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M's Tough Word List for Me in Science

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  1. recessive allele
    an allele that produces its characteristic phenotype only when its paired allele is identical
    On the other hand, a recessive allele will be expressed only if there are two identical copies of that allele, or for a male, if one copy is present on the X chromosome.
  2. dominant allele
    an allele that produces the same phenotype whether its paired allele is identical or different
    The Nature of Alleles A dominant allele is an allele that is almost always expressed, even if only one copy is present.
  3. mitochondrion
    part of a cell involved in energy production
    Both plants and animals have an organelle-a "little organ" within the cell- called the mitochondrion.
  4. allele
    any of the forms of a gene that can occupy the same locus
    Methylation also plays an important role in genomic imprinting, which occurs when both maternal and paternal alleles are present but only one allele is expressed while the other remains inactive.
  5. codon
    a specific sequence of three adjacent nucleotides on a strand of DNA or RNA that specifies the genetic code information for synthesizing a particular amino acid
    Here the mRNA is translated into protein by decoding the mRNA sequence in blocks of three RNA bases, called codons, where each codon specifies a particular amino acid.
  6. allelic
    of or relating to alleles
    Determining the allelic condition used to be accomplished solely through the analysis of pedigrees, much the way Mendel carried out his experiments on peas.
Created on Mon Feb 18 10:43:29 EST 2013

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