examples:
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Abul-Walid Mohammed ibn-Ahmad Ibn-Mohammed ibn-Roshd
Arabian philosopher born in Spain; wrote detailed commentaries on Aristotle that were admired by the Schoolmen (1126-1198)
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Abu Ali al-Husain ibn Abdallah ibn Sina
Arabian physician and influential Islamic philosopher; his interpretation of Aristotle influenced St. Thomas Aquinas; writings on medicine were important for almost 500 years (980-1037)
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Robert Barany
Austrian physician who developed a rotational method for testing the middle ear (1876-1936)
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Caspar Bartholin
Danish physician who discovered Bartholin's gland (1585-1629)
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William Beaumont
United States surgeon remembered for his studies of digestion (1785-1853)
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Sir David Bruce
Australian physician and bacteriologist who described the bacterium that causes undulant fever or brucellosis (1855-1931)
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Alexis Carrel
French surgeon and biologist who developed a way to suture and graft blood vessels (1873-1944)
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Edith Louisa Cavell
English nurse who remained in Brussels after the German occupation in order to help Allied prisoners escape; was caught and executed by the Germans (1865-1915)
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William Cowper
English surgeon who discovered Cowper's gland (1666-1709)
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Burrill Bernard Crohn
United States physician who specialized in diseases of the intestines; he was the first to describe regional ileitis which is now known as Crohn's disease (1884-1983)
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Michael Ellis De Bakey
United States heart surgeon who in 1966 implanted the first artificial heart in a human patient (born in 1908)
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John L. H. Down
English physician who first described Down's syndrome (1828-1896)
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Christiaan Eijkman
Dutch physician who discovered that beriberi is caused by a nutritional deficiency (1858-1930)
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Etienne-Louis Arthur Fallot
French physician who described cardiac anomalies including Fallot's tetralogy (1850-1911)
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William Gilbert
English court physician noted for his studies of terrestrial magnetism (1540-1603)
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William Crawford Gorgas
United States Army surgeon who suppressed yellow fever in Havana and in the Panama Canal Zone (1854-1920)
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William Harvey
English physician and scientist who described the circulation of the blood; he later proposed that all animals originate from an ovum produced by the female of the species (1578-1657)
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Hippocrates
medical practitioner who is regarded as the father of medicine; author of the Hippocratic oath (circa 460-377 BC)
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Thomas Hodgkin
English physician who first described Hodgkin's disease (1798-1866)
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George Huntington
United States physician who first described Huntington's chorea
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Aletta Jacobs
Dutch physician who opened the first birth control clinic in the world in Amsterdam (1854-1929)
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Edward Jenner
English physician who pioneered vaccination; Jenner inoculated people with small amounts of cowpox to prevent them from getting smallpox (1749-1823)
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Harry Fitch Kleinfelter
United States physician who first described the XXY-syndrome (born in 1912)
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Joseph Lister
English surgeon who was the first to use antiseptics (1827-1912)
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Otto Loewi
United States pharmacologist (born in Germany) who was the first to show that acetylcholine is produced at the junction between a parasympathetic nerve and a muscle (1873-1961)
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Clemence Sophia Harned Lozier
United States physician who in 1863 founded a medical school for women (1813-1888)
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Sir Patrick Manson
Scottish physician who discovered that elephantiasis is spread by mosquitos and suggested that mosquitos also spread malaria (1844-1922)
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Friedrich Anton Mesmer
Austrian physician who tried to treat diseases with a form of hypnotism (1734-1815)
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Florence Nightingale
English nurse remembered for her work during the Crimean War (1820-1910)
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Theophrastus Philippus Aureolus Bombastus von Hohenheim
Swiss physician who introduced treatments of particular illnesses based on his observation and experience; he saw illness as having an external cause (rather than an imbalance of humors) and replaced traditional remedies with chemical remedies (1493-1541)
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James Parkinson
English surgeon (1755-1824)
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Walter Reed
United States physician who proved that yellow fever is transmitted by mosquitoes (1851-1902)
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Peter Mark Roget
English physician who in retirement compiled a well-known thesaurus (1779-1869)
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Sir Ronald Ross
British physician who discovered that mosquitos transmit malaria (1857-1932)
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Benjamin Rush
physician and American Revolutionary leader; signer of the Declaration of Independence (1745-1813)
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Margaret Higgins Sanger
United States nurse who campaigned for birth control and planned parenthood; she challenged Gregory Pincus to develop a birth control pill (1883-1966)
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Albert Schweitzer
French philosopher and physician and organist who spent most of his life as a medical missionary in Gabon (1875-1965)
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Anna Howard Shaw
United States physician and suffragist (1847-1919)
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Sir James Young Simpson
Scottish obstetrician and surgeon who pioneered in the use of ether and discovered the anesthetic effects of chloroform (1811-1870)
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English Hippocrates
English physician (1624-1689)
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Erik Adolf von Willebrand
