Solar System

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words only definitions & notes
  1. Uranus
    god of the heavens
    She was married to Uranus.
  2. terrestrial planet
    a planet having a compact rocky surface like the Earth's
    The Earth is the biggest of all the terrestrial planets.
  3. Mercury
    messenger of Jupiter and god of commerce
    Mercury means:
    In astronomy mythology,Mercury was the Roman version of the god Hermes.
  4. Earth
    the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on
    If you moved to Mercury you would not weigh as much as you do on Earth.
  5. planet
    a celestial body that revolves around the sun
    The Planet:
    The planet Mercury is the closest of the planets to the Sun. Because this planet lies so close to the Sun, and as a result somewhat near to the Earth, it is visible to observers on Earth in the night time sky.
  6. Venus
    the second nearest planet to the sun
    It does not have a molten core like those of the Earth and Venus.
  7. Saturn
    god of agriculture and vegetation
    Jupiter means:
    Jupiter known as Zeus in Greece over threw his father Saturn to become king of the gods.
  8. earth science
    any of the sciences that deal with the earth or its parts
    To learn more about Earth, please visit our Earth Sciences website.
  9. Charon
    (Greek mythology) the ferryman who brought the souls of the dead across the river Styx or the river Acheron to Hades
    Pluto has two moons
    Charon

    Until 1978 it was believed that Pluto was much larger.
  10. Neptune
    a giant planet with a ring of ice particles
    He then split the Universe with his brothers Neptune and Pluto.
  11. weigh on
    be oppressive or disheartening to
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    How much would you weigh on Mercury?
  12. Pluto
    the god of the underworld in ancient mythology
    He then split the Universe with his brothers Neptune and Pluto.
  13. water vapor
    water in a vaporous form diffused in the atmosphere but below boiling temperature
    This increase in water vapor began a cycle of global warming that could not be stopped.
  14. ultraviolet radiation
    radiation lying in the ultraviolet range
    This important shield protects the Earth from the Sun's ultraviolet radiation.
  15. Jupiter
    supreme god of Romans; counterpart of Greek Zeus
    Jupiter means:
    Jupiter known as Zeus in Greece over threw his father Saturn to become king of the gods.
  16. weigh
    have a certain heft
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    How much would you weigh on Mercury?
  17. Sun
    the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system
    The Planet:
    The planet Mercury is the closest of the planets to the Sun. Because this planet lies so close to the Sun, and as a result somewhat near to the Earth, it is visible to observers on Earth in the night time sky.
  18. Mars
    Roman god of war and agriculture
    Mars means:
    Mars was the Roman god of war and agriculture.
  19. solar system
    the sun with the celestial bodies that revolve around it
    As the Sun formed, it pushed much of the lighter gas and dust out of the inner Solar System, leaving behind only heavier elements.
  20. evaporate
    change into gas or steam
    As the planet warmed, water which formed oceans, lakes, and rivers on the Earth, evaporated.
  21. solar wind
    a stream of protons moving radially from the sun
    It has been blown away by the Sun's solar winds.
  22. moon
    the natural satellite of the Earth
    Moons:
    Mercury has no moons.
  23. rotate
    turn on or around an axis or a center
    The tidal forces of the Sun have over ions of time slowed down the rotation of Mercury to Match its revolution around the Sun. The result is that Mecury rotates very slowly.
  24. Phobos
    the larger of the two satellites of Mars
    Moons:
    Mars has two moons, their names are Deimos and Phobos.
  25. Cronus
    the supreme god until Zeus dethroned him
    Saturn means:
    Saturn was the god of agriculture, he was called Cronus by the Greeks.
  26. ultraviolet
    having wavelengths shorter than light but longer than X-rays
    This important shield protects the Earth from the Sun's ultraviolet radiation.
  27. atmosphere
    the envelope of gases surrounding any celestial body
    Because Mercury is a dead planet, with no volcanic activity and no atmosphere, it will forever retain its scares.
  28. ozone layer
    a region of the stratosphere that blocks UV radiation from the sun
    Venus Is Dry
    The Earth has a protective layer known as the Ozone Layer.
  29. unstoppable
    not capable of being stopped
    That single fact has caused an unstoppable chain of events that doomed Venus to its fiery existence.
  30. solar
    relating to the sun or utilizing the energies of the sun
    As the Sun formed, it pushed much of the lighter gas and dust out of the inner Solar System, leaving behind only heavier elements.
  31. click
    a short light metallic sound
    To learn about Luna Click Here.
  32. astronomy
    the branch of physics that studies celestial bodies
    Mercury means:
    In astronomy mythology,Mercury was the Roman version of the god Hermes.
