|

Mayor Bloomberg on Lower Manhattan since 9/11 558 words

New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg's speech on the rebirth of Lower Manhattan since 9/11.

http://www.nyc.gov/html/om/html/2011b/pr319-11.html

MORE ON THIS LIST:

0% Mastered %
  1. ground zero
    the target of a projectile (as a bomb or missile)
    “We will never forget the devastation of the area that came to be known as ‘Ground Zero.’
  2. World Trade Center
    twin skyscrapers 110 stories high in New York City; built 1368 feet tall in 1970 to 1973; destroyed by a terrorist attack on September 11, 2001
    “Sunday morning, we will remember each one of them in a ceremony at the World Trade Center site, where a beautiful new memorial designed by Michael Arad and Peter Walker will open.
  3. revitalization
    bringing again into activity and prominence
    “As we look back on the past decade, and as the picture of what has happened here comes into sharper focus, I believe the re-birth and revitalization of Lower Manhattan will be remembered as one of the greatest comeback stories in American history.
  4. terrorist attack
    a surprise attack involving the deliberate use of violence against civilians in the hope of attaining political or religious aims
    Over the past decade, thanks to the leadership of Police Commissioner Ray Kelly, we have built the best counter-terrorism operation of any police force in the world, which has thwarted at least 13 potential terrorist attacks on our City.
  5. come hell or high water
    in spite of all obstacles
    “Over the next 10 years – come hell or high water – I fully expect that Lower Manhattan will continue to grow as a neighborhood, as a business district, as a creative community and as a destination for visitors.
  6. 9/11
    the day in 2001 when Arab suicide bombers hijacked United States airliners and used them as bombs
    At the 9/11 funerals and memorial services I attended, I heard stories of people so full of life – full of love – full of laughter.
  7. business leader
    a very wealthy or powerful businessman
    “The list could go on forever: Joe Daniels and all those who have supported the Memorial and Foundation; the Downtown Alliance, the members of Community Board 1, all the business leaders who committed to Lower Manhattan, especially Ken Chenault and
  8. water main
    main (a pipe or conduit) for conveying water
    Over the past 10 years, we’ve invested $165 million in restructuring streets, and $127 million to replace 20 miles of water mains – some of which were 100 years old.
  9. cobblestone
    rectangular paving stone with curved top; once used to make roads
    In 2001, Stone Street was a dark and desolate back alley with nice cobblestones but not much else.
  10. house of worship
    any building where congregations gather for prayer
    “With every new resident that moves downtown, with every new business and house of worship that opens its doors, with every new student that enters a classroom, we honor the spirit of those we lost that day, we honor the values that define our city
  11. Manhattan
    one of the five boroughs of New York City
    Their spirit inspired all of us – and I believe we owe it to them to keep their spirit alive, not only in our own hearts, not only at the World Trade Center site, but on every street they walked here in Lower Manhattan.
  12. hijacker
    a holdup man who stops a vehicle and steals from it
    We understood that the hijackers did more than attack two buildings; they attacked the freedom that defines our city and country: The freedom to think and speak and worship and love as we wish.
  13. headquarter
    provide with headquarters
    “The list could go on forever: Joe Daniels and all those who have supported the Memorial and Foundation; the Downtown Alliance, the members of Community Board 1, all the business leaders who committed to Lower Manhattan, especially Ken Chenault and Americ
  14. progress report
    a report of work accomplished during a specified time period
    Today, it is one of the highest-performing high schools in the City, with A’s on its progress reports and a graduation rate of 99 percent.
  15. downtown
    the central area or commercial center of a town or city
    “With every new resident that moves downtown, with every new business and house of worship that opens its doors, with every new student that enters a classroom, we honor the spirit of those we lost that day, we honor the values that define our city
  16. caregiver
    a person who is responsible for attending to the needs of a child or dependent adult
    We did it in time by volunteering – as rescue and recovery workers, social workers and medical professionals, as caterers and caregivers.
  17. ghost town
    a deserted settlement (especially in western United States)
    “Our goal was to turn a financial district that became a ghost town after 6 PM into a vibrant and dynamic 24/7 community.
  18. incubator
    apparatus consisting of a box designed to maintain a constant temperature by the use of a thermostat; used for chicks or premature infants
    In 2009, we created a small business incubator in partnership with ABNY – called the Hive at 55 Broad Street.
  19. Robert De Niro
    United States film actor who frequently plays tough characters (born 1943)
    In the wake of the attacks, Robert De Niro, Jane Rosenthal, and Craig Hatkoff founded the Festival to help spur an economic and cultural revitalization downtown – and has it ever.
  20. band together
    form a group or unite
    But because people like Lew and his brother Jack never gave up, because community leaders in every borough banded together to revitalize their neighborhoods, and because Mayors Koch, Dinkins, and Giuliani – and Governors Carey, Cuomo, and Pataki –
  21. world-class
    ranking above all others
    And we’re honored that he, and so many world-class architects, have wanted to be part of the post-9/11 renaissance we see all across our city.
  22. East River
    a tidal strait separating Manhattan and the Bronx from Queens and Brooklyn
    If we head over to the East River, we can walk along the new East River Esplanade, which we just opened this summer.
  23. business district
    the central area or commercial center of a town or city
    “Over the next 10 years – come hell or high water – I fully expect that Lower Manhattan will continue to grow as a neighborhood, as a business district, as a creative community and as a destination for visitors.
  24. rebuild
    build again
    “Of course, the rebuilding of the site has not been easy – far from it.
  25. 24/7
    uptime is 24 hours a day 7 days a week
    “Our goal was to turn a financial district that became a ghost town after 6 PM into a vibrant and dynamic 24/7 community.
  26. revitalize
    give new life or vigor to
    But because people like Lew and his brother Jack never gave up, because community leaders in every borough banded together to revitalize their neighborhoods, and because Mayors Koch, Dinkins, and Giuliani – and Governors Carey, Cuomo, and Pataki –
  27. coffee shop
    a small restaurant where drinks and snacks are sold
    “In 2002, Peter and his partners opened a coffee shop and a pastry shop on Stone Street, followed by an Irish pub the next year.
  28. zoning
    dividing an area into zones or sections reserved for different purposes such as residence and business and manufacturing etc
    [SHORT VIDEO] “Digital media start-ups are growing side-by-side with long-time downtown businesses like J&R. And later today, the City Council will hold a hearing on a zoning resolution that will allow a downtown icon, the Century 21 department sto
  29. memorial
    a recognition of meritorious service
    “Sunday morning, we will remember each one of them in a ceremony at the World Trade Center site, where a beautiful new memorial designed by Michael Arad and Peter Walker will open.
  30. rebuilding
    building again
    “Of course, the rebuilding of the site has not been easy – far from it.
  31. waterfront
    the area of a city (such as a harbor or dockyard) alongside a body of water
    “Pier 25 is a great example of Lower Manhattan’s re-birth – and the revitalization of our waterfront.
  32. entrepreneur
    someone who organizes a business venture and assumes the risk for it
    And because of people like Minas – and because of so many entrepreneurs and CEOs who believed in downtown’s future – there are now more businesses operating in Lower Manhattan than there were on September 10th, 2001: baby stores, grocery stores, wi
  33. performing arts
    arts or skills that require public performance
    There will be more parks and recreation, more housing and schools, more shops and transit, more world-class architecture, and more arts and culture – including, I hope, a beautiful new performing arts center at the new World Trade Center.
  34. no matter what happens
    in spite of all obstacles
    And no matter what happens – earthquake, hurricane, or any other disaster – we know how we will respond.
  35. diaper
    a fabric (usually cotton or linen) with a distinctive woven pattern of small repeated figures
    [SHORT VIDEO] “The diaper district.
  36. caterer
    someone who provides food and service (as for a party)
    We did it in time by volunteering – as rescue and recovery workers, social workers and medical professionals, as caterers and caregivers.
  37. condo
    one of the dwelling units in a condominium
    “For example, let’s head to the corner of Greenwich and Murray Street, where the City and the Lower Manhattan Development Corporation helped make possible a new residential tower with 77 affordable apartments and 220 market rate condos, as well as
  38. Hudson River
    a New York river; flows southward into New York Bay; explored by Henry Hudson early in the 17th century
    “So let’s take a look at a few of the parks Leigh was talking about, starting with Pier 25 on the Hudson River.
  39. police department
    the department of local government concerned with enforcing the law and preventing crime
    That includes the 343 members of the FDNY, 23 members of the NYPD, and the 37 members of the Port Authority Police Department.
  40. outgrow
    grow too large or too mature for
    It’s a place for entrepreneurs to get their ideas off the ground – and some of them have already outgrown the incubator and are now renting their own space.
  41. rooftop
    the top of a (usually flat) roof
    And if we keep walking, just before we get to the re-built Staten Island Ferry Terminal, we’ll see the Battery Maritime Building that we restored and re-opened – with a community space, hotel, and rooftop restaurant still to come.
  42. dumpling
    small balls or strips of boiled or steamed dough
    “As we walk north, we’ll pass the reconstructed Columbus Park in Chinatown, where Chinese immigrants continue to come to find opportunity, and where New Yorkers and tourists continue to come to find great soup dumplings and dim-sum.
  43. restructure
    construct or form anew or provide with a new structure
    Over the past 10 years, we’ve invested $165 million in restructuring streets, and $127 million to replace 20 miles of water mains – some of which were 100 years old.
  44. Department of Education
    the United States federal department that administers all federal programs dealing with education (including federal aid to educational institutions and students); created 1979
    The Department of Education opened Millennium High School in 2002 – with critical support from private donors.
  45. volleyball
    a game in which two teams hit an inflated ball over a high net using their hands
    Today, Pier 25 is a beautiful new addition to Hudson River Park, with beach volleyball courts, a kids’ soccer field, and a mini-golf course.
  46. derail
    run off or leave the rails
    The Port Authority’s refusal to allow the 2008 financial crisis to derail the rebuilding was crucial, and its Executive Director, Chris Ward, has done an absolutely outstanding job in managing the rebuilding and sticking to deadlines.
  47. congresswoman
    a member of the United States House of Representatives
    Together, along with the entire Congressional delegation, including Congresswoman Maloney, they delivered the critical support that we need.
  48. social worker
    someone employed to provide social services (especially to the disadvantaged)
    We did it in time by volunteering – as rescue and recovery workers, social workers and medical professionals, as caterers and caregivers.
  49. build in
    make something an integral part of something else
    At 76 stories, it is the tallest residential building in the Western Hemisphere – and having a school at its base makes it an even more powerful symbol of Lower Manhattan’s rebirth.
  50. lower
    look angry or sullen, wrinkle one's forehead, as if to signal disapproval
    Their spirit inspired all of us – and I believe we owe it to them to keep their spirit alive, not only in our own hearts, not only at the World Trade Center site, but on every street they walked here in Lower Manhattan.
  51. police commissioner
    a civil commissioner appointed to supervise the duties and discipline of the police
    Over the past decade, thanks to the leadership of Police Commissioner Ray Kelly, we have built the best counter-terrorism operation of any police force in the world, which has thwarted at least 13 potential terrorist attacks on our City.
