Other forms: cheques; chequed
A cheque is a written order directing a bank to pay out money, and it's exactly the same thing as a check, but with more exciting letters.
The American English word for the slip of paper that authorizes your bank to make a payment is check, which is the adjusted spelling of the British English cheque. That word comes from exchequer which is like a bank, and so a cheque is a note that has the seal of the bank: an official piece of paper. Cheque can be used as a verb meaning "withdraw."