    small European herb with small yellow flowers
    Ayapana triplinervis, Eupatorium aya-pana, ayapana
    low spreading tropical American shrub with long slender leaves used to make a mildly stimulating drink resembling tea; sometimes placed in genus Eupatorium
    balsamroot
    a plant of the genus Balsamorhiza having downy leaves in a basal rosette and yellow flowers and long balsam-scented taproots
    Indian plantain
    any of various plants of the genus Cacalia having leaves resembling those of plantain
    Carthamus tinctorius, false saffron, safflower
    thistlelike Eurasian plant widely grown for its red or orange flower heads and seeds that yield a valuable oil
    Anthemis nobilis, Chamaemelum nobilis, camomile, chamomile
    Eurasian plant with apple-scented foliage and white-rayed flowers and feathery leaves used medicinally; in some classification systems placed in genus Anthemis
    chaenactis
    any of several United States plants having long stalks of funnel-shaped white or yellow flowers
    Cichorium intybus, chicory, chicory plant, succory
    perennial Old World herb having rayed flower heads with blue florets cultivated for its root and its heads of crisp edible leaves used in salads
    Cichorium endivia, endive, witloof
    widely cultivated herb with leaves valued as salad green; either curly serrated leaves or broad flat ones that are usually blanched
    coreopsis, tick-weed, tickseed, tickweed
    any of numerous plants of the genus Coreopsis having a profusion of showy usually yellow daisylike flowers over long periods; North and South America
    leopard's-bane, leopardbane
    any of several herbs of the genus Doronicum having alternate often clasping stem leaves cultivated for their long stalks of yellow flower heads
    globe thistle
    any of various plants of the genus Echinops having prickly leaves and dense globose heads of bluish flowers
    elephant's-foot
    any plant of the genus Elephantopus having heads of blue or purple flowers; America
    Cacalia javanica, Cacalia lutea, Emilia coccinea, Emilia flammea, Emilia javanica, tassel flower
    tropical African annual having scarlet tassel-shaped flower heads; sometimes placed in genus Cacalia
    Emilia sagitta, tassel flower
    tropical Asiatic annual cultivated for its small tassel-shaped heads of scarlet flowers
    Eupatorium cannabinum, hemp agrimony
    coarse European herb with palmately divided leaves and clusters of small reddish-purple flower heads
    Eupatorium capillifolium, dog fennel
    weedy plant of southeastern United States having divided leaves and long clusters of greenish flowers
    Eupatorium maculatum, Joe-Pye weed, spotted Joe-Pye weed
    North American herb having whorled leaves and terminal clusters of small pinkish or purple flower heads
    Eupatorium perfoliatum, agueweed, boneset, thoroughwort
    perennial herb of southeastern United States having white-rayed flower heads; formerly used as in folk medicine
    Eupatorium purpureum, Joe-Pye weed, marsh milkweed, purple boneset, trumpet weed
    North American herb having whorled leaves and terminal clusters of flowers spotted with purple
    gum plant, gumweed, rosinweed, tarweed
    any of various western American plants of the genus Grindelia having resinous leaves and stems formerly used medicinally; often poisonous to livestock
    Haastia pulvinaris, sheep plant, vegetable sheep
    cushion-forming New Zealand herb having leaves densely covered with tawny hairs
    sneezeweed
    any of various plants of the genus Helenium characteristically causing sneezing
    hawkweed
    any of numerous often hairy plants of the genus Hieracium having yellow or orange flowers that resemble the dandelion
    Homogyne alpina, Tussilago alpina, alpine coltsfoot
    rhizomatous herb with purple-red flowers suitable for groundcover; sometimes placed in genus Tussilago
    inula
    any plant of the genus Inula
    krigia
    any small branched yellow-flowered North American herb of the genus Krigia
    lettuce
    any of various plants of the genus Lactuca
    leopard plant
    any of various plants of temperate Eurasia; grown for their yellow flowers and handsome foliage
    tarweed
    any of various resinous glandular plants of the genus Madia; of western North and South America
    German chamomile, Matricaria chamomilla, Matricaria recutita, sweet false chamomile, wild chamomile
    annual Eurasian herb similar in fragrance and medicinal uses to chamomile though taste is more bitter and effect is considered inferior
    Matricaria matricarioides, pineapple weed, rayless chamomile
    annual aromatic weed of Pacific coastal areas (United States and northeastern Asia) having bristle-pointed leaves and rayless yellow flowers
    rattlesnake root
    a plant of the genus Nabalus
    Nabalus serpentarius, Prenanthes serpentaria, gall of the earth, lion's foot
    common perennial herb widely distributed in the southern and eastern United States having drooping clusters of pinkish flowers and thick basal leaves suggesting a lion's foot in shape; sometimes placed in genus Prenanthes
    butterweed
    any of several yellow-flowered plants of the genus Packera; often placed in genus Senecio
    Packera aurea, Senecio aureus, golden groundsel, golden ragwort
    weedy herb of the eastern United States to Texas having golden-yellow flowers; sometimes becomes invasive; sometimes placed in genus Senecio
    Petasites hybridus, Petasites vulgaris, bog rhubarb, butterbur
    small Eurasian herb having broad leaves and lilac-pink rayless flowers; found in moist areas
    Petasites fragrans, sweet coltsfoot, winter heliotrope
    European herb with vanilla-scented white-pink flowers
    Petasites sagitattus, sweet coltsfoot
    American sweet-scented herb
    hawkweed
    any of various plants of the genus Pilosella
    stevia
    any plant of the genus Piqueria or the closely related genus Stevia
    Prenanthes purpurea, rattlesnake root
    herb of central and southern Europe having purple florets
    Pteropogon humboltianum, pteropogon
    southern Australian plant having feathery hairs surrounding the fruit
    Pulicaria dysenterica, feabane mullet, fleabane
    hairy perennial Eurasian herb with yellow daisylike flowers reputed to destroy or drive away fleas
    Raoulia australis, Raoulia lutescens, sheep plant, vegetable sheep
    perennial prostrate mat-forming herb with hoary woolly foliage
    Sanvitalia procumbens, creeping zinnia
    low-branching leafy annual with flower heads resembling zinnias; found in southwestern United States and Mexico to Guatemala
    Saussurea costus, Saussurea lappa, costusroot
    annual herb of the eastern Himalayas (Kashmir) having purple florets and a fragrant root that yields a volatile oil used in perfumery and for preserving furs
    Scorzonera hispanica, black salsify, scorzonera, viper's grass
    perennial south European herb having narrow entire leaves and solitary yellow flower heads and long black edible roots shaped like carrots
    Serratula tinctoria, sawwort
    European perennial whose serrate leaves yield a yellow dye
    Our Lady's mild thistle, Silybum marianum, blessed thistle, holy thistle, lady's thistle, milk thistle
    tall Old World biennial thistle with large clasping white-blotched leaves and purple flower heads; naturalized in California and South America
    stevia
    any plant of the genus Stevia or the closely related genus Piqueria having glutinous foliage and white or purplish flowers; Central and South America
    Chrysanthemum balsamita, Tanacetum balsamita, alecost, balsam herb, bible leaf, costmary, mint geranium
    tansy-scented Eurasian perennial herb with buttonlike yellow flowers; used as potherb or salad green and sometimes for potpourri or tea or flavoring; sometimes placed in genus Chrysanthemum
    Tanacetum camphoratum, camphor dune tansy
    densely hairy plant with rayless flowers; San Francisco Bay area
    Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium, Dalmatia pyrethrum, Dalmatian pyrethrum, Tanacetum cinerariifolium, pyrethrum
    white-flowered pyrethrum of Balkan area whose pinnate leaves are white and silky-hairy below; source of an insecticide; sometimes placed in genus Chrysanthemum
    Chrysanthemum parthenium, Tanacetum parthenium, feverfew
    bushy aromatic European perennial herb having clusters of buttonlike white-rayed flower heads; valued traditionally for medicinal uses; sometimes placed in genus Chrysanthemum
    blowball, dandelion
    any of several herbs of the genus Taraxacum having long tap roots and deeply notched leaves and bright yellow flowers followed by fluffy seed balls
    Tragopogon porrifolius, oyster plant, salsify, vegetable oyster
    Mediterranean biennial herb with long-stemmed heads of purple ray flowers and milky sap and long edible root; naturalized throughout United States
    Trilisa odoratissima, wild vanilla
    perennial of southeastern United States with leaves having the fragrance of vanilla
    Matricaria inodorum, Tripleurospermum inodorum, corn mayweed, scentless camomile, scentless false camomile, scentless hayweed, scentless mayweed
    ubiquitous European annual weed with white flowers and finely divided leaves naturalized and sometimes cultivated in eastern North America; sometimes included in genus Matricaria
    Matricaria oreades, Tripleurospermum oreades tchihatchewii, turfing daisy
    mat-forming perennial herb of Asia Minor; sometimes included in genus Matricaria
    Matricaria tchihatchewii, Tripleurospermum tchihatchewii, turfing daisy
    low densely tufted perennial herb of Turkey having small white flowers; used as a ground cover in dry places; sometimes included in genus Matricaria
    Tussilago farfara, coltsfoot
    perennial herb with large rounded leaves resembling a colt's foot and yellow flowers appearing before the leaves do; native to Europe but now nearly cosmopolitan; used medicinally especially formerly
    ironweed, vernonia
    any of various plants of the genus Vernonia of tropical and warm regions of especially North America that take their name from their loose heads of purple to rose flowers that quickly take on a rusty hue
    loasa
    any of various perennial South American plants of the genus Loasa having stinging hairs and showy white or yellow or reddish-orange flowers
    bellflower, campanula
    any of various plants of the genus Campanula having blue or white bell-shaped flowers
    primrose, primula
    any of numerous short-stemmed plants of the genus Primula having tufted basal leaves and showy flowers clustered in umbels or heads
    pimpernel
    any of several plants of the genus Anagallis
    Glaux maritima, black saltwort, sea milkwort, sea trifoly
    a small fleshy herb common along North American seashores and in brackish marshes having pink or white flowers
    loosestrife
    any of various herbs and subshrubs of the genus Lysimachia
    plumbago
    any plumbaginaceous plant of the genus Plumbago
    graminaceous plant, gramineous plant
    cosmopolitan herbaceous or woody plants with hollow jointed stems and long narrow leaves
    herbage, pasturage
    succulent herbaceous vegetation of pasture land
    bur reed
    marsh plant having elongated linear leaves and round prickly fruit
    lobelia
    any plant or flower of the genus Lobelia
    Abelmoschus esculentus, Hibiscus esculentus, gumbo, lady's-finger, okra, okra plant
    tall coarse annual of Old World tropics widely cultivated in southern United States and West Indies for its long mucilaginous green pods used as basis for soups and stews; sometimes placed in genus Hibiscus
    vegetable
    any of various herbaceous plants cultivated for an edible part such as the fruit or the root of the beet or the leaf of spinach or the seeds of bean plants or the flower buds of broccoli or cauliflower
    simple
    any herbaceous plant having medicinal properties
    Galax urceolata, beetleweed, coltsfoot, galax, galaxy, wandflower
    tufted evergreen perennial herb having spikes of tiny white flowers and glossy green round to heart-shaped leaves that become coppery to maroon or purplish in fall
    pyrola, wintergreen
    any of several evergreen perennials of the genus Pyrola
    pipsissewa, prince's pine
    any of several plants of the genus Chimaphila
    Moneses uniflora, Pyrola uniflora, one-flowered pyrola, one-flowered wintergreen
    delicate evergreen dwarf herb of north temperate regions having a solitary white terminal flower; sometimes placed in genus Pyrola
