Animal order

one of two usually recognized orders of true bacteria; Gram-positive spherical or rod-shaped forms; some are motile; in some classifications considered an order of Schizomycetes

Pseudomonadales, order Pseudomonadales

one of two usually recognized orders of true bacteria; Gram-negative spiral or spherical or rod-shaped bacteria usually motile by polar flagella; some contain photosynthetic pigments

Rickettsiales, order Rickettsiales

pleomorphic Gram-negative microorganisms

Mycoplasmatales, order Mycoplasmatales

coextensive with the family Mycoplasmataceae

Actinomycetales, order Actinomycetales

filamentous or rod-shaped bacteria

Myxobacterales, Myxobacteriales, order Myxobacterales, order Myxobacteria, order Myxobacteriales

an order of higher bacteria

Spirochaetales, order Spirochaetales

higher bacteria; slender spiral rodlike forms

Heliozoa, order Heliozoa

mostly freshwater protozoa

Radiolaria, order Radiolaria

marine protozoa

Amoebida, Amoebina, order Amoebida, order Amoebina

the animal order including amoebas

Foraminifera, order Foraminifera

foraminifers

Testacea, order Testacea

testacean rhizopods

Fucales, order Fucales

coextensive with the family Fucaceae

Zygnemales, Zygnematales, order Zygnemales, order Zygnematales

pond scums; desmids

Cilioflagellata, Dinoflagellata, order Cilioflagellata, order Dinoflagellata

in some classifications considered a phylum of the kingdom Protista; in others included in the plant phylum Pyrrophyta

Hypermastigina, order Hypermastigina

cellulose-producing flagellates

Polymastigina, order Polymastigina

small usually parasitic flagellates

Coccidia, order Coccidia

an order in the subclass Telosporidia

Gregarinida, order Gregarinida

an order in the subclass Telosporidia

Haemosporidia, order Haemosporidia

an order in the subclass Telosporidia

Sarcosporidia, order Sarcosporidia

imperfectly known parasites of the muscles of vertebrates

Haplosporidia, order Haplosporidia

an order in the subclass Acnidosporidia

Actinomyxidia, order Actinomyxidia

parasites of worms

Mycrosporidia, order Mycrosporidia

an order in the subclass Cnidosporidia

Myxosporidia, order Myxosporidia

an order in the subclass Cnidosporidia

Malacopterygii, superorder Malacopterygii

an extensive group of teleost fishes having fins supported by flexible cartilaginous rays

Cypriniformes, order Cypriniformes

an order of animals including almost entirely freshwater fishes: characins; loaches; carp; suckers; sometimes classified as a suborder of Ostariophysi

Berycomorphi, order Berycomorphi

an order of spiny-finned fish in the superorder Acanthopterygii

Zeomorphi, order Zeomorphi

dories

Solenichthyes, order Solenichthyes

bellows fishes; shrimpfishes; cornetfishes; pipefishes; small order of chiefly tropical marine fishes of varied and bizarre form all having a small mouth at the end of a drawn-out tubular snout

Ostracodermi, order Ostracodermi

extinct group of armored jawless vertebrates; taxonomy is not clear

Heterostraci, suborder Heterostraci

extinct group of armored jawless fishes or fish-like vertebrate; taxonomy is not clear

Cephalaspida, Osteostraci, suborder Cephalaspida, suborder Osteostraci

extinct group of armored fish-like vertebrates; taxonomy is not clear

Anaspida, order Anaspida

extinct order of jawless vertebrates

Conodonta, Conodontophorida, order Conodonta, order Conodontophorida

extinct order of primitive vertebrates; the precise taxonomy is not clear; in some classifications considered a separate phylum

Cyclostomata, order Cyclostomata

primitive jawless aquatic vertebrate: lampreys; hagfishes

Hyperoartia, Petromyzoniformes, suborder Hyperoartia, suborder Petromyzoniformes

lampreys as distinguished from hagfishes

Hyperotreta, Myxiniformes, Myxinoidea, Myxinoidei, suborder Hyperotreta, suborder Myxiniformes, suborder Myxinoidei

hagfishes as distinguished from lampreys

Torpediniformes, order Torpediniformes

rays with bodies shaped like torpedoes

Batoidei, Rajiformes, order Batoidei, order Rajiformes

fish with dorsoventrally flattened bodies; includes: rays; skates; guitarfishes; sawfishes

Ratitae, superorder Ratitae

used in former classifications to include all ratite bird orders

Struthioniformes, order Struthioniformes

a ratite bird order: ostriches and related extinct birds; known from the Pleistocene onward