  52. comeback
    a quick reply to a question or remark (especially a witty or critical one)
    But because people like Lew and his brother Jack never gave up, because community leaders in every borough banded together to revitalize their neighborhoods, and because Mayors Koch, Dinkins, and Giuliani – and Governors Carey, Cuomo, and Pataki – provide
  53. decade
    the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system
    “This morning, we gather just a few blocks from the World Trade Center site to reflect on the decade that has passed since that bright blue September sky turned dark and ashen, surrounding our city in grief.
  54. city council
    a municipal body that can pass ordinances and appropriate funds etc.
    [SHORT VIDEO] “Digital media start-ups are growing side-by-side with long-time downtown businesses like J&R. And later today, the City Council will hold a hearing on a zoning resolution that will allow a downtown icon, the Century 21 department sto
  55. resilience
    the physical property of a material that can return to its original shape or position after deformation that does not exceed its elastic limit
    It became a symbol of the resilience and resolve that has defined our city and country since its earliest days.
  56. site
    the piece of land on which something is located (or is to be located)
    “Sunday morning, we will remember each one of them in a ceremony at the World Trade Center site, where a beautiful new memorial designed by Michael Arad and Peter Walker will open.
  57. esplanade
    a long stretch of open level ground (paved or grassy) for walking beside the seashore
    If we head over to the East River, we can walk along the new East River Esplanade, which we just opened this summer.
  58. stun
    hit something or somebody as if with a sandbag
    “This week, the newest school is opening in the stunning new Frank Gehry building just east of City Hall.
  59. by the day
    one every day
    “Some of you may not know that Bill’s father Lew founded ABNY in the early 1970s, when New York City was struggling with problems that were growing worse by the day.
  60. pier
    a platform built out from the shore into the water and supported by piles; provides access to ships and boats
    “So let’s take a look at a few of the parks Leigh was talking about, starting with Pier 25 on the Hudson River.
  61. dumplings
    small balls or strips of boiled or steamed dough
    “As we walk north, we’ll pass the reconstructed Columbus Park in Chinatown, where Chinese immigrants continue to come to find opportunity, and where New Yorkers and tourists continue to come to find great soup dumplings and dim-sum.
  62. residential
    of or relating to or connected with residence
    “For example, let’s head to the corner of Greenwich and Murray Street, where the City and the Lower Manhattan Development Corporation helped make possible a new residential tower with 77 affordable apartments and 220 market rate condos, as well as
  63. playground
    an area where many people go for recreation
    “Since 9/11, we’ve invested more than $260 million in park construction and expansion – and you can see the results not only along the water but at small green islands like Titanic and Tribeca Parks, at popular attractions like Imagination Playground
  64. get started
    start to be active
    “So let’s get started – take a look at the TV.
  65. classroom
    a room in a school where lessons take place
    “With every new resident that moves downtown, with every new business and house of worship that opens its doors, with every new student that enters a classroom, we honor the spirit of those we lost that day, we honor the values that define our city
  66. take a look
    look at with attention
    “So let’s get started – take a look at the TV.
  67. millennium
    a span of 1000 years
    So let’s stop by two of our new public schools, starting with Millennium High School.
  68. restaurant
    a building where people go to eat
    “It’s impossible to talk about the new small businesses in Lower Manhattan though without talking about something we all depend on – all the new restaurants, pubs, and cafes.
  69. renting
    the act of paying for the use of something (as an apartment or house or car)
    It’s a place for entrepreneurs to get their ideas off the ground – and some of them have already outgrown the incubator and are now renting their own space.
  70. center
    an area that is approximately central within some larger region
    “Sunday morning, we will remember each one of them in a ceremony at the World Trade Center site, where a beautiful new memorial designed by Michael Arad and Peter Walker will open.
  71. congregate
    come together, usually for a purpose
    And we have kept faith in our civic values – remembering that here in Lower Manhattan, the City’s oldest neighborhood, where Jews and Catholics and others were once unable to congregate openly – we honor our nation’s founding ideals, and those who
  72. rebirth
    a second or new birth
    At 76 stories, it is the tallest residential building in the Western Hemisphere – and having a school at its base makes it an even more powerful symbol of Lower Manhattan’s rebirth.
  73. grocery store
    a marketplace where groceries are sold
    And because of people like Minas – and because of so many entrepreneurs and CEOs who believed in downtown’s future – there are now more businesses operating in Lower Manhattan than there were on September 10th, 2001: baby stores, grocery stores, wi
  74. be full
    be sated, have enough to eat
    “Lower Manhattan is full of new restaurants and bars because it is full of new residents.
  75. partisanship
    an inclination to favor one group or view or opinion over alternatives
    And let us remember that when we unite as Americans, and when we put patriotism ahead of partisanship, there is no challenge that this country can’t meet.
  76. terrorist
    a radical who employs terror as a political weapon; usually organizes with other terrorists in small cells; often uses religion as a cover for terrorist activities
    “The businesses and people who moved to Lower Manhattan did so knowing that the area would remain a terrorist target.
  77. Waugh
    English author of satirical novels (1903-1966)
    “The list could go on forever: Joe Daniels and all those who have supported the Memorial and Foundation; the Downtown Alliance, the members of Community Board 1, all the business leaders who committed to Lower Manhattan, especially Ken Chenault and Americ
  78. worker
    a person who works at a specific occupation
    We did it in time by volunteering – as rescue and recovery workers, social workers and medical professionals, as caterers and caregivers.
  79. tax credit
    a direct reduction in tax liability (not dependent on the taxpayer's tax bracket)
    “In the first couple of years after the attacks, federal tax credits were critical to convincing people to make the move downtown – but when those credits expired, the good news is people kept coming.
  80. filmmaker
    a producer of motion pictures
    It’s pumped hundreds of millions of dollars into our economy, and it’s put Lower Manhattan on the map as a community for filmmakers and artists of every kind.
  81. western hemisphere
    the hemisphere that includes North America and South America
    At 76 stories, it is the tallest residential building in the Western Hemisphere – and having a school at its base makes it an even more powerful symbol of Lower Manhattan’s rebirth.
  82. pave
    cover with a material such as stone or concrete to make suitable for vehicle traffic
    So let’s take a walk over to the oldest paved street in the City: Stone Street.
  83. move out
    move out of one's old house or office
    Residents would move out.
  84. cafe
    a small restaurant where drinks and snacks are sold
    “It’s impossible to talk about the new small businesses in Lower Manhattan though without talking about something we all depend on – all the new restaurants, pubs, and cafes.
  85. pub
    tavern consisting of a building with a bar and public rooms; often provides light meals
    “It’s impossible to talk about the new small businesses in Lower Manhattan though without talking about something we all depend on – all the new restaurants, pubs, and cafes.
  86. high water
    the tide when the water is highest
    “Over the next 10 years – come hell or high water – I fully expect that Lower Manhattan will continue to grow as a neighborhood, as a business district, as a creative community and as a destination for visitors.
  87. deteriorate
    become worse or disintegrate
    “As a matter of fact, that December, a New York Times columnist wrote, ‘There are ominous signs, as the economy has deteriorated and the police have been diverted to terror-related tasks, that the bad old days are coming back.’
  88. bright blue
    of a deep somewhat purplish blue color similar to that of a clear October sky
    “This morning, we gather just a few blocks from the World Trade Center site to reflect on the decade that has passed since that bright blue September sky turned dark and ashen, surrounding our city in grief.
  89. reconstructed
    adapted to social or economic change
    “As we walk north, we’ll pass the reconstructed Columbus Park in Chinatown, where Chinese immigrants continue to come to find opportunity, and where New Yorkers and tourists continue to come to find great soup dumplings and dim-sum.
  90. walk over
    beat easily
    So let’s take a walk over to the oldest paved street in the City: Stone Street.
  91. golf course
    course consisting of a large landscaped area for playing golf
    Today, Pier 25 is a beautiful new addition to Hudson River Park, with beach volleyball courts, a kids’ soccer field, and a mini-golf course.
  92. magnet
    (physics) a device that attracts iron and produces a magnetic field
    We built all of these parks because parks are magnets for people.
  93. 10th
    coming next after the ninth and just before the eleventh in position
    “This Sunday, on the 10th anniversary of the attacks on America, each of us will reflect on where we were, what we were doing, who we were with, and most of all, who we lost: husbands and wives, parents and children, friends and colleagues, people
  94. reconstruct
    build again
    “As we walk north, we’ll pass the reconstructed Columbus Park in Chinatown, where Chinese immigrants continue to come to find opportunity, and where New Yorkers and tourists continue to come to find great soup dumplings and dim-sum.
  95. ashen
    anemic looking from illness or emotion
    “This morning, we gather just a few blocks from the World Trade Center site to reflect on the decade that has passed since that bright blue September sky turned dark and ashen, surrounding our city in grief.
  96. resident
    someone who lives at a particular place for a prolonged period or who was born there
    Residents would move out.
  97. define
    show the form or outline of
    We understood that the hijackers did more than attack two buildings; they attacked the freedom that defines our city and country: The freedom to think and speak and worship and love as we wish.
  98. Staten Island
    a borough of New York City
    And if we keep walking, just before we get to the re-built Staten Island Ferry Terminal, we’ll see the Battery Maritime Building that we restored and re-opened – with a community space, hotel, and rooftop restaurant still to come.
  99. American Revolution
    the revolution of the American Colonies against Great Britain; 1775-1783
    But he had faith in the spirit of the American Revolution.
  100. invest
    make an investment
    “The transformation of Lower Manhattan has been an enormous team effort – with the City, State, and Federal governments working together, investing together, and forming partnerships with the private sector.
  101. skyline
    the line at which the sky and Earth appear to meet
    The skyline that we had built came crashing down around us.
  102. unite
    join or combine
    “In the wake of the attacks, New Yorkers united first in grief – and then in resolve.
  103. sexy
    marked by or tending to arouse sexual desire or interest
    It may not be sexy – or even visible – but it’s critically important to our future.
  104. film festival
    a cinematic festival that features films (usually films produced during the past year)
    “And we’ll now head over to an organization that, though less than ten years old, is already an international institution – the Tribeca Film Festival.
  105. banded
    marked with bands or strips of contrasting color or texture
    But because people like Lew and his brother Jack never gave up, because community leaders in every borough banded together to revitalize their neighborhoods, and because Mayors Koch, Dinkins, and Giuliani – and Governors Carey, Cuomo, and Pataki –
  106. credits
    a list of acknowledgements of those who contributed to the creation of a film (usually run at the end of the film)
    “In the first couple of years after the attacks, federal tax credits were critical to convincing people to make the move downtown – but when those credits expired, the good news is people kept coming.
  107. full of life
    full of spirit
    At the 9/11 funerals and memorial services I attended, I heard stories of people so full of life – full of love – full of laughter.
  108. partnership
    a cooperative relationship between people or groups who agree to share responsibility for achieving some specific goal
    “The transformation of Lower Manhattan has been an enormous team effort – with the City, State, and Federal governments working together, investing together, and forming partnerships with the private sector.
