Statistics and Probability - High School

There's a strong probability that you'll want review this list of terms related to statistics. Learn about data, plots, and random sampling. Odds are that you'll never confuse the words mean and median again.
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Full list of words from this list:

words only definitions & notes
  1. association
    a relation resulting from interaction or dependence
  2. causation
    the act of making something happen
  3. complement
    either of two parts that create a whole
  4. conclusion
    a position or opinion reached after consideration
  5. conditional probability
    the probability that an event will occur given that one or more other events have occurred
  6. correlation
    a statistical relation between two or more variables
  7. correlation coefficient
    a statistic representing how closely two variables co-vary
  8. data
    a collection of facts from which conclusions may be drawn
  9. decision
    the act of making up your mind about something
  10. distribution
    an arrangement of values of a variable by frequency
  11. empirical
    derived from experiment and observation rather than theory
  12. expected value
    the sum of the values of a random variable divided by the number of values
  13. exponential
    involving a quantity being multiplied by itself
  14. frequency
    the number of observations in a given statistical category
  15. frequency distribution
    a distribution of observed frequencies of occurrence of the values of a variable
  16. function
    a mathematical relation associating elements between sets
  17. histogram
    a bar chart representing a frequency distribution
  18. independent
    free from external control and constraint
  19. inference
    a conclusion you can draw based on known evidence
  20. intercept
    the point at which a line intersects a coordinate axis
  21. intersection
    the set of elements common to two or more sets
  22. linear
    involving an equation whose terms are of the first degree
  23. margin of error
    the margin required in order to insure safety
  24. mean
    an average computed by adding some function of the numbers
  25. median
    the value below which 50% of the cases fall
  26. model
    a representation of something, often on a smaller scale
  27. negative correlation
    a correlation in which large values of one variable are associated with small values of the other; the correlation coefficient is between 0 and -1
  28. normal curve
    a symmetrical curve representing the normal distribution
  29. outcome
    a phenomenon that is caused by some previous phenomenon
  30. outlier
    a person or thing that does not conform to a norm
  31. parameter
    a quantity that characterizes a statistical population
  32. permutation
    a change in the order or arrangement of objects in a group
  33. plot
    a chart, map, or graph showing progress, distribution, etc.
  34. population
    the entire aggregation from which samples can be drawn
  35. positive correlation
    a correlation in which large values of one variable are associated with large values of the other and small with small; the correlation coefficient is between 0 and +1
  36. probability
    a measure of how likely it is that some event will occur
  37. proportion
    relation with respect to comparative quantity or magnitude
  38. quadratic
    of or relating to the second power
  39. random sample
    a sample in which every element in the population has an equal chance of being selected
  40. random variable
    a variable quantity that is random
  41. randomization
    an arrangement or selection that depends on chance
  42. relative frequency
    the ratio of the number of observations in a statistical category to the total number of observations
  43. simulation
    representation of something, often on a smaller scale
  44. slope
    the property of a line that departs from the horizontal
  45. spread
    a conspicuous disparity or difference as between two figures
  46. standard deviation
    the square root of the variance
  47. statistics
    a branch of mathematics concerned with quantitative data
  48. survey
    a detailed critical inspection
  49. trend
    a general direction in which something tends to move
  50. union
    a set containing only the members of two or more given sets
  51. variable
    a symbol that is used in mathematical or logical expressions
Created on Wed Feb 08 09:41:19 EST 2017 (updated Wed Mar 29 15:54:42 EDT 2017)

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