Casuariiformes, order Casuariiformes

a ratite bird order: cassowaries and emus

Apterygiformes, order Apterygiformes

a ratite bird order: flightless ground birds having vestigial wings and long bills and small eyes: kiwis

Rheiformes, order Rheiformes

a ratite bird order: birds intermediate in characteristics between ostriches and emus: recent and extinct rheas

Aepyorniformes, order Aepyorniformes

huge extinct flightless birds: elephant birds

Dinornithiformes, order Dinornithiformes

a ratite bird order: recently extinct flightless birds of New Zealand

Insessores, order Insessores, percher, perching bird

a bird with feet adapted for perching (as on tree branches); this order is now generally abandoned by taxonomists

Passeriformes, order Passeriformes

largest order of birds comprising about half the known species; rooks; finches; sparrows; tits; warblers; robins; wrens; swallows; etc.; the four suborders are Eurylaimi and Tyranni and Menurae and Oscines or Passeres

Oscines, Passeres, suborder Oscines, suborder Passeres

two names for the suborder of typical songbirds

Menurae, suborder Menurae

lyrebirds and scrubbirds

Eurylaimi, suborder Eurylaimi

broadbills

Tyranni, suborder Tyranni

New World flycatchers; antbirds; oven birds; woodhewers

Clamatores, suborder Clamatores

used in some classification systems; a suborder or superfamily nearly coextensive with suborder Tyranni; Passeriformes having relatively simple vocal organs and little power of song; clamatorial birds

Raptores, order Raptores

term used in former classifications; erroneously grouped together birds of the orders Falconiformes and Strigiformes

Falconiformes, order Falconiformes

chiefly diurnal carnivorous birds having hooked beaks and long talons with opposable hind toe: falcons; hawks; eagles; ospreys; caracaras; vultures

Strigiformes, order Strigiformes

owls

Caudata, Urodella, order Caudata, order Urodella

salamanders; newts; congo snakes

Anura, Batrachia, Salientia, order Anura, order Batrachia, order Salientia

frogs, toads, tree toads

Gymnophiona, order Gymnophiona

an order of amphibians including caecilians

Labyrinthodonta, Labyrinthodontia, superorder Labyrinthodonta, superorder Labyrinthodontia

extinct amphibians typically resembling heavy-bodied salamanders or crocodiles and having a solid flattened skull and conical teeth; Devonian through Triassic

Stereospondyli, order Stereospondyli

formerly a suborder of Stegocephalia; amphibia having vertebrae whose component elements are fused into a single piece

Stegocephalia, order Stegocephalia

in former classifications a division of class Amphibia comprising all pre-Jurassic and some later extinct large salamandriform amphibia

Temnospondyli, order Temnospondyli

formerly a suborder of Stegocephalia; large Carboniferous and Permian amphibians having vertebrae in which some elements remain separate

Chelonia, Testudinata, Testudines, order Chelonia, order Testudinata, order Testudines

tortoises and turtles

Rhynchocephalia, order Rhynchocephalia

tuataras; extinct forms from middle Triassic

Squamata, order Squamata

diapsid reptiles: snakes and lizards

Lacertilia, Sauria, suborder Lacertilia, suborder Sauria

true lizards; including chameleons and geckos

Crocodilia, Crocodylia, order Crocodilia, order Crocodylia

crocodiles; alligators; caimans; gavials

Loricata, order Loricata

former name for the order Crocodylia

Ornithischia, order Ornithischia

extinct terrestrial reptiles having bird-like pelvises: armored dinosaurs (thyreophorans); boneheaded and horned dinosaurs (marginocephalians); duck-billed dinosaurs (euronithopods)

Thyreophora, suborder Thyreophora, thyreophoran

armored dinosaurs: stegosaurs and ankylosaurs

Marginocephalia, marginocephalian, suborder Marginocephalia

includes boneheaded (pachycephalosaurs) and horned (ceratopsian) dinosaurs

suborder Pachycephalosaurus

boneheaded dinosaurs; late Cretaceous

Ceratopsia, suborder Ceratopsia

horned dinosaurs

Euronithopoda, Ornithopoda, euronithopod, suborder Euronithopoda, suborder Ornithopoda

widespread group including duck-billed dinosaurs and their early relatives (hadrosaurs, trachodon and iguanodon)

Saurischia, order Saurischia

extinct terrestrial reptiles: theropods (carnivorous); sauropods (herbivorous)

