ELI510W14

1. Venture is a shortened form of adventure.
2. (noun) risk undertaking
3. (v) put at risk: synonyms: hazard, jeopardize

Collocation:
(n.) undertake a venture, join a venture, establish a venture; venture by; a joint venture
(v.) dare to venture; venture away from, venture beyond, venture into; venture out

1. Something that is palatable is acceptable to one’s sense of taste—literally or figuratively
2. The palate is the roof of the mouth, early anatomists believed that the sense of taste was located in the palate.
3. Palatable can be used to describe phenomena beyond the culinary
4. While palatable can mean pleasing or agreeable, it generally means merely tolerable—edible, rather than delicious.

Collocation:
(adj.) politically palatable

1. Anything that you could possibly use for food is a comestible: edible
2. The word comestible, a rather formal-sounding word for food, has its roots in the Latin word comedere, which means "to eat up."
3. Comestible shares a background with the word "consume".

1. Bucolic refers to an ideal country life that many yearn for
2. Bucolic ultimately comes from the Greek "boukolos", i.e., cowherd or herdsman

Collocation:
(adj.) bucolic setting, bucolic scene, bucolic landscape

1. When you think of the word rustic, think of the rural country. This word can be given a positive or a negative spin depending on how you use it; a rustic inn, for example, might be quaint or it might be virtually uninhabitable.

2. The words rustic and "rural" spring from the same ancient root: *rur-, which means "open space" in the hypothetical ancestor language Proto-Indo-European. In early usage, these two words were used interchangeably, but now, rural is used to describe locations

Collo

1. It is a fancy way of saying "daily"
2. quotidian events: little things in life
3. (antonym) extraordinary

Collocation:
(adj.) quotidian life, quotidian details

1. "fact of being hated," from L. odium "ill-will, hatred, offense," related to odi "I hate" (infinitive odisse), from PIE base *od- "to hate".

1. Circum in Latin means "around" or "round about,"
2. vent- comes from venire, "to come,"
3. (verb) A closer meaning is: beat through cleverness and wit
(synonyms) outsmart
4. (verb) It also has a meaning that is quite difficult to think of: surround so as to force to give up
(synonyms) beleaguer, besiege, hem in, surround

Collocation:
(v.) circumvent restrictions, attempt to circumvent

1. (v, n) Publicly disagree; public disagreement
2. Often used in lawful documents

Collocation:
(n.) political dissent

1. The word dilation is the noun form of dilate, "to make wider.”
2. Dilation is expansion, usually of an opening such as the pupil.
3. time dilation: a slowing of time in accordance with the theory of relativity that occurs in a system in motion relative to an outside observer and that becomes apparent especially as the speed of the system approaches that of light

Collocation:
(n.) time dilation

1. unctuous is derived from the Latin unctus which means "anointed with oil," which is where the "oily" connotation comes from.
2. Unctuous and "oily" are synonyms that both suggest that someone is trying to butter you up; they're being nice, because they're hoping you'll give them what they want. Talk-show hosts, used-car salesmen, people who want your job: all of these are people we think of (rightly or wrongly) as being unctuous.

Collocation:
(adj.) unctuous voice, unctuous texture

In original text:
"By leveraging the microprocessor as an oracular prefetcher and branch predictor,..."

The adjective form of oracle

Collocation:
(adj.) oracular cults, oracular pronouncements

1. The future is a foggy mystery, but a prophet sees beyond that fog to speak about what’s to come.
2. Prophet comes from the Greek word for “spokesman,” which explains another definition of prophet: someone who speaks on behalf of God
3. A fortune teller is a prophet, and so is a savvy computer designer who knows how technology will change in ten years

Collocation:
(n.) descendant of the Prophet

1. it is from the Greek empeirikos, meaning experienced.
2. It was originally used in medicine for doctors making choices based on observation and experiment rather than theoretical ideas.

