In science, anything hydrologic has something to do with water or the effects of water on land. A devastating flood is an example of a hydrologic disaster.
The adjective hydrologic comes from hydrology, "the science of water," and its roots, the Greek hyrdo-, "water," and the scientific suffix -logy, "study or science." The way water moves from the ocean to the atmosphere and back to the earth is known as the hydrologic cycle. And hydrologic research is the kind of work done by hydrologists, or geologists whose focus is entirely on water and its effects on the planet.