Sauropodomorpha, suborder Sauropodomorpha

gigantic herbivorous dinosaurs having huge bodies with long necks and small heads: Prosauropoda and Sauropoda (apatosaurus, diplodocus and titanosaurs)

Prosauropoda, suborder Prosauropoda

the earliest known dinosaurs

Sauropoda, suborder Sauropoda

any of the sauropod dinosaurs

Theropoda, suborder Theropoda

carnivorous saurischian dinosaurs with short forelimbs; Jurassic and Cretaceous

suborder Ceratosaura

primitive saurischian dinosaurs

Carnosaura, suborder Carnosaura

largest carnivorous land animals ever known

Ornithomimida, suborder Ornithomimida

lightly built medium-size theropods

Maniraptora, suborder Maniraptora

advanced theropods including oviraptorids and dromaeosaurs and possibly even modern birds

Therapsida, order Therapsida

extinct mammal-like reptiles found inhabiting all continents from the mid Permian to late Triassic

Ictodosauria, order Ictodosauria

extinct reptiles of the later Triassic period

Pelycosauria, order Pelycosauria

edaphosaurus; dimetrodon

Pterosauria, order Pterosauria

extinct flying reptiles: pterosaurs

Thecodontia, order Thecodontia

extinct terrestrial reptiles having teeth set in sockets; of the late Permian to Triassic

Ichthyosauria, order Ichthyosauria

extinct marine reptiles: ichthyosaurs

Sauropterygia, order Sauropterygia

extinct marine reptiles: plesiosaurs; nothosaurs

Plesiosauria, suborder Plesiosauria

any of the plesiosaurs

Nothosauria, suborder Nothosauria

a suborder of Sauropterygia

Ophidia, Serpentes, suborder Ophidia, suborder Serpentes

snakes

Opiliones, Phalangida, order Opiliones, order Phalangida

harvestmen

Scorpionida, order Scorpionida

true scorpions

Chelonethida, Pseudoscorpiones, Pseudoscorpionida, order Chelonethida, order Pseudoscorpiones, order Pseudoscorpionida

false scorpions

Pedipalpi, Uropygi, order Pedipalpi, order Uropygi

whip scorpions

Araneae, Araneida, order Araneae, order Araneida

spiders

Acarina, order Acarina

mites and ticks

Geophilomorpha, order Geophilomorpha

small elongate centipedes living in soil and under stones and having more than 30 pairs of legs

Pycnogonida, order Pycnogonida

sea spiders

Xiphosura, order Xiphosura

horseshoe crabs and extinct forms

Eurypterida, order Eurypterida

extinct aquatic arthropods of the Paleozoic

Galliformes, order Galliformes

pheasants; turkeys; grouse; partridges; quails; chickens; brush turkeys; curassows; hoatzins

Tinamiformes, order Tinamiformes

coextensive with the family Tinamidae

Columbiformes, order Columbiformes

sand grouse; pigeons; doves; extinct dodos and solitaires

Psittaciformes, order Psittaciformes

an order of birds including parrots and amazons and cockatoos and lorikeets and lories and macaws and parakeets

Cuculiformes, order Cuculiformes

cuckoos; touracos; etc.

Coraciiformes, order Coraciiformes

rollers; kingfishers; hornbills; hoopoes; motmots; bee eaters; todies

Picariae, order Picariae

term used in some classifications as nearly equivalent to the order Coraciiformes

Apodiformes, order Apodiformes

swifts; hummingbirds

Caprimulgiformes, order Caprimulgiformes

goatsuckers; frogmouths; oilbirds

Piciformes, order Piciformes

woodpeckers; jacamars; puffbirds; barbets; honey guides; toucans

Trogoniformes, order Trogoniformes

trogons

Anseriformes, order Anseriformes

ducks; geese; swans; screamers

Anseres, suborder Anseres

used in some especially older classifications; coextensive with the family Anatidae

Monotremata, order Monotremata

coextensive with the subclass Prototheria

Marsupialia, order Marsupialia

coextensive with the subclass Metatheria

Insectivora, order Insectivora

shrews; moles; hedgehogs; tenrecs

Lipotyphla, suborder Lipotyphla

moles; hedgehogs; true shrews

Menotyphla, suborder Menotyphla

elephant shrews; tree shrews

Siphonophora, order Siphonophora

marine colonial hydrozoans

Actinaria, Actiniaria, order Actinaria, order Actiniaria

sea anemones

Alcyonaria, order Alcyonaria

corals and sea anemones having eight branches

Alcyonacea, suborder Alcyonacea

comprising the soft corals

Gorgonacea, Gorgoniacea, suborder Gorgonacea, suborder Gorgoniacea

red corals and sea fans

Madreporaria, order Madreporaria

stony corals

Cydippea, Cydippida, Cydippidea, order Cydippea, order Cydippida, order Cydippidea

ctenophores having two long pinnate tentacles

Platyctenea, order Platyctenea

an order of Tentaculata

Cestida, order Cestida

ctenophore having short tentacles; one family

Lobata, order Lobata

ctenophore having tentacles only in the immature stage; body compressed vertically having two large oral lobes and four pointed processes

