Out in the Cold

From Old Norse snubba "To curse, scold."

From obsolete French, rebuffer " to check, to snub."

The Old English source of this word is spurnan "to kick away, strike against, reject." This source is also related to the English word spur.

From Old North French escarnir "engage in mockery, treat with contempt." If you go back even further, the Old French form escorner is held to be very influential as a source of confusion for the word's development into the Romance languages. Escorner literally meant "deprive of horns", in other words " to deprive of ornament, to disgrace."

From Old French desdeignier " scorn, refuse, repudiate." From des- "do the opposite of " ( Linguists sometimes call this a reversative .) and deignier, "treat as worthy."

From Latin deridere "ridicule", made up of de- "down" and ridere "to laugh."

From Latin contemnere, "to scorn, despise."

This word has a long history, and has undergone a rich sense evolution, since arising out of Old Norse slettr in the early 14th century. Slettr meant "smooth" and over time came to mean "slim, slender" which in turn came to mean "not good or strong, inferior." From here it is relatively easy to see how the modern meaning arises from judgement of someone or something as inferior or insignificant.

From Latin repudiare "to cast off, put away, reject, scorn, disdain, divorce" with the "divorce"meaning being most prominent early in the early history of the English word, in the mid-16th century. The current meaning, "refuse to acknowledge" is attested beginning in the early 19th century.

From Old French eschiver,"shun, avoid,dispense with."

From Latin abiurare "deny an oath" from ab- "away" and iurare "to swear." The focus here is on what one previously embraced or "swore to" and not what takes the place of the thing one now abjures.

This word derives from the Greek practice of voting someone viewed as a danger out of the society. The Greek is ostrakizein with ostrakon meaning "tile" or "potshard" and indicating what one would write on to cast your vote as to whom to banish.

From Latin supercilium "haught demeanor, pride." Literally this Latin word means "eyebrow", from super "above" and cilium "eyelid." The connection here is the possibility of lifting an eyebrow to express the haughty contempt that characterizes the modern sense of the word.

From Latin aversus "turned away, backwards, behind, hostile." Modern sense is the metaphorical extension of a literal "turning away", where one figuratively turns their back on that which disgusts them.

From Latin odium "ill will, hatred, grudge, animosity." Related to Latin odi " I hate."