    American columbo, American gentian, columbo, deer's-ear, deer's-ears, pyramid plant
    any of various tall perennial herbs constituting the genus Frasera; widely distributed in warm dry upland areas of California, Oregon, and Washington
    Frasera speciosa, Swertia speciosa, green gentian
    tall herb with panicles of white flowers flushed with green; northwestern United States; sometimes placed in genus Swertia
    Swertia perennia, marsh felwort
    perennial of damp places in mountains of Eurasia and North America having dull-colored blue or violet flowers
    bloodwort
    any of various plants of the family Haemodoraceae; roots contain a deep red coloring matter
    Anigozanthus manglesii, Australian sword lily, kangaroo paw, kangaroo's paw, kangaroo's-foot, kangaroo-foot plant
    sedgelike spring-flowering herb having clustered flowers covered with woolly hairs; Australia
    willowherb
    a plant of the genus Epilobium having pink or yellow flowers and seeds with silky hairs
    evening primrose
    any of several plants of the family Onagraceae
    canna
    any plant of the genus Canna having large sheathing leaves and clusters of large showy flowers
    maranta
    any of numerous herbs of the genus Maranta having tuberous starchy roots and large sheathing leaves
    banana, banana tree
    any of several tropical and subtropical treelike herbs of the genus Musa having a terminal crown of large entire leaves and usually bearing hanging clusters of elongated fruits
    Abyssinian banana, Ensete ventricosum, Ethiopian banana, Musa ensete
    large evergreen arborescent herb having huge paddle-shaped leaves and bearing inedible fruit that resemble bananas but edible young flower shoots; sometimes placed in genus Musa
    Strelitzia reginae, bird of paradise
    ornamental plant of tropical South Africa and South America having stalks of orange and purplish-blue flowers resembling a bird
    ginger
    perennial plants having thick branching aromatic rhizomes and leafy reedlike stems
    Curcuma domestica, Curcuma longa, turmeric
    widely cultivated tropical plant of India having yellow flowers and a large aromatic deep yellow rhizome; source of a condiment and a yellow dye
    Aframomum melegueta, Guinea grains, Guinea pepper, grains of paradise, melagueta pepper
    West African plant bearing pungent peppery seeds
    Elettaria cardamomum, cardamom, cardamon
    rhizomatous herb of India having aromatic seeds used as seasoning
    reseda
    any plant of the genus Reseda
    viola
    any of the numerous plants of the genus Viola
    bog hemp, false nettle
    any of several flowering weeds of the genus Boehmeria lacking stinging hairs
    Parietaria difussa, pellitory, pellitory-of-the-wall, wall pellitory
    herb that grows in crevices having long narrow leaves and small pink apetalous flowers
    flame flower, flame-flower, flameflower, kniphofia, tritoma
    a plant of the genus Kniphofia having long grasslike leaves and tall scapes of red or yellow drooping flowers
    Asparagus officinales, asparagus, edible asparagus
    plant whose succulent young shoots are cooked and eaten as a vegetable
    Asparagus plumosus, Asparagus setaceous, asparagus fern
    a fernlike plant native to South Africa
    Aspidistra elatio, aspidistra, bar-room plant, cast-iron plant
    evergreen perennial with large handsome basal leaves; grown primarily as a foliage houseplant
    Bowiea volubilis, climbing onion
    much-branched leafless twining South African herb cultivated as an ornamental for its bright green stems growing from large aboveground bulbs
    day lily, plantain lily
    any of numerous perennials having mounds of sumptuous broad ribbed leaves and clusters of white, blue, or lilac flowers; used as ground cover
    Paris quadrifolia, herb Paris
    European herb with yellow-green flowers resembling and closely related to the trilliums; reputed to be poisonous
    Indian arrowroot, Tacca leontopetaloides, Tacca pinnatifida, pia
    perennial herb of East Indies to Polynesia and Australia; cultivated for its large edible root yielding Otaheite arrowroot starch
    flax
    plant of the genus Linum that is cultivated for its seeds and for the fibers of its stem
    Cassia marilandica, Senna marilandica, wild senna
    North American perennial herb; leaves are used medicinally; sometimes placed in genus Cassia
    Anthyllis vulneraria, kidney vetch
    perennial Eurasian herb having heads of red or yellow flowers and common in meadows and pastures; formerly used medicinally for kidney disorders
    crotalaria, rattlebox
    any of various plants of the genus Crotalaria having inflated pods within which the seeds rattle; used for pasture and green-manure crops
    Desmanthus ilinoensis, prairie mimosa, prickle-weed
    perennial herb of North American prairies having dense heads of small white flowers
    Galega officinalis, goat rue, goat's rue
    tall bushy European perennial grown for its pinnate foliage and slender spikes of blue flowers; sometimes used medicinally
    Glycyrrhiza glabra, licorice, liquorice
    deep-rooted coarse-textured plant native to the Mediterranean region having blue flowers and pinnately compound leaves; widely cultivated in Europe for its long thick sweet roots
    American licorice, American liquorice, Glycyrrhiza lepidota, wild licorice, wild liquorice
    North American plant similar to true licorice and having a root with similar properties
    Lotus tetragonolobus, asparagus pea, winged pea
    sprawling European annual having a 4-winged edible pod
    medic, medick, trefoil
    any of several Old World herbs of the genus Medicago having small flowers and trifoliate compound leaves
    Onobrychis viciaefolia, Onobrychis viciifolia, esparcet, holy clover, sainfoin, sanfoin
    Eurasian perennial herb having pale pink flowers and curved pods; naturalized in Britain and North America grasslands on calcareous soils; important forage crop and source of honey in Britain
    Parochetus communis, shamrock pea
    trailing trifoliate Asiatic and African herb having cobalt blue flowers
    Indian breadroot, Psoralea esculenta, breadroot, pomme blanche, pomme de prairie
    densely hairy perennial of central North America having edible tuberous roots
    bush pea
    any of various plants of the genus Thermopsis having trifoliate leaves and yellow or purple racemose flowers
    Trigonella ornithopodioides, bird's foot trefoil
    Old World herb related to fenugreek
    Greek clover, Trigonella foenumgraecum, fenugreek
    annual herb or southern Europe and eastern Asia having off-white flowers and aromatic seeds used medicinally and in curry
    plantain
    any of numerous plants of the genus Plantago; mostly small roadside or dooryard weeds with elliptic leaves and small spikes of very small flowers; seeds of some used medicinally
    Fagopyrum esculentum, Polygonum fagopyrum, buckwheat
    a member of the genus Fagopyrum; annual Asian plant with clusters of small pinkish white flowers and small edible triangular seeds which are used whole or ground into flour
    rhubarb, rhubarb plant
    plants having long green or reddish acidic leafstalks growing in basal clumps; stems (and only the stems) are edible when cooked; leaves are poisonous
    dock, sorrel, sour grass
    any of certain coarse weedy plants with long taproots, sometimes used as table greens or in folk medicine
    dayflower, spiderwort
    any plant of the family Commelinaceae
    Ananas comosus, pineapple, pineapple plant
    a tropical American plant bearing a large fleshy edible fruit with a terminal tuft of stiff leaves; widely cultivated in the tropics
    agrimonia, agrimony
    a plant of the genus Agrimonia having spikelike clusters of small yellow flowers
    strawberry
    any of various low perennial herbs with many runners and bearing white flowers followed by edible fruits having many small achenes scattered on the surface of an enlarged red pulpy berry
    Poterium sanguisorba, burnet bloodwort, pimpernel, salad burnet
    European garden herb with purple-tinged flowers and leaves that are sometimes used for salads
    bedstraw
    any of several plants of the genus Galium
    Triostium perfoliatum, feverroot, horse gentian, tinker's root, wild coffee
    coarse weedy American perennial herb with large usually perfoliate leaves and purple or dull red flowers
    teasel, teasle, teazel
    any of several herbs of the genus Dipsacus native to the Old World having flower heads surrounded by spiny bracts
    Impatiens capensis, celandine, jewelweed, lady's earrings, orange balsam, touch-me-not
    North American annual plant with usually yellow or orange flowers; grows chiefly on wet rather acid soil
    geranium
    any of numerous plants of the family Geraniaceae
    oxalis, sorrel, wood sorrel
    any plant or flower of the genus Oxalis
    Ruta graveolens, herb of grace, rue
    European strong-scented perennial herb with grey-green bitter-tasting leaves; an irritant similar to poison ivy
    Dictamnus alba, burning bush, dittany, fraxinella, gas plant
    Eurasian perennial herb with white flowers that emit flammable vapor in hot weather
    nasturtium
    any tropical American plant of the genus Tropaeolum having pungent juice and long-spurred yellow to red flowers
    carnivorous plant
    plants adapted to attract and capture and digest primarily insects but also other small animals
    Australian pitcher plant, Cephalotus follicularis
    a carnivorous perennial herb having a green pitcher and hinged lid both with red edges; western Australia
    sedum
    any of various plants of the genus Sedum
    breakstone, rockfoil, saxifrage
    any of various plants of the genus Saxifraga
    astilbe
    any plant of the genus Astilbe having compound leaves and showy panicles of tiny colorful flowers
    bergenia
    any plant of the genus Bergenia; valued as an evergreen ground cover and for the spring blossoms
    Darmera peltata, Indian rhubarb, Peltiphyllum peltatum, umbrella plant
    rhizomatous perennial herb with large dramatic peltate leaves and white to bright pink flowers in round heads on leafless stems; colonizes stream banks in the Sierra Nevada in California
    alumbloom, alumroot
    any of several herbs of the genus Heuchera
    bishop's cap, miterwort, mitrewort
    any of various rhizomatous perennial herbs of the genus Mitella having a capsule resembling a bishop's miter
    suksdorfia
    any of several American plants of the genus Suksdorfia having orbicular to kidney-shaped somewhat succulent leaves and white or rose or violet flowers in terminal panicles
    Tiarella cordifolia, coolwart, false miterwort, false mitrewort, foamflower
    stoloniferous white-flowered spring-blooming woodland plant
    Tolmiea menziesii, pickaback plant, piggyback plant, youth-on-age
    vigorous perennial herb with flowers in erect racemes and having young plants develop at the junction of a leaf blade and the leafstalk
    polemonium
    any plant of the genus Polemonium; most are low-growing often foul-smelling plants of temperate to Arctic regions
    phlox
    any polemoniaceous plant of the genus Phlox; chiefly North American; cultivated for their clusters of flowers
    acanthus
    any plant of the genus Acanthus having large spiny leaves and spikes or white or purplish flowers; native to Mediterranean region but widely cultivated
    Borago officinalis, borage, tailwort
    hairy blue-flowered European annual herb long used in herbal medicine and eaten raw as salad greens or cooked like spinach
    Amsinckia intermedia, common amsinckia
    annual of western United States with coiled spikes of yellow-orange coiled flowers
    Amsinckia grandiflora, large-flowered fiddleneck
    annual of the western United States having large coiled flower spikes; a threatened species
    anchusa
    any of various Old World herbs of the genus Anchusa having one-sided clusters of trumpet-shaped flowers
    Chinese forget-me-not, Cynoglossum amabile
    biennial east Asian herb grown for its usually bright blue flowers
    Cynoglossum officinale, hound's-tongue
    biennial shrub of Europe and western Asia having coarse tongue-shaped leaves and dark reddish-purple flowers
    Cynoglossum virginaticum, hound's-tongue
    perennial shrub of North America having coarse tongue-shaped leaves and pale-blue to purple flowers
    Echium vulgare, blue devil, blue thistle, blueweed, viper's bugloss
    a coarse prickly European weed with spikes of blue flowers; naturalized in United States
    stickweed