Nudibranchia, order Nudibranchia

comprising numerous marine gastropod mollusks lacking a shell in the adult state and usually having a body like a slug

Pulmonata, order Pulmonata

large order of gastropods usually breathing by means of a lung-like sac comprising most land snails and slugs and many freshwater snails

Pectinibranchia, order Pectinibranchia

large order of gastropods comprising univalve mollusks that have a single gill resembling a comb

Aplacophora, Solenogastres, order Aplacophora, order Solenogastres

an order of Amphineura

Myaceae, order Myaceae

clams

Octopoda, order Octopoda

octopuses and paper nautilus

Decapoda, order Decapoda

squids and cuttlefishes

Belemnoidea, order Belemnoidea

order of extinct dibranchiate cephalopods related to the surviving spirulas

Decapoda, order Decapoda

lobsters; crayfish; crabs; shrimps; prawns

Brachyura, suborder Brachyura

an order of crustaceans (including true crabs) having a reduced abdomen folded against the ventral surface

Reptantia, suborder Reptantia

lobsters; crabs

Natantia, suborder Natantia

shrimp; prawns; etc.

Schizopoda

in former classifications a division of Malacostraca; superseded by the orders Mysidacea and Euphausiacea

Euphausiacea, order Euphausiacea

small commonly luminescent crustaceans; important element of marine plankton: krill

Mysidacea, order Mysidacea

opossum shrimp

Stomatopoda, order Stomatopoda

mantis shrimps

Isopoda, order Isopoda

woodlice

Amphipoda, order Amphipoda

small flat-bodied semiterrestrial crustaceans: whale lice; sand-hoppers; skeleton shrimp

Anostraca, order Anostraca

small aquatic crustaceans lacking a carapace: fairy shrimps; brine shrimps

Notostraca, order Notostraca

small freshwater crustaceans with a shield-shaped carapace

Branchiura, order Branchiura

copepods with suctorial mouthparts; parasitic on fishes

Ciconiiformes, order Ciconiiformes

order of chiefly tropical marsh-dwelling fish-eating wading birds with long legs and bills and (except for flamingos) unwebbed feet: herons; storks; spoonbills; flamingos; ibises

Gruiformes, order Gruiformes

inland marsh-dwelling birds with long legs and necks and bills that wade in water in search of food: cranes; rails; bustards

Otides, suborder Otides

terrestrial game birds of the Old World and Australia: bustards

Charadriiformes, order Charadriiformes

large diverse order of aquatic birds found along seacoasts and inland waters: shorebirds and coastal diving birds; most feed on anima life

Charadrii, suborder Charadrii

shorebirds: plovers; sandpipers; avocets; phalaropes; coursers; stone curlews

Limicolae, suborder Limicolae

term used in some classifications for migratory shorebirds; coextensive with the Charadrii

Lari, suborder Lari

gulls; terns; jaegers; skimmers

Gaviiformes, order Gaviiformes

large aquatic birds: loons and some extinct forms

Colymbiformes, Podicipediformes, Podicipitiformes, order Colymbiformes, order Podicipediformes, order Podicipitiformes

grebes

Pelecaniformes, order Pelecaniformes

pelicans; frigate birds; gannets; cormorants

Sphenisciformes, order Sphenisciformes

penguins

Procellariiformes, order Procellariiformes

petrels; albatrosses; shearwaters; diving petrels

Cetacea, order Cetacea

an order of Eutheria

Mysticeti, suborder Mysticeti

baleen whales: right whales; rorquals; blue whales; humpbacks

Odontoceti, suborder Odontoceti

toothed whales: dolphins; porpoises; sperm whales; beaked whales

Sirenia, order Sirenia

an animal order including: manatees; dugongs; Steller's sea cow

Carnivora, order Carnivora

cats; lions; tigers; panthers; dogs; wolves; jackals; bears; raccoons; skunks; and members of the suborder Pinnipedia

