Biology - Cytosol - Chapter 6

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  1. cytosol
    the aqueous part of the cytoplasm within which various particles and organelles are suspended
    The part of the cytoplasm that is not held within organelles is called the cytosol.
  2. cytoskeleton
    a microscopic network of actin filaments and microtubules in the cytoplasm of many living cells that gives the cell shape and coherence
    The cytosol is a complex mixture of cytoskeleton filaments, dissolved molecules, and water that fills much of the volume of a cell.
  3. eukaryotic
    having cells with `good' or membrane-bound nuclei
    In eukaryotic cells also, the cytoplasm contains organelles, such as mitochondria, which are filled with liquid that is kept separate from the rest of the cytoplasm by biological membranes.
  4. prokaryote
    a unicellular organism lacking a membrane-bound nucleus
    All the contents of the cells of prokaryote organisms (which lack a cell nucleus) are contained within the cytoplasm.
  5. organelle
    a specialized part of a cell; analogous to an organ
    The cytoplasm is a thick liquid residing between the cell membrane holding organelles, except for the nucleus.
  6. cytoplasm
    the substance inside a cell, not including the nucleus
    The cytoplasm is a thick liquid residing between the cell membrane holding organelles, except for the nucleus.
  7. macromolecular
    relating to or consisting of or characterized by macromolecules
    Due to this network of pores and high concentrations of dissolved macromolecules, such as proteins, an effect called macromolecular crowding occurs and the cytosol does not act as an ideal solution.
  8. eukaryote
    an organism of one or more cells with membrane-bound nuclei
    Within the cells of eukaryote organisms the contents of the cell nucleus are separated from the cytoplasm, and are then called the nucleoplasm.
  9. nucleoplasm
    the protoplasm that constitutes the nucleus of a cell
    Within the cells of eukaryote organisms the contents of the cell nucleus are separated from the cytoplasm, and are then called the nucleoplasm.
  10. glycolysis
    metabolic process that breaks down carbohydrates and sugars
    It is within the cytoplasm that most cellular activities occur, such as many metabolic pathways including glycolysis, and processes such as cell division.
  11. macromolecule
    any very large complex molecule
    Due to this network of pores and high concentrations of dissolved macromolecules, such as proteins, an effect called macromolecular crowding occurs and the cytosol does not act as an ideal solution.
  12. cell nucleus
    a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction
    All the contents of the cells of prokaryote organisms (which lack a cell nucleus) are contained within the cytoplasm.
  13. endoplasm
    the inner portion of the gelatinous liquid inside a cell
    The inner, granular mass is called the endoplasm and the outer, clear and glassy layer is called the cell cortex or the ectoplasm.
  14. cell membrane
    a thin membrane enclosing the cytoplasm of a cell
    The cytoplasm is a thick liquid residing between the cell membrane holding organelles, except for the nucleus.
  15. mitochondrion
    part of a cell involved in energy production
    In eukaryotic cells also, the cytoplasm contains organelles, such as mitochondria, which are filled with liquid that is kept separate from the rest of the cytoplasm by biological membranes.
  16. ectoplasm
    the thin, watery outer layer of a cell
    The inner, granular mass is called the endoplasm and the outer, clear and glassy layer is called the cell cortex or the ectoplasm.
  17. cell division
    the process in reproduction and growth by which a cell divides to form daughter cells
    It is within the cytoplasm that most cellular activities occur, such as many metabolic pathways including glycolysis, and processes such as cell division.
  18. metabolic
    of or relating to metabolism
    It is within the cytoplasm that most cellular activities occur, such as many metabolic pathways including glycolysis, and processes such as cell division.
  19. granular
    composed of or covered with particles resembling meal
    The inner, granular mass is called the endoplasm and the outer, clear and glassy layer is called the cell cortex or the ectoplasm.
  20. nucleus
    a part of the cell responsible for growth and reproduction
    The cytoplasm is a thick liquid residing between the cell membrane holding organelles, except for the nucleus.
  21. cell
    the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms
    The cytoplasm is a thick liquid residing between the cell membrane holding organelles, except for the nucleus.
  22. cortex
    the tissue forming the outer layer of an organ or structure
    The inner, granular mass is called the endoplasm and the outer, clear and glassy layer is called the cell cortex or the ectoplasm.
  23. gel
    a colloid in a more solid form than a sol
    The cytosol is a gel, with a network of fibers dispersed through water.
  24. membrane
    a sheet of tissue that lines or connects organs or cells
    The cytoplasm is a thick liquid residing between the cell membrane holding organelles, except for the nucleus.
  25. filament
    a thin wire heated by the passage of an electric current
    The cytosol is a complex mixture of cytoskeleton filaments, dissolved molecules, and water that fills much of the volume of a cell.
  26. organism
    a living thing that can act or function independently
    All the contents of the cells of prokaryote organisms (which lack a cell nucleus) are contained within the cytoplasm.
  27. cellular
    relating to cells
    It is within the cytoplasm that most cellular activities occur, such as many metabolic pathways including glycolysis, and processes such as cell division.
  28. molecule
    the simplest structural unit of an element or compound
    The cytosol is a complex mixture of cytoskeleton filaments, dissolved molecules, and water that fills much of the volume of a cell.
  29. liquid
    fluid matter having no fixed shape but a fixed volume
    The cytoplasm is a thick liquid residing between the cell membrane holding organelles, except for the nucleus.
  30. protein
    an organic compound essential to living cells
    Due to this network of pores and high concentrations of dissolved macromolecules, such as proteins, an effect called macromolecular crowding occurs and the cytosol does not act as an ideal solution.
  31. biological
    pertaining to life and living things
    In eukaryotic cells also, the cytoplasm contains organelles, such as mitochondria, which are filled with liquid that is kept separate from the rest of the cytoplasm by biological membranes.
  32. pore
    any tiny hole admitting passage of a liquid
    Due to this network of pores and high concentrations of dissolved macromolecules, such as proteins, an effect called macromolecular crowding occurs and the cytosol does not act as an ideal solution.
  33. network
    an open fabric woven together at regular intervals
    The cytosol is a gel, with a network of fibers dispersed through water.
Created on Sat Feb 26 21:00:20 EST 2011

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