Lily's Reading 1 TOEFL iBT

Mr. Moyer (United States of America)
Word list from the first reading coming from Barron's TOEFL iBT.
22 words 20 learners

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Full list of words from this list:

words only definitions & notes
  1. epic
    a long narrative poem telling of a hero's deeds
    P1→ The epic poem Beowulf, written in Old English, is the earliest existing Germanic epic and one of four surviving Anglo-Saxon manuscripts.
  2. manuscript
    the form of a literary work submitted for publication
    P1→ The epic poem Beowulf, written in Old English, is the earliest existing Germanic epic and one of four surviving Anglo-Saxon manuscripts.
  3. anonymous
    having no known name or identity or known source
    Although Beowulf was written by an anonymous Englishman in Old English, the tale takes place in that part of Scandinavia from which Germanic tribes emigrated to England.
  4. emigrate
    leave one's country of residence for a new one
    Although Beowulf was written by an anonymous Englishman in Old English, the tale takes place in that part of Scandinavia from which Germanic tribes emigrated to England.
  5. myth
    a traditional story serving to explain a world view
    The Beowulf epic contains three major tales about Beowulf and several minor tales that reflect a rich Germanic oral tradition of myths, legends, and folklore.
  6. legend
    a story about mythical or supernatural beings or events
    The Beowulf epic contains three major tales about Beowulf and several minor tales that reflect a rich Germanic oral tradition of myths, legends, and folklore.
  7. folklore
    the unwritten stories and proverbs and songs of a culture
    The Beowulf epic contains three major tales about Beowulf and several minor tales that reflect a rich Germanic oral tradition of myths, legends, and folklore.
  8. warrior
    someone engaged in or experienced in warfare
    P2→ The Beowulf warriors have a foot in both the Bronze and Iron Ages.
  9. shield
    armor carried on the arm to intercept blows
    Their mead-halls reflect the wealthy living of the Bronze Age Northmen, and their wooden shields, wood-shafted spears, and bronze-hilted swords are those of the Bronze Age warrior.
  10. shaft
    a long rod or pole, especially the body of a weapon
    Their mead-halls reflect the wealthy living of the Bronze Age Northmen, and their wooden shields, wood-shafted spears, and bronze-hilted swords are those of the Bronze Age warrior.
  11. spear
    a long pointed rod used as a tool or weapon
    Their mead-halls reflect the wealthy living of the Bronze Age Northmen, and their wooden shields, wood-shafted spears, and bronze-hilted swords are those of the Bronze Age warrior.
  12. cutting-edge
    in accord with the most fashionable ideas or style
    Iron replaced bronze because it produced a blade with a cutting edge that was stronger and sharper.
  13. bog
    wet spongy ground of decomposing vegetation
    Iron was accessible everywhere in Scandinavia, usually in the form of “bog-iron” found in the layers of peat in peat bogs.
  14. layer
    a single thickness of some substance or material
    Iron was accessible everywhere in Scandinavia, usually in the form of “bog-iron” found in the layers of peat in peat bogs.
  15. aspect
    a characteristic to be considered
    P3→ The Beowulf epic also reveals interesting aspects of the lives of the Anglo-Saxons who lived in England at the time of the anonymous Beowulf poet.
  16. angle
    the space between two lines or planes that intersect
    The Germanic tribes, including the Angles, the Saxons, and the Jutes, invaded England from about A.D.
  17. flourish
    grow vigorously
    B Scholars do not know whether Beowulf is the sole surviving epic from a flourishing Anglo-Saxon literary period that produced other great epics or whether it was unique even in its own time.
  18. monastery
    the residence of a religious community
    If they are correct, the original manuscript was probably lost during the ninth-century Viking invasions of Anglia, in which the Danes destroyed the Anglo-Saxon monasteries and their great libraries.
  19. pagan
    a person following a polytheistic or pre-Christian religion
    D He apparently was a Christian who loved the pagan heroic tradition of his ancestors and blended the values of the pagan hero with the Christian values of his own country and time.
  20. blend
    mix together different elements
    D He apparently was a Christian who loved the pagan heroic tradition of his ancestors and blended the values of the pagan hero with the Christian values of his own country and time.
  21. cowardice
    the trait of lacking courage
    The behavior of Beowulf’s warriors in the dragon fight reveals their cowardice.
  22. transitory
    lasting a very short time
    P7→ Finally, the Beowulf poet exhibits a mature appreciation of the transitory nature of human life and achievement.
Created on Wed Dec 18 11:48:41 EST 2013 (updated Wed Dec 18 12:05:57 EST 2013)

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