Pinnipedia, suborder Pinnipedia

seals; sea lions; walruses

Tubulidentata, order Tubulidentata

an order of Eutheria

Chiroptera, order Chiroptera

an old order dating to early Eocene: bats: suborder Megachiroptera (fruit bats); suborder Microchiroptera (insectivorous bats)

Megachiroptera, suborder Megachiroptera

fruit bats

Microchiroptera, suborder Microchiroptera

most of the bats in the world; all bats except fruit bats insectivorous bats

Mantophasmatodea, order mantophasmatodea

an order of insect identified in 2002 in a 45 million year old piece of amber from the Baltic region

Mecoptera, order Mecoptera

an order of carnivorous insects usually having long membranous wings and long beaklike heads with chewing mouths at the tip

Collembola, order Collembola

minute wingless arthropods: springtails

Protura, order Protura

minute wingless arthropods: telsontails

Coleoptera, order Coleoptera

beetles

Embiodea, Embioptera, order Embiodea, order Embioptera

web spinners

Anoplura, order Anoplura

sucking lice

Mallophaga, order Mallophaga

biting lice

Siphonaptera, order Siphonaptera

fleas

Diptera, order Diptera

a large order of insects having a single pair of wings and sucking or piercing mouths; includes true flies and mosquitoes and gnats and crane flies

Nematocera, suborder Nematocera

mosquitoes; fungus gnats; crane flies; gnats; sand flies

Hymenoptera, order Hymenoptera

an order of insects including: bees; wasps; ants; ichneumons; sawflies; gall wasps; etc.

Isoptera, order Isoptera

order of social insects that live in colonies, including: termites; often placed in subclass Exopterygota

Orthoptera, order Orthoptera

grasshoppers and locusts; crickets

Phasmatodea, Phasmida, order Phasmatodea, order Phasmida

in some classifications considered a suborder of Orthoptera: stick insects; leaf insects

Dictyoptera, order Dictyoptera

in some classifications replaced by the orders (here suborders) Blattodea (cockroaches) and Manteodea (mantids); in former classifications often subsumed under a much broader order Orthoptera

Blattaria, Blattodea, suborder Blattaria, suborder Blattodea

cockroaches; in some classifications considered an order

Manteodea, suborder Manteodea

mantises; in former classifications considered a suborder of Orthoptera

Hemiptera, order Hemiptera

plant bugs; bedbugs; some true bugs; also includes suborders Heteroptera (true bugs) and Homoptera (e.g., aphids, plant lice and cicadas)

Heteroptera, suborder Heteroptera

true bugs

Homoptera, suborder Homoptera

plant lice (aphids); whiteflies; cicadas; leafhoppers; plant hoppers; scale insects and mealybugs; spittle insects

Corrodentia, Psocoptera, order Corrodentia, order Psocoptera

an order of insects: includes booklice and bark-lice

Ephemerida, Ephemeroptera, order Ephemerida, order Ephemeroptera

mayflies

Plecoptera, order Plecoptera

stoneflies

Neuroptera, order Neuroptera

an order of insects including: lacewings; antlions; dobsonflies; alderflies; fish flies; mantispids; spongeflies

Megaloptera, suborder Megaloptera

in some classifications considered a separate order: alderflies; dobsonflies; snake flies

Odonata, order Odonata

dragonflies and damselflies

Anisoptera, suborder Anisoptera

dragonflies

Zygoptera, suborder Zygoptera

damselflies

Trichoptera, order Trichoptera

an order of insects consisting of caddis flies

Thysanura, order Thysanura

firebrats; silverfish; machilids

Thysanoptera, order Thysanoptera

thrips

Dermaptera, order Dermaptera

earwigs and a few related forms

Lepidoptera, order Lepidoptera

moths and butterflies

Exocycloida, order Exocycloida

flat sea urchins

Spatangoida, order Spatangoida

heart-shaped sea urchins

Lagomorpha, order Lagomorpha

rabbits; hares; pikas; formerly considered the suborder Duplicidentata of the order Rodentia

Rodentia, order Rodentia

small gnawing animals: porcupines; rats; mice; squirrels; marmots; beavers; gophers; voles; hamsters; guinea pigs; agoutis

Myomorpha, suborder Myomorpha

true rats and mice and related rodents

Hystricomorpha, suborder Hystricomorpha

an order of rodents including: porcupines; guinea pigs; chinchillas; etc.

Sciuromorpha, suborder Sciuromorpha

large more or less primitive rodents: squirrels; marmots; gophers; beavers; etc.

