Multiple Regression article

Homer B. (United States of America)
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  1. biserial correlation
    a correlation coefficient in which one variable is many-valued and the other is dichotomous
    Dichotomous variables were
    coded “0” or “1” and entered into the model as point
    biserial correlations.
  2. regression coefficient
    when the regression line is linear (y = ax + b) the regression coefficient is the constant (a) that represents the rate of change of one variable (y) as a function of changes in the other (x); it is the slope of the regression line
    The unstandardized regression
    coefficient     (B) for the interaction term is −.009
    indicating that as the number of separation and loss events
    increase, the slope of family of origin violence on current
    violence goes down.
  3. correlational analysis
    the use of statistical correlation to evaluate the strength of the relations between variables
    Since intergenerational transmission models
    of family violence are primarily applied to analyses of
    probability of occurrence, an analysis of perpetrator samples
    (where the probability of occurrence is, by definition,
    100%) requires a correlational analysis.
  4. correlational statistics
    a statistical relation between two or more variables such that systematic changes in the value of one variable are accompanied by systematic changes in the other
    In light of
    Straus’s (1979) original caution against the use of the CTS
    in correlational statistics, because of skewed distributions
    of violence scores in normal populations (although acts
    120 Carvo
    of aggression are more common in a treatment sample),
    procedures for data transformation were performed.
  5. predictor variable
    a variable that can be used to predict the value of another variable (as in statistical regression)
    Following a series of
    bivariate correlations to determine which variables to include
    in the model, multiple regression analysis was used
    to test several combinations of predictor variables.
  6. bivariate
    having two variables
    Following a series of
    bivariate correlations to determine which variables to include
    in the model, multiple regression analysis was used
    to test several combinations of predictor variables.
  7. multiple regression
    a statistical technique that predicts values of one variable on the basis of two or more other variables
    This study was undertaken in an effort to broaden the theoretical basis of intergenerational
    transmission of domestic violence by assessing if incorporating variables from attachment
    theory (measures of separation and loss) with exposure to violence in family of origin would increase
    predictive power of a multiple regression model.
  8. skewness
    an oblique or slanting asymmetry
    An
    index of skewness of 1.6 was computed for the sample.
  9. regression analysis
    the use of regression to make quantitative predictions of one variable from the values of another
    The multiple regression
    analysis     of skewed data is possible when the data are
    mathematically transformed into a more normal distribution.
  10. dependent variable
    a quantity whose value depends on another quantity
    The
    distribution of standardized residuals for predicted values
    of current levels of violence demonstrated no systematic
    pattern, indicating overall equality of variance at each
    level of the dependent variable.
  11. independent variable
    a value that does not depend on changes in other values
    Each item was initially considered a separate
    independent variable.
  12. correlation coefficient
    a statistic representing how closely two variables co-vary
    The correlation coefficients for the remaining
    variables are shown in Tables III and IV.
    The range of statistically significant correlations
    for separation and loss events is from a rather weak
    .20 (number of times mother lived away) to a stronger
    .46 (total separation and loss events).
  13. histogram
    a bar chart representing a frequency distribution
    Taking the square root of the scores produced
    an index of skewness of .59 and produced a histogram
    which most conformed with the normal distribution; this
    transformation of current violence CTS scores was used
    in all subsequent correlational analysis.
  14. standard deviation
    the square root of the variance
    The mean
    score was 11.8 with a standard deviation of 12.7.
  15. regression
    returning to a former state
    This study was undertaken in an effort to broaden the theoretical basis of intergenerational
    transmission of domestic violence by assessing if incorporating variables from attachment
    theory (measures of separation and loss) with exposure to violence in family of origin would increase
    predictive power of a multiple regression model.
  16. normal distribution
    a theoretical distribution with finite mean and variance
    The multiple regression
    analysis of skewed data is possible when the data are
    mathematically transformed into a more normal distribution.
  17. variable
    something that is likely to change
    The intergenerational transmission of domestic violence is most commonly studied from the perspective
    of social learning theory, with the consequence that variables external to that perspective are
    often overlooked.
  18. correlation
    a reciprocal connection between two or more things
    Holtzworth-Munroe et al. (1997)
    observed, in their review of the research, that the correlations
    found between family of origin violence and current
    partner violence were not strong and may be mediated
    by other variables.
  19. residual
    relating to or indicating a remainder
    Accordingly, this inquiry has focused attention on
    the residual learned effects of family of origin violence,
    with less attention paid to other possible avenues of family
    of origin influence.
  20. conceptualization
    inventing or contriving an idea or explanation
    Bowlby (1984) also outlined an interpretive protocol
    of family violence derived from attachment theory,
    which moves toward a conceptualization of child abuse
    and spousal violence as an expression of similar processes.
  21. coefficient
    a constant number that serves as a measure of some property
    The internal consistency reliability of the CTS subscales,
    as used in this study, showed alpha coefficients
    ranging from .77 to .92 for various subscales and applications.
  22. discrete
    constituting a separate entity or part
    The interpretation of the effects of discrete separation
    and loss events upon current levels of violence is less
    clear.
  23. dichotomous
    divided into two sharply distinguished parts
    Dichotomous variables were
    coded “0” or “1” and entered into the model as point
    biserial correlations.
  24. logarithmic
    of or relating to or using logarithms
    Data transformations were
    performed and compared to assess whichmight better satisfy
    the requirements for a normal distribution of scores.A
    logarithmic transformation, although producing the lowest
    skewness index, exaggerated both tails of the distribution.
  25. correlate
    bear a reciprocal or mutual relation
    In effect,
    although skewed, the data correlate in roughly linear
    fashion and the equality of variance assumption does not
    suffer greatly.
  26. outlier
    a person or thing that does not conform to a norm
    A histogram of the standardized residuals was
    produced and no outliers were identified.
  27. variance
    the quality of being subject to change
    The
    distribution of standardized residuals for predicted values
    of current levels of violence demonstrated no systematic
    pattern, indicating overall equality of variance at each
    level of the dependent variable.
  28. permutation
    a complete change in character or condition
    Subsequent analyses of family
    of origin violence, in various permutations of predictor
    models, demonstrated, however, greater effects for
    124 Carvo
    parental child abuse upon current levels of violence than
    did paternal spousal violence.
  29. attribution
    assigning to a cause or source
    It is difficult to predict the direction of
    that bias in any individual case:justifying current behavior
    by attribution to early life experience or reluctance to
    report early life events.
  30. proximity
    the property of being close together
    Attachment behavior refers to the
    seeking, attaining, or retaining of proximity to a preferred
    and differentiated caregiver.Attachment in humans is seen
    as being similar to that of nonhuman mammals and that
    the preference infants display for particular caregivers is
    similar to imprinting responses in subhumans.
  31. attributable
    indicating the source or cause of something
    For example, if some aspects of domestic violence may
    be attributable to the emotional aftermath of disrupted attachment
    in childhood, not to learned models of behavior,
    standard psycho-educational interventions may not be adequate.
  32. hypothesis
    a tentative insight that is not yet verified or tested
    However, the stronger correlation of an aggregatemeasure
    of separation and loss (in fact demonstrating a stronger
    correlation than do child abuse or parental spousal violence
    in the family of origin) provides not only adequate
    support to the hypothesis, but also begins to suggest how
    cumulative effects of separation and loss may impact
    violent behavior.
Created on Wed Mar 09 12:11:02 EST 2011

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