"We used simulation to empirically confirm DVMC’s
error detection capability and gain insight into its impact"

Collocation:
(adj.) empirical evidence, empirical research; theoretical and empirical

1. judicious comes from the same Latin word from which we get judge and judiciary.
2. a judicious decision is one that only comes after all sides have been weighed up and opposing points of view taken into consideration.

Synonyms:heady, wise, prudent

Collocation:
(adj.) judicious use, judicious selection, judicious application

1. When you force an undesirable or harmful event on someone, you inflict it on them
2. The verb inflict comes from the Latin word inflictus, meaning “to strike or dash against.”
3. (inflict vs. afflict)afflict means to cause suffering or unhappiness, something a disease does, but inflict means to force pain or suffering, like if you smack someone upside the head.
Synonyms: bring down,impose
Collocation:
(v.) inflict damage, inflict heavy casualities, inflict ... upon

"Their work relied on the speed advantages of the actual processor rather than simulations that attempt to impersonate the processor"

1. Impersonate comes from the Latin in and persona, meaning "to invest with a personality."
2. You can also impersonate someone for comedic effect.

Synonyms: personate, pose; (assume or act the character of): portray; (with comic intentions): mock
Collocation:
(v.) impersonate someone

1. When you go swimming, you submerge your body in water.

Synonyms: submerse, drown, inundate(淹沒)

1. A credential is something that’s proof of a claim you make about yourself or your skills.
2. You’ll most often see the word credential used in its plural form: credentials.

Synonyms:certificate, certification

Collocation:
(n.) teaching credential, completion of a credential

Collocation:
(n.) optical lithography

1. To be reliant is to depend on someone or something
2. Being reliant is about being dependent. If you can do without something, you're not reliant on it.

Synonyms: dependent

Collocation:
(adj.) reliant on, reliant upon

1. Extraneous means coming from or belonging to the outside

synonyms: foreign, external; (not pertinent to the matter under consideration)immaterial, impertinent, orthogonal, irrelevant

Collocation:
(adj.) extraneous variables, extraneous factors

or the Trojan could leak confidential information and secret keys covertly to the adversary

1. Covert is the opposite of overt, which means obvious, something in full view.
2. a covert operation is one that no one but the president and a few generals know is happening.

Synonyms:
(adj.) implicit, secret, invisible, undisclosed
(n.) cover, screen, concealment

Collocation:
(adj.) covert operation, covert action

1. Profligate, as a noun or as an adjective, implies recklessly wasting your money on extravagant luxury.
2. It usually refers to financial behavior but can cross over to social activity as well.

Synonyms:
(adj.)
(unrestrained by convention or morality)debauched, degenerate, degraded, dissipated, dissolute, libertine
(recklessly wasteful) extravagant, prodigal, spendthrift
(n.)
rake, squanderer

Collocation:
profligate spending, profligate use

1. Proliferation is a rapid multiplication of parts or the increase in the number of something.
2. The proliferation of any living thing will often create an overpopulation problem and cause an environmental imbalance.

Collocation:
(n.) nuclear proliferation

1. To tamper is to alter or mess with something, usually for a bad reason.

Synonyms: fiddle, meddle
Collocation: tamper with, tamper the evidence, tamper the jury

1. It means to pass on, transmit, or bestow.
2. Studying imparts confidence as well as information, long life imparts wisdom, and anise seed imparts the flavor of licorice.

Synonyms:
(v.) add, bestow, bring

Collocation:
(v.) impart the knowledge, impart flavor

1. A ramification is an accidental consequence that complicates things.
2. The ramifications are the broader effects that fan out into the world from one situation, or decision, that kicks it all off.

Synonyms: complication, branching
Collocation: political ramification

This may include an enhanced memory management unit to manage a secure memory space, process isolation architecture, additional redundant circuitry for thwarting power analysis attacks, and fault detection circuitry

1. It used to be that when you said you would augur the future, it meant you would predict it. Now, that form has gone out of use, but the sense of prediction connected to an object or event remains. Dark clouds augur a rainstorm in the near future.