  109. department store
    a large retail store organized into departments offering a variety of merchandise; commonly part of a retail chain
    [SHORT VIDEO] “Digital media start-ups are growing side-by-side with long-time downtown businesses like J&R. And later today, the City Council will hold a hearing on a zoning resolution that will allow a downtown icon, the Century 21 department store
  110. trade
    the commercial exchange (buying and selling on domestic or international markets) of goods and services
    “Sunday morning, we will remember each one of them in a ceremony at the World Trade Center site, where a beautiful new memorial designed by Michael Arad and Peter Walker will open.
  111. icon
    a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface
    [SHORT VIDEO] “Digital media start-ups are growing side-by-side with long-time downtown businesses like J&R. And later today, the City Council will hold a hearing on a zoning resolution that will allow a downtown icon, the Century 21 department sto
  112. new
    not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered
    “Some of you may not know that Bill’s father Lew founded ABNY in the early 1970s, when New York City was struggling with problems that were growing worse by the day.
  113. city
    a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts
    “Some of you may not know that Bill’s father Lew founded ABNY in the early 1970s, when New York City was struggling with problems that were growing worse by the day.
  114. infrastructure
    the basic structure or features of a system or organization
    We believed that if we could create new housing, new schools, new parks, and new infrastructure, we could attract new residents and new businesses.
  115. Leigh
    English film actress (1913-1967)
    Thank you, Leigh.
  116. President Bush
    43rd President of the United States; son of George Herbert Walker Bush (born in 1946)
    “There are far too many people to thank for the progress we’ve made at the site and across Lower Manhattan, including all our City agencies and Deputy Mayors, but a few more must be mentioned: President Bush, Senators Schumer and Clinton, and Congr
  117. include
    have as a part, be made up out of
    Stone Street owes its success to many people – including Mayor Giuliani and the Downtown Alliance, who put in those cobblestones.
  118. Speaker
    the presiding officer of a deliberative assembly
    Our comeback would not have been possible without the leadership of Governor Pataki, Mayor Giuliani, Speaker Silver, and all our partners in Albany and in the City Council, including Speaker Christine Quinn.
  119. affordable
    that you have the financial means for
    “For example, let’s head to the corner of Greenwich and Murray Street, where the City and the Lower Manhattan Development Corporation helped make possible a new residential tower with 77 affordable apartments and 220 market rate condos, as well as
  120. owe
    be obliged to pay or repay
    “But as important as the memorial is, and I believe it could not be more important, we owe the victims much more than ceremonies and symbolism.
  121. attack
    (military) an offensive against an enemy (using weapons)
    “This Sunday, on the 10th anniversary of the attacks on America, each of us will reflect on where we were, what we were doing, who we were with, and most of all, who we lost: husbands and wives, parents and children, friends and colleagues, people
  122. unharmed
    not injured
    St. Paul’s somehow or other escaped the terrorist attacks unharmed.
  123. police force
    the force of policemen and officers
    Over the past decade, thanks to the leadership of Police Commissioner Ray Kelly, we have built the best counter-terrorism operation of any police force in the world, which has thwarted at least 13 potential terrorist attacks on our City.
  124. thank
    express gratitude or show appreciation to
    “Good morning, and Bill, thank you for that kind introduction.
  125. vibrant
    vigorous and animated
    “Our goal was to turn a financial district that became a ghost town after 6 PM into a vibrant and dynamic 24/7 community.
  126. interactive
    capable of acting on or influencing each other
    “Since 9/11, we’ve invested more than $260 million in park construction and expansion – and you can see the results not only along the water but at small green islands like Titanic and Tribeca Parks, at popular attractions like Imagination Playground, an
  127. pastry
    any of various baked foods made of dough or batter
    “In 2002, Peter and his partners opened a coffee shop and a pastry shop on Stone Street, followed by an Irish pub the next year.
  128. guy
    an informal term for a youth or man
    But the person who deserves a lot of the credit is a guy who grew up working in his father Harry’s restaurant here in Lower Manhattan: Peter Poulakakos.
  129. titanic
    of great force or power
    “Since 9/11, we’ve invested more than $260 million in park construction and expansion – and you can see the results not only along the water but at small green islands like Titanic and Tribeca Parks, at popular attractions like Imagination Playgrou
  130. devastation
    the state of being decayed or destroyed
    “We will never forget the devastation of the area that came to be known as ‘Ground Zero.’
  131. city hall
    a building that houses administrative offices of a municipal government
    “This week, the newest school is opening in the stunning new Frank Gehry building just east of City Hall.
  132. New York City
    the largest city in New York State and in the United States; located in southeastern New York at the mouth of the Hudson river; a major financial and cultural center
    “Some of you may not know that Bill’s father Lew founded ABNY in the early 1970s, when New York City was struggling with problems that were growing worse by the day.
  133. leadership
    the status of a leader
    But because people like Lew and his brother Jack never gave up, because community leaders in every borough banded together to revitalize their neighborhoods, and because Mayors Koch, Dinkins, and Giuliani – and Governors Carey, Cuomo, and Pataki – provide
  134. graduation
    the successful completion of a program of study
    Today, it is one of the highest-performing high schools in the City, with A’s on its progress reports and a graduation rate of 99 percent.
  135. mayor
    the head of a city government
    But because people like Lew and his brother Jack never gave up, because community leaders in every borough banded together to revitalize their neighborhoods, and because Mayors Koch, Dinkins, and Giuliani – and Governors Carey, Cuomo, and Pataki –
  136. renewing
    tending to impart new life and vigor to
    Let us remember not only the day that time stood still – but the decade we have spent recovering, rebuilding, and renewing.
  137. pumped
    tense with excitement and enthusiasm as from a rush of adrenaline
    It’s pumped hundreds of millions of dollars into our economy, and it’s put Lower Manhattan on the map as a community for filmmakers and artists of every kind.
  138. crucial
    of extreme importance; vital to the resolution of a crisis
    That infrastructure is crucial to attracting private sector investment.
  139. neighborhood
    an area within a city or town that has some distinctive features (especially one forming a community)
    But because people like Lew and his brother Jack never gave up, because community leaders in every borough banded together to revitalize their neighborhoods, and because Mayors Koch, Dinkins, and Giuliani – and Governors Carey, Cuomo, and Pataki –
  140. housing
    structures collectively in which people are housed
    We believed that if we could create new housing, new schools, new parks, and new infrastructure, we could attract new residents and new businesses.
  141. stand still
    remain in place; hold still; remain fixed or immobile
    Let us remember not only the day that time stood still – but the decade we have spent recovering, rebuilding, and renewing.
  142. ferry
    a boat that transports people or vehicles across a body of water and operates on a regular schedule
    And if we keep walking, just before we get to the re-built Staten Island Ferry Terminal, we’ll see the Battery Maritime Building that we restored and re-opened – with a community space, hotel, and rooftop restaurant still to come.
  143. symbolism
    the practice of investing things with symbolic meaning
    “But as important as the memorial is, and I believe it could not be more important, we owe the victims much more than ceremonies and symbolism.
  144. values
    beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something)
    And we understood that we could not expect our men and women in uniform abroad to defend those values alone.
  145. donation
    a voluntary gift (as of money or service or ideas) made to some worthwhile cause
    Each of us did that in a million little ways – in the flags we waved and the blood we gave and the donations we made.
  146. survivor
    one who lives through affliction
    He is a 9/11 survivor in every sense of the word.
  147. high school
    a public secondary school usually including grades 9 through 12
    So let’s stop by two of our new public schools, starting with Millennium High School.
  148. donor
    person who makes a gift of property
    The Department of Education opened Millennium High School in 2002 – with critical support from private donors.
  149. thwart
    hinder or prevent (the efforts, plans, or desires) of
    Over the past decade, thanks to the leadership of Police Commissioner Ray Kelly, we have built the best counter-terrorism operation of any police force in the world, which has thwarted at least 13 potential terrorist attacks on our City.
  150. put aside
    turn away from and put aside, perhaps temporarily
    These heroes put aside concerns about their own health, and we must never forget that, we must never forget them, and we must always be there for them when they need us.
  151. inspire
    serve as the inciting cause of
    Their spirit inspired all of us – and I believe we owe it to them to keep their spirit alive, not only in our own hearts, not only at the World Trade Center site, but on every street they walked here in Lower Manhattan.
  152. expire
    lose validity
    “In the first couple of years after the attacks, federal tax credits were critical to convincing people to make the move downtown – but when those credits expired, the good news is people kept coming.
  153. create
    bring into existence
    We believed that if we could create new housing, new schools, new parks, and new infrastructure, we could attract new residents and new businesses.
  154. public school
    a tuition free school in the United States supported by taxes and controlled by a school board
    So let’s stop by two of our new public schools, starting with Millennium High School.
  155. inauguration
    the ceremonial induction into a position
    “On April 30th, 1789, when George Washington walked from Federal Hall to St. Paul’s Chapel on the day of his inauguration as President of the United States, he did not know what lay ahead for our land.
  156. United States of America
    North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776
    We understood that without those freedoms there was no New York City, no United States of America, no democratic society anywhere – only tyranny and terror.
  157. reflect
    to throw or bend back (from a surface)
    “This Sunday, on the 10th anniversary of the attacks on America, each of us will reflect on where we were, what we were doing, who we were with, and most of all, who we lost: husbands and wives, parents and children, friends and colleagues, people
  158. fanaticism
    excessive intolerance of opposing views
    And fanaticism could not destroy our freedom.
  159. Bath
    a town in southwestern England on the River Avon; famous for its hot springs and Roman remains
    “For example, let’s head to the corner of Greenwich and Murray Street, where the City and the Lower Manhattan Development Corporation helped make possible a new residential tower with 77 affordable apartments and 220 market rate condos, as well as a new W
  160. coming back
    the occurrence of a change in direction back in the opposite direction
    “As a matter of fact, that December, a New York Times columnist wrote, ‘There are ominous signs, as the economy has deteriorated and the police have been diverted to terror-related tasks, that the bad old days are coming back.’
  161. hank
    a coil of rope or wool or yarn
    “The list could go on forever: Joe Daniels and all those who have supported the Memorial and Foundation; the Downtown Alliance, the members of Community Board 1, all the business leaders who committed to Lower Manhattan, especially Ken Chenault and Americ
  162. thwarted
    disappointingly unsuccessful
    Over the past decade, thanks to the leadership of Police Commissioner Ray Kelly, we have built the best counter-terrorism operation of any police force in the world, which has thwarted at least 13 potential terrorist attacks on our City.
  163. debris
    the remains of something that has been destroyed or broken up
    Ten years ago, debris from the World Trade Center site was put on a barged and shipped out of the City from Pier 25.
