examples:
Republic of Namibia
a republic in southwestern Africa on the south Atlantic coast (formerly called South West Africa); achieved independence from South Africa in 1990; the greater part of Namibia forms part of the high Namibian plateau of South Africa
Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria
a republic in northwestern Africa on the Mediterranean Sea with a population that is predominantly Sunni Muslim; colonized by France in the 19th century but gained autonomy in the early 1960s
Republic of Angola
a republic in southwestern Africa on the Atlantic Ocean; achieved independence from Portugal in 1975 and was the scene of civil war until 1990
Republic of Burundi
a landlocked republic in east central Africa on the northeastern shore of Lake Tanganyika
Republic of Cameroon
a republic on the western coast of central Africa; was under French and British control until 1960
Central African Republic
a landlocked country in central Africa; formerly under French control; became independent in 1960
Republic of Chad
a landlocked desert republic in north-central Africa; was under French control until 1960
Republic of Cote d'Ivoire
a republic in western Africa on the Gulf of Guinea; one of the most prosperous and politically stable countries in Africa
Republic of Benin
a country on western coast of Africa; formerly under French control
Togolese Republic
a republic on the western coast of Africa on the Gulf of Guinea; formerly under French control
Republic of Djibouti
a country in northeastern Africa on the Somali peninsula; formerly under French control but became independent in 1997
State of Eritrea
an African country to the north of Ethiopia on the Red Sea; achieved independence from Ethiopia in 1993
Republic of Botswana
a landlocked republic in south-central Africa that became independent from British control in the 1960s
Arab Republic of Egypt
a republic in northeastern Africa known as the United Arab Republic until 1971; site of an ancient civilization that flourished from 2600 to 30 BC
Republic of Kenya
a republic in eastern Africa; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1963; major archeological discoveries have been made in the Great Rift Valley in Kenya
Republic of Guinea
a republic in western Africa on the Atlantic; formerly a French colony; achieved independence from France in 1958
Kingdom of Lesotho
a landlocked constitutional monarchy in southern Africa; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1966
Republic of Liberia
a republic in West Africa; established in 1822 by Americans as a way to free negro slaves
Republic of Malawi
a landlocked republic in southern central Africa; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1964
Republic of Mali
a landlocked republic in northwestern Africa; achieved independence from France in 1960; Mali was a center of West African civilization for more than 4,000 years
Islamic Republic of Mauritania
a country in northwestern Africa with a provisional military government; achieved independence from France in 1960; largely western Sahara Desert
Kingdom of Morocco
a kingdom (constitutional monarchy) in northwestern Africa with a largely Muslim population; achieved independence from France in 1956
Republic of Mozambique
a republic on the southeastern coast of Africa on the Mozambique Channel; became independent from Portugal in 1975
Republic of Niger
a landlocked republic in West Africa; gained independence from France in 1960; most of the country is dominated by the Sahara Desert
Federal Republic of Nigeria
a republic in West Africa on the Gulf of Guinea; gained independence from Britain in 1960; most populous African country
Republic of Senegal
a republic in northwestern Africa on the coast of the Atlantic; formerly a French colony but achieved independence in 1960
Somalia
a republic in extreme eastern Africa on the Somali peninsula; subject to tribal warfare
Republic of South Africa
a republic at the southernmost part of Africa; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1910; first European settlers were Dutch (known as Boers)
Republic of the Sudan
a republic in northeastern Africa on the Red Sea; achieved independence from Egypt and the United Kingdom in 1956
Kingdom of Swaziland
a landlocked monarchy in southeastern Africa; member of the commonwealth that achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1968
Republic of Tunisia
a republic in northwestern Africa on the Mediterranean coast; achieved independence from France in 1956
Republic of Uganda
a landlocked republic in eastern Africa; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1962
Republic of Zambia
a republic in central Africa; formerly controlled by Great Britain and called Northern Rhodesia until it gained independence within the commonwealth in 1964
Republic of Zimbabwe
a landlocked republic in south central Africa formerly called Rhodesia; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1980