Collocation:
(v.) augur well

1. Volcanoes are described as dormant when they stay cool for a long time, without spewing hot lava and ash
2. Dormant comes from French dormir, "to sleep," and it refers to living things that are on a break rather than things that have died
3. Being dormant is being temporarily at rest,

Synonyms: abeyant, inactive, hibernating, quiescent
Collocation: lie dormant, lay dormant, dormant until, dormant volcano

These attacks are similar to emitter attacks, except that instead of simply issuing an extra instruction, they use some part of a legitimate instruction in order to change the number of transactions happening on-chip

1. If you procure something, you get it or bring it about by special effort.
2. obtain is a synonym of procure, but procure is more formal, while obtain is a little formal
3. Procure descends from Middle English procuren, from Old French procurer "to take care of," from Latin prōcūrāre, formed from the prefix prō- "for" plus cūrāre "to care for" (from cūra "care").
Synonyms: secure
Collocation: order to procure, able to procure

This week, we met Canon's G1 X Mark II. Judging by its nomenclature, we expected a straightforward update to 2012's PowerShot flagship.

Collocation:
nomenclature system

Synonyms: validate, support
Collocation:
(adj)corroborate sb's story, obtain evidence to corroborate

Synonyms: unasked, unrequested
Collocation:
(adj) unsolicited advice, unsolicited e-mail

1. While surreptitious means secret, it has the added sense of "sneaky" or "hidden."
2. You'll see surreptitious applied mostly to actions, rather than to things or ideas.

Synonyms: furtive, sneak, stealthy, covert
Collaboration:
(adj) surreptitious glance, surreptitious surveillance

1. To stipulate something means to demand that it be part of an agreement. So when you make a contract or deal, you can stipulate that a certain condition must be met.

2.Notice, the security automaton of Figure 4 does not stipulate that payment guarantees service—it only limits what the service provider can do once a customer has made payment.

1. Suppliant is not a word you hear often these days–-it was tailor-made to be used in the days when common people spent much of their lives on their knees in big stone buildings begging for things from monarchs or from God

1. Parsimony is a noun that means extreme care in spending money; reluctance to spend money unnecessarily
2. frugality

Collocation: principle of parsimony, model parsimony

1. Panel is derived from Old French and originally meant “a piece of cloth.”
2. Another frequently-seen meaning is : a group of people gathered for a special purpose as to plan or discuss an issue or judge a contest etc.
3. It can mean “jury”

1. When you impinge, you intrude on something, whether it’s someone else’s space, time, or rights. Think of it as moving in on someone’s territory.
2.The word also can be used in the sense of affecting something, usually negatively, often by restricting it.

Collocation: impinge upon
Synonyms: encroach, infringe

1. Apparent means obvious, but — and this is confusing — it can also mean something that seems to be true but isn't definite: "appearing as such but not necessarily so"
Synonyms: ostensible, seeming
Collocation: heir apparent(繼承人)

root of the word: Credulous comes from the 16th-century Latin credulus, or "easily believes."

1. People who believe things easily without having to be convinced are credulous. Calling someone credulous can imply that the person is naive and simple.
2. An individual isn't necessarily insulted by being called credulous, though, because some objects of belief, like religions and unicorns, come with a willing leap of faith for believing in what is unseen.

Synonmys: gullible

1. This can also used as a noun, and the meaning is: "a person who has radical ideas or opinions (激進份子)"
2. Another meaning is: arising from or going to the root or source

(v.)
1. It means to pass on, transmit, or bestow
2. Though it shares a root with the word part, impart doesn't mean to split into pieces, but rather to divide or share with another.

Synonyms:
1. (v) add, bestow, bring, contribute
2. (v: transmit knowledge or skills) give, pass on, bequeath
3. (v: transmit or serve as the medium for transmission) carry

Collocation:
Impart knowledge, impart wisdom, impart flavor

(adv) 雖然 儘管
1. Notwithstanding means "in spite of something."
2. In the most literal sense, notwithstanding actually means to successfully oppose or resist.