Dinocerata, order Dinocerata

small order of primitive ungulates of the Paleocene and Eocene

Hyracoidea, order Hyracoidea

hyraxes and some extinct animals

Perissodactyla, order Perissodactyla

nonruminant ungulates: horses; tapirs; rhinoceros; extinct forms

Artiodactyla, order Artiodactyla

an order of hooved mammals of the subclass Eutheria (including pigs and peccaries and hippopotami and members of the suborder Ruminantia) having an even number of functional toes

Ruminantia, suborder Ruminantia

cattle; bison; sheep; goats; antelopes; deer; chevrotains; giraffes; camels

Edentata, order Edentata

order of mammals having few or no teeth including: New World anteaters; sloths; armadillos

Xenarthra, suborder Xenarthra

armadillos; American anteaters; sloths

Pholidota, order Pholidota

pangolins; in some former classifications included in the order Edentata

Primates, order Primates

an animal order including lemurs and tarsiers and monkeys and apes and human beings

Anthropoidea, suborder Anthropoidea

monkeys; apes; hominids

Scandentia, order Scandentia

a small order comprising only the tree shrews: in some classifications tree shrews are considered either primates (and included in the suborder Prosimii) or true insectivores (and included in the order Insectivora)

Prosimii, suborder Prosimii

not used in all classifications; in some classifications considered coextensive with the Lemuroidea; in others includes both Lemuroidea and Tarsioidea

Lemuroidea, suborder Lemuroidea

Lemuridae; Lorisidae; Daubentoniidae; Indriidae; used in some classifications instead of Prosimii; in others considered a subdivision of Prosimii

Strepsirhini, suborder Strepsirhini

in some classifications either coextensive with the Lemuroidea or comprising the true lemurs

Tarsioidea, suborder Tarsioidea

in some classifications assigned to the suborder Prosimii

Dermoptera, order Dermoptera

flying lemurs

Proboscidea, order Proboscidea

an order of animals including elephants and mammoths

Siluriformes, order Siluriformes

an order of fish belonging to the superorder Malacopterygii including catfishes

Gadiformes, order Gadiformes

cods, haddocks, grenadiers; in some classifications considered equivalent to the order Anacanthini

Anacanthini, order Anacanthini

at least partially equivalent to the order Gadiformes in some classifications

Anguilliformes, order Anguilliformes, order Apodes

elongate fishes with pelvic fins and girdle absent or reduced

Isospondyli, order Isospondyli

most primitive teleost fishes; all are soft-finned: salmon; trout; herring; shad; sardines; anchovies; whitefish; smelts; tarpon

Order Osteoglossiformes, Osteoglossiformes

teleost fish with bony tongues

Pediculati, order Pediculati

anglers and batfishes; spiny-finned marine fishes having pectoral fins at the ends of armlike processes and a long movable spine on the dorsal fin to lure prey to the large mouth

Synentognathi, order Synentognathi

order of fishes having spineless fins; needlefishes; sauries; flying fishes; halfbeaks

Acanthopterygii, superorder Acanthopterygii

teleost fishes having fins with sharp bony rays

Perciformes, Percomorphi, order Perciformes, order Percomorphi

one of the largest natural groups of fishes of both marine and fresh water: true perches; basses; tuna

Percoidea, suborder Percoidea

in some classifications nearly or exactly equivalent to the Perciformes which are considered a suborder

Discocephali, order Discocephali

small order of fishes comprising the remoras

Mugiloidea, suborder Mugiloidea

fishes distinguished by abdominal pelvic fins: families Mugilidae; Atherinidae; Sphyraenidae

Blennioidea, suborder Blennioidea

blennies; butterfishes; gunnels

Scombroidea, suborder Scombroidea

mackerels; tunas; albacores; bonitos; swordfishes; sailfishes

Ganoidei, order Ganoidei

a group of mostly extinct primitive bony fishes characterized by armor-like bony scales

Scleroparei, order Scleroparei

scorpionfishes; sculpins; gurnards; greenlings; flying gurnards

Scorpaenoidea, suborder Scorpaenoidea

mail-cheeked fishes: scorpionfishes; gurnards

Plectognathi, order Plectognathi, order Tetraodontiformes

boxfishes; filefishes; globefishes; ocean sunfishes; triggerfishes; puffers

Heterosomata, order Heterosomata, order Pleuronectiformes

flatfishes: halibut; sole; flounder; plaice; turbot; tonguefishes

Daubentoniidae, family Daubentoniidae

comprising solely the aye-aye

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