    any of several herbaceous plants having seeds that cling to clothing
    Lithospermum officinale, gromwell
    European perennial branching plant; occurs in hedgerows and at the edge of woodlands
    Lithospermum caroliniense, puccoon
    perennial plant of eastern North America having hairy foliage yielding a red or yellow pigment
    Indian paint, Lithospermum canescens, hoary puccoon
    perennial North American plant with greyish hairy foliage yielding a red or yellow pigment
    Mertensia virginica, Virginia bluebell, Virginia cowslip
    smooth erect herb of eastern North America having entire leaves and showy blue flowers that are pink in bud
    Myosotis sylvatica, garden forget-me-not
    small biennial to perennial herb of Europe, northern Africa and western Asia having blue, purple or white flowers
    Myosotis scorpiodes, forget-me-not, mouse ear
    small perennial herb having bright blue or white flowers
    false gromwell
    any of several North American perennial herbs with hairy foliage and small yellowish or greenish flowers
    comfrey, cumfrey
    perennial herbs of Europe and Iran; make rapidly growing groundcover for shaded areas
    gesneria
    any plant of the genus Gesneria
    waterleaf
    any of several plants of the genus Hydrophyllum
    California yellow bells, Emmanthe penduliflora, whispering bells, yellow bells
    viscid herb of arid or desert habitats of southwestern United States having pendulous yellow flowers
    nemophila
    any plant of the genus Nemophila
    Nemophila menziesii, baby blue-eyes
    delicate California annual having blue flowers marked with dark spots
    Nemophila aurita, Pholistoma auritum, fiesta flower
    straggling California annual herb with deep purple or violet flowers; sometimes placed in genus Nemophila
    Acinos arvensis, Satureja acinos, basil balm, basil thyme, mother of thyme
    fragrant European mint having clusters of small violet-and-white flowers; naturalized especially in eastern North America
    giant hyssop
    any of a number of aromatic plants of the genus Agastache
    bugle, bugleweed
    any of various low-growing annual or perennial evergreen herbs native to Eurasia; used for ground cover
    Ballota nigra, black archangel, black horehound, fetid horehound, stinking horehound
    ill-smelling European herb with rugose leaves and whorls of dark purple flowers
    wood mint
    American herb of genus Blephilia with more or less hairy leaves and clusters of purplish or bluish flowers
    calamint
    perennial aromatic herbs growing in hedgerows or scrub or open woodlands from western Europe to central Asia and in North America
    Clinopodium vulgare, Satureja vulgaris, cushion calamint, wild basil
    aromatic herb having heads of small pink or whitish flowers; widely distributed in United States, Europe and Asia
    Collinsonia canadensis, horse balm, horseweed, richweed, stone root, stone-root, stoneroot
    erect perennial strong-scented with serrate pointed leaves and a loose panicle of yellowish flowers; the eastern United States
    coleus, flame nettle
    any of various Old World tropical plants of the genus Coleus having multicolored decorative leaves and spikes of blue flowers
    Dracocephalum parviflorum, dragon's head, dragonhead
    American herb having sharply serrate lanceolate leaves and spikes of blue to violet flowers
    elsholtzia
    any of various aromatic herbs of the genus Elsholtzia having blue or purple flowers in one-sided spikes
    Galeopsis tetrahit, dead nettle, hemp nettle
    coarse bristly Eurasian plant with white or reddish flowers and foliage resembling that of a nettle; common as a weed in United States
    American pennyroyal, Hedeoma pulegioides, pennyroyal
    erect hairy branching American herb having purple-blue flowers; yields an essential oil used as an insect repellent and sometimes in folk medicine
    Hyssopus officinalis, hyssop
    a European mint with aromatic and pungent leaves used in perfumery and as a seasoning in cookery; often cultivated as a remedy for bruises; yields hyssop oil
    dead nettle
    any of various plants of the genus Lamium having clusters of small usually purplish flowers with two lips
    Cape dagga, Leonotis leonurus, dagga, red dagga, wilde dagga
    relatively nontoxic South African herb smoked like tobacco
    Leonotis nepetaefolia, Leonotis nepetifolia, lion's-ear
    pantropical herb having whorls of striking lipped flowers; naturalized in United States
    Leonurus cardiaca, motherwort
    bitter Old World herb of hedgerows and woodland margins having toothed leaves and white or pale pink flowers
    Lycopus virginicus, bugleweed
    a mildly narcotic and astringent aromatic herb having small whitish flowers; eastern United States
    Lycopus americanus, water horehound
    aromatic perennial herb of United States
    Lycopus europaeus, gipsywort, gypsywort
    hairy Eurasian herb with two-lipped white flowers
    origanum
    any of various fragrant aromatic herbs of the genus Origanum used as seasonings
    horehound
    any of various aromatic herbs of the genus Marrubium
    Melissa officinalis, bee balm, beebalm, garden balm, lemon balm, sweet balm
    bushy perennial Old World mint having small white or yellowish flowers and fragrant lemon-flavored leaves; a garden escapee in northern Europe and North America
    mint
    any north temperate plant of the genus Mentha with aromatic leaves and small mauve flowers
    Micromeria chamissonis, Micromeria douglasii, Satureja douglasii, yerba buena
    trailing perennial evergreen herb of northwestern United States with small white flowers; used medicinally
    Micromeria juliana, savory
    dwarf aromatic shrub of Mediterranean regions
    Molucella laevis, bells of Ireland, molucca balm
    aromatic annual with a tall stems of small whitish flowers enclosed in a greatly enlarged saucer-shaped or bell-shaped calyx
    monarda, wild bergamot
    any of various aromatic herbs of the genus Monarda
    Monardella lanceolata, mustang mint
    fragrant California annual herb having lanceolate leaves and clusters of rose-purple flowers
    Nepeta cataria, catmint, catnip
    hairy aromatic perennial herb having whorls of small white purple-spotted flowers in a terminal spike; used in the past as a domestic remedy; strongly attractive to cats
    basil
    any of several Old World tropical aromatic annual or perennial herbs of the genus Ocimum
    Perilla frutescens crispa, beefsteak plant
    plant grown for its ornamental red or purple foliage
    physostegia
    any of various plants of the genus Physostegia having sessile linear to oblong leaves and showy white or rose or lavender flowers
    Prunella vulgaris, heal all, self-heal
    decumbent blue-flowered European perennial thought to possess healing properties; naturalized throughout North America
    mountain mint
    any of a number of perennial herbs of the genus Pycnanthemum; eastern North America and California
    Rosmarinus officinalis, rosemary
    widely cultivated for its fragrant grey-green leaves used in cooking and in perfumery
    sage, salvia
    any of various plants of the genus Salvia; a cosmopolitan herb
    savory
    any of several aromatic herbs or subshrubs of the genus Satureja having spikes of flowers attractive to bees
    helmetflower, skullcap
    a herbaceous plant of the genus Scutellaria which has a calyx that, when inverted, resembles a helmet with its visor raised
    Scutellaria lateriflora, blue pimpernel, blue skullcap, mad-dog skullcap, mad-dog weed
    an American mint that yields a resinous exudate used especially formerly as an antispasmodic
    Stachys sylvatica, dead nettle, hedge nettle
    foul-smelling perennial Eurasiatic herb with a green creeping rhizome
    Stachys palustris, hedge nettle
    perennial herb with an odorless rhizome widespread in moist places in northern hemisphere
    thyme
    any of various mints of the genus Thymus
    Martynia annua, martynia
    sprawling annual or perennial herb of Central America and West Indies having creamy-white to red-purple bell-shaped flowers followed by unusual horned fruit
    Sesamum indicum, benne, benni, benny, sesame
    East Indian annual erect herb; source of sesame seed or benniseed and sesame oil
    Proboscidea louisianica, common devil's claw, common unicorn plant, devil's claw, elephant-tusk, proboscis flower, ram's horn
    annual of southern United States to Mexico having large whitish or yellowish flowers mottled with purple and a long curving beak
    Martynia arenaria, Proboscidea arenaria, sand devil's claw
    alternatively placed in genus Martynia
    Martynia fragrans, Proboscidea fragrans, sweet unicorn plant
    a herbaceous plant of the genus Proboscidea
    Aureolaria pedicularia, Gerardia pedicularia, false foxglove
    multi-stemmed North American annual having solitary axillary dark golden-yellow flowers resembling those of the foxglove; sometimes placed in genus Gerardia
    Aureolaria virginica, Gerardia virginica, false foxglove
    sparsely branched North American perennial with terminal racemes of bright yellow flowers resembling those of the foxglove; sometimes placed in genus Gerardia
    digitalis, foxglove
    any of several plants of the genus Digitalis
    flannel leaf, mullein, velvet plant
    any of various plants of the genus Verbascum having large usually woolly leaves and terminal spikes of yellow or white or purplish flowers
    Solanum melongena, aubergine, brinjal, eggplant, eggplant bush, garden egg, mad apple
    hairy upright herb native to southeastern Asia but widely cultivated for its large glossy edible fruit commonly used as a vegetable
    Atropa belladonna, belladonna, belladonna plant, deadly nightshade
    perennial Eurasian herb with reddish bell-shaped flowers and shining black berries; extensively grown in United States; roots and leaves yield atropine
    Hyoscyamus niger, black henbane, henbane, stinking nightshade
    poisonous fetid Old World herb having sticky hairy leaves and yellow-brown flowers; yields hyoscyamine and scopolamine
    Egyptian henbane, Hyoscyamus muticus
    poisonous herb whose leaves are a source of hyoscyamine
    Lycopersicon esculentum, love apple, tomato, tomato plant
    native to South America; widely cultivated in many varieties
    Mandragora officinarum, devil's apples, mandrake
    a plant of southern Europe and North Africa having purple flowers, yellow fruits and a forked root formerly thought to have magical powers
    Nicandra physaloides, apple of Peru, shoo fly
    coarse South American herb grown for its blue-and-white flowers followed by a bladderlike fruit enclosing a dry berry
    tobacco, tobacco plant
    aromatic annual or perennial herbs and shrubs
    cupflower, nierembergia
    any of various plants of the genus Nierembergia having upturned bell-shaped flowers
    ground cherry, husk tomato
    any of numerous cosmopolitan annual or perennial herbs of the genus Physalis bearing edible fleshy berries enclosed in a bladderlike husk; some cultivated for their flowers
    salpiglossis
    any plant of the genus Salpiglossis
    Scopolia carniolica
    herb that is a source of scopolamine
    Mercurialis annua, boys-and-girls, herb mercury, herbs mercury
    Eurafrican annual naturalized in America as a weed; formerly dried for use as a purgative, diuretic or antisyphilitic
    Mercurialis perennis, dog mercury, dog's mercury
    European perennial weedy plant with greenish flowers
    Cnidoscolus urens, Jatropha stimulosus, Jatropha urens, devil nettle, pica-pica, spurge nettle, tread-softly
    a stinging herb of tropical America
    umbellifer, umbelliferous plant
    any of numerous aromatic herbs of the family Umbelliferae
    Anethum graveolens, dill
    aromatic Old World herb having aromatic threadlike foliage and seeds used as seasoning
    angelica, angelique
    any of various tall and stout herbs of the genus Angelica having pinnately compound leaves and small white or greenish flowers in compound umbels
    Anthriscus cereifolium, beaked parsley, chervil
    aromatic annual Old World herb cultivated for its finely divided and often curly leaves for use especially in soups and salads
    Anthriscus sylvestris, cow parsley, wild chervil
    coarse erect biennial Old World herb introduced as a weed in eastern North America
    Apium graveolens, wild celery
    herb of Europe and temperate Asia
    Apium graveolens dulce, celery, cultivated celery
    widely cultivated herb with aromatic leaf stalks that are eaten raw or cooked
