examples:
George Boole
English mathematician; creator of Boolean algebra (1815-1864)
John Dalton
English chemist and physicist who formulated atomic theory and the law of partial pressures; gave the first description of red-green color blindness (1766-1844)
Charles Robert Darwin
English natural scientist who formulated a theory of evolution by natural selection (1809-1882)
Rene Descartes
French philosopher and mathematician; developed dualistic theory of mind and matter; introduced the use of coordinates to locate a point in two or three dimensions (1596-1650)
Albert Einstein
physicist born in Germany who formulated the special theory of relativity and the general theory of relativity; Einstein also proposed that light consists of discrete quantized bundles of energy (later called photons) (1879-1955)
Euclides
Greek geometer (3rd century BC)
Michael Faraday
the English physicist and chemist who discovered electromagnetic induction (1791-1867)
Pierre de Fermat
French mathematician who founded number theory; contributed (with Pascal) to the theory of probability (1601-1665)
Carl Friedrich Gauss
German mathematician who developed the theory of numbers and who applied mathematics to electricity and magnetism and astronomy and geodesy (1777-1855)
Hans Geiger
German physicist who developed the Geiger counter (1882-1945)
Heinrich Rudolph Hertz
German physicist who was the first to produce electromagnetic waves artificially (1857-1894)
Thomas Henry Huxley
English biologist and a leading exponent of Darwin's theory of evolution (1825-1895)
William James
United States pragmatic philosopher and psychologist (1842-1910)
Louis Seymour Bazett Leakey
English paleontologist whose account of fossil discoveries in Tanzania changed theories of human evolution (1903-1972)
Louis Seymour Bazett Leakey
English paleontologist (the wife of Louis Leakey) who discovered the Zinjanthropus skull that was 1,750,000 years old (1913-1996)
Louis Seymour Bazett Leakey
English paleontologist (son of Louis Leakey and Mary Leakey) who continued the work of his parents; he was appointed director of a wildlife preserve in Kenya but resigned under political pressure (born in 1944)
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
German philosopher and mathematician who thought of the universe as consisting of independent monads and who devised a system of the calculus independent of Newton (1646-1716)
Carolus Linnaeus
Swedish botanist who proposed the modern system of biological nomenclature (1707-1778)
Gregor Johann Mendel
Augustinian monk and botanist whose experiments in breeding garden peas led to his eventual recognition as founder of the science of genetics (1822-1884)
Isaac Newton
English mathematician and physicist; remembered for developing the calculus and for his law of gravitation and his three laws of motion (1642-1727)
Robert Oppenheimer
United States physicist who directed the project at Los Alamos that developed the first atomic bomb (1904-1967)
Panini
Indian grammarian whose grammatical rules for Sanskrit are the first known example of descriptive linguistics (circa 400 BC)
Blaise Pascal
French mathematician and philosopher and Jansenist; invented an adding machine; contributed (with Fermat) to the theory of probability (1623-1662)
Louis Pasteur
French chemist and biologist whose discovery that fermentation is caused by microorganisms resulted in the process of pasteurization (1822-1895)
Ivan Petrovich Pavlov
Russian physiologist who observed conditioned salivary responses in dogs (1849-1936)
Piaget
Swiss psychologist remembered for his studies of cognitive development in children (1896-1980)
Ptolomeo
Alexandrian astronomer (of the 2nd century) who proposed a geocentric system of astronomy that was undisputed until the late Renaissance
Pitágoras
Greek philosopher and mathematician who proved the Pythagorean theorem; considered to be the first true mathematician (circa 580-500 BC)
John Maynard Keynes
English economist who advocated the use of government monetary and fiscal policy to maintain full employment without inflation (1883-1946)
Thomas Robert Malthus
an English economist who argued that increases in population would outgrow increases in the means of subsistence (1766-1834)
types:
biólogo
(biology) a scientist who studies living organisms
químico
a scientist who specializes in chemistry
informático
a scientist who specializes in the theory of computation and the design of computers
oceanógrafo
a scientist who studies physical and biological aspects of the seas
físico
a scientist trained in physics
radiólogo
a scientist trained in radiological technology
investigador
a scientist who devotes himself to doing research
algebrista
a mathematician whose specialty is algebra
antropólogo
a social scientist who specializes in anthropology
bioquímico
someone with special training in biochemistry
botánico
a biologist specializing in the study of plants
ecólogo
a biologist who studies the relation between organisms and their environment
epidemiólogo
a medical scientist who studies the transmission and control of epidemic diseases
geómetra
a mathematician specializing in geometry
gramático
a linguist who specializes in the study of grammar and syntax
inmunólogo
a medical scientist who specializes in immunology
naturalista
a biologist knowledgeable about natural history (especially botany and zoology)
parapsicólogo,
parasicólogo
someone who studies the evidence for such psychological phenomena as psychokinesis and telepathy and clairvoyance
penalista
a person who studies the theory and practice of prison management
fisiólogo
a biologist specializing in physiology
inmunólogo
a medical scientist who specializes in serology
sociólogo
a social scientist who studies the institutions and development of human society
estadístico
a mathematician who specializes in statistics
toxicólogo
one who studies the nature and effects of poisons and their treatment
zoólogo
a specialist in the branch of biology dealing with animals