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The Prince and The Pauper: Chapters 8-14

A young prince and a poor commoner look almost exactly alike, so they decide to switch places to discover how the other lives. Read the full text here.

Here are links to our lists for the novel: Chapters 1-7, Chapters 8-14, Chapters 15-21, Chapters 22-30, Chapter 31-Notes

Here are links to our lists for other works by Mark Twain: The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Life on the Mississippi, A Story Without an End, The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County
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Full list of words from this list:

  1. troublous
    full of trouble
    About five o'clock Henry VIII. awoke out of an unrefreshing nap, and muttered to himself, "Troublous dreams, troublous dreams! Mine end is now at hand: so say these warnings, and my failing pulses do confirm it."
  2. pallor
    an unnatural lack of color in the skin
    His voice failed; an ashen pallor swept the flush from his cheeks; and the attendants eased him back upon his pillows, and hurriedly assisted him with restoratives.
  3. covet
    wish, long, or crave for
    Alack, how have I longed for this sweet hour! and lo, too late it cometh, and I am robbed of this so coveted chance.
  4. inarticulate
    without or deprived of the use of speech or words
    The King dropped into inarticulate mumblings, shaking his grey head weakly from time to time, and gropingly trying to recollect what he had done with the Seal.
  5. affliction
    a condition of suffering or distress due to ill health
    It grieveth me, my lord the King, to bear so heavy and unwelcome tidings; but it is the will of God that the prince's affliction abideth still, and he cannot recall to mind that he received the Seal.
    People often grieve over the loss of something. But here, the King is not dead yet, and the prince's affliction seems more like a mental imbalance than a serious physical loss of health. Lord Hertford is actually prematurely grieving about the possible loss of his own life, since he brings the King bad news and cannot find the Seal that he needs to carry out the King's order.
  6. gilt
    having the deep slightly brownish color of gold
    They were richly gilt, and their lofty prows and sterns were elaborately carved.
  7. emblazon
    decorate with heraldic arms
    Some of them were decorated with banners and streamers; some with cloth-of-gold and arras embroidered with coats-of-arms; others with silken flags that had numberless little silver bells fastened to them, which shook out tiny showers of joyous music whenever the breezes fluttered them; others of yet higher pretensions, since they belonged to nobles in the prince's immediate service, had their sides picturesquely fenced with shields gorgeously emblazoned with armorial bearings.
    "Pretension" means "a false appearance of great importance or worth" or "the advancing of a claim"--the inclusion of this word makes "emblazon" and "embroider" seem less like noble decorating and more like wasteful lying. The lengthy list also seems to be making fun of the river pageant (especially when you compare to descriptions of life on the Mississippi in Twain's memoir and other novels).
  8. habiliment
    a covering designed to be worn on a person's body
    Now came twelve French gentlemen, in splendid habiliments, consisting of pourpoints of white damask barred with gold, short mantles of crimson velvet lined with violet taffeta, and carnation coloured hauts-de-chausses, and took their way down the steps.
  9. spectacle
    an elaborate and remarkable display on a lavish scale
    O Tom Canty, born in a hovel, bred in the gutters of London, familiar with rags and dirt and misery, what a spectacle is this!
    A spectacle is also "a blunder that makes you look ridiculous"--this mocking definition can fit the example sentence, since a mistake about identities landed Tom in this position, and as the prince, he is dressed in clothes filled with jewels that respond to light with "a blinding flash."
  10. loathsome
    highly offensive; arousing aversion or disgust
    By the vague light of a tallow candle which was thrust into a bottle, he made out the main features of the loathsome den, and also the occupants of it.
  11. habituate
    familiarize psychologically or physically
    Two frowsy girls and a middle-aged woman cowered against the wall in one corner, with the aspect of animals habituated to harsh usage, and expecting and dreading it now.
  12. malignant
    dangerous to health
    From another corner stole a withered hag with streaming grey hair and malignant eyes.
    "Malignant" also means "strongly suggestive of evil, menace or harm"--this definition is a better fit for the example sentence. Although the old woman could also be withering away from a physical disease, her character was earlier described, with Tom's father, as "a couple of fiends" who "got drunk whenever they could; then they fought each other or anybody else who came in the way."
  13. distress
    psychological suffering
    Their dread of bodily injury gave way at once to distress of a different sort.
  14. belabor
    beat soundly
    Between them they belaboured the boy right soundly, and then gave the girls and their mother a beating for showing sympathy for the victim.
    Compare with "buffet" in the list for Chapters 1-7--the synonymous verbs emphasize how the real Prince is getting a painful sense of Tom's life as a pauper.
  15. commiseration
    feeling of sympathy and sorrow for the misfortunes of others
    He was touched by her brave and costly defence of him, and by her commiseration; and he thanked her in very noble and princely words, and begged her to go to her sleep and try to forget her sorrows.
