What is a Genome?

Gloria C.
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  1. chromosome
    a threadlike strand of DNA that carries genes
    In 1909, Danish botanist Wilhelm Johanssen coined the word gene for the hereditary unit found on a chromosome.
  2. mutant gene
    a gene that has changed so that the normal transmission and expression of a trait is affected
    The individual in whom such a nonpenetrant mutant gene exists will be phenotypically normal but still capable of passing the deleterious gene on to offspring, who may exhibit the full-blown disease.
  3. somatic cell
    a cell that does not participate in reproduction
    Mutations that occur in somatic cells-any cell in the body except gametes and their precursors-will not be passed on to the next generation.
  4. X chromosome
    the sex chromosome that is present in both sexes: singly in males and doubly in females
    There are numerous forms of this "repetitive DNA", and a few have known functions, such as stabilizing the chromosome structure or inactivating one of the two X chromosomes in developing females, a process called X-inactivation.
  5. mutation
    a change or alteration in form or qualities
    There are many diseases caused by mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA).
Created on Wed Apr 04 16:43:11 EDT 2012

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