  164. expand
    extend in one or more directions
    [SHORT VIDEO] “Digital media start-ups are growing side-by-side with long-time downtown businesses like J&R. And later today, the City Council will hold a hearing on a zoning resolution that will allow a downtown icon, the Century 21 department store, to
  165. anniversary
    the date on which an event occurred in some previous year (or the celebration of it)
    “This Sunday, on the 10th anniversary of the attacks on America, each of us will reflect on where we were, what we were doing, who we were with, and most of all, who we lost: husbands and wives, parents and children, friends and colleagues, people
  166. immigrant
    a person who comes to a country where they were not born in order to settle there
    “As we walk north, we’ll pass the reconstructed Columbus Park in Chinatown, where Chinese immigrants continue to come to find opportunity, and where New Yorkers and tourists continue to come to find great soup dumplings and dim-sum.
  167. walk
    use one's feet to advance; advance by steps
    Their spirit inspired all of us – and I believe we owe it to them to keep their spirit alive, not only in our own hearts, not only at the World Trade Center site, but on every street they walked here in Lower Manhattan.
  168. run through
    use up (resources or materials)
    This is the most complex construction site in the world, with two railroads running through it.
  169. street
    a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings
    Their spirit inspired all of us – and I believe we owe it to them to keep their spirit alive, not only in our own hearts, not only at the World Trade Center site, but on every street they walked here in Lower Manhattan.
  170. community
    a group of people living in a particular local area
    But because people like Lew and his brother Jack never gave up, because community leaders in every borough banded together to revitalize their neighborhoods, and because Mayors Koch, Dinkins, and Giuliani – and Governors Carey, Cuomo, and Pataki –
  171. store
    a mercantile establishment for the retail sale of goods or services
    And because of people like Minas – and because of so many entrepreneurs and CEOs who believed in downtown’s future – there are now more businesses operating in Lower Manhattan than there were on September 10th, 2001: baby stores, grocery stores, wi
  172. Park
    Scottish explorer in Africa (1771-1806)
    Today, Pier 25 is a beautiful new addition to Hudson River Park, with beach volleyball courts, a kids’ soccer field, and a mini-golf course.
  173. solidarity
    a union of interests or purposes or sympathies among members of a group
    We did it in the way we treated each other – with a new-found sense of solidarity.
  174. today
    on this day as distinct from yesterday or tomorrow
    [SHORT VIDEO] “Digital media start-ups are growing side-by-side with long-time downtown businesses like J&R. And later today, the City Council will hold a hearing on a zoning resolution that will allow a downtown icon, the Century 21 department sto
  175. architect
    someone who creates plans to be used in making something (such as buildings)
    “Since 9/11, we’ve invested more than $260 million in park construction and expansion – and you can see the results not only along the water but at small green islands like Titanic and Tribeca Parks, at popular attractions like Imagination Playground, an
  176. sharper
    a professional card player who makes a living by cheating at card games
    “As we look back on the past decade, and as the picture of what has happened here comes into sharper focus, I believe the re-birth and revitalization of Lower Manhattan will be remembered as one of the greatest comeback stories in American history.
  177. executive director
    a person responsible for the administration of a business
    The Port Authority’s refusal to allow the 2008 financial crisis to derail the rebuilding was crucial, and its Executive Director, Chris Ward, has done an absolutely outstanding job in managing the rebuilding and sticking to deadlines.
  178. columnist
    a journalist who writes editorials
    “As a matter of fact, that December, a New York Times columnist wrote, ‘There are ominous signs, as the economy has deteriorated and the police have been diverted to terror-related tasks, that the bad old days are coming back.’
  179. hive
    a structure that provides a natural habitation for bees; as in a hollow tree
    In 2009, we created a small business incubator in partnership with ABNY – called the Hive at 55 Broad Street.
  180. performing
    the performance of a part or role in a drama
    Today, it is one of the highest-performing high schools in the City, with A’s on its progress reports and a graduation rate of 99 percent.
  181. west side
    the side that is on the west
    But it re-opened less than six months after the attack, and today, it is not only surviving, it’s not only expanding, it is even opening a new store on the Upper West Side.
  182. George Washington
    1st President of the United States; commander-in-chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolution (1732-1799)
    “On April 30th, 1789, when George Washington walked from Federal Hall to St. Paul’s Chapel on the day of his inauguration as President of the United States, he did not know what lay ahead for our land.
  183. honor
    a tangible symbol signifying approval or distinction
    “With every new resident that moves downtown, with every new business and house of worship that opens its doors, with every new student that enters a classroom, we honor the spirit of those we lost that day, we honor the values that define our city
  184. democratic
    characterized by or advocating or based upon the principles of democracy or social equality
    We understood that without those freedoms there was no New York City, no United States of America, no democratic society anywhere – only tyranny and terror.
  185. grocery
    (usually plural) consumer goods sold by a grocer
    And because of people like Minas – and because of so many entrepreneurs and CEOs who believed in downtown’s future – there are now more businesses operating in Lower Manhattan than there were on September 10th, 2001: baby stores, grocery stores, wi
  186. critically
    in a critical manner
    It may not be sexy – or even visible – but it’s critically important to our future.
  187. tolerance
    willingness to recognize and respect the beliefs or practices of others
    “We had to show the world that – in everyday lives – terror could not diminish our tolerance.
  188. the City
    the part of London situated within the ancient boundaries; the commercial and financial center of London
    And the city would go to seed.
  189. stunning
    causing or capable of causing bewilderment or shock or insensibility
    “This week, the newest school is opening in the stunning new Frank Gehry building just east of City Hall.
  190. dynamic
    an efficient incentive
    “Our goal was to turn a financial district that became a ghost town after 6 PM into a vibrant and dynamic 24/7 community.
  191. locate
    discover the location of; determine the place of; find by searching or examining
    Century 21 is located directly across the street from the World Trade Center site – and 10 years ago, many wondered whether it could survive.
  192. acre
    a unit of area (4840 square yards) used in English-speaking countries
    But the time has come to call those 16 acres what they are: The World Trade Center and the National September 11th Memorial and Museum.
  193. shop
    a mercantile establishment for the retail sale of goods or services
    Let’s begin by making a right on Wall Street and walking a few doors down to a little shop called Minas Shoe Repair.
  194. tour
    a journey or route all the way around a particular place or area
    “So this morning, I’d like to ask you to join me on a virtual walking tour of an area that, over the past decade, has become a real neighborhood – just as we had hoped when our Administration laid out a new vision for Lower Manhattan in 2002 as Bil
  195. happen
    come to pass
    In 2006, when I became chair of the Memorial foundation, we committed to opening the memorial on the 10th anniversary – and thanks to so many people who worked hard to make it happen, we’re delivering on that commitment.
  196. build
    make by combining materials and parts
    We understood that the hijackers did more than attack two buildings; they attacked the freedom that defines our city and country: The freedom to think and speak and worship and love as we wish.
  197. 1970s
    the decade from 1970 to 1979
    “Some of you may not know that Bill’s father Lew founded ABNY in the early 1970s, when New York City was struggling with problems that were growing worse by the day.
  198. determine
    find out, learn, or determine with certainty, usually by making an inquiry or other effort
    But because people like Lew and his brother Jack never gave up, because community leaders in every borough banded together to revitalize their neighborhoods, and because Mayors Koch, Dinkins, and Giuliani – and Governors Carey, Cuomo, and Pataki – provide
  199. deadline
    the point in time at which something must be completed
    The Port Authority’s refusal to allow the 2008 financial crisis to derail the rebuilding was crucial, and its Executive Director, Chris Ward, has done an absolutely outstanding job in managing the rebuilding and sticking to deadlines.
  200. President of the United States
    the person who holds the office of head of state of the United States government
    “On April 30th, 1789, when George Washington walked from Federal Hall to St. Paul’s Chapel on the day of his inauguration as President of the United States, he did not know what lay ahead for our land.
  201. borough
    an English town that forms the constituency of a member of parliament
    But because people like Lew and his brother Jack never gave up, because community leaders in every borough banded together to revitalize their neighborhoods, and because Mayors Koch, Dinkins, and Giuliani – and Governors Carey, Cuomo, and Pataki –
  202. bike
    a wheeled vehicle that has two wheels and is moved by foot pedals
    You can picnic, ride a bike, tour the forts, see public art, and hear live music.
  203. suburb
    a residential district located on the outskirts of a city
    Businesses would flee to the suburbs.
  204. survive
    continue in existence after (an adversity, etc.)
    Century 21 is located directly across the street from the World Trade Center site – and 10 years ago, many wondered whether it could survive.
  205. thanks
    an acknowledgment of appreciation
    In 2006, when I became chair of the Memorial foundation, we committed to opening the memorial on the 10th anniversary – and thanks to so many people who worked hard to make it happen, we’re delivering on that commitment.
  206. be on
    appear in a show, on T.V. or radio
    And because of people like Minas – and because of so many entrepreneurs and CEOs who believed in downtown’s future – there are now more businesses operating in Lower Manhattan than there were on September 10th, 2001: baby stores, grocery stores, wi
  207. barge
    a flatbottom boat for carrying heavy loads (especially on canals)
    Ten years ago, debris from the World Trade Center site was put on a barged and shipped out of the City from Pier 25.
  208. hop
    jump lightly
    From there, we can hop a ferry to Governors Island and enjoy one of the most beautiful and historic waterfront parks in the world.
  209. corporation
    a business firm whose articles of incorporation have been approved in some state
    “For example, let’s head to the corner of Greenwich and Murray Street, where the City and the Lower Manhattan Development Corporation helped make possible a new residential tower with 77 affordable apartments and 220 market rate condos, as well as
  210. recovery
    return to an original state
    We did it in time by volunteering – as rescue and recovery workers, social workers and medical professionals, as caterers and caregivers.
  211. open
    affording free passage or access
    “Sunday morning, we will remember each one of them in a ceremony at the World Trade Center site, where a beautiful new memorial designed by Michael Arad and Peter Walker will open.
  212. talk about
    to consider or examine in speech or writing
    “It’s impossible to talk about the new small businesses in Lower Manhattan though without talking about something we all depend on – all the new restaurants, pubs, and cafes.
  213. Seth
    (Old Testament) third son of Adam and Eve; given by God in place of the murdered Abel
    “The list could go on forever: Joe Daniels and all those who have supported the Memorial and Foundation; the Downtown Alliance, the members of Community Board 1, all the business leaders who committed to Lower Manhattan, especially Ken Chenault and Americ
  214. furnishing
    (usually plural) the instrumentalities (furniture and appliances and other movable accessories including curtains and rugs) that make a home (or other area) livable
    And because of people like Minas – and because of so many entrepreneurs and CEOs who believed in downtown’s future – there are now more businesses operating in Lower Manhattan than there were on September 10th, 2001: baby stores, grocery stores, wine stor
  215. first-rate
    of the highest quality
    “But for Lower Manhattan to become a magnet for families, we also needed to create more first-rate schools.