    Apium graveolens rapaceum, celeriac, celery root, knob celery, root celery, turnip-rooted celery
    grown for its thickened edible aromatic root
    astrantia, masterwort
    any plant of the genus Astrantia
    Carum carvi, caraway
    a Eurasian plant with small white flowers yielding caraway seed
    Conopodium denudatum, earthnut
    a common European plant having edible tubers with the flavor of roasted chestnuts
    Chinese parsley, Coriandrum sativum, cilantro, coriander, coriander plant
    Old World herb with aromatic leaves and seed resembling parsley
    Cuminum cyminum, cumin
    dwarf Mediterranean annual long cultivated for its aromatic seeds
    Daucus carota sativa, carrot, cultivated carrot
    perennial plant widely cultivated as an annual in many varieties for its long conical orange edible roots; temperate and tropical regions
    Eryngium aquaticum, button snakeroot
    coarse prickly perennial eryngo with aromatic roots; southeastern United States; often confused with rattlesnake master
    fennel
    any of several aromatic herbs having edible seeds and leaves and stems
    Heracleum sphondylium, cow parsnip, hogweed
    tall coarse plant having thick stems and cluster of white to purple flowers
    Levisticum officinale, lovage
    herb native to southern Europe; cultivated for its edible stalks and foliage and seeds
    Myrrhis odorata, sweet cicely
    European herb with soft ferny leaves and white flowers
    Pastinaca sativa, parsnip
    a strong-scented plant cultivated for its edible root
    Petroselinum crispum, parsley
    annual or perennial herb with aromatic leaves
    Pimpinella anisum, anise, anise plant
    native to Egypt but cultivated widely for its aromatic seeds and the oil from them used medicinally and as a flavoring in cookery
    sanicle, snakeroot
    a plant of the genus Sanicula having palmately compound leaves and unisexual flowers in panicled umbels followed by bristly fruit; reputed to have healing powers
    moon carrot, stone parsley
    any plant of the genus Seseli having dense umbels of small white or pink flowers and finely divided foliage
    Sison amomum, stone parsley
    a slender roadside herb of western Europe and Mediterranean areas that has foliage resembling parsley and has white flowers with aromatic seeds
    Alexander, Alexanders, Smyrnium olusatrum, black lovage, horse parsley
    European herb somewhat resembling celery widely naturalized in Britain coastal regions and often cultivated as a potherb
    corn salad
    a plant of the genus Valerianella
    wort
    usually used in combination: `liverwort'; `milkwort'; `whorlywort'
    peperomia
    any of various plants of the genus Peperomia; grown primarily for their often succulent foliage
    Anemopsis californica, yerba mansa
    stoloniferous herb of southwestern United States and Mexico having a pungent rootstock and small spicate flowers with white bracts suggesting an anemone
    asclepiad
    any plant of the family Asclepiadaceae
    milkweed, silkweed
    any of numerous plants of the genus Asclepias having milky juice and pods that split open releasing seeds with downy tufts
    carrion flower, stapelia, starfish flower
    any of various plants of the genus Stapelia having succulent leafless toothed stems resembling cacti and large foul-smelling (often star-shaped) flowers
    Ranunculus acris, meadow buttercup, tall buttercup, tall crowfoot, tall field buttercup
    perennial European buttercup with yellow spring flowers widely naturalized especially in eastern North America
    Ranunculus bulbosus, common buttercup
    perennial Old World buttercup with golden to sulphur yellow flowers in late spring to early summer; naturalized in North America
    Mount Cook lily, Ranunculus lyalii, mountain lily
    showy white-flowered perennial of New Zealand
    Ranunculus occidentalis, western buttercup
    perennial of western North America
    Ranunculus repens, creeping buttercup, creeping crowfoot
    perennial European herb with long creeping stolons
    Ranunculus sceleratus, celery-leaved buttercup, cursed crowfoot
    annual herb growing in marshy places
    Arachis hypogaea, peanut, peanut vine
    widely cultivated American plant cultivated in tropical and warm regions; showy yellow flowers on stalks that bend over to the soil so that seed pods ripen underground
    Trifolium alpinum, alpine clover
    European mountain clover with fragrant usually pink flowers
    Trifolium dubium, hop clover, lesser yellow trefoil, shamrock
    clover native to Ireland with yellowish flowers; often considered the true or original shamrock
    Italian clover, Trifolium incarnatum, crimson clover
    southern European annual with spiky heads of crimson flower; extensively cultivated in United States for forage
    Trifolium pratense, purple clover, red clover
    erect to decumbent short-lived perennial having red-purple to pink flowers; the most commonly grown forage clover
    Trifolium reflexum, Trifolium stoloniferum, buffalo clover
    clover of western United States
    Trifolium repens, dutch clover, shamrock, white clover
    creeping European clover having white to pink flowers and bright green leaves; naturalized in United States; widely grown for forage
    Arum maculatum, cuckoopint, jack-in-the-pulpit, lords-and-ladies
    common European arum with lanceolate spathe and short purple spadix; emerges in early spring; source of a starch called arum
    Arum palaestinum, black calla
    ornamental plant of Middle East cultivated for its dark purple spathe
    alocasia, elephant ear, elephant's ear
    any plant of the genus Alocasia having large showy basal leaves and boat-shaped spathe and reddish berries
    amorphophallus
    any plant of the genus Amorphophallus
    Amorphophallus campanulatus, Amorphophallus paeonifolius, elephant yam, pungapung, telingo potato
    putrid-smelling aroid of southeastern Asia (especially the Philippines) grown for its edible tuber
    Amorphophallus rivieri, devil's tongue, snake palm, umbrella arum
    foul-smelling somewhat fleshy tropical plant of southeastern Asia cultivated for its edible corms or in the greenhouse for its large leaves and showy dark red spathe surrounding a large spadix
    Amorphophallus titanum, krubi, titan arum
    malodorous tropical plant having a spathe that resembles the corolla of a morning glory and attains a diameter of several feet
    Arisaema atrorubens, Arisaema triphyllum, Indian turnip, jack-in-the-pulpit, wake-robin
    common American spring-flowering woodland herb having sheathing leaves and an upright club-shaped spadix with overarching green and purple spathe producing scarlet berries
    Arisaema dracontium, green dragon
    early spring-flowering plant of eastern North America resembling the related jack-in-the-pulpit but having digitate leaves, slender greenish yellow spathe and elongated spadix
    Arisarum vulgare, friar's-cowl
    tuberous perennial having a cowl-shaped maroon or violet-black spathe; Mediterranean; Canaries; Azores
    caladium
    any plant of the genus Caladium cultivated for their ornamental foliage variously patterned in white or pink or red
    Colocasia esculenta, dalo, dasheen, taro, taro plant
    herb of the Pacific islands grown throughout the tropics for its edible root and in temperate areas as an ornamental for its large glossy leaves
    Dieffenbachia sequine, dumb cane, mother-in-law plant, mother-in-law's tongue
    an evergreen plant with large showy dark green leaves; contains a poison that swells the tongue and throat hence the name
    dracontium
    any plant of the genus Dracontium; strongly malodorous tropical American plants usually with gigantic leaves
    Dracunculus vulgaris, dragon arum, green dragon
    European arum resembling the cuckoopint
    nephthytis
    any plant of the genus Nephthytis
    Xanthosoma atrovirens, Xanthosoma sagittifolium, malanga, spoonflower, tannia, yautia
    tropical American aroid having edible tubers that are cooked and eaten like yams or potatoes
    Asarum canadense, Canada ginger, black snakeroot
    deciduous low-growing perennial of Canada and eastern and central United States
    Asarum virginicum, heart-leaf, heartleaf
    evergreen low-growing perennial having mottled green and silvery-grey heart-shaped pungent leaves; Virginia to South Carolina
    Asarum europaeum, asarabacca
    thick creeping evergreen herb of western Europe
    Cerastium arvense, field chickweed, field mouse-ear
    densely tufted perennial chickweed of north temperate zone
    Cerastium tomentosum, love-in-a-mist, snow-in-summer
    chickweed with hairy silver-grey leaves and rather large white flowers
    Alpine mouse-ear, Arctic mouse-ear, Cerastium alpinum
    widespread in the Arctic and on mountains in Europe
    Stellaria media, common chickweed
    a common low-growing annual garden weed with small white flowers; cosmopolitan; so-called because it is eaten by chickens
    Stellaria holostea, greater stitchwort, starwort, stitchwort
    low-growing north temperate herb having small white star-shaped flowers; named for its alleged ability to ease sharp pains in the side
    Amaranthus albus, Amaranthus graecizans, tumbleweed
    bushy plant of western United States
    Amaranthus caudatus, love-lies-bleeding, tassel flower, velvet flower
    young leaves widely used as leaf vegetables; seeds used as cereal
    Amaranthus cruentus, Amaranthus hybridus erythrostachys, Amaranthus hybridus hypochondriacus, gentleman's-cane, prince's-feather, prince's-plume, purple amaranth, red amaranth
    tall showy tropical American annual having hairy stems and long spikes of usually red flowers above leaves deeply flushed with purple; seeds often used as cereal
    Amaranthus hypochondriacus, pigweed
    leaves sometimes used as potherbs; seeds used as cereal; southern United States to Central America; India and China
    Chenopodium album, lamb's-quarters, pigweed, wild spinach
    common weedy European plant introduced into North America; often used as a potherb
    American wormseed, Chenopodium ambrosioides, Mexican tea, Spanish tea, wormseed
    rank-smelling tropical American pigweed
    Chenopodium bonus-henricus, allgood, fat hen, good-king-henry, wild spinach
    European plant naturalized in North America; often collected from the wild as a potherb
    Atriplex mexicana, Chenopodium botrys, Jerusalem oak, Mexican tea, feather geranium
    Eurasian aromatic oak-leaved goosefoot with many yellow-green flowers; naturalized North America
    Chenopodium capitatum, Indian paint, strawberry blite, strawberry pigweed
    European annual with clusters of greenish flowers followed by red pulpy berrylike fruit; naturalized North America
    Chenopodium glaucum, oak-leaved goosefoot, oakleaf goosefoot
    annual European plant with spikes of greenish flowers and leaves that are white and hairy on the underside; common as a weed in North America
    Chenopodium hybridum, red goosefoot, sowbane
    herb considered fatal to swine
    Chenopodium murale, nettle-leaved goosefoot, nettleleaf goosefoot
    European annual with coarsely dentate leaves; widespread in United States and southern Canada
    Chenopodium rubrum, French spinach, red goosefoot
    common Eurasian weed; naturalized in United States
    Chenopodium vulvaria, stinking goosefoot
    European goosefoot with strong-scented foliage; adventive in eastern North America
    Atriplex hortensis, garden orache, mountain spinach
    Asiatic plant resembling spinach often used as a potherb; naturalized in Europe and North America
    Beta vulgaris, beet, common beet
    biennial Eurasian plant usually having a swollen edible root; widely cultivated as a food crop
    Spinacia oleracea, prickly-seeded spinach, spinach, spinach plant
    southwestern Asian plant widely cultivated for its succulent edible dark green leaves
    Indian poke, Phytolacca acinosa
    pokeweed of southeastern Asia and China
    Phytolacca americana, garget, pigeon berry, poke, scoke
    tall coarse perennial American herb having small white flowers followed by blackish-red berries on long drooping racemes; young fleshy stems are edible; berries and root are poisonous
    Phytolacca dioica, bella sombra, ombu
    fast-growing herbaceous evergreen tree of South America having a broad trunk with high water content and dark green oval leaves
    Portulaca oleracea, common purslane, pussley, pussly, verdolagas
    weedy trailing mat-forming herb with bright yellow flowers cultivated for its edible mildly acid leaves eaten raw or cooked especially in Indian and Greek and Middle Eastern cuisine; cosmopolitan