  33. ocean
    a large body of water that is part of the hydrosphere
    As the planet warmed, water which formed oceans, lakes, and rivers on the Earth, evaporated.
  34. global warming
    a rise in the average temperature of the earth's atmosphere
    Global Warming
    In the early days of Venus' 4 billion year long life, it would have appeared very similar to the Earth.
  35. core
    the center of an object
    It does not have a molten core like those of the Earth and Venus.
  36. celestial body
    a natural object visible in the sky
    All celestial bodies within the Solar System are subject to these bombardments.
  37. scientist
    a person with advanced knowledge of empirical fields
    Scientists call these wrinkles Lobate Scarpes.
  38. Luna
    the goddess of the Moon; counterpart of Greek Selene
    Its name is Luna.
  39. every so often
    occasionally
    Instead many scientists believe that every so often much of the surface of Venus actually melts, letting of great amounts of heat as it cools.
  40. greenhouse gas
    a substance in the air that warms a planet by trapping heat
    Water vapor is a very effective greenhouse gas.
  41. cool
    neither warm nor very cold; giving relief from heat
    Mercury Is Cool
    Mercury is much smaller than the Earth.
  42. ozone
    a colorless gas that is a screen for ultraviolet radiation
    Venus Is Dry
    The Earth has a protective layer known as the Ozone Layer.
  43. pound
    16 ounces avoirdupois
    If you weigh 70 pounds on Earth, you would weigh only about 27 pounds on Mercury.
  44. evaporated
    drawn off in the form of vapor
    As the planet warmed, water which formed oceans, lakes, and rivers on the Earth, evaporated.
  45. radiation
    the act of spreading outward from a central source
    This important shield protects the Earth from the Sun's ultraviolet radiation.
  46. volcanic
    relating to eruptions of gas and lava from the earth's crust
    Because Mercury is a dead planet, with no volcanic activity and no atmosphere, it will forever retain its scares.
  47. visually
    with respect to sight
    Because we cannot see the surface of the planet Venus visually, there is much we still do not know about how this planet looks, and what it is like.
  48. wrinkle
    a slight depression in the smoothness of a surface
    Mercury Has Wrinkles
    As the Mercury's iron core cooled, it contracted, or shrunk.
  49. vapor
    a visible suspension in the air of particles of a substance
    This increase in water vapor began a cycle of global warming that could not be stopped.
  50. molten
    reduced to liquid form by heating
    It does not have a molten core like those of the Earth and Venus.
  51. rings
    gymnastic apparatus consisting of a pair of heavy metal circles (usually covered with leather) suspended by ropes; used for gymnastic exercises
    Its beautiful rings are 169,800 miles wide, but less thick than a football field.
  52. binoculars
    an optical instrument for simultaneous use by both eyes
    You can see four of Jupiter's moons With a pair of binoculars at night.
  53. terrestrial
    of or relating to or characteristic of the planet Earth
    The Earth is the biggest of all the terrestrial planets.
  54. rotation
    the act of turning as if on an axis
    The tidal forces of the Sun have over ions of time slowed down the rotation of Mercury to Match its revolution around the Sun. The result is that Mecury rotates very slowly.
  55. canyon
    a ravine formed by a river in an area with little rainfall
    Mars has higher mountains, and deeper canyons than any other planet.
  56. evening star
    a planet (usually Venus) seen at sunset in the western sky
    It has also been called an evening star for the same reason.
  57. orbit
    the path of a celestial body in its revolution about another
    There are probably many more moons orbiting this blue planet which we have not yet discovered.
  58. liquid
    fluid matter having no fixed shape but a fixed volume
    Like the planet Earth, Venus also has a liquid molten core.
  59. Europa
    the 4th largest of Jupiter's satellites
    Their names are Metis, Adrastea, Amalthea, Thebe, Io, Europa, Ganymede, Callisto, Sinope, Leda, Himalia, Lysithea, Elara, Ananke, Carme, Pasiphae W1302, W1700, W1704, W1704_2, W1800, W1903_s, W1805, W1902, W1904, W2002_2, and W1700_2.
  60. identical
    being the exact same one
    It is almost identical in size, and chemistry as the Earth.
  61. morning star
    a planet seen just before sunrise in the eastern sky
    This planet is often called a morning star.
  62. cooling
    the process of becoming cooler; a falling temperature
    On Earth this cooling takes the form of volcanic and tectonic activity.
  63. helium
    a light colorless element that is one of the six inert gases
    Under the clouds of methane and helium the sky gradually turns into liquid until it becomes a giant ocean of liquid chemicals.