  216. nationwide
    occurring or extending throughout a country or nation
    But because people like Lew and his brother Jack never gave up, because community leaders in every borough banded together to revitalize their neighborhoods, and because Mayors Koch, Dinkins, and Giuliani – and Governors Carey, Cuomo, and Pataki – provide
  217. Greenwich
    a borough of Greater London on the Thames; zero degrees of longitude runs through Greenwich; time is measured relative to Greenwich Mean Time
    “For example, let’s head to the corner of Greenwich and Murray Street, where the City and the Lower Manhattan Development Corporation helped make possible a new residential tower with 77 affordable apartments and 220 market rate condos, as well as
  218. let
    actively cause something to happen
    “So let’s get started – take a look at the TV.
  219. freedom
    the condition of being free; the power to act or speak or think without externally imposed restraints
    We understood that the hijackers did more than attack two buildings; they attacked the freedom that defines our city and country: The freedom to think and speak and worship and love as we wish.
  220. lose
    fail to keep or to maintain; cease to have, either physically or in an abstract sense
    “This Sunday, on the 10th anniversary of the attacks on America, each of us will reflect on where we were, what we were doing, who we were with, and most of all, who we lost: husbands and wives, parents and children, friends and colleagues, people
  221. terminal
    occurring at or forming an end or termination
    And if we keep walking, just before we get to the re-built Staten Island Ferry Terminal, we’ll see the Battery Maritime Building that we restored and re-opened – with a community space, hotel, and rooftop restaurant still to come.
  222. Hudson
    a New York river; flows southward into New York Bay; explored by Henry Hudson early in the 17th century
    “So let’s take a look at a few of the parks Leigh was talking about, starting with Pier 25 on the Hudson River.
  223. attract
    exert a force on (a body) causing it to approach or prevent it from moving away
    We believed that if we could create new housing, new schools, new parks, and new infrastructure, we could attract new residents and new businesses.
  224. partner
    a person who is a member of a partnership
    “In 2002, Peter and his partners opened a coffee shop and a pastry shop on Stone Street, followed by an Irish pub the next year.
  225. walking
    the act of traveling by foot
    “So this morning, I’d like to ask you to join me on a virtual walking tour of an area that, over the past decade, has become a real neighborhood – just as we had hoped when our Administration laid out a new vision for Lower Manhattan in 2002 as Bil
  226. divert
    turn aside; turn away from
    “As a matter of fact, that December, a New York Times columnist wrote, ‘There are ominous signs, as the economy has deteriorated and the police have been diverted to terror-related tasks, that the bad old days are coming back.’
  227. September
    the month following August and preceding October
    “And yet – in one September morning 10 years ago this coming Sunday, that story was suddenly, utterly and terribly changed.
  228. resolve
    find the solution
    “In the wake of the attacks, New Yorkers united first in grief – and then in resolve.
  229. volunteer
    a person who performs voluntary work
    We did it in time by volunteering – as rescue and recovery workers, social workers and medical professionals, as caterers and caregivers.
  230. hemisphere
    half of a sphere
    At 76 stories, it is the tallest residential building in the Western Hemisphere – and having a school at its base makes it an even more powerful symbol of Lower Manhattan’s rebirth.
  231. picnic
    any informal meal eaten outside or on an excursion
    You can picnic, ride a bike, tour the forts, see public art, and hear live music.
  232. Pentagon
    a government building with five sides that serves as the headquarters of the United States Department of Defense
    “And we see a profoundly inspiring memorial that honors every person killed at the World Trade Center bombing in 1993, and every person killed on 9/11 – in New York, at the Pentagon, and near Shanksville.
  233. Normandy
    a former province of northwestern France on the English channel; divided into Haute-Normandie and Basse-Normandie
    John Whitehead was there for our country on the beaches of Normandy, and there for us again on the shores of Lower Manhattan.
  234. crashing
    informal intensifiers
    The skyline that we had built came crashing down around us.
  235. Constitution
    the constitution written at the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia in 1787 and subsequently ratified by the original thirteen states
    “With every new resident that moves downtown, with every new business and house of worship that opens its doors, with every new student that enters a classroom, we honor the spirit of those we lost that day, we honor the values that define our city, and w
  236. founding
    the act of starting something for the first time; introducing something new
    And we have kept faith in our civic values – remembering that here in Lower Manhattan, the City’s oldest neighborhood, where Jews and Catholics and others were once unable to congregate openly – we honor our nation’s founding ideals, and those who
  237. Walker
    New Zealand runner who in 1975 became the first person to run a mile in less that 3 minutes and 50 seconds (born in 1952)
    “Sunday morning, we will remember each one of them in a ceremony at the World Trade Center site, where a beautiful new memorial designed by Michael Arad and Peter Walker will open.
  238. diverted
    pleasantly occupied
    “As a matter of fact, that December, a New York Times columnist wrote, ‘There are ominous signs, as the economy has deteriorated and the police have been diverted to terror-related tasks, that the bad old days are coming back.’
  239. spectacular
    sensational in appearance or thrilling in effect
    Now I have to tell you, nothing makes me prouder as Mayor of this great City to know that we are accomplishing that in spectacular fashion.
  240. casually
    in an unconcerned manner
    “This Sunday, on the 10th anniversary of the attacks on America, each of us will reflect on where we were, what we were doing, who we were with, and most of all, who we lost: husbands and wives, parents and children, friends and colleagues, people we love
  241. keep in
    cause to stay indoors
    “Now, let’s keep walking, and as we do, keep in mind that much of what is new in Lower Manhattan is actually beneath your feet.
  242. year
    the period of time that it takes for a planet (as, e.g., Earth or Mars) to make a complete revolution around the sun
    “And yet – in one September morning 10 years ago this coming Sunday, that story was suddenly, utterly and terribly changed.
  243. delegation
    a group of representatives or delegates
    Together, along with the entire Congressional delegation, including Congresswoman Maloney, they delivered the critical support that we need.
  244. symbol
    something visible that by association or convention represents something else that is invisible
    At 76 stories, it is the tallest residential building in the Western Hemisphere – and having a school at its base makes it an even more powerful symbol of Lower Manhattan’s rebirth.
  245. good morning
    a conventional expression of greeting or farewell
    Good morning, and Bill, thank you for that kind introduction.
  246. thank you
    a conversational expression of gratitude
    “Good morning, and Bill, thank you for that kind introduction.
  247. investment
    the act of investing; laying out money or capital in an enterprise with the expectation of profit
    And with the biggest cuts in crime, the biggest growth in population, and the biggest investments in commercial development have all happened right here in Lower Manhattan.
  248. diminish
    decrease in size, extent, or range
    “We had to show the world that – in everyday lives – terror could not diminish our tolerance.
  249. surviving
    still in existence
    But it re-opened less than six months after the attack, and today, it is not only surviving, it’s not only expanding, it is even opening a new store on the Upper West Side.
  250. prosper
    make steady progress; be at the high point in one's career or reach a high point in historical significance or importance
    We had to design a memorial that would stand the test of time – and design the space that our city would need to grow and prosper.
  251. accomplish
    to gain with effort
    Now I have to tell you, nothing makes me prouder as Mayor of this great City to know that we are accomplishing that in spectacular fashion.
  252. past
    earlier than the present time; no longer current
    Over the past decade, New York City has come roaring back, faster and stronger than anyone thought possible.
  253. critical
    of or involving or characteristic of critics or criticism
    “In the first couple of years after the attacks, federal tax credits were critical to convincing people to make the move downtown – but when those credits expired, the good news is people kept coming.
  254. congressman
    a member of the United States House of Representatives
    “There are far too many people to thank for the progress we’ve made at the site and across Lower Manhattan, including all our City agencies and Deputy Mayors, but a few more must be mentioned: President Bush, Senators Schumer and Clinton, and Congressm
  255. faith
    complete confidence in a person or plan etc
    And I believe it will stand as our greatest moment to those we lost on 9/11 and to our unshakeable faith in the moral imperative of protecting and preserving a free, open, democratic society.
  256. commit
    engage in or perform
    In 2006, when I became chair of the Memorial foundation, we committed to opening the memorial on the 10th anniversary – and thanks to so many people who worked hard to make it happen, we’re delivering on that commitment.
  257. recreation
    an activity that diverts or amuses or stimulates
    There will be more parks and recreation, more housing and schools, more shops and transit, more world-class architecture, and more arts and culture – including, I hope, a beautiful new performing arts center at the new World Trade Center.
  258. inspiring
    stimulating or exalting to the spirit
    “And we see a profoundly inspiring memorial that honors every person killed at the World Trade Center bombing in 1993, and every person killed on 9/11 – in New York, at the Pentagon, and near Shanksville.
  259. Wall Street
    a street in lower Manhattan where the New York Stock Exchange is located; symbol of American finance
    Let’s begin by making a right on Wall Street and walking a few doors down to a little shop called Minas Shoe Repair.
  260. ultimate
    furthest or highest in degree or order; utmost or extreme
    That – that is the ultimate lesson of our past decade.
  261. bombing
    an attack by dropping bombs
    “And we see a profoundly inspiring memorial that honors every person killed at the World Trade Center bombing in 1993, and every person killed on 9/11 – in New York, at the Pentagon, and near Shanksville.
  262. outdoor
    pertaining to or concerning the outdoors or outdoor activities
    Today, it is one of the liveliest outdoor dining scenes in the city – with more than 10 new restaurants, bars and cafes, employing nearly 500 people.
  263. continue
    keep or maintain in unaltered condition; cause to remain or last
    “As we walk north, we’ll pass the reconstructed Columbus Park in Chinatown, where Chinese immigrants continue to come to find opportunity, and where New Yorkers and tourists continue to come to find great soup dumplings and dim-sum.
  264. terrorism
    the calculated use of violence (or the threat of violence) against civilians in order to attain goals that are political or religious or ideological in nature; this is done through intimidation or coercion or instilling fear
    Over the past decade, thanks to the leadership of Police Commissioner Ray Kelly, we have built the best counter-terrorism operation of any police force in the world, which has thwarted at least 13 potential terrorist attacks on our City.
  265. grow up
    become an adult
    But the person who deserves a lot of the credit is a guy who grew up working in his father Harry’s restaurant here in Lower Manhattan: Peter Poulakakos.
  266. sector
    a particular aspect of life or activity
    “The transformation of Lower Manhattan has been an enormous team effort – with the City, State, and Federal governments working together, investing together, and forming partnerships with the private sector.
  267. right on
    an interjection expressing agreement
    Let’s begin by making a right on Wall Street and walking a few doors down to a little shop called Minas Shoe Repair.
  268. tourist
    someone who travels for pleasure
    “As we walk north, we’ll pass the reconstructed Columbus Park in Chinatown, where Chinese immigrants continue to come to find opportunity, and where New Yorkers and tourists continue to come to find great soup dumplings and dim-sum.
  269. everyday
    commonplace and ordinary
    “We had to show the world that – in everyday lives – terror could not diminish our tolerance.
  270. civic
    of or relating or belonging to a city
    And we have kept faith in our civic values – remembering that here in Lower Manhattan, the City’s oldest neighborhood, where Jews and Catholics and others were once unable to congregate openly – we honor our nation’s founding ideals, and those who
  271. virtual
    being actually such in almost every respect
    “So this morning, I’d like to ask you to join me on a virtual walking tour of an area that, over the past decade, has become a real neighborhood – just as we had hoped when our Administration laid out a new vision for Lower Manhattan in 2002 as Bil
  272. start
    take the first step or steps in carrying out an action
    “So let’s get started – take a look at the TV.