    Montia cordifolia, broad-leaved montia
    succulent plant with mostly basal leaves; stem bears 1 pair of broadly ovate or heart-shaped leaves and a loose raceme of 3-10 white flowers; western North America
    Montia lamprosperma, blinking chickweed, blinks, water chickweed
    small Indian lettuce of northern regions
    Montia chamissoi, toad lily
    a floating or creeping Indian lettuce having terminal racemes of pale rose flowers; wet areas at high elevations of western North America
    Cuban spinach, Montia perfoliata, miner's lettuce, winter purslane
    succulent herb sometimes grown as a salad or pot herb; grows on dunes and waste ground of Pacific coast of North America
    Cleome hassleriana, spider flower, spider plant
    native to South America but naturalized in warm parts of United States; grown for its long-lasting spider-shaped white to pink-purple flowers
    Cleome serrulata, Rocky Mountain bee plant, stinking clover
    plant of western North America having trifoliate leaves and white or pink spider-shaped flowers; sometimes used as an ornamental
    cress, cress plant
    any of various plants of the family Cruciferae with edible leaves that have a pungent taste
    Alliaria officinalis, garlic mustard, hedge garlic, jack-by-the-hedge, sauce-alone
    European herb that smells like garlic
    alyssum, madwort
    any garden plant of the genus Alyssum having clusters of small yellow or white flowers
    Anastatica hierochuntica, resurrection plant, rose of Jericho
    small grey Asiatic desert plant bearing minute white flowers that rolls up when dry and expands when moist
    Brassica oleracea, wild cabbage
    wild original of cultivated cabbages; common in western coastal Europe
    Brassica oleracea, cabbage, cultivated cabbage
    any of various cultivars of the genus Brassica oleracea grown for their edible leaves or flowers
    Brassica oleracea gemmifera, brussels sprout
    plant grown for its stout stalks of edible small green heads resembling diminutive cabbages
    Brassica oleracea botrytis, cauliflower
    a plant having a large edible head of crowded white flower buds
    Brassica oleracea italica, broccoli
    plant with dense clusters of tight green flower buds
    Brassica oleracea acephala, borecole, cole, colewort, kail, kale
    a hardy cabbage with coarse curly leaves that do not form a head
    Brassica oleracea gongylodes, kohlrabi
    plant cultivated for its enlarged fleshy turnip-shaped edible stem
    turnip plant
    any of several widely cultivated plants having edible roots
    Brassica rapa ruvo, broccoli raab, broccoli rabe
    plant grown for its pungent edible leafy shoots
    mustard
    any of several cruciferous plants of the genus Brassica
    Brassica rapa pekinensis, Chinese cabbage, celery cabbage, napa, pe-tsai
    plant with an elongated head of broad stalked leaves resembling celery; used as a vegetable in east Asia
    Brassica rapa chinensis, Chinese white cabbage, bok choi, bok choy, pak choi, pakchoi
    Asiatic plant grown for its cluster of edible white stalks with dark green leaves
    Brassica perviridis, Brassica rapa perviridis, spinach mustard, tendergreen
    Asiatic plant cultivated for its swollen root crown and edible foliage
    Camelina sativa, gold of pleasure
    annual European false flax having small white flowers; cultivated since Neolithic times as a source of fiber and for its oil-rich seeds; widely naturalized in North America
    Capsella bursa-pastoris, shepherd's pouch, shepherd's purse
    white-flowered annual European herb bearing triangular notched pods; nearly cosmopolitan as an introduced weed
    Draba verna, shad-flower, shadflower, whitlow grass
    annual weed of Europe and North America having a rosette of basal leaves and tiny flowers followed by oblong seed capsules
    Isatis tinctoria, dyer's woad
    European biennial formerly grown for the blue coloring matter yielded by its leaves
    radish, radish plant
    a cruciferous plant of the genus Raphanus having a pungent edible root
    Stephanomeria malheurensis, malheur wire lettuce
    a small plant of Oregon resembling mustard; a threatened species
    Argemone mexicana, Mexican poppy
    annual herb with prickly stems and large yellow flowers; southern United States to West Indies and Mexico
    Achillea millefolium, milfoil, yarrow
    ubiquitous strong-scented mat-forming Eurasian herb of wasteland, hedgerow or pasture having narrow serrate leaves and small usually white florets; widely naturalized in North America
    Achillea ptarmica, sneezeweed yarrow, sneezewort
    Eurasian herb having loose heads of button-shaped white flowers and long grey-green leaves that cause sneezing when powdered
    plantain-leaved pussytoes
    a variety of pussytoes
    field pussytoes
    a variety of pussytoes
    solitary pussytoes
    a variety of pussytoes
    mountain everlasting
    a variety of cat's foot
    Coreopsis gigantea, giant coreopsis
    large treelike shrub having feathery leaves and clusters of large yellow flower heads; coastal southern California
    Coreopsis maritima, sea dahlia
    stout herb with flowers one to a stalk; ornamental developed from a Mexican wildflower
    Coreopsis tinctoria, calliopsis
    North American annual widely cultivated for its yellow flowers with purple-red to brownish centers; in some classifications placed in a subgenus Calliopsis
    Cynara scolymus, artichoke, artichoke plant, globe artichoke
    Mediterranean thistlelike plant widely cultivated for its large edible flower head
    Cynara cardunculus, cardoon
    southern European plant having spiny leaves and purple flowers cultivated for its edible leafstalks and roots
    Grindelia robusta
    perennial gumweed of California and Baja California
    Grindelia squarrosa, curlycup gumweed
    perennial gumweed of western and central North America
    Helenium autumnale, autumn sneezeweed
    North American perennial with bright yellow late summer flowers
    Helenium hoopesii, orange sneezeweed, owlclaws
    stout perennial herb of western United States having flower heads with drooping orange-yellow rays; causes spewing sickness in sheep
    Helenium puberulum, rosilla
    a sneezeweed of southwestern United States especially southern California
    Hieracium venosum, rattlesnake weed
    a hawkweed with a rosette of purple-veined basal leaves; Canada to northern Georgia and Kentucky
    Inula helenium, elecampane
    tall coarse Eurasian herb having daisylike yellow flowers with narrow petals whose rhizomatous roots are used medicinally
    Krigia bulbosa, Krigia dandelion, dwarf dandelion
    small yellow-flowered herb resembling dandelions of central and southeastern United States
    Lactuca sativa, common lettuce, garden lettuce
    annual or perennial garden plant having succulent leaves used in salads; widely grown
    Lactuca sativa longifolia, cos lettuce, romaine lettuce
    lettuce with long dark-green spoon-shaped leaves
    Lactuca sativa capitata, head lettuce
    distinguished by leaves arranged in a dense rosette that develop into a compact ball
    Lactuca sativa crispa, leaf lettuce
    distinguished by leaves having curled or incised leaves forming a loose rosette that does not develop into a compact head
    Lactuca sativa asparagina, celtuce, stem lettuce
    lettuce valued especially for its edible stems
    Chile tarweed, Madia sativa, madia oil plant, melosa
    South American herb with sticky glandular foliage; source of madia oil
    Nabalus alba, Prenanthes alba, cankerweed, white lettuce
    herb of northeastern North America having drooping clusters of yellowish-white flowers; sometimes placed in genus Prenanthes
    Hieracium pilocella, Pilosella officinarum, mouse-ear hawkweed
    European hawkweed having soft hairy leaves; sometimes placed in genus Hieracium
    Taraxacum officinale, Taraxacum ruderalia, common dandelion
    Eurasian plant widely naturalized as a weed in North America; used as salad greens and to make wine
    Russian dandelion, Taraxacum kok-saghyz, kok-saghyz, kok-sagyz
    perennial dandelion native to Kazakhstan cultivated for its fleshy roots that have high rubber content
    Campanula rotundifolia, bluebell, harebell
    perennial of northern hemisphere with slender stems and bell-shaped blue flowers
    Campanula rapunculoides, creeping bellflower
    erect European herb with creeping rootstocks and nodding spikelike racemes of blue to violet flowers
    Campanula medium, Canterbury bell, cup and saucer
    European biennial widely cultivated for its blue or violet or white flowers
    Campanula divaricata, southern harebell
    bellflower of southeastern United States (Maryland to Georgia) having pale blue flowers
    Campanula americana, tall bellflower
    annual or perennial of eastern North America with long spikes of blue or white flowers
    Campanula aparinoides, marsh bellflower
    bellflower common in marshes of eastern North America having lanceolate linear leaves and small whitish flowers
    Campanula glomerata, clustered bellflower
    bellflower of Europe to temperate Asia having dense spikes of violet-blue to white flowers
    Campanula persicifolia, peach bell, peach bells, willow bell
    perennial European bellflower with racemose white or blue flowers
    Campanula pyramidalis, chimney bellflower, chimney plant
    bellflower of southeastern Europe
    Campanula rapunculus, rampion, rampion bellflower
    bellflower of Europe and Asia and North Africa having bluish flowers and an edible tuberous root used with the leaves in salad
    Campanula trachelium, nettle-leaved bellflower, throatwort
    European bellflower with blue-purple to lilac flowers formerly used to treat sore throat
    Campanula carpatica, spreading bellflower, tussock bellflower
    European perennial bellflower that grows in clumps with spreading stems and blue or white flowers
    English primrose, Primula vulgaris
    plant of western and southern Europe widely cultivated for its pale yellow flowers
    Primula veris, cowslip, paigle
    early spring flower common in British isles having fragrant yellow or sometimes purple flowers
    Primula elatior, oxlip, paigle
    Eurasian primrose with yellow flowers clustered in a one-sided umbel
    Chinese primrose, Primula sinensis
    cultivated Asiatic primrose
    Primula auricula, auricula, bear's ear
    yellow-flowered primrose native to Alps; commonly cultivated
    Primula polyantha, polyanthus
    florists' primroses; considered a complex hybrid derived from oxlip, cowslip, and common primrose
    Anagallis arvensis, poor man's weatherglass, red pimpernel, scarlet pimpernel
    herb with scarlet or white or purple blossoms that close at approach of rainy weather
    Anagallis tenella, bog pimpernel
    small creeping European herb having delicate pink flowers
    Lysimachia clethroides Duby, gooseneck loosestrife
    a variety of the loosestrife herb
    Lysimachia nemorum, yellow pimpernel
    trailing European evergreen with yellow flowers
    Lysimachia ciliatum, fringed loosestrife
    of North America
    Lysimachia nummularia, creeping Charlie, creeping Jenny, moneywort
    a loosestrife vine
    Lysimachia vulgaris, garden loosestrife, yellow loosestrife
    frequently considered a weed; Europe and Asia
    Lysimachia terrestris, swamp candles
    North American plant with spikes of yellow flowers, found in wet places
    Lysimachia quadrifolia, whorled loosestrife
    common North American yellow-flowered plant
    grass
    narrow-leaved green herbage: grown as lawns; used as pasture for grazing animals; cut and dried as hay
    Saccharum officinarum, sugar cane, sugarcane
    tall tropical southeast Asian grass having stout fibrous jointed stalks; sap is a chief source of sugar
    reed
    tall woody perennial grasses with hollow slender stems especially of the genera Arundo and Phragmites
    bamboo
    woody tropical grass having hollow woody stems; mature canes used for construction and furniture
    Indian pink, Lobelia cardinalis, cardinal flower
    North American lobelia having brilliant red flowers
    Indian tobacco, Lobelia inflata, bladderpod
    North American wild lobelia having small blue flowers and inflated capsules formerly used as an antispasmodic
    Lobelia dortmanna, water lobelia
    erect perennial aquatic herb of Europe and North America having submerged spongy leaves and pendulous racemes of blue flowers above the water
