Cell Structure

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  1. organelle
    a specialized part of a cell; analogous to an organ
    The prokaryote cell is simpler, and therefore smaller, than a eukaryote cell, lacking a nucleus and most of the other organelles of eukaryotes.
  2. eukaryote
    an organism of one or more cells with membrane-bound nuclei
    The prokaryote cell is simpler, and therefore smaller, than a eukaryote cell, lacking a nucleus and most of the other organelles of eukaryotes.
  3. prokaryotic
    having cells that lack membrane-bound nuclei
    Nuclear material of prokaryotic cell consist of a single chromosome that is in direct contact with cytoplasm.
  4. Borrelia burgdorferi
    cause of Lyme disease
    A prokaryotic chromosome is usually a circular molecule (an exception is that of the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi, which causes Lyme disease).
  5. plasma membrane
    a thin membrane enclosing the cytoplasm of a cell
    These are structures (not present in all prokaryotes) made of proteins that facilitate movement and communication between cells;
    Enclosing the cell is the cell envelope – generally consisting of a cell wall covering a plasma membrane though some bacteria also have a further covering layer called a capsule.
  6. borrelia
    cause of e.g. European and African relapsing fever
    A prokaryotic chromosome is usually a circular molecule (an exception is that of the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi, which causes Lyme disease).
  7. cytoplasmic
    of or relating to cytoplasm
    Some eukaryote cells (plant cells and fungi cells) also have a cell wall;
    Inside the cell is the cytoplasmic region that contains the cell genome (DNA) and ribosomes and various sorts of inclusions.
  8. cytolysis
    pathological breakdown of cells by the destruction of their outer membrane
    It also prevents the cell from expanding and finally bursting (cytolysis) from osmotic pressure against a hypotonic environment.
  9. hypotonic
    (of living tissue) lacking normal tone or tension
    It also prevents the cell from expanding and finally bursting (cytolysis) from osmotic pressure against a hypotonic environment.
  10. ribosome
    a particle in a cell that helps synthesize proteins
    Some eukaryote cells (plant cells and fungi cells) also have a cell wall;
    Inside the cell is the cytoplasmic region that contains the cell genome (DNA) and ribosomes and various sorts of inclusions.
  11. mycoplasma
    any of a group of small parasitic bacteria that lack cell walls and can survive without oxygen; can cause pneumonia and urinary tract infection
    Though most prokaryotes have a cell wall, there are exceptions such as Mycoplasma (bacteria) and Thermoplasma (archaea).
  12. cytoplasm
    the substance inside a cell, not including the nucleus
    Nuclear material of prokaryotic cell consist of a single chromosome that is in direct contact with cytoplasm.
  13. osmotic pressure
    (physical chemistry) the pressure exerted by a solution necessary to prevent osmosis into that solution when it is separated from the pure solvent by a semipermeable membrane
    It also prevents the cell from expanding and finally bursting (cytolysis) from osmotic pressure against a hypotonic environment.
  14. chromosome
    a threadlike strand of DNA that carries genes
    Nuclear material of prokaryotic cell consist of a single chromosome that is in direct contact with cytoplasm.
  15. antibiotic
    a substance used to kill microorganisms and cure infections
    Plasmids enable additional functions, such as antibiotic resistance.
  16. bacterium
    a single-celled or noncellular organism lacking chlorophyll
    A prokaryotic chromosome is usually a circular molecule (an exception is that of the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi, which causes Lyme disease).
  17. plasma
    the watery fluid in which blood cells are suspended
    These are structures (not present in all prokaryotes) made of proteins that facilitate movement and communication between cells;
    Enclosing the cell is the cell envelope – generally consisting of a cell wall covering a plasma membrane though some bacteria also have a further covering layer called a capsule.
  18. condense
    cause a gas or vapor to change into a liquid
    Though not forming a nucleus, the DNA is condensed in a nucleoid.
  19. genome
    the full DNA sequence of an organism
    Some eukaryote cells (plant cells and fungi cells) also have a cell wall;
    Inside the cell is the cytoplasmic region that contains the cell genome (DNA) and ribosomes and various sorts of inclusions.
  20. molecule
    the simplest structural unit of an element or compound
    A prokaryotic chromosome is usually a circular molecule (an exception is that of the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi, which causes Lyme disease).
  21. protein
    an organic compound essential to living cells
    These are structures (not present in all prokaryotes) made of proteins that facilitate movement and communication between cells;
    Enclosing the cell is the cell envelope – generally consisting of a cell wall covering a plasma membrane though some bacteria also have a further covering layer called a capsule.
  22. membrane
    a sheet of tissue that lines or connects organs or cells
    These are structures (not present in all prokaryotes) made of proteins that facilitate movement and communication between cells;
    Enclosing the cell is the cell envelope – generally consisting of a cell wall covering a plasma membrane though some bacteria also have a further covering layer called a capsule.
  23. nuclear
    constituting the core or central part
    Nuclear material of prokaryotic cell consist of a single chromosome that is in direct contact with cytoplasm.
  24. environment
    the totality of surrounding conditions
    The envelope gives rigidity to the cell and separates the interior of the cell from its environment, serving as a protective filter.
Created on Thu Sep 29 21:36:42 EDT 2011

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