  273. grow
    increase in size by natural process
    “Some of you may not know that Bill’s father Lew founded ABNY in the early 1970s, when New York City was struggling with problems that were growing worse by the day.
  274. surround
    extend on all sides of simultaneously; encircle
    “This morning, we gather just a few blocks from the World Trade Center site to reflect on the decade that has passed since that bright blue September sky turned dark and ashen, surrounding our city in grief.
  275. school
    an educational institution
    We believed that if we could create new housing, new schools, new parks, and new infrastructure, we could attract new residents and new businesses.
  276. transit
    a journey usually by ship
    There will be more parks and recreation, more housing and schools, more shops and transit, more world-class architecture, and more arts and culture – including, I hope, a beautiful new performing arts center at the new World Trade Center.
  277. space
    the unlimited expanse in which everything is located
    Minas never gave up on Lower Manhattan, and in 2003, he found new space here on Wall Street.
  278. toil
    work hard
    Ten years ago this Sunday, this became the scene of the biggest rescue and recovery effort in American history – and thanks to thousands of people who toiled at the site day and night for months on end, the site was cleared sooner than anyone had b
  279. Ward
    United States businessman who in 1872 established a successful mail-order business (1843-1913)
    The Port Authority’s refusal to allow the 2008 financial crisis to derail the rebuilding was crucial, and its Executive Director, Chris Ward, has done an absolutely outstanding job in managing the rebuilding and sticking to deadlines.
  280. imperative
    requiring attention or action
    And I believe it will stand as our greatest moment to those we lost on 9/11 and to our unshakeable faith in the moral imperative of protecting and preserving a free, open, democratic society.
  281. live in
    live in the house where one works
    Over the past 10 years, the number of people living in Lower Manhattan has nearly doubled.
  282. bars
    gymnastic apparatus consisting of two parallel wooden rods supported on uprights
    Today, it is one of the liveliest outdoor dining scenes in the city – with more than 10 new restaurants, bars and cafes, employing nearly 500 people.
  283. expired
    having come to an end or become void after passage of a period of time
    “In the first couple of years after the attacks, federal tax credits were critical to convincing people to make the move downtown – but when those credits expired, the good news is people kept coming.
  284. world
    the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on
    “Sunday morning, we will remember each one of them in a ceremony at the World Trade Center site, where a beautiful new memorial designed by Michael Arad and Peter Walker will open.
  285. built
    (used of soaps or cleaning agents) having a substance (an abrasive or filler) added to increase effectiveness
    The skyline that we had built came crashing down around us.
  286. 30th
    coming next after the twenty-ninth in position
    “On April 30th, 1789, when George Washington walked from Federal Hall to St. Paul’s Chapel on the day of his inauguration as President of the United States, he did not know what lay ahead for our land.
  287. Frank
    a member of the ancient Germanic peoples who spread from the Rhine into the Roman Empire in the 4th century
    “This week, the newest school is opening in the stunning new Frank Gehry building just east of City Hall.
  288. deserve
    be worthy or deserving
    But the person who deserves a lot of the credit is a guy who grew up working in his father Harry’s restaurant here in Lower Manhattan: Peter Poulakakos.
  289. Gary
    a city in northwest Indiana on Lake Michigan; steel production
    We also owe a special thanks to our partners in labor, especially Gary LaBarbera and the construction and trade workers who are on the site as we speak – and have been there for 10 years.
  290. outstanding
    of major significance or importance
    The Port Authority’s refusal to allow the 2008 financial crisis to derail the rebuilding was crucial, and its Executive Director, Chris Ward, has done an absolutely outstanding job in managing the rebuilding and sticking to deadlines.
  291. battery
    a collection of related things intended for use together
    And if we keep walking, just before we get to the re-built Staten Island Ferry Terminal, we’ll see the Battery Maritime Building that we restored and re-opened – with a community space, hotel, and rooftop restaurant still to come.
  292. construction
    the act of constructing something
    “Since 9/11, we’ve invested more than $260 million in park construction and expansion – and you can see the results not only along the water but at small green islands like Titanic and Tribeca Parks, at popular attractions like Imagination Playgrou
  293. stick to
    stick to firmly
    The Port Authority’s refusal to allow the 2008 financial crisis to derail the rebuilding was crucial, and its Executive Director, Chris Ward, has done an absolutely outstanding job in managing the rebuilding and sticking to deadlines.
  294. commitment
    the act of binding yourself (intellectually or emotionally) to a course of action
    In 2006, when I became chair of the Memorial foundation, we committed to opening the memorial on the 10th anniversary – and thanks to so many people who worked hard to make it happen, we’re delivering on that commitment.
  295. wake
    the wave that spreads behind a boat as it moves forward
    “In the wake of the attacks, New Yorkers united first in grief – and then in resolve.
  296. people
    (plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively
    But because people like Lew and his brother Jack never gave up, because community leaders in every borough banded together to revitalize their neighborhoods, and because Mayors Koch, Dinkins, and Giuliani – and Governors Carey, Cuomo, and Pataki –
  297. progress
    the act of moving forward (as toward a goal)
    The progress we had made came to a halt.
  298. Parks
    United States civil rights leader who refused to give up her seat on a bus to a white man in Montgomery (Alabama) and so triggered the national Civil Rights movement (born in 1913)
    “Since 9/11, we’ve invested more than $260 million in park construction and expansion – and you can see the results not only along the water but at small green islands like Titanic and Tribeca Parks, at popular attractions like Imagination Playgrou
  299. alley
    a narrow street with walls on both sides
    In 2001, Stone Street was a dark and desolate back alley with nice cobblestones but not much else.
  300. Hall
    United States explorer who led three expeditions to the Arctic (1821-1871)
    “This week, the newest school is opening in the stunning new Frank Gehry building just east of City Hall.
  301. transformation
    the act of changing in form or shape or appearance
    “The transformation of Lower Manhattan has been an enormous team effort – with the City, State, and Federal governments working together, investing together, and forming partnerships with the private sector.
  302. recover
    regain or make up for
    And we didn’t know whether or not our city would ever recover.
  303. Sunday
    first day of the week; observed as a day of rest and worship by most Christians
    “And yet – in one September morning 10 years ago this coming Sunday, that story was suddenly, utterly and terribly changed.
  304. colleague
    an associate that one works with
    “This Sunday, on the 10th anniversary of the attacks on America, each of us will reflect on where we were, what we were doing, who we were with, and most of all, who we lost: husbands and wives, parents and children, friends and colleagues, people
  305. soccer
    a football game in which two teams of 11 players try to kick or head a ball into the opponents' goal
    Today, Pier 25 is a beautiful new addition to Hudson River Park, with beach volleyball courts, a kids’ soccer field, and a mini-golf course.
  306. look back
    look towards one's back
    “As we look back on the past decade, and as the picture of what has happened here comes into sharper focus, I believe the re-birth and revitalization of Lower Manhattan will be remembered as one of the greatest comeback stories in American history.
  307. festival
    an organized series of acts and performances (usually in one place)
    “And we’ll now head over to an organization that, though less than ten years old, is already an international institution – the Tribeca Film Festival.
  308. Albany
    state capital of New York; located in eastern New York State on the west bank of the Hudson river
    Our comeback would not have been possible without the leadership of Governor Pataki, Mayor Giuliani, Speaker Silver, and all our partners in Albany and in the City Council, including Speaker Christine Quinn.
  309. ominous
    threatening or foreshadowing evil or tragic developments
    “As a matter of fact, that December, a New York Times columnist wrote, ‘There are ominous signs, as the economy has deteriorated and the police have been diverted to terror-related tasks, that the bad old days are coming back.’
  310. starting
    appropriate to the beginning or start of an event
    “So let’s take a look at a few of the parks Leigh was talking about, starting with Pier 25 on the Hudson River.
  311. investing
    the act of investing; laying out money or capital in an enterprise with the expectation of profit
    “The transformation of Lower Manhattan has been an enormous team effort – with the City, State, and Federal governments working together, investing together, and forming partnerships with the private sector.
  312. believe
    accept as true; take to be true
    “But as important as the memorial is, and I believe it could not be more important, we owe the victims much more than ceremonies and symbolism.
  313. sticking
    extending out above or beyond a surface or boundary
    The Port Authority’s refusal to allow the 2008 financial crisis to derail the rebuilding was crucial, and its Executive Director, Chris Ward, has done an absolutely outstanding job in managing the rebuilding and sticking to deadlines.
  314. legacy
    (law) a gift of personal property by will
    So that the legacy of 9/11 will be felt not just here in Lower Manhattan but across each and every one of our 50 states for decades and centuries to come.
  315. Education
    the United States federal department that administers all federal programs dealing with education (including federal aid to educational institutions and students); created 1979
    The Department of Education opened Millennium High School in 2002 – with critical support from private donors.
  316. credit
    an estimate, based on previous dealings, of a person's or an organization's ability to fulfill their financial commitments
    But the person who deserves a lot of the credit is a guy who grew up working in his father Harry’s restaurant here in Lower Manhattan: Peter Poulakakos.
  317. opened
    not sealed or having been unsealed
    But it re-opened less than six months after the attack, and today, it is not only surviving, it’s not only expanding, it is even opening a new store on the Upper West Side.
  318. hurricane
    a severe tropical cyclone usually with heavy rains and winds moving a 73-136 knots (12 on the Beaufort scale)
    And no matter what happens – earthquake, hurricane, or any other disaster – we know how we will respond.
  319. federal government
    a government with strong central powers
    “The transformation of Lower Manhattan has been an enormous team effort – with the City, State, and Federal governments working together, investing together, and forming partnerships with the private sector.
  320. Goldman
    United States anarchist (born in Russia) who opposed conscription; was deported to the Soviet Union in 1919 (1869-1940)
    “The list could go on forever: Joe Daniels and all those who have supported the Memorial and Foundation; the Downtown Alliance, the members of Community Board 1, all the business leaders who committed to Lower Manhattan, especially Ken Chenault and Americ
  321. nail
    a thin pointed piece of metal that is hammered into materials as a fastener
    And you hit the nail on the head: Lower Manhattan is now a place not only for office workers but for families.
  322. zero
    a mathematical element that when added to another number yields the same number
    “We will never forget the devastation of the area that came to be known as ‘Ground Zero.’
  323. pump
    a mechanical device that moves fluid or gas by pressure or suction
    It’s pumped hundreds of millions of dollars into our economy, and it’s put Lower Manhattan on the map as a community for filmmakers and artists of every kind.
  324. worship
    the activity of worshipping
    We understood that the hijackers did more than attack two buildings; they attacked the freedom that defines our city and country: The freedom to think and speak and worship and love as we wish.
  325. bar
    a rigid piece of metal or wood; usually used as a fastening or obstruction or weapon
    Today, it is one of the liveliest outdoor dining scenes in the city – with more than 10 new restaurants, bars and cafes, employing nearly 500 people.