    Lobelia siphilitica, blue cardinal flower, great lobelia
    tall erect and very leafy perennial herb of eastern North America having dense spikes of blue flowers
    Pyrola americana, Pyrola rotundifolia americana, false wintergreen
    evergreen of eastern North America with leathery leaves and numerous white flowers
    Pyrola minor, lesser wintergreen
    the common wintergreen having many-flowered racemes of pink-tinged white flowers; Europe and North America
    Pyrola elliptica, shinleaf, wild lily of the valley
    North American evergreen with small pinkish bell-shaped flowers and oblong leaves used formerly for shinplasters
    Pyrola rotundifolia, wild lily of the valley
    evergreen with rounded leaves and very fragrant creamy-white flowers; widely distributed in northern parts of Old and New Worlds
    Chimaphila corymbosa, Chimaphila umbellata, love-in-winter, western prince's pine
    Eurasian herb with white or pinkish flowers in a terminal corymb
    enchanter's nightshade
    any of several erect perennial rhizomatous herbs of the genus Circaea having white flowers that open at dawn; northern hemisphere
    Epilobium angustifolium, fireweed, giant willowherb, rosebay willowherb, wickup
    tall North American perennial with creeping rootstocks and narrow leaves and spikes of pinkish-purple flowers occurring in great abundance in burned-over areas or recent clearings; an important honey plant
    Epilobium hirsutum, codlins-and-cream, hairy willowherb
    plant of Europe and Asia having purplish-red flowers and hairy stems and leaves; introduced into North America
    German rampion, Oenothera biennis, common evening primrose
    a coarse biennial of eastern North America with yellow flowers that open in the evening; naturalized in Europe
    Oenothera fruticosa, sundrops
    a day-flowering biennial or perennial of the genus Oenothera
    Missouri primrose, Oenothera macrocarpa, Ozark sundrops
    evening-opening primrose of south central United States
    Canna generalis, canna lily
    plants grown for their large bright yellow to red flowers
    Canna edulis, Canna indica, achira, arrowroot, indian shot
    canna grown especially for its edible rootstock from which arrowroot starch is obtained
    American arrowroot, Maranta arundinaceae, arrowroot, obedience plant
    white-flowered West Indian plant whose root yields arrowroot starch
    Musa acuminata, dwarf banana
    low-growing Asian banana tree cultivated especially in the West Indies for its clusters of edible yellow fruit
    Japanese banana, Musa basjoo
    Asiatic banana plant cultivated especially as a foliage plant in Japan
    Musa paradisiaca, plantain, plantain tree
    a banana tree bearing hanging clusters of edible angular greenish starchy fruits; tropics and subtropics
    Musa paradisiaca sapientum, edible banana
    widely cultivated species of banana trees bearing compact hanging clusters of commercially important edible yellow fruit
    Manila hemp, Musa textilis, abaca
    Philippine banana tree having leafstalks that yield Manila hemp used for rope and paper etc
    Canton ginger, Zingiber officinale, common ginger, stem ginger
    tropical Asian plant widely cultivated for its pungent root; source of gingerroot and powdered ginger
    Alpinia galanga, galangal
    southeastern Asian perennial with aromatic roots
    Alpinia officinalis, Alpinia officinarum, lesser galangal
    Chinese perennial with pyramidal racemes of white flowers and pungent aromatic roots used medicinally and as flavoring
    Alpinia purpurata, red ginger
    an ornamental ginger native to Pacific islands
    Alpinia Zerumbet, Alpinia speciosa, Languas speciosa, shall-flower, shell ginger, shellflower
    cultivated for its shining oblong leaves and arching clusters of white flowers with pink shading and crinkled yellow lips with variegated magenta stripes
    Reseda odorata, mignonette, sweet reseda
    Mediterranean woody annual widely cultivated for its dense terminal spikelike clusters greenish or yellowish white flowers having an intense spicy fragrance
    Reseda luteola, dyer's mignonette, dyer's rocket, weld
    European mignonette cultivated as a source of yellow dye; naturalized in North America
    violet
    any of numerous low-growing violas with small flowers
    Viola arvensis, field pansy, heartsease
    common Old World viola with creamy often violet-tinged flowers
    Viola cornuta, horned violet, tufted pansy
    European viola with an unusually long corolla spur
    Viola tricolor hortensis, pansy
    large-flowered garden plant derived chiefly from the wild pansy of Europe and having velvety petals of various colors
    Johnny-jump-up, Viola tricolor, heartsease, love-in-idleness, pink of my John, wild pansy
    a common and long cultivated European herb from which most common garden pansies are derived
    Boehmeria nivea, China grass, Chinese silk plant, ramee, ramie
    tall perennial herb of tropical Asia with dark green leaves; cultivated for the fiber from its woody stems that resembles flax
    Kniphofia uvaria, poker plant
    clump-forming plant of South Africa with spikes of scarlet flowers
    Cicer arietinum, Egyptian pea, chickpea, chickpea plant
    Asiatic herb cultivated for its short pods with one or two edible seeds
    American rattlebox, Crotalaria sagitallis
    tropical American annual herb having an inflated pod in which the ripe seeds rattle
    Crotalaria spectabilis, Indian rattlebox
    erect subshrub having purple-tinted flowers and an inflated pod in which the ripe seeds rattle; India
    Cyamopsis psoraloides, Cyamopsis tetragonolobus, cluster bean, guar
    drought-tolerant herb grown for forage and for its seed which yield a gum used as a thickening agent or sizing material
    Glycine max, soja, soja bean, soy, soya, soya bean, soybean, soybean plant
    erect bushy hairy annual herb having trifoliate leaves and purple to pink flowers; extensively cultivated for food and forage and soil improvement but especially for its nutritious oil-rich seeds; native to Asia
    wild pea
    any of various plants of the family Leguminosae that usually grow like vines
    Lens culinaris, lentil, lentil plant
    widely cultivated Eurasian annual herb grown for its edible flattened seeds that are cooked like peas and also ground into meal and for its leafy stalks that are used as fodder
    Dolichos biflorus, Macrotyloma uniflorum, horse grain, horse gram, poor man's pulse
    twining herb of Old World tropics cultivated in India for food and fodder; sometimes placed in genus Dolichos
    Medicago arborea, moon trefoil
    evergreen shrub of southern European highlands having downy foliage and a succession of yellow flowers throughout the summer followed by curious snail-shaped pods
    Medicago falcata, sickle alfalfa, sickle lucerne, sickle medick
    European medic naturalized in North America having yellow flowers and sickle-shaped pods
    Calvary clover, Medicago echinus, Medicago intertexta
    an annual of the Mediterranean area having spiny seed pods and leaves with dark spots
    Medicago lupulina, black medick, hop clover, nonesuch clover, yellow trefoil
    prostrate European herb with small yellow flowers and curved black pods; naturalized in North America
    Medicago sativa, alfalfa, lucerne
    important European leguminous forage plant with trifoliate leaves and blue-violet flowers grown widely as a pasture and hay crop
    crazy weed, crazyweed, locoweed
    any of several leguminous plants of western North America causing locoism in livestock
    bean, bean plant
    any of various leguminous plants grown for their edible seeds and pods
    pea, pea plant
    a leguminous plant of the genus Pisum with small white flowers and long green pods containing edible green seeds
    sesbania
    any of various plants of the genus Sesbania having pinnate leaves and large showy pea-like flowers
    Thermopsis macrophylla, false lupine, golden pea, yellow pea
    western United States bushy herb having yellow pea-like flowers
    Carolina lupine, Thermopsis villosa
    eastern United States bush pea
    vetch
    any of various climbing plants of the genus Vicia having pinnately compound leaves that terminate in tendrils and small variously colored flowers; includes valuable forage and soil-building plants
    Phaseolus aconitifolius, Vigna aconitifolia, moth bean
    East Indian legume having hairy foliage and small yellow flowers followed by cylindrical pods; used especially in India for food and forage and as a soil conditioner; sometimes placed in genus Phaseolus
    Phaseolus angularis, Vigna angularis, adsuki bean, adzuki bean
    bushy annual widely grown in China and Japan for the flour made from its seeds
    Phaseolus caracalla, Vigna caracalla, corkscrew flower, snail bean, snail flower, snail-flower, snailflower
    perennial tropical American vine cultivated for its racemes of showy yellow and purple flowers having the corolla keel coiled like a snail shell; sometimes placed in genus Phaseolus
    Phaseolus aureus, Vigna radiata, golden gram, green gram, mung, mung bean
    erect bushy annual widely cultivated in warm regions of India and Indonesia and United States for forage and especially its edible seeds; chief source of bean sprouts used in Chinese cookery; sometimes placed in genus Phaseolus
    Vigna sinensis, Vigna unguiculata, black-eyed pea, cowpea, cowpea plant
    sprawling Old World annual cultivated especially in southern United States for food and forage and green manure
    Vigna sesquipedalis, Vigna unguiculata sesquipedalis, asparagus bean, yard-long bean
    South American bean having very long succulent pods
    English plantain, Plantago lanceolata, buckthorn, narrow-leaved plantain, ribgrass, ribwort, ripple-grass
    an Old World plantain with long narrow ribbed leaves widely established in temperate regions
    Plantago major, broad-leaved plantain, cart-track plant, common plantain, white-man's foot, whiteman's foot
    common European perennial naturalized worldwide; a troublesome weed
    Plantago media, hoary plantain
    widely distributed Old World perennial naturalized in North America having finely hairy leaves and inconspicuous white fragrant flowers
    Plantago psyllium, Spanish psyllium, fleawort, psyllium
    plantain of Mediterranean regions whose seeds swell and become gelatinous when moist and are used as a mild laxative
    Plantago rugelii, broad-leaved plantain, rugel's plantain
    North American plantain having reddish leafstalks and broad leaves
    Plantago virginica, hoary plantain
    North American annual or biennial with long soft hairs on the leaves
    Himalayan rhubarb, Indian rhubarb, Rheum australe, Rheum emodi, red-veined pie plant
    Asian herb (Himalayas)
    Rheum cultorum, Rheum rhabarbarum, Rheum rhaponticum, garden rhubarb, pie plant
    long cultivated hybrid of Rheum palmatum; stems often cooked in pies or as sauce or preserves
    Chinese rhubarb, Rheum palmatum
    long used for laxative properties
    Rumex acetosa, garden sorrel, sour dock
    European sorrel with large slightly acidic sagittate leaves grown throughout north temperate zone for salad and spring greens
    Rumex acetosella, sheep sorrel, sheep's sorrel
    small plant having pleasantly acid-tasting arrow-shaped leaves; common in dry places
    Rumex obtusifolius, bitter dock, broad-leaved dock, yellow dock
    European dock with broad obtuse leaves and bitter rootstock common as a weed in North America
    French sorrel, Rumex scutatus, garden sorrel
    low perennial with small silvery-green ovate to hastate leaves
    Paradisea liliastrum, St.-Bruno's-lily
    a variety of spiderwort
    Agrimonia eupatoria, harvest-lice
    erect perennial Old World herb of dry grassy habitats
    Agrimonia procera, fragrant agrimony
    fragrant European perennial herb found at woodland margins on moist soils
    Fragaria ananassa, cultivated strawberry, garden strawberry
    widely cultivated
    Fragaria vesca, wild strawberry, wood strawberry
    Europe
    Chilean strawberry, Fragaria chiloensis, beach strawberry
    wild strawberry of western United States and South America; source of many varieties of cultivated strawberries
    Fragaria virginiana, Virginia strawberry, scarlet strawberry
    North American wild strawberry with sweet scarlet fruit; a source of many cultivated strawberries
    Asperula odorata, Galium odoratum, fragrant bedstraw, sweet woodruff, waldmeister, woodruff
