Biology

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  1. ribosome
    a particle in a cell that helps synthesize proteins
    Ribosomes are tiny organelles responsible for protein synthesis in the cell.
  2. transfer RNA
    RNA molecules present in the cell (in at least 20 varieties, each variety capable of combining with a specific amino acid) that attach the correct amino acid to the protein chain that is being synthesized at the ribosome of the cell (according to directions coded in the mRNA)
    They receive genetic information from messenger RNA molecules, which are copies of the gene sequence, and use this to specify the assembly of amino acids, brought by transfer RNA.

    Until the advent of synchrotron radiation facilities like the ALS, obtaining detailed information about macromolecular structures such as ribosomes was an almost insurmountable challenge.
  3. subunit
    a monetary unit that is valued at a fraction (usually one hundredth) of the basic monetary unit
    While other research groups have obtained high-resolution images of individual ribosome subunits, Noller and his group, with Earnest, are the first to produce a detailed look at an entire ribosome complex.
  4. organelle
    a specialized part of a cell; analogous to an organ
    Ribosomes are tiny organelles responsible for protein synthesis in the cell.
  5. ALS
    thickening of tissue in the motor tracts of the lateral columns and anterior horns of the spinal cord; results in progressive muscle atrophy that starts in the limbs
    They receive genetic information from messenger RNA molecules, which are copies of the gene sequence, and use this to specify the assembly of amino acids, brought by transfer RNA.

    Until the advent of synchrotron radiation facilities like the ALS, obtaining detailed information about macromolecular structures such as ribosomes was an almost insurmountable challenge.
  6. macromolecular
    relating to or consisting of or characterized by macromolecules
    They receive genetic information from messenger RNA molecules, which are copies of the gene sequence, and use this to specify the assembly of amino acids, brought by transfer RNA.

    Until the advent of synchrotron radiation facilities like the ALS, obtaining detailed information about macromolecular structures such as ribosomes was an almost insurmountable challenge.
  7. crystallography
    the branch of science that studies the formation and structure of crystals
    The high-end of this energy range, once thought to be beyond the reach of the ALS, is ideal for protein crystallography.
  8. wiggler
    terrestrial worm that burrows into and helps aerate soil
    The MCF houses three separate beamlines at the ALS's 5.0 complex, all of which are powered by a 38-pole wiggler magnet that provides x-ray photons ranging in wavelength from 0.9 to 4.0 angstroms.
  9. angstrom
    a metric unit of length equal to one ten billionth of a meter (or 0.0001 micron); used to specify wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation
    The MCF houses three separate beamlines at the ALS's 5.0 complex, all of which are powered by a 38-pole wiggler magnet that provides x-ray photons ranging in wavelength from 0.9 to 4.0 angstroms.
  10. ensue
    take place or happen afterward or as a result
    Eventually, someone lifts the hood, and a new era of experimentation and speculation ensues.
Created on Fri Sep 24 21:11:54 EDT 2010

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