types:
zavorra
any heavy material used to stabilize a ship or airship
minerale
solid homogeneous inorganic substances occurring in nature having a definite chemical composition
adesivo
a substance that unites or bonds surfaces together
abrasivo
a substance that abrades or wears down
conduttore
a substance that readily conducts e.g. electricity and heat
isolatore
a material such as glass or porcelain with negligible electrical or thermal conductivity
suolo,
terra,
terreno
the loose soft material that makes up a large part of the land surface
emissione
a substance that is emitted or released
deiezione,
detrito
loose material (stone fragments and silt etc) that is worn away from rocks
fibra
a slender and greatly elongated substance capable of being spun into yarn
bava,
schiuma
a lightweight material in cellular form; made by introducing gas bubbles during manufacture
carta,
cartamodello
a material made of cellulose pulp derived mainly from wood or rags or certain grasses
barba
tuft of strong filaments by which e.g. a mussel makes itself fast to a fixed surface
carta,
carta da gioco
one of a set of small pieces of stiff paper marked in various ways and used for playing games or for telling fortunes
coriandolo
small pieces or streamers of colored paper that are thrown around on festive occasions (as at a wedding)
detonante,
esplosivo
a chemical substance that undergoes a rapid chemical change (with the production of gas) on being heated or struck
colore,
pittura,
tinta,
vernice
a substance used as a coating to protect or decorate a surface (especially a mixture of pigment suspended in a liquid); dries to form a hard coating
foglio
paper used for writing or printing
morena
accumulated earth and stones deposited by a glacier
rame
a ductile malleable reddish-brown corrosion-resistant diamagnetic metallic element; occurs in various minerals but is the only metal that occurs abundantly in large masses; used as an electrical and thermal conductor
bauxite
a clay-like mineral; the chief ore of aluminum; composed of aluminum oxides and aluminum hydroxides; used as an abrasive and catalyst
borace,
borato
an ore of boron consisting of hydrated sodium borate; used as a flux or cleansing agent
smeriglio
a hard grey-black mineral consisting of corundum and either hematite or magnetite; used as an abrasive (especially as a coating on paper)
gesso
a common white or colorless mineral (hydrated calcium sulphate) used to make cements and plasters (especially plaster of Paris)
malachite
a green or blue mineral used as an ore of copper and for making ornamental objects
torba
partially carbonized vegetable matter saturated with water; can be used as a fuel when dried
pirite
a common mineral (iron disulfide) that has a pale yellow color
quarzo
a hard glossy mineral consisting of silicon dioxide in crystal form; present in most rocks (especially sandstone and granite); yellow sand is quartz with iron oxide impurities
vischio
a sticky adhesive that is smeared on small branches to capture small birds
veicolo
an inactive substance that is a vehicle for a radioactive tracer of the same substance and that assists in its recovery after some chemical reaction
corno,
tessuto corneo
the material (mostly keratin) that covers the horns of ungulates and forms hooves and claws and nails
crosta
the material that forms the hard outer covering of many animals
tampone
absorbent paper used to dry ink
cartacarbone
a thin paper coated on one side with a dark waxy substance (often containing carbon); used to transfer characters from the original to an under sheet of paper
cannuccia,
paglia
material consisting of seed coverings and small pieces of stem or leaves that have been separated from the seeds
lignite
intermediate between peat and bituminous coal
composto,
composto chimico
(chemistry) a substance formed by chemical union of two or more elements or ingredients in definite proportion by weight
semiconduttore
a substance as germanium or silicon whose electrical conductivity is intermediate between that of a metal and an insulator; its conductivity increases with temperature and in the presence of impurities
sughero
outer bark of the cork oak; used for stoppers for bottles etc.
esalazione
gases ejected from an engine as waste products
polvere
fine powdery material such as dry earth or pollen that can be blown about in the air
terra,
terriccio
the part of the earth's surface consisting of humus and disintegrated rock
fognatura
waste matter carried away in sewers or drains
balla,
boiata,
immondizia,
paccottiglia,
patacca,
pattume,
porcheria,
rancidume,
rifiuto,
scarto,
schifezza,
spazzatura,
sudiceria,
turpitudine,
zavorra
worthless material that is to be disposed of
fondente
a substance added to molten metals to bond with impurities that can then be readily removed
filamento
a very slender natural or synthetic fiber
gommapiuma
spongy rubber; made by introducing air bubbles before vulcanization and used for cushioning or upholstery
magma
molten rock in the earth's crust
lino
a high-quality paper made of linen fibers or with a linen finish
calcare
a sedimentary rock consisting mainly of calcium that was deposited by the remains of marine animals
tornasole
unsized paper treated with litmus for use as an acid-base indicator
marmo
a hard crystalline metamorphic rock that takes a high polish; used for sculpture and as building material
mordente
a substance used to treat leather or other materials before dyeing; aids in dyeing process
papiro
paper made from the papyrus plant by cutting it in strips and pressing it flat; used by ancient Egyptians and Greeks and Romans
tintura
a usually soluble substance for staining or coloring e.g. fabrics or hair
pigmento
dry coloring material (especially a powder to be mixed with a liquid to produce paint, etc.)
spinello
a hard glassy mineral consisting of an oxide of magnesium and aluminum; occurs in various colors that are used as gemstones
talco
a fine grained mineral having a soft soapy feel and consisting of hydrated magnesium silicate; used in a variety of products including talcum powder
topazio
a mineral (fluosilicate of aluminum) that occurs in crystals of various colors and is used as a gemstone
tormalina
a mineral that is a complex borosilicate and hydroxide of aluminum containing iron and magnesium and calcium and lithium and sodium; it is usually black but occurs in transparent colored forms that are used as gemstones
turchese
a blue to grey green mineral consisting of copper aluminum phosphate
legname,
legno
the hard fibrous lignified substance under the bark of trees
carta da lettera
paper material made into thin sheets that are sized to take ink; used for writing correspondence and manuscripts
blenda
an ore that is the chief source of zinc; consists largely of zinc sulfide in crystalline form
zircone
a common mineral occurring in small crystals; chief source of zirconium; used as a refractory when opaque and as a gem when transparent