GED Life Science

b J.
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Full list of words from this list:

words only definitions & notes
  1. organism
    a living thing that can act or function independently
  2. egg cell
    the female reproductive cell; the female gamete
  3. nucleus
    a part of the cell responsible for growth and reproduction
  4. tissue
    part of an organism consisting of an aggregate of cells
  5. epithelial
    of or belonging to the epithelium
  6. membrane
    a sheet of tissue that lines or connects organs or cells
  7. chromatin
    the readily stainable substance of a cell nucleus consisting of DNA and RNA and various proteins; during mitotic division it condenses into chromosomes
  8. chromosome
    a threadlike strand of DNA that carries genes
  9. protein
    an organic compound essential to living cells
  10. ribosome
    a particle in a cell that helps synthesize proteins
  11. cytoplasm
    the substance inside a cell, not including the nucleus
  12. organelle
    a specialized part of a cell; analogous to an organ
  13. cell membrane
    a thin membrane enclosing the cytoplasm of a cell
  14. endoplasm
    the inner portion of the gelatinous liquid inside a cell
  15. ribosome
    a particle in a cell that helps synthesize proteins
  16. Golgi apparatus
    a netlike structure in the cytoplasm of animal cells
  17. mitochondrion
    part of a cell involved in energy production
  18. vacuole
    a tiny cavity filled with fluid in the cytoplasm of a cell
  19. parent
    a father or mother
  20. daughter
    a female human offspring
  21. cell
    the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms
  22. bacteria
    single-celled organisms that can cause disease
  23. respiration
    a single complete act of breathing in and out
  24. fermentation
    breaking down an organic substance, as sugar into alcohol
  25. photosynthesis
    formation of compounds in plants aided by radiant energy
  26. starch
    a complex carbohydrate in seeds, fruits, and pith of plants
  27. molecule
    the simplest structural unit of an element or compound
  28. anabolism
    the synthesis in living organisms of more complex substances (e.g., living tissue) from simpler ones together with the storage of energy
  29. catabolism
    breakdown in living organisms of more complex substances into simpler ones together with release of energy
  30. metabolism
    the organic processes that are necessary for life
  31. carbohydrate
    an essential component of living cells and source of energy
  32. genetics
    the study of heredity and variation in organisms
  33. hybrid
    the offspring of genetically dissimilar parents or stock
  34. gene
    part of DNA controlling physical characteristics and growth
  35. dominant
    most frequent or common
  36. recessive
    of or pertaining to a recession
  37. sexual reproduction
    reproduction involving the union or fusion of a male and a female gamete
  38. genotype
    the particular alleles present in an organism
  39. phenotype
    observable characteristics produced by genes and environment
  40. genome
    the full DNA sequence of an organism
  41. DNA
    material that carries genetic information in a cell
  42. digestive system
    the system that makes food absorbable into the body
  43. alimentary canal
    tubular passage of mucous membrane and muscle extending about 8.3 meters from mouth to anus; functions in digestion and elimination
  44. esophagus
    the passage between the pharynx and the stomach
  45. stomach
    enlarged and muscular saclike organ of the alimentary canal
  46. pancreas
    a large gland that secretes insulin and digestive enzymes
  47. liver
    large and complicated reddish-brown glandular organ located in the upper right portion of the abdominal cavity; secretes bile and functions in metabolism of protein and carbohydrate and fat; synthesizes substances involved in the clotting of the blood; synthesizes vitamin A; detoxifies poisonous substances and breaks down worn-out erythrocytes
  48. intestine
    the part of the alimentary canal between the stomach and the anus
  49. colon
    the part of the large intestine between the cecum and rectum
  50. atrium of the heart
    the upper chamber of each half of the heart
  51. ventricle
    a chamber of the heart that receives blood from an atrium
  52. aorta
    the large artery carrying blood from the heart to the body
  53. vein
    a blood vessel that carries blood toward the heart
  54. antibody
    a protein that produces an immune response
  55. nervous system
    the sensory and control apparatus consisting of a network of nerve cells
  56. sense
    the faculty through which the world is perceived
  57. neuron
    a cell that is specialized to conduct nerve impulses
  58. dendrite
    short fiber that conducts toward the cell body of the neuron
  59. synapse
    the junction between two neurons
  60. neurotransmitter
    a neurochemical that transmits nerve impulses across a synapse
  61. cerebrum
    anterior part of the brain consisting of two hemispheres
  62. cerebellum
    a major division of the vertebrate brain
  63. brain stem
    the part of the brain continuous with the spinal cord and comprising the medulla oblongata and pons and midbrain and parts of the hypothalamus
  64. occipital lobe
    that part of the cerebral cortex in either hemisphere of the brain lying in the back of the head
  65. occiput
    back part of the head or skull
  66. frontal lobe
    that part of the cerebral cortex in either hemisphere of the brain lying directly behind the forehead
  67. mutation
    a change or alteration in form or qualities
  68. evolution
    sequence of events involved in the development of a species
  69. natural selection
    a process in which organisms evolve to adapt to environment
  70. homologous
    similar in position, structure, function, or characteristics
  71. adaptation
    the process of adjusting or conforming to new conditions
  72. producer
    someone who manufactures something
  73. consumer
    a person who uses goods or services
  74. food chain
    community of organisms where each member is eaten by another
  75. herbivore
    any animal that feeds chiefly on grass and other plants
  76. carnivore
    a terrestrial or aquatic flesh-eating mammal
  77. omnivore
    an animal that feeds on both animal and vegetable substances
  78. decompose
    break down
  79. ecosystem
    organisms interacting with their physical environment
  80. biomass
    the total amount of living matter in a given unit area
  81. predator
    any animal that lives by preying on other animals
  82. prey
    animal hunted or caught for food
  83. trophic
    of or relating to nutrition or feeding
  84. biosphere
    the regions of the Earth where living organisms exist
  85. biome
    major ecological community with distinct climate and flora
  86. community
    a group of people living in a particular local area
  87. population
    the people who inhabit a territory or state
  88. individual
    being or characteristic of a single thing or person
  89. parasite
    an animal or plant that lives in or on a host
  90. carbon cycle
    the organic circulation of carbon from the atmosphere into organisms and back again
  91. photosynthesis
    formation of compounds in plants aided by radiant energy
  92. nitrogen fixation
    the assimilation of atmospheric nitrogen by soil bacteria and its release for plant use on the death of the bacteria
  93. nitrification
    the chemical process in which a nitro group is added to an organic compound (or substituted for another group in an organic compound)
  94. evaporation
    the process of becoming a suspension of particles in the air
  95. metamorphosis
    striking change in appearance or character or circumstances
  96. condensation
    process of changing from a gas to a liquid or solid state
  97. symbiosis
    the relation between two interdependent species of organisms
Created on Wed Nov 21 11:09:24 EST 2012 (updated Wed Nov 21 12:06:40 EST 2012)

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