  16. harass
    annoy continually or chronically
    It pursued her, it harassed her, it clung to her, and refused to be put away or ignored.
  17. manifest
    clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment
    Evidently she was racking her head in vain--it seemed manifest that she must give the matter up.
  18. smitten
    affected by something overwhelming
    The poor woman was smitten almost helpless with surprise and grief; but she contrived to hide her emotions, and to soothe the boy to sleep again; then she crept apart and communed miserably with herself upon the disastrous result of her experiment.
  19. profound
    deep and complete, of sleep
    The poor mother's interruptions having ceased, and the Prince's pains having gradually lost their power to disturb him, utter weariness at last sealed his eyes in a profound and restful sleep.
  20. consort
    keep company with
    In a moment all the heavy sorrow and misery which sleep had banished were upon him again, and he realised that he was no longer a petted prince in a palace, with the adoring eyes of a nation upon him, but a pauper, an outcast, clothed in rags, prisoner in a den fit only for beasts, and consorting with beggars and thieves.
    "Consort" could be a pun here, since as a noun, it means "the husband or wife of a reigning monarch." Although Edward is not yet a king and does not have a wife, that definition is closer to what he is used to than "consorting with beggars and thieves."
  21. splendor
    a quality that outshines the usual
    the entire river was aglow with the flash and sheen of coloured lights; and constant explosions of fireworks filled the skies with an intricate commingling of shooting splendours and a thick rain of dazzling sparks that almost turned night into day
    Also fitting here is the definition that's synonymous with "grandeur" (see list for Chapters 1-7). Note the spellings of "splendor" and "color" in the example sentence. The extra "u" reminds the readers that the setting is British (even though the author is American).
  22. spurious
    plausible but false
    To wit, that a spurious Prince of Wales was being feasted by the city in his stead.
  23. solemnity
    a somber and dignified feeling
    There was a bugle-blast and a proclamation, and a fat butler appeared in a high perch in the leftward wall, followed by his servitors bearing with impressive solemnity a royal baron of beef, smoking hot and ready for the knife.
  24. mortification
    strong feelings of embarrassment
    Tears of mortification sprang to his eyes, but he stood his ground and defied the mob right royally.
  25. forlorn
    marked by or showing hopelessness
    "I tell ye again, you pack of unmannerly curs, I am the Prince of Wales! And all forlorn and friendless as I be, with none to give me word of grace or help me in my need, yet will not I be driven from my ground, but will maintain it!"
  26. adornment
    a decoration that is added to relieve plainness
    His doublet and trunks were of rich material, but faded and threadbare, and their gold-lace adornments were sadly tarnished; his ruff was rumpled and damaged; the plume in his slouched hat was broken and had a bedraggled and disreputable look
    This description shows that Miles Hendon has had his share of both treasures and troubles. Proofs of his treasures are in his clothes: rich material, gold-lace adornments, ruff, plume. Proofs of his troubles are in the state of his clothes: faded, threadbare, tarnished, rumpled, damaged, slouched, broken, bedraggled ("limp and soiled as if dragged in the mud"), and disreputable (lacking respectability in appearance).
  27. prostrate
    stretched out and lying at full length along the ground
    His victims sprawled this way and that, but the mob-tide poured over their prostrate forms and dashed itself against the champion with undiminished fury.
  28. malady
    impairment of normal physiological function
    I will teach him; I will cure his malady; yea, I will be his elder brother, and care for him and watch over him
  29. privation
    a state of extreme poverty
    I fought out my long probation in the continental wars, tasting sumptuously of hard knocks, privation, and adventure
  30. compass
    an area in which something operates or has power or control
    Name thy desire, and so it be within the compass of my royal power, it is thine.
  31. sufficient
    of a quantity that can fulfill a need or requirement
    Invoking this precedent in aid of my prayer, I beseech the King to grant to me but this one grace and privilege--to my more than sufficient reward--and none other, to wit: that I and my heirs, for ever, may sit in the presence of the Majesty of England!
  32. accolade
    a tangible symbol signifying approval or distinction
    "Rise, Sir Miles Hendon, Knight," said the King, gravely--giving the accolade with Hendon's sword--"rise, and seat thyself.
  33. prate
    speak about unimportant matters rapidly and incessantly
    Out of my sight, idiot! Thy prating drives me mad!
  34. coffer
    the funds of a government, institution, or individual
    he gasped again when the fact appeared that 20,000 pounds of this money was still owing and unpaid; and once more when it appeared that the King's coffers were about empty, and his twelve hundred servants much embarrassed for lack of the wages due them.
  35. irksome
    tedious or irritating
    Sith thou art no more Prince of Wales but King, thou canst order matters as thou wilt, with none to say thee nay; wherefore it is not in reason that thou wilt longer vex thyself with dreary studies, but wilt burn thy books and turn thy mind to things less irksome.
Created on Wed Aug 06 20:27:43 EDT 2014 (updated Mon Jul 02 15:18:27 EDT 2018)

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