Genetic Terms

a small anatomically normal sac or bladderlike structure

the process in which a gastrula develops from a blastula by the inward migration of cells

a type of cell death in which the cell uses specialized cellular machinery to kill itself; a cell suicide mechanism that enables metazoans to control cell number and eliminate cells that threaten the animal's survival

the simplest amino acid found in proteins and the principal amino acid in sugar cane

a small lymphocyte developed in the thymus

an agranulocytic leukocyte that normally makes up a quarter of the white blood cell count but increases in the presence of infection

an acute blood disorder (often caused by radiation or drug therapy) characterized by severe reduction in granulocytes

a leukocyte that has granules in its cytoplasm

blood cells that engulf and digest bacteria and fungi

(biochemistry) a long linear polymer found in the nucleus of a cell and formed from nucleotides and shaped like a double helix; associated with the transmission of genetic information

(biochemistry) a long linear polymer found in the nucleus of a cell and formed from nucleotides and shaped like a double helix; associated with the transmission of genetic information

the template for protein synthesis

a nucleic acid that helps synthesize proteins and transmit genetic data

a tiny granule in the cytoplasm that is where protein synthesis takes place under the direction of mRNA

the substance of a living cell

a phosphoric ester of a nucleoside

a glycoside formed by partial hydrolysis of a nucleic acid

a group of compounds derived from monosaccharides

a sugar that does not hydrolyse to give other sugars

undergo hydrolysis; decompose by reacting with water

a nucleotide derived from adenosine that occurs in muscle tissue; the major source of energy for cellular reactions

a nucleotide found in muscle cells and important in metabolism; reversibly convertible to ADP and ATP

an ester of adenosine that is converted to ATP for energy storage

formed by reaction between an acid and an alcohol with elimination of water

a small molecule essential for the activity of some enzymes

production of a chemical compound by a living organism

an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of a proenzyme to an active enzyme

the circulation of cytoplasm within a cell

a colorless crystalline organic base containing nitrogen

any monosaccharide sugar containing five atoms of carbon per molecule

a pentose sugar important as a component of ribonucleic acid

a heterocyclic compound having a metal ion attached by coordinate bonds to at least two nonmetal ions

glyceride occurring naturally in animal and vegetable tissues; it consists of three individual fatty acids bound together in a single large molecule; an important energy source forming much of the fat stored by the body

an ester of glycerol and fatty acids that occurs naturally as fats and fatty oils

pertaining to the formation of blood or blood cells

of or relating to or located in the endothelium

an epithelium of mesoblastic origin

the formation of new blood vessels

of a cell or organism having a single set of chromosomes