Synonyms:
all the same, even so, however

Collocation:
notwithstanding the fact, notwithstanding limitations, all the difficulties notwithstanding,

(adj)
1. When you're eloquent, you have a way with words.
2. Even though eloquent usually describes oral speech, it can also be used to describe powerful writing.
3. Being eloquent is about using words well

Synonyms:
facile, fluent,articulated

Collocation:
eloquent testimony, eloquent speech, eloquent statement

(v) 打量, 思忖, 沉思（某事物）
1. If you contemplate something, you think about it carefully.
2. Before you accept a job offer, or a college's offer of admission, you should take time to contemplate the pros and cons of your decision.
3. Contemplate is from Latin contemplatus, past participle of contemplari "to gaze attentively, observe," from the prefix com- "together" plus templum "temple."

Synonyms:
meditate, study, chew over, consider

Collocation:
contemplate the possibility, horrible to contemplate

(v)使痛苦或煩惱
1. The verb ail means to be sick or unwell — or cause to be so.
2. The verb ail is used for things that are metaphorically unwell or unhealthy.
3. Ail is used when referring to non-specific illnesses.
[(adj) ailing: 有病]

Synonyms:
pain, trouble

1. To mediate is to go from one to another and try to make peace.
2. Mediate derives from the Latin medius "middle," and people who mediate are in the middle, between the parties.

Synonyms:
arbitrate, intercede, intermediate, liaise

Collocation:
mediate between, mediate the relationship, mediate disputes,

(adj) 吝嗇的 貪婪的
1. Miserly people are stingy with their money and not likely to be generous
2. The adjective miserly evolved from the Latin word miser, which means “unhappy, wretched.
3. Be careful not to mix up the word miserly with misery — even though it can often be the unfortunate mental outcome of interacting with a miserly individual.

Synonyms:
ungenerous,mingy, stingy

1. To straggle is to veer from a route, or to wander aimlessly behind everyone else.
2. Straggling is a type of digressing — to straggle is to get sidetracked.

Synonyms
(v) depart, digress

Collocation
(n)straggle against

1. We often use this word when we talk about outdoor activities like hiking or camping, or when we talk about outfitting an army in the field, but it basically means "supply."
2. Provision comes from the Latin word that means to "attend to," you can pretty much guess what the verb form of this word describes: the act of supplying someone else with provisions.

Synonyms:
(n) supply, supplying, planning, preparation
(v) purvey

Collocations:
(n) provision of services, constitutional provision

1. The verb extrapolate can mean "to predict future outcomes based on known facts."
2. Another meaning of extrapolate is "estimate the value of."

Synonyms
(v) generalize, infer
(v.: estimate the value of) (?) interpolate

Collocation:
(v) extrapolate from, extrapolate motion

1. People who reign rule from a position above others
2. (n.)the period of time when a person or a group of people reign
3. Sometimes a stretch of time is called a reign, even without regard to who was the leader, as in a "reign of peace," or a period of time without war and conflict, in a place or government.

1. 跨欄比賽裡的欄架
2. the act of jumping over an obstacle

1. Tactic is another word for maneuver or method

Synonyms:
maneuver, method

Collocation:
a scare tactic, a delaying tactic, a stalling tactic

(adj)
1. The adjective parasitic is mainly a scientific term for talking about an organism that lives on a host, taking what it needs to stay alive while often injuring the host.

Synonyms:
1. (adj) parasitical
2. (adj: living off another) leechlike, blood sucking, dependent

Collocation
parasitic wasps, parasitic disease

(n)
1. a shape that sags
(v)
1. To droop is to limply or loosely hang downward.
2. On a day without wind, a flag will droop.

