- Examples:
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Aldebaran
the brightest star in Taurus
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Algol
the second brightest star in Perseus; the first known eclipsing binary
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Alpha Centauri
brightest star in Centaurus; second nearest star to the sun
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Alpha Crucis
the brightest star in the Southern Cross
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Altair
double star 15.7 light years from Earth; the brightest star in the Aquila constellation
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Antares
the brightest star in Scorpius
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Apollo asteroid
an asteroid whose orbit crosses the Earth's orbit
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Arcturus
the 4th brightest star and the brightest star in the constellation Bootes; 36 light-years from Earth
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Beta Centauri
the second brightest star in Centaurus
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Beta Crucis
the second brightest star in the Southern Cross
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Alpha Orionis
the second brightest star in Orion
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Callisto
the second largest of Jupiter's satellites
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Canopus
supergiant star 650 light years from Earth; second brightest star in the sky
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Capella
the brightest star in Auriga
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Alpha Geminorum
a multiple star with 6 components; second brightest in Gemini; close to Pollux
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Ceres
the largest asteroid and the first discovered
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Crab Nebula
a remnant of a supernova detected first in 1054 AD
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Deimos
the outer of two small satellites of Mars
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Deneb
the brightest star in Cygnus
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Denebola
a star in Leo approximately 43 light years from Earth
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Earth
the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on
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Epsilon Aurigae
the largest known star
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Europa
the 4th largest of Jupiter's satellites; covered with a smooth shell of frozen water
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evening star
a planet (usually Venus) seen at sunset in the western sky
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Ganymede
the largest of Jupiter's satellites
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Io
the closest of Jupiter's moons; has active volcanoes
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Jupiter
the largest planet and the 5th from the sun; has many satellites and is one of the brightest objects in the night sky
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Red Planet
a small reddish planet that is the 4th from the sun and is periodically visible to the naked eye; minerals rich in iron cover its surface and are responsible for its characteristic color
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Mercury
the smallest planet and the nearest to the sun
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Moon
the natural satellite of the Earth
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Neptune
a giant planet with a ring of ice particles; the 8th planet from the sun is the most remote of the gas giants
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Pallas
a large asteroid; the second asteroid to be discovered
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Phobos
the larger of the two satellites of Mars
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Pluto
a small planet and the farthest known planet from the sun; it has the most elliptical orbit of all the planets
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North Star
the brightest star in Ursa Minor; at the end of the handle of the Little Dipper; the northern axis of the earth points toward it
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Pollux
the brightest star in Gemini; close to Castor
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Procyon
the brightest star in Canis Minor
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Proxima Centauri
the nearest star to the sun; distance: 4.3 light years
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Quaoar
a planetoid discovered in 2002
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Regulus
the brightest star in Leo
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Beta Orionis
the brightest star in Orion
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Saturn
a giant planet that is surrounded by three planar concentric rings of ice particles; the 6th planet from the sun
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Sedna
a planetoid of rock and ice about three-quarters the size of Pluto discovered in 2003; the most distant object known to orbit around the sun
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Canicula
the brightest star in the sky; in Canis Major
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Spica
the brightest star in Virgo
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Asterope
one of the stars in the star cluster Pleiades
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Sun
the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system
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Titan
the largest of the satellites of Saturn; has a hazy nitrogen atmosphere
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Triton
the largest moon of Neptune
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Uranus
a giant planet with a ring of ice particles; the 7th planet from the sun has a blue-green color and many satellites
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Vega
the brightest star in the constellation Lyra
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Venus
the second nearest planet to the sun; it is peculiar in that its rotation is slow and retrograde (in the opposite sense of the Earth and all other planets except Uranus); it is visible from Earth as an early `morning star' or an `evening star'
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Vesta
the brightest asteroid but the fourth to be discovered
- Types:
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minor planet, planetoid
any of numerous small celestial bodies that move around the sun
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major planet, planet
(astronomy) any of the nine large celestial bodies in the solar system that revolve around the sun and shine by reflected light; Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto in order of their proximity to the sun; viewed from the constellation Hercules, all the planets rotate around the sun in a counterclockwise direction
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planet
any celestial body (other than comets or satellites) that revolves around a star
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planetesimal
one of many small solid celestial bodies thought to have existed at an early stage in the development of the solar system
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primary
(astronomy) a celestial body (especially a star) relative to other objects in orbit around it
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quasar, quasi-stellar radio source
a starlike object that may send out radio waves and other forms of energy; many have large red shifts
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satellite
any celestial body orbiting around a planet or star
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star
(astronomy) a celestial body of hot gases that radiates energy derived from thermonuclear reactions in the interior
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star
any celestial body visible (as a point of light) from the Earth at night
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asteroid
any of numerous small celestial bodies composed of rock and metal that move around the sun (mainly between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter)
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binary, binary star, double star
a system of two stars that revolve around each other under their mutual gravitation
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fixed star
any star in the Ptolemaic theory of planetary motion
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Galilean, Galilean satellite
one of the four satellites of Jupiter that were discovered by Galileo
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giant, giant star
a very bright star of large diameter and low density (relative to the Sun)
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inferior planet
any of the planets whose orbit lies inside the earth's orbit
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Jovian planet, gas giant
any of the four outermost planets in the solar system; much larger than Earth and gaseous in nature (like Jupiter)
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KBO, Kuiper belt object
any of many minor planets in the Kuiper belt outside the orbit of Neptune at the edge of the solar system
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loadstar, lodestar
guiding star; a star that is used as a reference point in navigation or astronomy
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moon
any natural satellite of a planet
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Lucifer, Phosphorus, daystar, morning star
a planet (usually Venus) seen just before sunrise in the eastern sky
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multiple star
a system of three or more stars associated by gravity
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neutron star
a star that has collapsed under its own gravity; it is composed of neutrons
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nova
a star that ejects some of its material in the form of a cloud and become more luminous in the process
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outer planet
(astronomy) a major planet whose orbit is outside the asteroid belt (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto)
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red dwarf, red dwarf star
a small, old, relatively cool star; approximately 100 times the mass of Jupiter
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red giant, red giant star
a large, old, luminous star; has a relatively low surface temperature and a diameter large relative to the sun
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starlet
a small star
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sun
any star around which a planetary system revolves
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supergiant
an extremely bright star of very large diameter and low density
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superior planet
any of the planets whose orbit lies outside the earth's orbit
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supernova
a star that explodes and becomes extremely luminous in the process
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terrestrial planet
a planet having a compact rocky surface like the Earth's; the four innermost planets in the solar system
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variable, variable star
a star that varies noticeably in brightness
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white dwarf, white dwarf star
a faint star of enormous density