    Old World fragrant stoloniferous perennial having small white flowers and narrow leaves used as flavoring and in sachets; widely cultivated as a ground cover; in some classifications placed in genus Asperula
    Galium boreale, Northern bedstraw, Northern snow bedstraw
    North American stoloniferous perennial having white flowers; sometimes used as an ornamental
    Galium verum, Our Lady's bedstraw, yellow bedstraw, yellow cleavers
    common yellow-flowered perennial bedstraw; North America and Europe and Asia
    Galium lanceolatum, wild licorice
    bedstraw with sweetish roots
    Galium aparine, catchweed, cleavers, clivers, goose grass, spring cleavers
    annual having the stem beset with curved prickles; North America and Europe and Asia
    Galium mollugo, false baby's breath, infant's-breath, white bedstraw, white madder, wild madder
    Eurasian herb with ample panicles of small white flowers; naturalized in North America
    Dipsacus fullonum, common teasel
    teasel with lilac flowers native to Old World but naturalized in North America; dried flower heads used to raise a nap on woolen cloth
    Dipsacus sativus, fuller's teasel
    similar to the common teasel and similarly used; widespread in Europe and North Africa and western Asia; naturalized in United States
    Dipsacus sylvestris, wild teasel
    European teasel with white to pink flowers; naturalized in United States
    crane's bill, cranesbill
    any of numerous geraniums of the genus Geranium
    Pelargonium graveolens, rose geranium, sweet-scented geranium
    any of several southern African geraniums having fragrant three-lobed to five-lobed leaves and pink flowers
    Pelargonium hortorum, bedding geranium, fish geranium, zonal pelargonium
    an upright geranium having scalloped leaves with a broad color zone inside the margin and white or pink or red flowers
    Pelargonium peltatum, hanging geranium, ivy geranium, ivy-leaved geranium
    a commonly cultivated trailing South American plant with peltate leaves and rosy flowers
    Pelargonium odoratissimum, apple geranium, nutmeg geranium
    geranium with round fragrant leaves and small white flowers
    Pelargonium limoneum, lemon geranium
    a common garden geranium with lemon-scented foliage
    heron's bill, storksbill
    any of various plants of the genus Erodium
    Oxalis acetosella, common wood sorrel, cuckoo bread, shamrock
    Eurasian plant with heart-shaped trifoliate leaves and white purple-veined flowers
    Bermuda buttercup, English-weed, Oxalis cernua, Oxalis pes-caprae
    South African bulbous wood sorrel with showy yellow flowers
    Oxalis corniculata, creeping oxalis, creeping wood sorrel
    creeping much-branched mat-forming weed; cosmopolitan
    Oxalis caprina, goat's foot, goatsfoot
    short-stemmed South African plant with bluish flowers
    Oxalis violacea, violet wood sorrel
    perennial herb of eastern North America with palmately compound leaves and usually rose-purple flowers
    Oxalis crenata, Oxalis tuberosa, oca, oka
    South American wood sorrel cultivated for its edible tubers
    Indian cress, Tropaeolum majus, garden nasturtium
    strong-growing annual climber having large flowers of all shades of orange from orange-red to yellowish orange and seeds that are pickled and used like capers
    Tropaeolum minus, bush nasturtium
    annual with deep yellow flowers smaller than the common garden nasturtium
    Tropaeolum peregrinum, canary creeper, canarybird flower, canarybird vine
    a climber having flowers that are the color of canaries
    pitcher plant
    any of several insectivorous herbs of the order Sarraceniales
    daily dew, sundew, sundew plant
    any of various bog plants of the genus Drosera having leaves covered with sticky hairs that trap and digest insects; cosmopolitan in distribution
    Dionaea muscipula, Venus's flytrap, Venus's flytraps
    carnivorous plant of coastal plains of the Carolinas having sensitive hinged marginally bristled leaf blades that close and entrap insects
    Aldrovanda vesiculosa, waterwheel plant
    floating aquatic carnivorous perennial of central and southern Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia having whorls of 6 to 9 leaves ending in hinged lobes for capturing e.g. water fleas
    Drosophyllum lusitanicum
    perennial of dry habitats whose leaves have glandular hairs that secrete adhesive and digestive fluid for capture and digestion of insects; Portugal, southern Spain and Morocco
    roridula
    either of 2 species of the genus Roridula; South African viscid perennial low-growing woody shrubs
    stonecrop
    any of various northern temperate plants of the genus Sedum having fleshy leaves and red or yellow or white flowers
    Sedum rosea, midsummer-men, rose-root
    Eurasian mountain plant with fleshy pink-tipped leaves and a cluster of yellow flowers
    Sedum telephium, live-forever, livelong, orpin, orpine
    perennial northern temperate plant with toothed leaves and heads of small purplish-white flowers
    Saxifraga aizoides, yellow mountain saxifrage
    tufted evergreen perennial having ciliate leaves and yellow corymbose flowers often spotted orange
    Saxifraga granulata, fair-maids-of-France, meadow saxifrage
    rosette-forming perennial having compact panicles of white flowers; Europe
    Saxifraga hypnoides, mossy saxifrage
    tufted or mat-forming perennial of mountains of Europe; cultivated for its white flowers
    Saxifraga occidentalis, western saxifrage
    saxifrage having loose clusters of white flowers on hairy stems growing from a cluster of basal leaves; moist slopes of western North America
    Saxifraga oppositifolia, purple saxifrage
    plants forming dense cushions with bright reddish-lavender flowers; rocky areas of Europe and Asia and western North America
    Saxifraga stellaris, star saxifrage, starry saxifrage
    small often mat-forming alpine plant having small starlike white flowers; Europe
    Saxifraga sarmentosam, Saxifraga stolonifera, mother-of-thousands, strawberry geranium, strawberry saxifrage
    eastern Asiatic saxifrage with racemes of small red-and-white flowers; spreads by numerous creeping stolons
    Astilbe biternata, false goatsbeard
    North American astilbe with panicles of creamy white flowers
    Astilbe chinensis pumila, dwarf astilbe
    mat-forming evergreen Asiatic plant with finely cut leaves and small pink to burgundy flowers; grown as ground cover
    Astilbe japonica, spiraea, spirea
    a Japanese shrub that resembles members of the genus Spiraea; widely cultivated in many varieties for its dense panicles of flowers in many colors; often forced by florists for Easter blooming
    Heuchera americana, rock geranium
    plant with basal leaves mottled with white and flowers in lax panicles on erect stems
    Heuchera cylindrica, poker alumroot, poker heuchera
    plant with leathery heart-shaped leaf blades clustered at base of long stalks with greenish-white flowers clustered along the upper part; western North America
    Heuchera sanguinea, coralbells
    perennial plant of the western United States having bright red flowers in feathery spikes; used as an ornamental
    Mitella diphylla, fairy cup
    miterwort of northeastern North America usually with two opposite leaves on erect flowering stems that terminate in erect racemes of white flowers
    Mitella pentandra, five-point bishop's cap
    small plant with leaves in a basal cluster and tiny greenish flowers in slender racemes; northwestern North America to California and Colorado
    Suksdorfia violaceae, violet suksdorfia
    slender delicate plant with wide roundish deeply lobed leaves and deep pink to violet funnel-shaped flowers; British Columbia to northern Oregon and west to Idaho and Montana
    Greek valerian, Jacob's ladder, Polemonium caeruleum, Polemonium van-bruntiae, Polymonium caeruleum van-bruntiae, charity
    pinnate-leaved European perennial having bright blue or white flowers
    Greek valerian, Polemonium reptans
    erect or spreading perennial of the eastern United States
    Polemonium boreale, northern Jacob's ladder
    perennial erect herb with white flowers; circumboreal
    Polemonium viscosum, skunk-weed, skunkweed
    tall herb of the Rocky Mountains having sticky leaves and an offensive smell
    Phlox bifida, Phlox stellaria, chickweed phlox, sand phlox
    low mat-forming herb of rocky places in United States
    Phlox subulata, dwarf phlox, moss phlox, moss pink, mountain phlox
    low tufted perennial phlox with needlelike evergreen leaves and pink or white flowers; native to United States and widely cultivated as a ground cover
    Linanthus dianthiflorus, fringed pink, ground pink, moss pink
    low wiry-stemmed branching herb or southern California having fringed pink flowers
    Linanthus dichotomus, evening-snow
    small California annual with white flowers
    Acanthus mollis, bear's breech, bear's breeches, sea holly
    widely cultivated southern European acanthus with whitish purple-veined flowers
    Anchusa officinalis, alkanet, bugloss
    perennial or biennial herb cultivated for its delicate usually blue flowers
    Anchusa capensis, cape forget-me-not
    anchusa of southern Africa having blue flowers with white throats
    Anchusa riparia, cape forget-me-not
    anchusa of southern Africa having blue to red-purple flowers
    beggar lice, beggar's lice
    Eurasian and North American plants having small prickly nutlets that stick to clothing
    Symphytum officinale, boneset, common comfrey
    European herb having small white, pink or purple flowers; naturalized as a weed in North America
    Hydrophyllum virginianum, Indian salad, John's cabbage, Shawnee salad, Virginia waterleaf, shawny
    showy perennial herb with white flowers; leaves sometimes used as edible greens in southeastern United States
    Nemophila maculata, five-spot
    California annual having white flowers with a deep purple blotch on each petal
    Agastache nepetoides, yellow giant hyssop
    erect perennial with stout stems and yellow-green flowers; southern Canada and southeastern United States
    Agastache foeniculum, anise hyssop
    much-branched North American herb with an odor like fennel
    Agastache mexicana, Mexican hyssop
    erect perennial of Mexico having rose to crimson flowers
    Ajuga reptans, creeping bugle
    low rhizomatous European carpeting plant having spikes of blue flowers; naturalized in parts of United States
    Ajuga genevensis, blue bugle, erect bugle
    upright rhizomatous perennial with bright blue flowers; southern Europe
    Ajuga pyramidalis, pyramid bugle
    European evergreen carpeting perennial
    Ajuga chamaepitys, ground pine, yellow bugle
    low-growing annual with yellow flowers dotted red; faintly aromatic of pine resin; Europe, British Isles and North Africa
    Blephilia hirsuta, hairy wood mint
    a variety of wood mint
    Blephilia celiata, downy wood mint
    a variety of wood mint
    Calamintha sylvatica, Satureja calamintha officinalis, common calamint
    mint-scented perennial of central and southern Europe
    Calamintha grandiflora, Clinopodium grandiflorum, Satureja grandiflora, large-flowered calamint
    aromatic herb with large pink flowers; southern and southeastern Europe; Anatolia; northern Iran
    Calamintha nepeta, Calamintha nepeta glantulosa, Satureja calamintha glandulosa, Satureja nepeta, field balm, lesser calamint
    low-growing strongly aromatic perennial herb of southern Europe to Great Britain; naturalized in United States
    Coleus amboinicus, Coleus aromaticus, Plectranthus amboinicus, country borage
    an aromatic fleshy herb of India and Ceylon to South Africa; sometimes placed in genus Plectranthus
    Coleus blumei, Joseph's coat, Solenostemon blumei, Solenostemon scutellarioides, painted nettle
    perennial aromatic herb of southeastern Asia having large usually bright-colored or blotched leaves and spikes of blue-violet flowers; sometimes placed in genus Solenostemon
    Lamium album, white dead nettle
    European dead nettle with white flowers
    Lamium amplexicaule, henbit
    Eurasian plant having toothed leaves and small two-lipped white or purplish-red flowers
    Origanum vulgare, marjoram, oregano, pot marjoram, wild marjoram, winter sweet
    aromatic Eurasian perennial
    Majorana hortensis, Origanum majorana, knotted marjoram, sweet marjoram
    aromatic European plant native to Mediterranean and Turkey; not widespread in Europe
    Origanum dictamnus, cretan dittany, crete dittany, dittany of crete, hop marjoram, winter sweet
    dwarf aromatic shrub of Crete
