types:
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court of justice, court of law, lawcourt
a tribunal that is presided over by a magistrate or by one or more judges who administer justice according to the laws
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International Court of Justice, World Court
a court established to settle disputes between members of the United Nations
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appeals court, appellate court, court of appeals
a court whose jurisdiction is to review decisions of lower courts or agencies
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assizes, court of assize, court of assize and nisi prius
the county courts of England (replaced in 1971 by Crown courts)
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chancery, court of chancery
a court with jurisdiction in equity
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consistory
a church tribunal or governing body
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criminal court
a court having jurisdiction over criminal cases
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divorce court
a court having jurisdiction over the termination of marriage contracts
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court of domestic relations, domestic relations court, family court
a court in some states in the United States that has jurisdiction over family disputes (especially those involving children)
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federal court
a court establish by the authority of a federal government
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F.I.S.C., Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court
a secret federal court created in 1978 by the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act; responsible for authorizing wiretaps and other forms of electronic surveillance and for authorizing searches of suspected spies and terrorists by the Department of Justice or United States intelligence agencies
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inferior court, lower court
any court whose decisions can be appealed to a higher court
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Inquisition
a former tribunal of the Roman Catholic Church (1232-1820) created to discover and suppress heresy
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juvenile court
a court having jurisdiction over dependent and delinquent children
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kangaroo court
an irregular unauthorized court
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military court
a judicial court of commissioned officers for the discipline and punishment of military personnel
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moot court
a mock court where law students argue hypothetical cases
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police court
a court that has power to prosecute for minor offenses and to bind over for trial in a superior court anyone accused of serious offenses
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probate court
a court having jurisdiction over the probate of wills and the administration of estates
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quarter sessions
a local court with criminal jurisdiction and sometimes administrative functions
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Rota
(Roman Catholic Church) the supreme ecclesiastical tribunal for cases appealed to the Holy See from diocesan courts
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Star Chamber
a former English court that became notorious for its arbitrary methods and severe punishments
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superior court
any court that has jurisdiction above an inferior court
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high court, state supreme court, supreme court
the highest court in most states of the United States
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traffic court
a court that has power to prosecute for traffic offenses
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trial court
the first court before which the facts of a case are decided
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circuit court of appeals
one of the twelve federal United States courts of appeals that cover a group of states known as a `circuit'
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court-martial
a military court to try members of the armed services who are accused of serious breaches of martial law
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night court
a criminal court (in large cities) that sits at night
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Old Bailey
the central criminal court in London
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provost court
a military court for trying people charged with minor offenses in an occupied area
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Supreme Court, Supreme Court of the United States, United States Supreme Court
the highest federal court in the United States; has final appellate jurisdiction and has jurisdiction over all other courts in the nation