Synonyms
(n) sag
(v) flag, sag, swag, loll

Collocation:
shoulder droop, eyelids droop, voltage droop

1. A riddle or a puzzle

Synonyms:
brain-teaser, enigma

Collocation:
Pose a conundrum, solve a conundrum, philosophical conundrum

(adj) 環繞四周的
1. Ambient is an adjective used to describe an aspect of the environment that completely surrounds you, but in a mellow way.
2. Usually ambient describes a quiet or peaceful quality, but it can be aggressive too, like the ambient drone of war planes flying above that you can hear no matter where you hide.

Synonyms:
close

Collocation:
ambient temperature, ambient air, ambient light

(v) 肯定某事物屬實
1. To affirm something is to give it a big "YES" or to confirm that it is true.
2. it has a more weighty meaning in legal circles. In these cases, affirm means to verify or attest to the validity of something.

Synonyms:
assert, avow, verify
confirm, corroborate, substantiate, sustain

Collocation:
swear or affirm, affirm the importance,

(v) 不流動, 停滯, 成為一攤死水
1. stop moving forward
2. When water stagnates, it stops moving and then sometimes begins to smells bad and attract mosquitoes.

Synonyms:
idle, laze, slug

Collocation:
income stagnates, wage stagnates

(v) 大量消耗, 大量削減某物的數量
1. to use up, to drain

Synonyms:
consume, exhaust, occupy, wipe out, use up

Collocation:
deplete ozone, deplete energy

(v) 使氣餒,威嚇
1. Daunt means to frighten or scare off and, conveniently, it rhymes with haunt, another word which means to frighten, thought in a creepier sense.
2. Daunt often shows up as part of the adjective undaunted

Synonyms:
dash, frighten off, pall, scare

(n)[U] 榮譽
1. You get kudos for doing something well
2. Getting kudos for doing something that makes you famous or well-known is possible too, though it's easier to get kudos just for doing a good job.
3. Kudos looks like a plural noun, but the s is just the ending of the original Greek word.

Synonyms:
congratulations, extolment, praise

Collocation:
earn kudos, receive kudos, deserve kudos

(n) 圍繞, 圍牆, 附件
1. An enclosure is something that closes you in, like a pen or a cage
2. An enclosure can also be something that's included in an envelope with a cover letter of some sort.

Synonyms:
fence, wall,barrier
inclosure

Collocation:
inside the enclosure, within the enclosure,glass enclosure, hyena enclosure

(v.) 爆炸,引爆
1. To detonate is to explode or cause something to explode

Synonyms:
blow up, explode, set off

Collocation:
detonate explosives, detonate bombs, plot to detonate

(v) 使某人[自己]捲入（爭吵或困境中)
1. To embroil is to drag someone in to a mess
2. generally far more long-term, than simply being "involved" with something.
3. Embroil can refer to any sort of situation — love affairs, political events, scandals — but it's probably most commonly used in reference to law suits.

Synonyms:
drag, drag in, tangle

(n.) 裂縫, 縫隙; 朋友間的不和,裂痕
1. Rift sounds like rip, and it's helpful to think of it that way
2. Rift has a slightly different sense than break. A group can have a rift without having fully broken apart.

Synonyms:
breach, break, rupture, severance

Collocation:
rift between, rift valley

(n)
1. Propaganda is the spreading of information in support of a cause
2. It’s not so important whether the information is true or false or if the cause is just or not
3. often used in a negative sense

Synonyms:
rumour

Collocation:
propaganda campaign, propaganda against, propaganda purposes

(v)犯下過失
1. perpetrate means to commit or be responsible for something — usually something mischievous or bad.

