types:
anomalist
someone who has a special interest in exceptional cases
exponent
someone who expounds and interprets or explains
alchemist
one who was versed in the practice of alchemy and who sought an elixir of life and a panacea and an alkahest and the philosopher's stone
aphorist
someone who formulates aphorisms or who repeats aphorisms
bel esprit
a witty or clever person with a fine mind
decipherer,
decoder
the kind of intellectual who converts messages from a code to plain text
egghead
an intellectual; a very studious and academic person
highbrow
a person of intellectual or erudite tastes
specifier
someone who draws up specifications giving details (as for obtaining a patent)
thinker
someone who exercises the mind (usually in an effort to reach a decision)
wonderer
someone who is curious about something
Arabist
a scholar who specializes in Arab languages and culture
bibliographer
someone trained to prepare a list of writings showing when and where they were published (such as the writings of a single author or the works referred to in preparing a document)
divergent thinker
a thinker who moves away from the problem as stated and often has novel ideas and solutions
diviner
someone who claims to discover hidden knowledge with the aid of supernatural powers
Dr.,
doctor
a person who holds Ph.D. degree (or the equivalent) from an academic institution
doubting Thomas
someone who demands physical evidence in order to be convinced (especially when this demand is out of place)
excogitator
a thinker who considers carefully and thoroughly
goliard
a wandering scholar in medieval Europe; famed for intemperance and riotous behavior and the composition of satirical and ribald Latin songs
humanist
a classical scholar or student of the liberal arts
Islamist
a scholar who knowledgeable in Islamic studies
licentiate
holds a license (degree) from a (European) university
Masorete,
Masorite,
Massorete
a scholar who is expert on the Masorah (especially one of the Jewish scribes who contributed to the Masorah)
master
someone who holds a master's degree from academic institution
mujtihad
an Islamic scholar who engages in ijtihad, the effort to derive rules of divine law from Muslim sacred texts
post doc,
postdoc
a scholar or researcher who is involved in academic study beyond the level of a doctoral degree
prodigy
an unusually gifted or intelligent (young) person; someone whose talents excite wonder and admiration
reader
a person who enjoys reading
Renaissance man
a scholar during the Renaissance who (because knowledge was limited) could know almost everything about many topics
Renaissance man,
generalist
a modern scholar who is in a position to acquire more than superficial knowledge about many different interests
sage
a mentor in spiritual and philosophical topics who is renowned for profound wisdom
scholiast
a scholar who writes explanatory notes on an author (especially an ancient commentator on a classical author)
Sinologist
a student of Chinese history and language and culture
speculator
someone who makes conjectures without knowing the facts
Vedist
a scholar of or an authority on the Vedas