types:
- show 29 types...
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ribose
a pentose sugar important as a component of ribonucleic acid
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beet sugar
sugar made from sugar beets
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cane sugar
sucrose obtained from sugar cane
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deoxyribose
a sugar that is a constituent of nucleic acids
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invert sugar
a mixture of equal parts of glucose and fructose resulting from the hydrolysis of sucrose; found naturally in fruits; sweeter than glucose
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maple sugar
sugar made from the sap of the sugar maple tree
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monosaccharide, monosaccharose, simple sugar
a sugar (like sucrose or fructose) that does not hydrolyse to give other sugars; the simplest group of carbohydrates
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oligosaccharide
any of the carbohydrates that yield only a few monosaccharide molecules on complete hydrolysis
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polyose, polysaccharide
any of a class of carbohydrates whose molecules contain chains of monosaccharide molecules
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jaggary, jaggery, jagghery
unrefined brown sugar made from palm sap
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wood sugar, xylose
a sugar extracted from wood or straw; used in foods for diabetics
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Lipo-Hepin, Liquaemin, heparin
a polysaccharide produced in basophils (especially in the lung and liver) and that inhibits the activity of thrombin in coagulation of the blood; it (trade names Lipo-Hepin and Liquaemin) is used as an anticoagulant in the treatment of thrombosis and in heart surgery
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triose
any monosaccharide sugar containing three atoms of carbon per molecule
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tetrose
any monosaccharide sugar containing four atoms of carbon per molecule
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pentose
any monosaccharide sugar containing five atoms of carbon per molecule
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hexose
a monosaccharide that contains six carbon atoms per molecule
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aldose
a monosaccharide sugar that contains the aldehyde group or is hemiacetal
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chitin
a tough semitransparent horny substance; the principal component of the exoskeletons of arthropods and the cell walls of certain fungi
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cellulose
a polysaccharide that is the chief constituent of all plant tissues and fibers
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animal starch, glycogen
one form in which body fuel is stored; stored primarily in the liver and broken down into glucose when needed by the body
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inulin
used to manufacture fructose and in assessing kidney function
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demerara
a light brown raw cane sugar from Guyana
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dextrin
any of various polysaccharides obtained by hydrolysis of starch; a tasteless and odorless gummy substance that is used as a thickening agent and in adhesives and in dietary supplements
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disaccharide
any of a variety of carbohydrates that yield two monosaccharide molecules on complete hydrolysis
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ketose
any monosaccharide sugar that contains a ketone group or its hemiacetal
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mucopolysaccharide
complex polysaccharides containing an amino group; occur chiefly as components of connective tissue
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amylum, starch
a complex carbohydrate found chiefly in seeds, fruits, tubers, roots and stem pith of plants, notably in corn, potatoes, wheat, and rice; an important foodstuff and used otherwise especially in adhesives and as fillers and stiffeners for paper and textiles
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tetrasaccharide
any of a variety of carbohydrates that yield four monosaccharide molecules on complete hydrolysis
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trisaccharide
any of a variety of carbohydrates that yield three monosaccharide molecules on complete hydrolysis