Synonyms:
commit, pull

Collocation:
perpetrate violence, perpetrate fraud

(v) 支撐; 延續
1. support something, supply with necessities and support
2. keep it going
3. establish or strengthen as with new evidence or facts

Synonyms:
keep, maintain, support
prolong,
affirm, confirm, corroborate

Collocation:
sustain life, ability to sustain

(n)
1. If you are a dissident, you are a person who is rebelling against a government.
2. Dissidents can do their work peacefully or with violence.
3. Dissident is closely related to the word, dissent, which means objecting.
(adj)
1. characterized by departure from accepted beliefs or standards

Synonyms:
(n) contestant, dissenter, objector
(adj) unorthodox, heretical, heterodox

Collocation:
dissident group, a political dissident

(adj) 古代的,已不通用的
1. If you use the adjective archaic you are referring to something outmoded, belonging to an earlier period.

Synonyms:
antiquated, old,
primitive

Collocation:
archaic Greek, archaic language, archaic forms

(adj) 間歇性的,斷斷續續的
1. fitful means stopping and starting, on-again off-again, switching suddenly.
2. A fit is a disturbance that happens without warning, like a tantrum, tremor, or spasm. If something is fitful, it's "full of fits."

Synonyms:
spasmodic, sporadic, off-and-on, interrupted

Collocation:
fitful sleep, fitful night

(n)投射物, 子彈
1. A projectile is a type of weapon that is propelled towards its target
(adj)可通過大氣,水等發射的
1. As an adjective, projectile means "propelled forward" as in a projectile force or weapon.
2. impelling or impelled forward

Synonyms:
(n) missile
(adj) dynamic, dynamical

Collocation:
projectile vomiting, projectile weapons

(n)宗教中所說的煉獄;受難的處所或情況
1. for centuries, purgatory was often regarded as an actual physical place
2. Today, if you say you are in purgatory, you feel stuck or not able to continue towards a goal
[(adj):purgatorial]

Collocation:
souls in purgatory, doctrine of purgatory,

(adj) 雜食性的
1. An omnivorous animal eats meat and plants
2. omni means "all" and vorare is "to devour"
3. you can use it to describe someone with a very curious mind, who wants to "devour" everything with their brain, but not with their teeth.

Synonyms:
all-devouring

Collocation:
an omnivorous reader, omnivorous feeding habits, ab omnivorous diet

(n) 破壞
1. Demolition is the act of knocking something down or totally destroying it

Synonyms:
destruction, wipeout

Collocation:
slated for demolition,demolition derby

(v) （向當局）告發某人
1. To denounce is to tattle, rat out, or speak out against something.
2. The prefix de- means "down," as in destroy or demolish (tear down).
3. It's a word that shows up in the headlines often, as a country might denounce a corrupt election.

Synonyms:
accuse, condemn, censure

Collocation:
publicly denounce, denounce violence

(n) 沉澱物
1. The noun sediment comes from the Latin word sedere, meaning “to settle,” or “sit.”
2. Sediment is the little bits of solids that sink to the bottom of a container of liquid, whether that container is a body of water or a holding tank at a sewage treatment plant.
(v) 沉澱

Synonyms:
deposit

Collocation:
sediment transportation, aquatic sediment, sediment biodiversity

(v)使損傷, 使殘缺
1. Mutilate is a verb that means to injure or ruin, usually in a brutal or messy way.
2. Mutilate can also mean altering an object so it's unrecognizable.
3. Once you mutilate something, it'll no longer resemble its original form. Celebrities who get too much plastic surgery are said to mutilate their faces, because they no longer look like themselves.

Synonyms:
cut up, mangle

(adj): 自負的 虛榮的
1. A pompous person is arrogant or conceited.
2. But it's actually derived from the Old French pompeux, which meant “stately." And that's why you can also use pompous to describe something with a lot of ceremonial or stately display

Synonyms:
grandiloquent,pontifical, portentous

Collocation:
pompous fool

(adj) 輕率的; 魯莽的; 衝動的
1. Someone impetuous acts too hastily or carelessly.
2. Being impetuous usually goes along with being impatient and easily angered.
(adj)
1. marked by violent force

Synonyms:
hotheaded,impulsive,brainish

Collocation:
impetuous act, impetuous behavior
impetuous vortex