  64. crater
    a bowl-shaped geological formation at the top of a volcano
    Mercury Is Scarred
    The surface of the planet Mercury is covered with craters.
  65. warming
    the process of becoming warmer; a rising temperature
    Global Warming
    In the early days of Venus' 4 billion year long life, it would have appeared very similar to the Earth.
  66. layer
    a single thickness of some substance or material
    Venus Is Dry
    The Earth has a protective layer known as the Ozone Layer.
  67. asteroid
    a small celestial body composed of rock and metal
    These craters have been created by ions of accidental encounters with asteroids and comets.
  68. storm
    a violent weather condition with winds 64-72 knots (11 on the Beaufort scale) and precipitation and thunder and lightning
    The Planet:
    Jupiter's great red spot visible in the picture to the right is where a giant storm has been raging for at least 300 years.
  69. tidal
    of or relating to or caused by tides
    The tidal forces of the Sun have over ions of time slowed down the rotation of Mercury to Match its revolution around the Sun. The result is that Mecury rotates very slowly.
  70. robot
    a mechanism that can move automatically
    We do not know how long this storm has been active, because it is so far away that we could not get a good view of Neptune until modern times when we began to send robot explorers.
  71. period of time
    an amount of time
    Mercury often is visible for a brief period of time just after the Sun sets.
  72. trillion
    the number that is represented as a one followed by 12 zeros
    It has a large rocky core, and because of the tremendous pressure could possibly contain trillions of large diamonds.
  73. imaginary
    not based on fact; unreal
    This means that imaginary aliens living on one side of Charon would never see Pluto, and imaginary aliens living on the opposite side of Pluto would never see Charon.
  74. giant
    any creature of exceptional size
    The Planet:
    Jupiter's great red spot visible in the picture to the right is where a giant storm has been raging for at least 300 years.
  75. greenhouse
    a building with glass walls and roof
    Water vapor is a very effective greenhouse gas.
  76. agriculture
    the practice of cultivating the land or raising stock
    Mars means:
    Mars was the Roman god of war and agriculture.
  77. global
    involving the entire earth
    Global Warming
    In the early days of Venus' 4 billion year long life, it would have appeared very similar to the Earth.
  78. inner
    located inward
    As the Sun formed, it pushed much of the lighter gas and dust out of the inner Solar System, leaving behind only heavier elements.
  79. gravity
    the force of attraction between all masses in the universe
    Not because you would lose weight on the space ship, but because Mercury is smaller, and so has less gravity.
  80. geological
    of or relating to the study of Earth and its structure
    However many of the planets have the ability to heal themselves through natural geological processes.
  81. Phoebe
    (Greek mythology) a Titaness who became identified with Artemis as goddess of the Moon
    The names of Saturn's moons are as follows: Pan, Atlas, Prometheus, Pandora, Epimetheus, Janus, Mimas, Enceladus, Tethys, Telesto, Calypso, Dione, Helene, Rhea, Titan, Hyperion, Iapetus, Phoebe, S/2000 S 1, S/2000 S 2, S/2000 S 3, S/2000 S 4, S/2000 S 5, S/2000 S 6, S/2000 S 7, S/2000 S 8, S/2000 S 9, S/2000 S 10, S/2000 S 11, and S/2000 S 12.
  82. protective
    intended or adapted to provide safety of some kind
    Venus Is Dry
    The Earth has a protective layer known as the Ozone Layer.
  83. comet
    a small frozen mass that travels around the sun
    These craters have been created by ions of accidental encounters with asteroids and comets.
  84. explorer
    someone who travels to unknown regions to make discoveries
    We do not know how long this storm has been active, because it is so far away that we could not get a good view of Neptune until modern times when we began to send robot explorers.
  85. volcano
    a fissure in the earth's crust through which gases erupt
    It Also has the Solar Systems biggest volcano, Olympus Mons.
  86. ring
    a toroidal shape
    Its beautiful rings are 169,800 miles wide, but less thick than a football field.
  87. astronomer
    a physicist who studies celestial bodies and the universe
    Perhaps you will be the astronomer who discovers some of these worlds.
  88. scorch
    burn slightly and superficially so as to affect color
    From West To East
    If you somehow found a way to survive the scorching heat found on the surface of Venus, you would quickly notice something strange about the days.
  89. Moon
    the natural satellite of the Earth
    The Moon That Orbit's Pluto
    Pluto is not a planet.
  90. element
    a substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances
    As the Sun formed, it pushed much of the lighter gas and dust out of the inner Solar System, leaving behind only heavier elements.
Created on Tue May 25 10:48:29 EDT 2010 (updated Tue May 25 10:50:33 EDT 2010)

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