SKIP TO CONTENT

The Iliad: Book 4

by Homer
Translated from the original Greek by Robert Fagles, this epic poem relates events from the Trojan War, including the exploits of Achilles.
30 words 64 learners

Learn words with Flashcards and other activities

Full list of words from this list:

  1. confer
    have a meeting in order to talk something over
    Now aloft by the side of Zeus the gods sat in council,
    conferring across Olympus' golden floor as noble Hebe
    poured them rounds of nectar.
  2. grisly
    shockingly repellent; inspiring horror
    So now we plan how the war will all work out:
    do we rouse the pain and grisly fighting once again
    or hand down pacts of peace between both armies?
  3. breach
    make an opening or gap in
    Only if you could breach
    their gates and their long walls and devour Priam
    and Priam's sons and the Trojan armies raw—
    then you just might cure your rage at last.
  4. steward
    someone who manages property or affairs for someone else
    One would glance at a comrade, groaning, “What next—
    battle again, more pain and grisly fighting?
    Or pacts between both armies? Peace from Zeus,
    the great steward on high who rules our mortal wars?"
  5. pyre
    wood heaped for burning a dead body as a funeral rite
    Just let him see Menelaus, Atreus' fighting son
    brought down by your shaft and hoisted onto his pyre,
    mourned with grief and tears!
  6. clamber
    climb awkwardly, as if by scrambling
    Then and there he unstrapped his polished bow,
    the horn of a wild goat he'd shot in the chest
    one day as the springy ibex clambered down a cliff.
  7. cohort
    a band of warriors
    Superb equipment—bending it back hard
    the archer strung his bow...
    propping an end against the ground as cohorts
    braced their shields in a tight wedge to hide him,
    fearing bands of Argives might just leap to their feet
    before he could hit Menelaus, Atreus' fighting son.
  8. skew
    turn or place at an angle
    She reared before you, skewed the tearing shaft,
    flicking it off your skin as quick as a mother
    flicks a fly from her baby sleeping softly.
  9. barb
    a point facing the main point making an arrowhead or spear
    And veteran Menelaus cringed himself but saw
    the lashing-cords and barbs outside the gash
    and his courage flooded back inside his chest.
  10. wreak
    cause to happen or to occur as a consequence
    Let Agamemnon wreak his anger so on all his foes!
  11. deftly
    in an agile manner
    When he saw the wound
    where the tearing arrow hit, he sucked out the blood
    and deftly applied the healing salves that Chiron,
    friend of Asclepius, gave his father long ago.
  12. salve
    a preparation applied externally as a soothing remedy
    When he saw the wound
    where the tearing arrow hit, he sucked out the blood
    and deftly applied the healing salves that Chiron,
    friend of Asclepius, gave his father long ago.
  13. don
    put on clothes
    And all the while they worked over Menelaus
    whose cry could marshal armies, on the Trojans came,
    columns armed for assault, and again the Argives
    donned their gear and roused their lust for war.
  14. braggart
    a very boastful and talkative person
    You Argives—
    glorious braggarts! Disgraces—have you no shame?
  15. craven
    lacking even the rudiments of courage; abjectly fearful
    Standing there dazed, your fighting spirit dead—
    what are you waiting for? You want these Trojans
    to pin you against your high stems beached in the surf?
    To see if Zeus will stretch his hands above your heads
    and save your craven lives?
  16. infantry
    an army unit consisting of soldiers who fight on foot
    Elated and making way
    through crowds of troops he found the two called Ajax,
    Great and Little, both captains armed for attack
    with a cloud of infantry forming up behind them.
  17. incite
    urge on; cause to act
    Chiefs of the Argives armed in bronze,
    no orders for you—it's wrong to incite you two,
    you lead your men to war in so much force.
  18. prowess
    a superior skill learned by study and practice
    Let no man,
    so sure of his horsemanship and soldier's prowess,
    dare to fight it out alone with the Trojans,
    exposed in front of his lines.
  19. seasoned
    aged or processed
    And Nestor the seasoned charioteer replied,
    "True, Atrides, if only I were the man I was,
    years ago, when I cut down rugged Ereuthalion…
    but the gods won't give us all their gifts at once...."
  20. bluster
    vain and empty boasting
    Just you watch,
    if you'll take the time and care to taste some action,
    watch Telemachus' loving father lock and fight
    with enemy champions, stallion-breaking Trojans.
    You and your bluster—you are talking nonsense!
  21. impetuous
    characterized by undue haste and lack of thought
    And he came on Tydeus' son, impetuous Diomedes
    standing by in his bolted car behind his team
    with Sthenelus flanked beside him, Capaneus' son.
  22. steadfast
    firm and dependable especially in loyalty
    Taunting so,
    and steadfast Diomedes offered no reply…
    overawed by the king's majestic scorn.
  23. bravado
    a swaggering show of courage
    We are the ones who stormed the seven gates of Thebes,
    heading a weaker force and facing stronger walls
    but obeying the gods' signs and backed by Zeus.
    Our fathers? Fools. Their own bravado killed them.
  24. resolute
    firm in purpose or belief
    But resolute Diomedes gave him a dark glance:
    "Sit down, my friend, be quiet. Listen to me.
    I don't blame Agamemnon, our commander in chief,
    for goading his combat-ready Argives into battle...."
  25. goad
    urge with or as if with a prod
    But resolute Diomedes gave him a dark glance:
    "Sit down, my friend, be quiet. Listen to me.
    I don't blame Agamemnon, our commander in chief,
    for goading his combat-ready Argives into battle...."
  26. bleat
    cry plaintively like a sheep or goat
    But not the Trojans, no…
    like flocks of sheep in a wealthy rancher's steadings,
    thousands crowding to have their white milk drained,
    bleating nonstop when they hear their crying lambs—
    so the shouts rose up from the long Trojan lines
    and not one cry, no common voice to bind them
    all together, their tongues mixed and clashed,
    their men hailed from so many far-flung countries.
  27. torrent
    a violently fast stream of water or other liquid
    Wildly as two winter torrents raging down from the mountains,
    swirling into a valley, hurl their great waters together,
    flash floods from the wellsprings plunging down in a gorge
    and miles away in the hills a shepherd hears the thunder—
    so from the grinding armies broke the cries and crash of war.
  28. stripling
    a person who is older than 12 but younger than 20
    And Telamonian Ajax struck Anthemion's son,
    the hardy stripling Simoisius, still unwed...
  29. sprawl
    sit or lie with one's limbs spread out
    Antiphus hurled at him—
    the son of Priam wearing a gleaming breastplate
    let fly through the lines but his sharp spear missed
    and he hit Leucus instead, Odysseus' loyal comrade,
    gouging his groin as the man hauled off a corpse—
    it dropped from his hands and Leucus sprawled across it.
  30. reel
    walk as if unable to control one's movements
    Look, there were Pirous' cohorts bunched in a ring,
    Thracians, topknots waving, clutching their long pikes
    and rugged, strong and proud as the Trojan Thoas was,
    they shoved him back—he gave ground, staggering, reeling.
Created on Wed Oct 03 16:05:02 EDT 2018 (updated Tue Apr 20 09:31:41 EDT 2021)

Sign up now (it’s free!)

Whether you’re a teacher or a learner, Vocabulary.com can put you or your class on the path to systematic vocabulary improvement.