Finnish physician who first described vascular hemophilia (1870-1949)
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Jean Martin Charcot
French neurologist who tried to use hypnotism to cure hysteria (1825-1893)
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Harvery Williams Cushing
United States neurologist noted for his study of the brain and pituitary gland and who identified Cushing's syndrome (1869-1939)
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Sir Howard Walter Florey
British pathologist who isolated and purified penicillin, which had been discovered in 1928 by Sir Alexander Fleming (1898-1968)
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Sigmund Freud
Austrian neurologist who originated psychoanalysis (1856-1939)
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Harold Hirschsprung
Danish pediatrician (1830-1916)
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Karen Danielsen Horney
United States psychiatrist (1885-1952)
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Karl Theodor Jaspers
German psychiatrist (1883-1969)
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Baron Richard von Krafft-Ebing
German neurologist noted for his studies of sexual deviance (1840-1902)
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Karl Landsteiner
United States pathologist (born in Austria) who discovered human blood groups (1868-1943)
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Prosper Meniere
French otologist who first described a form of vertigo now known as Meniere's disease and identified the semicircular canals as the site of the lesion (1799-1862)
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Charles Frederick Menninger
United States psychiatrist who with his sons founded a famous psychiatric clinic in Topeka (1862-1953)
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Karl Augustus Menninger
United States psychiatrist and son of Charles Menninger (1893-1990)
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William Claire Menninger
United States psychiatrist and son of Charles Menninger (1899-1966)
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Sir James Paget
English pathologist who discovered the cause of trichinosis (1814-1899)
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John Rock
United States gynecologist and devout Catholic who conducted the first clinical trials of the oral contraceptive pill (1890-1984)
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Francis Peyton Rous
United States pathologist who discovered viruses that cause tumors (1879-1970)
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Hermann Snellen
Dutch ophthalmologist who introduced the Snellen chart to study visual acuity (1834-1908)
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Benjamin Spock
United States pediatrician whose many books on child care influenced the upbringing of children around the world (1903-1998)
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Harry Stack Sullivan
United States psychiatrist (1892-1949)
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Georges Gilles de la Tourette
French neurologist (1857-1904)
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Henry Hubert Turner
United States endocrinologist (1892-1970)
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Rudolf Karl Virchow
German pathologist who recognized that all cells come from cells by binary fission and who emphasized cellular abnormalities in disease (1821-1902)
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Karl Wernicke
German neurologist best known for his studies of aphasia (1848-1905)
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Thomas Willis
English physician who was a pioneer in the study of the brain (1621-1675)
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Melanie Klein
United States psychoanalyst (born in Austria) who was the first to specialize in the psychoanalysis of small children (1882-1960)
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Wilhelm Reich
Austrian born psychoanalyst who lived in the United States; advocated sexual freedom and believed that cosmic energy could be concentrated in a human being (1897-1957)
types:
- show 21 types...
- hide 21 types...
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bonesetter
someone (not necessarily a licensed physician) who sets broken bones
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electrologist
someone skilled in the use of electricity to remove moles or warts or hair roots
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medical assistant
a person trained to assist medical professionals
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medical man, medical practitioner
someone who practices medicine
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nurse
one skilled in caring for young children or the sick (usually under the supervision of a physician)
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apothecary, chemist, druggist, pharmacist, pill pusher, pill roller
a health professional trained in the art of preparing and dispensing drugs
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dental practitioner, dentist, tooth doctor
a person qualified to practice dentistry
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Dr., MD, doc, doctor, medico, physician
a licensed medical practitioner
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foster-nurse
a nurse who raises another woman's child as her own
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graduate nurse, trained nurse
someone who has completed the course of study (including hospital practice) at a nurses training school
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head nurse
the person in charge of nursing in a medical institution
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inoculator, vaccinator
a medical practitioner who inoculates people against diseases
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LPN, licensed practical nurse, practical nurse
a nurse who has enough training to be licensed by a state to provide routine care for the sick
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matron
a woman in charge of nursing in a medical institution
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medic, medical officer
a medical practitioner in the armed forces
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accoucheuse, midwife
a woman skilled in aiding the delivery of babies
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pharmaceutical chemist, pharmacologist
someone trained in the science of drugs (their composition and uses and effects)
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probationer, student nurse
a nurse in training who is undergoing a trial period
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RN, registered nurse
a graduate nurse who has passed examinations for registration
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scrub nurse
a nurse who helps a surgeon prepare for surgery
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visiting nurse
a nurse who is paid to visit the sick in their homes