  326. New York
    the largest city in New York State and in the United States; located in southeastern New York at the mouth of the Hudson river; a major financial and cultural center
    “Some of you may not know that Bill’s father Lew founded ABNY in the early 1970s, when New York City was struggling with problems that were growing worse by the day.
  327. renew
    reestablish on a new, usually improved, basis or make new or like new
    Let us remember not only the day that time stood still – but the decade we have spent recovering, rebuilding, and renewing.
  328. arts
    studies intended to provide general knowledge and intellectual skills (rather than occupational or professional skills)
    Today, our film and TV industry is stronger than ever, and there is more space devoted to arts and culture in Lower Manhattan than there was on September 10th, 2001 – places like Poets House in Battery Park City.
  329. kid
    young goat
    Today, Pier 25 is a beautiful new addition to Hudson River Park, with beach volleyball courts, a kids’ soccer field, and a mini-golf course.
  330. convincing
    causing one to believe the truth of something
    “In the first couple of years after the attacks, federal tax credits were critical to convincing people to make the move downtown – but when those credits expired, the good news is people kept coming.
  331. business
    the principal activity in your life that you do to earn money
    Businesses would flee to the suburbs.
  332. remember
    recall knowledge from memory; have a recollection
    “Sunday morning, we will remember each one of them in a ceremony at the World Trade Center site, where a beautiful new memorial designed by Michael Arad and Peter Walker will open.
  333. police
    the force of policemen and officers
    “As a matter of fact, that December, a New York Times columnist wrote, ‘There are ominous signs, as the economy has deteriorated and the police have been diverted to terror-related tasks, that the bad old days are coming back.’
  334. grief
    intense sorrow caused by loss of a loved one (especially by death)
    “This morning, we gather just a few blocks from the World Trade Center site to reflect on the decade that has passed since that bright blue September sky turned dark and ashen, surrounding our city in grief.
  335. combine
    put or add together
    In fact, Lower Manhattan has added more people over the past 10 years than Atlanta, Dallas, and Philadelphia combined.
  336. that much
    to a certain degree
    “Now, let’s keep walking, and as we do, keep in mind that much of what is new in Lower Manhattan is actually beneath your feet.
  337. profoundly
    to a great depth psychologically
    “And we see a profoundly inspiring memorial that honors every person killed at the World Trade Center bombing in 1993, and every person killed on 9/11 – in New York, at the Pentagon, and near Shanksville.
  338. get to
    arrive at the point of
    And if we keep walking, just before we get to the re-built Staten Island Ferry Terminal, we’ll see the Battery Maritime Building that we restored and re-opened – with a community space, hotel, and rooftop restaurant still to come.
  339. 11th
    coming next after the tenth and just before the twelfth in position
    But the time has come to call those 16 acres what they are: The World Trade Center and the National September 11th Memorial and Museum.
  340. Paul
    (New Testament) a Christian missionary to the Gentiles; author of several Epistles in the New Testament; even though Paul was not present at the Last Supper he is considered an Apostle
    “Now, as leave the World Trade Center site, let’s head across the street and make one final stop: St. Paul’s Chapel.
  341. spur
    a sharp prod fixed to a rider's heel and used to urge a horse onward
    In the wake of the attacks, Robert De Niro, Jane Rosenthal, and Craig Hatkoff founded the Festival to help spur an economic and cultural revitalization downtown – and has it ever.
  342. alliance
    the state of being allied or confederated
    Stone Street owes its success to many people – including Mayor Giuliani and the Downtown Alliance, who put in those cobblestones.
  343. as a matter of fact
    in reality or actuality
    As a matter of fact, that December, a New York Times columnist wrote, ‘There are ominous signs, as the economy has deteriorated and the police have been diverted to terror-related tasks, that the bad old days are coming back.’
  344. rescue
    free from harm or evil
    We did it in time by volunteering – as rescue and recovery workers, social workers and medical professionals, as caterers and caregivers.
  345. member
    anything that belongs to a set or class
    That includes the 343 members of the FDNY, 23 members of the NYPD, and the 37 members of the Port Authority Police Department.
  346. chapel
    a place of worship that has its own altar
    “Now, as leave the World Trade Center site, let’s head across the street and make one final stop: St. Paul’s Chapel.
  347. deliver
    bring to a destination, make a delivery
    In 2006, when I became chair of the Memorial foundation, we committed to opening the memorial on the 10th anniversary – and thanks to so many people who worked hard to make it happen, we’re delivering on that commitment.
  348. Federal
    being of or having to do with the northern United States and those loyal to the Union during the American Civil War
    “The transformation of Lower Manhattan has been an enormous team effort – with the City, State, and Federal governments working together, investing together, and forming partnerships with the private sector.
  349. design
    the act of working out the form of something (as by making a sketch or outline or plan)
    “Sunday morning, we will remember each one of them in a ceremony at the World Trade Center site, where a beautiful new memorial designed by Michael Arad and Peter Walker will open.
  350. sponsor
    an advocate who presents a person (as for an award or a degree or an introduction etc.)
    Thank you for coming all of you, and I want to thank ABNY in particular for sponsoring this breakfast.
  351. give up
    give up in the face of defeat of lacking hope; admit defeat
    But because people like Lew and his brother Jack never gave up, because community leaders in every borough banded together to revitalize their neighborhoods, and because Mayors Koch, Dinkins, and Giuliani – and Governors Carey, Cuomo, and Pataki –
  352. York
    the English royal house (a branch of the Plantagenet line) that reigned from 1461 to 1485; its emblem was a white rose
    “Some of you may not know that Bill’s father Lew founded ABNY in the early 1970s, when New York City was struggling with problems that were growing worse by the day.
  353. cut in
    break into a conversation
    And with the biggest cuts in crime, the biggest growth in population, and the biggest investments in commercial development have all happened right here in Lower Manhattan.
  354. become
    come into existence
    But because people like Lew and his brother Jack never gave up, because community leaders in every borough banded together to revitalize their neighborhoods, and because Mayors Koch, Dinkins, and Giuliani – and Governors Carey, Cuomo, and Pataki – provide
  355. department
    a specialized division of a large organization
    [SHORT VIDEO] “Digital media start-ups are growing side-by-side with long-time downtown businesses like J&R. And later today, the City Council will hold a hearing on a zoning resolution that will allow a downtown icon, the Century 21 department sto
  356. flee
    run away quickly
    Businesses would flee to the suburbs.
  357. Dallas
    a large commercial and industrial city in northeastern Texas located in the heart of the northern Texas oil fields
    In fact, Lower Manhattan has added more people over the past 10 years than Atlanta, Dallas, and Philadelphia combined.
  358. terror
    an overwhelming feeling of fear and anxiety
    “As a matter of fact, that December, a New York Times columnist wrote, ‘There are ominous signs, as the economy has deteriorated and the police have been diverted to terror-related tasks, that the bad old days are coming back.’
  359. perform
    get (something) done
    Today, it is one of the highest-performing high schools in the City, with A’s on its progress reports and a graduation rate of 99 percent.
  360. keep
    continue a certain state, condition, or activity
    Their spirit inspired all of us – and I believe we owe it to them to keep their spirit alive, not only in our own hearts, not only at the World Trade Center site, but on every street they walked here in Lower Manhattan.
  361. shrine
    a place of worship hallowed by association with some sacred thing or person
    By standing strong for us in our hour of need, St. Paul’s became more than a house of worship and more than a shrine to those we lost.
  362. paved
    covered with a firm surface
    So let’s take a walk over to the oldest paved street in the City: Stone Street.
  363. challenge
    a call to engage in a contest or fight
    And let us remember that when we unite as Americans, and when we put patriotism ahead of partisanship, there is no challenge that this country can’t meet.
  364. Kelly
    United States film actress who retired when she married into the royal family of Monaco (1928-1982)
    Over the past decade, thanks to the leadership of Police Commissioner Ray Kelly, we have built the best counter-terrorism operation of any police force in the world, which has thwarted at least 13 potential terrorist attacks on our City.
  365. protecting
    shielding (or designed to shield) against harm or discomfort
    And I believe it will stand as our greatest moment to those we lost on 9/11 and to our unshakeable faith in the moral imperative of protecting and preserving a free, open, democratic society.
  366. devote
    dedicate
    Today, our film and TV industry is stronger than ever, and there is more space devoted to arts and culture in Lower Manhattan than there was on September 10th, 2001 – places like Poets House in Battery Park City.
  367. years
    a prolonged period of time
    “And yet – in one September morning 10 years ago this coming Sunday, that story was suddenly, utterly and terribly changed.
  368. maritime
    relating to or involving ships or shipping or navigation or seamen
    And if we keep walking, just before we get to the re-built Staten Island Ferry Terminal, we’ll see the Battery Maritime Building that we restored and re-opened – with a community space, hotel, and rooftop restaurant still to come.
  369. cultural
    of or relating to the shared knowledge and values of a society
    In the wake of the attacks, Robert De Niro, Jane Rosenthal, and Craig Hatkoff founded the Festival to help spur an economic and cultural revitalization downtown – and has it ever.
  370. depend on
    be contingent on
    “It’s impossible to talk about the new small businesses in Lower Manhattan though without talking about something we all depend on – all the new restaurants, pubs, and cafes.
  371. matter of fact
    a matter that is an actual fact or is demonstrable as a fact
    “As a matter of fact, that December, a New York Times columnist wrote, ‘There are ominous signs, as the economy has deteriorated and the police have been diverted to terror-related tasks, that the bad old days are coming back.’
  372. ceremony
    a formal event performed on a special occasion
    “Sunday morning, we will remember each one of them in a ceremony at the World Trade Center site, where a beautiful new memorial designed by Michael Arad and Peter Walker will open.
  373. defend
    protect against a challenge or attack
    And we understood that we could not expect our men and women in uniform abroad to defend those values alone.
  374. story
    a record or narrative description of past events
    But because people like Lew and his brother Jack never gave up, because community leaders in every borough banded together to revitalize their neighborhoods, and because Mayors Koch, Dinkins, and Giuliani – and Governors Carey, Cuomo, and Pataki – provide
  375. cracked
    of paint or varnish; having the appearance of alligator hide
    Not one window was even cracked.
  376. dim
    lacking in light; not bright or harsh
    “As we walk north, we’ll pass the reconstructed Columbus Park in Chinatown, where Chinese immigrants continue to come to find opportunity, and where New Yorkers and tourists continue to come to find great soup dumplings and dim-sum.
  377. recovering
    returning to health after illness or debility
    Let us remember not only the day that time stood still – but the decade we have spent recovering, rebuilding, and renewing.
  378. make it
    succeed in a big way; get to the top
    In 2006, when I became chair of the Memorial foundation, we committed to opening the memorial on the 10th anniversary – and thanks to so many people who worked hard to make it happen, we’re delivering on that commitment.
  379. sustain
    lengthen or extend in duration or space
    “With every new resident that moves downtown, with every new business and house of worship that opens its doors, with every new student that enters a classroom, we honor the spirit of those we lost that day, we honor the values that define our city, and w
  380. collapse
    break down, literally or metaphorically
    Others did not think anything should be built because the market for downtown office space had collapsed.