    Marrubium vulgare, common horehound, white horehound
    European aromatic herb with hairy leaves and numerous white flowers in axillary cymes; leaves yield a bitter extract use medicinally and as flavoring
    Mentha arvensis, corn mint, field mint
    European mint naturalized in United States
    Mentha aquatica, water mint, water-mint
    a European mint that thrives in wet places; has a perfume like that of the bergamot orange; naturalized in eastern North America
    Mentha citrata, bergamot mint, eau de cologne mint, lemon mint
    mint with leaves having perfume like that of the bergamot orange
    Mentha longifolia, horsemint
    a coarse Old World wild water mint having long leaves and spikelike clusters of flowers; naturalized in the eastern United States
    Mentha piperita, peppermint
    herb with downy leaves and small purple or white flowers that yields a pungent oil used as a flavoring
    Mentha spicata, spearmint
    common garden herb having clusters of small purplish flowers and yielding an oil used as a flavoring
    Mentha rotundifolia, Mentha suaveolens, apple mint, applemint
    mint with apple-scented stems of southern and western Europe; naturalized in United States
    Mentha pulegium, pennyroyal
    Eurasian perennial mint have small lilac-blue flowers and ovate leaves; yields an aromatic oil
    Monarda didyma, bee balm, beebalm, bergamot mint, oswego tea
    perennial aromatic herb of eastern North America having variously colored tubular flowers in dense showy heads
    Monarda punctata, horsemint
    tall erect perennial or annual having lanceolate leaves and heads of purple-spotted creamy flowers; many subspecies grown from eastern to southwestern United States and in Mexico
    Monarda fistulosa, bee balm, beebalm
    perennial herb of North America
    Monarda citriodora, horsemint, lemon mint
    an annual horsemint of central and western United States and northern Mexico
    Monarda pectinata, plains lemon monarda
    annual of southern United States
    Monarda clinopodia, basil balm
    perennial herb of North America (New York to Illinois and mountains of Alaska) having aromatic leaves and clusters of yellowish-pink balls
    Ocimum basilicum, common basil, sweet basil
    annual or perennial of tropical Asia having spikes of small white flowers and aromatic leaves; one of the most important culinary herbs; used in salads, casseroles, sauces and some liqueurs
    Physostegia virginiana, false dragon head, false dragonhead, obedient plant
    North American plant having a spike of two-lipped pink or white flowers
    Pycnanthemum virginianum, basil mint
    perennial herb of the eastern United States having inconspicuous greenish flowers and narrow leaves that are very aromatic when bruised
    Salvia azurea, blue sage
    blue-flowered sage of dry prairies of the eastern United States
    Salvia clarea, clary sage
    stout Mediterranean sage with white or pink or violet flowers; yields oil used as a flavoring and in perfumery
    Salvia farinacea, blue sage, mealy sage
    Texas sage having intensely blue flowers
    Salvia lancifolia, Salvia reflexa, blue sage
    sage of western North America to Central America having violet-blue flowers; widespread in cultivation
    Salvia leucophylla, chaparral sage, purple sage
    silvery-leaved California herb with purple flowers
    Salvia lyrata, cancer weed, cancerweed
    sage of eastern United States
    Salvia officinalis, common sage, ramona
    shrubby plant with aromatic greyish-green leaves used as a cooking herb
    Salvia pratensis, meadow clary
    tall perennial Old World salvia with violet-blue flowers; found in open grasslands
    Salvia sclarea, clary
    aromatic herb of southern Europe; cultivated in Great Britain as a potherb and widely as an ornamental
    Salvia spathacea, pitcher sage
    California erect and sparsely branched perennial
    Mexican mint, Salvia divinorum
    an herb from Oaxaca that has a powerful hallucinogenic effect; the active ingredient is salvinorin
    Salvia verbenaca, vervain sage, wild clary, wild sage
    Eurasian sage with blue flowers and foliage like verbena; naturalized in United States
    Satureia hortensis, Satureja hortensis, summer savory
    erect annual herb with oval leaves and pink flowers; used to flavor e.g. meats or soups or salads; southeastern Europe and naturalized elsewhere
    Satureia montana, Satureja montana, winter savory
    erect perennial subshrub having pink or white flowers and leathery leaves with a flavor of thyme; southern Europe
    Thymus vulgaris, common thyme
    common aromatic garden perennial native to the western Mediterranean; used in seasonings and formerly as medicine
    Thymus serpyllum, creeping thyme, wild thyme
    aromatic dwarf shrub common on banks and hillsides in Europe; naturalized in United States
    bladderwort
    any of numerous aquatic carnivorous plants of the genus Utricularia some of whose leaves are modified as small urn-shaped bladders that trap minute aquatic animals
    butterwort
    any of numerous carnivorous bog plants of the genus Pinguicula having showy purple or yellow or white flowers and a rosette of basal leaves coated with a sticky secretion to trap small insects
    genlisea
    rootless carnivorous swamp plants having at the base of the stem a rosette of foliage and leaves consisting of slender tubes swollen in the middle to form traps; each tube passes into two long spirally twisted arms with stiff hairs
    Digitalis purpurea, common foxglove, fairy bell, finger-flower, finger-root, fingerflower, fingerroot
    tall leafy European biennial or perennial having spectacular clusters of large tubular pink-purple flowers; leaves yield drug digitalis and are poisonous to livestock
    Digitalis lutea, straw foxglove, yellow foxglove
    European yellow-flowered foxglove
    Verbascum blattaria, moth mullein
    European mullein with smooth leaves and large yellow or purplish flowers; naturalized as a weed in North America
    Verbascum lychnitis, white mullein
    densely hairy Eurasian herb with racemose white flowers; naturalized in North America
    Verbascum phoeniceum, purple mullein
    Eurasian mullein with showy purple or pink flowers
    Aaron's rod, Verbascum thapsus, common mullein, flannel mullein, great mullein, torch, woolly mullein
    tall-stalked very woolly mullein with densely packed yellow flowers; ancient Greeks and Romans dipped the stalks in tallow for funeral torches
    Lycopersicon esculentum cerasiforme, cherry tomato
    plant bearing small red to yellow fruit
    Jasmine tobacco, Nicotiana alata, flowering tobacco
    South American ornamental perennial having nocturnally fragrant greenish-white flowers
    Nicotiana tabacum, common tobacco
    tall erect South American herb with large ovate leaves and terminal clusters of tubular white or pink flowers; cultivated for its leaves
    Indian tobacco, Nicotiana rustica, wild tobacco
    tobacco plant of South America and Mexico
    Nicotiana glauca, mustard tree, tree tobacco
    evergreen South American shrub naturalized in United States; occasionally responsible for poisoning livestock
    Nierembergia repens, Nierembergia rivularis, whitecup
    prostrate woody South American herb with white tubular flowers often tinged with blue or rose
    Nierembergia frutescens, tall cupflower
    shrubby Chilean herb having bluish-white tubular flowers used as an ornamental
    Physalis pubescens, downy ground cherry, strawberry tomato
    decorative American annual having round fleshy yellow berries enclosed in a bladderlike husk
    Chinese lantern plant, Physalis alkekengi, bladder cherry, winter cherry
    Old World perennial cultivated for its ornamental inflated papery orange-red calyx
    Physalis peruviana, cape gooseberry, purple ground cherry
    annual of tropical South America having edible purple fruits
    Physalis pruinosa, dwarf cape gooseberry, strawberry tomato
    stout hairy annual of eastern North America with sweet yellow fruits
    Mexican husk tomato, Physalis ixocarpa, jamberry, tomatillo
    annual of Mexico and southern United States having edible purplish viscid fruit resembling small tomatoes
    Physalis philadelphica, jamberry, miltomate, purple ground cherry, tomatillo
    Mexican annual naturalized in eastern North America having yellow to purple edible fruit resembling small tomatoes
    Physalis viscosa, yellow henbane
    found on sea beaches from Virginia to South America having greenish-yellow flowers and orange or yellow berries
    Salpiglossis sinuata, painted tongue
    Chilean herb having velvety funnel-shaped yellowish or violet flowers with long tonguelike styles at the corolla throat
    wild parsley
    any of various uncultivated umbelliferous plants with foliage resembling that of carrots or parsley
    Angelica Archangelica, archangel, garden angelica
    a biennial cultivated herb; its stems are candied and eaten and its roots are used medicinally
    Angelica sylvestris, wild angelica
    European herb with compound leaves and white flowers; adventive on Cape Breton Island
    Astrantia major, greater masterwort
    European herb with aromatic roots and leaves in a basal tuft and showy compound umbels of white to rosy flowers
    whorled caraway
    a caraway with whorled leaves
    Foeniculum vulgare, common fennel
    strongly aromatic with a smell of aniseed; leaves and seeds used for seasoning
    Florence fennel, Foeniculum dulce, Foeniculum vulgare dulce
    grown especially for its edible aromatic bulbous stem base
    cultivated parsnip
    European biennial having a long fusiform root that has been made palatable through cultivation
    madnep, wild parsnip
    biennial weed in Europe and America having large pinnate leaves and yellow flowers and a bitter and somewhat poisonous root; the ancestor of cultivated parsnip
    Italian parsley, Petroselinum crispum neapolitanum, flat-leaf parsley
    a variety of parsley having flat leaves
    Hamburg parsley, Petroselinum crispum tuberosum, turnip-rooted parsley
    parsley with smooth leaves and enlarged edible taproot resembling a savory parsnip
    Sanicula arctopoides, footsteps-of-spring
    sanicle of northwestern United States and British Columbia having yellow flowers
    Sanicula bipinnatifida, purple sanicle
    sanicle of northwestern United States and British Columbia having yellow or red or purple flowers
    European sanicle, Sanicula Europaea
    sanicle of Europe and Asia having white to pale pink flowers
    Valerianella locusta, Valerianella olitoria, common corn salad, lamb's lettuce
    widely cultivated as a salad crop and pot herb; often a weed
    Peperomia argyreia, Peperomia sandersii, watermelon begonia
    grown as a houseplant for its silvery striped fleshy foliage; South America
    Asclepias albicans, white milkweed
    tall herb with leafless white waxy stems and whitish starlike flowers; southwestern United States
    Asclepias curassavica, blood flower, swallowwort
    tropical herb having orange-red flowers followed by pods suggesting a swallow with outspread wings; a weed throughout the tropics
    Asclepias exaltata, poke milkweed
    milkweed of the eastern United States with leaves resembling those of pokeweed
    Asclepias incarnata, swamp milkweed
    densely branching perennial of the eastern United States with white to crimson or purple flowers
    Asclepia meadii, Asclepias meadii, Mead's milkweed
    milkweed of central North America; a threatened species
    Asclepias purpurascens, purple silkweed
    perennial of eastern North America having pink-purple flowers
    Asclepias speciosa, showy milkweed
    milkweed of southern North America having large starry purple and pink flowers
    Asclepias subverticillata, horsetail milkweed, poison milkweed
    milkweed of southwestern United States and Mexico; poisonous to livestock
    Asclepias tuberosa, Indian paintbrush, butterfly weed, chigger flower, chiggerflower, orange milkweed, pleurisy root, tuber root
    erect perennial of eastern and southern United States having showy orange flowers
    Asclepias verticillata, whorled milkweed
    milkweed of the eastern United States with narrow leaves in whorls and greenish-white flowers
    Stapelias asterias
    stapelia of Cape Province having mostly dark red-brown flowers with flat starlike corollas
    type of:
    tracheophyte, vascular plant
    green plant having a vascular system: ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms
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