  381. honored
    having an illustrious reputation; respected
    And we’re honored that he, and so many world-class architects, have wanted to be part of the post-9/11 renaissance we see all across our city.
  382. operate
    perform as expected when applied
    And because of people like Minas – and because of so many entrepreneurs and CEOs who believed in downtown’s future – there are now more businesses operating in Lower Manhattan than there were on September 10th, 2001: baby stores, grocery stores, wi
  383. respond
    show a response or a reaction to something
    And no matter what happens – earthquake, hurricane, or any other disaster – we know how we will respond.
  384. district
    a region marked off for administrative or other purposes
    “Our goal was to turn a financial district that became a ghost town after 6 PM into a vibrant and dynamic 24/7 community.
  385. earthquake
    shaking and vibration at the surface of the earth resulting from underground movement along a fault plane of from volcanic activity
    And no matter what happens – earthquake, hurricane, or any other disaster – we know how we will respond.
  386. lesson
    the significance of a story or event
    That – that is the ultimate lesson of our past decade.
  387. shoe
    footwear shaped to fit the foot (below the ankle) with a flexible upper of leather or plastic and a sole and heel of heavier material
    Let’s begin by making a right on Wall Street and walking a few doors down to a little shop called Minas Shoe Repair.
  388. every
    (used of count nouns) each and all of the members of a group considered singly and without exception
    But because people like Lew and his brother Jack never gave up, because community leaders in every borough banded together to revitalize their neighborhoods, and because Mayors Koch, Dinkins, and Giuliani – and Governors Carey, Cuomo, and Pataki –
  389. area
    the extent of a 2-dimensional surface enclosed within a boundary
    “So this morning, I’d like to ask you to join me on a virtual walking tour of an area that, over the past decade, has become a real neighborhood – just as we had hoped when our Administration laid out a new vision for Lower Manhattan in 2002 as Bil
  390. video
    broadcasting visual images of stationary or moving objects
    [SHORT VIDEO] “Digital media start-ups are growing side-by-side with long-time downtown businesses like J&R. And later today, the City Council will hold a hearing on a zoning resolution that will allow a downtown icon, the Century 21 department sto
  391. nation
    a politically organized body of people under a single government
    “With every new resident that moves downtown, with every new business and house of worship that opens its doors, with every new student that enters a classroom, we honor the spirit of those we lost that day, we honor the values that define our city, and w
  392. have
    have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense
    The skyline that we had built came crashing down around us.
  393. dining
    the act of eating dinner
    Today, it is one of the liveliest outdoor dining scenes in the city – with more than 10 new restaurants, bars and cafes, employing nearly 500 people.
  394. come
    move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody
    Thank you for coming all of you, and I want to thank ABNY in particular for sponsoring this breakfast.
  395. governor
    the head of a state government
    But because people like Lew and his brother Jack never gave up, because community leaders in every borough banded together to revitalize their neighborhoods, and because Mayors Koch, Dinkins, and Giuliani – and Governors Carey, Cuomo, and Pataki –
  396. patriotism
    love of country and willingness to sacrifice for it
    And let us remember that when we unite as Americans, and when we put patriotism ahead of partisanship, there is no challenge that this country can’t meet.
  397. doubled
    twice as great or many
    Over the past 10 years, the number of people living in Lower Manhattan has nearly doubled.
  398. park
    a piece of open land for recreational use in an urban area
    “Since 9/11, we’ve invested more than $260 million in park construction and expansion – and you can see the results not only along the water but at small green islands like Titanic and Tribeca Parks, at popular attractions like Imagination Playgrou
  399. ensure
    make certain of
    And we have kept faith in our civic values – remembering that here in Lower Manhattan, the City’s oldest neighborhood, where Jews and Catholics and others were once unable to congregate openly – we honor our nation’s founding ideals, and those who have fo
  400. recession
    the act of ceding back
    And – most of all, as New Yorkers from Chinatown to Cambria Heights continue to feel the effects of the national recession – there will be more jobs for more people on every step of the economic ladder.
  401. destination
    the place designated as the end (as of a race or journey)
    “Over the next 10 years – come hell or high water – I fully expect that Lower Manhattan will continue to grow as a neighborhood, as a business district, as a creative community and as a destination for visitors.
  402. digital
    relating to or performed with the fingers
    [SHORT VIDEO] “Digital media start-ups are growing side-by-side with long-time downtown businesses like J&R. And later today, the City Council will hold a hearing on a zoning resolution that will allow a downtown icon, the Century 21 department sto
  403. come to
    cause to experience suddenly
    The progress we had made came to a halt.
  404. Atlanta
    state capital and largest city of Georgia; chief commercial center of the southeastern United States; was plundered and burned by Sherman's army during the American Civil War
    In fact, Lower Manhattan has added more people over the past 10 years than Atlanta, Dallas, and Philadelphia combined.
  405. creative
    having the ability or power to create
    “Over the next 10 years – come hell or high water – I fully expect that Lower Manhattan will continue to grow as a neighborhood, as a business district, as a creative community and as a destination for visitors.
  406. attraction
    the quality of arousing interest; being attractive or something that attracts
    “Since 9/11, we’ve invested more than $260 million in park construction and expansion – and you can see the results not only along the water but at small green islands like Titanic and Tribeca Parks, at popular attractions like Imagination Playgrou
  407. roaring
    very lively and profitable
    Over the past decade, New York City has come roaring back, faster and stronger than anyone thought possible.
  408. American
    of or relating to the United States of America or its people or language or culture
    “As we look back on the past decade, and as the picture of what has happened here comes into sharper focus, I believe the re-birth and revitalization of Lower Manhattan will be remembered as one of the greatest comeback stories in American history.
  409. tyranny
    a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)
    We understood that without those freedoms there was no New York City, no United States of America, no democratic society anywhere – only tyranny and terror.
  410. located
    situated in a particular spot or position
    Century 21 is located directly across the street from the World Trade Center site – and 10 years ago, many wondered whether it could survive.
  411. building
    the act of constructing something
    We understood that the hijackers did more than attack two buildings; they attacked the freedom that defines our city and country: The freedom to think and speak and worship and love as we wish.
  412. flag
    emblem usually consisting of a rectangular piece of cloth of distinctive design
    Each of us did that in a million little ways – in the flags we waved and the blood we gave and the donations we made.
  413. customer
    someone who pays for goods or services
    When the attacks came, he lost friends and customers – but not his faith in the community that he had helped build.
  414. replace
    put something back where it belongs
    Over the past 10 years, we’ve invested $165 million in restructuring streets, and $127 million to replace 20 miles of water mains – some of which were 100 years old.
  415. desolate
    providing no shelter or sustenance
    In 2001, Stone Street was a dark and desolate back alley with nice cobblestones but not much else.
  416. expansion
    the act of increasing (something) in size or volume or quantity or scope
    “Since 9/11, we’ve invested more than $260 million in park construction and expansion – and you can see the results not only along the water but at small green islands like Titanic and Tribeca Parks, at popular attractions like Imagination Playgrou
  417. remembering
    the cognitive processes whereby past experience is remembered
    And we have kept faith in our civic values – remembering that here in Lower Manhattan, the City’s oldest neighborhood, where Jews and Catholics and others were once unable to congregate openly – we honor our nation’s founding ideals, and those who
  418. hesitate
    pause or hold back in uncertainty or unwillingness
    “There are many people who deserve credit for the progress at the World Trade Center, starting with the guy who never hesitated to rebuild: Larry Silverstein.
  419. refusal
    the act of refusing
    The Port Authority’s refusal to allow the 2008 financial crisis to derail the rebuilding was crucial, and its Executive Director, Chris Ward, has done an absolutely outstanding job in managing the rebuilding and sticking to deadlines.
  420. support
    the act of bearing the weight of or strengthening
    The Department of Education opened Millennium High School in 2002 – with critical support from private donors.
  421. bomb
    an explosive device fused to explode under specific conditions
    “And we see a profoundly inspiring memorial that honors every person killed at the World Trade Center bombing in 1993, and every person killed on 9/11 – in New York, at the Pentagon, and near Shanksville.
  422. development
    a process in which something passes by degrees to a different stage (especially a more advanced or mature stage)
    And with the biggest cuts in crime, the biggest growth in population, and the biggest investments in commercial development have all happened right here in Lower Manhattan.
  423. congressional
    of or relating to congress
    Together, along with the entire Congressional delegation, including Congresswoman Maloney, they delivered the critical support that we need.
  424. beach
    an area of sand sloping down to the water of a sea or lake
    Today, Pier 25 is a beautiful new addition to Hudson River Park, with beach volleyball courts, a kids’ soccer field, and a mini-golf course.
  425. foundation
    the basis on which something is grounded
    In 2006, when I became chair of the Memorial foundation, we committed to opening the memorial on the 10th anniversary – and thanks to so many people who worked hard to make it happen, we’re delivering on that commitment.
  426. descend
    move downward and lower, but not necessarily all the way
    In the weeks and months that followed, thousands of people descended on St. Paul’s to post expressions of their grief to help support the recovery workers and help get our city back on its feet.
  427. move
    change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically
    Residents would move out.
  428. relate
    give an account of
    “As a matter of fact, that December, a New York Times columnist wrote, ‘There are ominous signs, as the economy has deteriorated and the police have been diverted to terror-related tasks, that the bad old days are coming back.’
  429. counter
    a calculator that keeps a record of the number of times something happens
    Over the past decade, thanks to the leadership of Police Commissioner Ray Kelly, we have built the best counter-terrorism operation of any police force in the world, which has thwarted at least 13 potential terrorist attacks on our City.
  430. culture
    all the knowledge and values shared by a society
    Today, our film and TV industry is stronger than ever, and there is more space devoted to arts and culture in Lower Manhattan than there was on September 10th, 2001 – places like Poets House in Battery Park City.
  431. tower
    a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building
    “For example, let’s head to the corner of Greenwich and Murray Street, where the City and the Lower Manhattan Development Corporation helped make possible a new residential tower with 77 affordable apartments and 220 market rate condos, as well as
  432. post
    an upright consisting of a piece of timber or metal fixed firmly in an upright position
    And we’re honored that he, and so many world-class architects, have wanted to be part of the post-9/11 renaissance we see all across our city.
  433. look out
    be vigilant, be on the lookout or be careful
    But we had a responsibility to look out not one year, not one decade, but hundreds of years.
  434. dine
    have supper; eat dinner
    Today, it is one of the liveliest outdoor dining scenes in the city – with more than 10 new restaurants, bars and cafes, employing nearly 500 people.
  435. terribly
    used as intensifiers
    “And yet – in one September morning 10 years ago this coming Sunday, that story was suddenly, utterly and terribly changed.
  436. know
    be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about
    “Some of you may not know that Bill’s father Lew founded ABNY in the early 1970s, when New York City was struggling with problems that were growing worse by the day.
  437. fully
    to the greatest degree or extent; completely or entirely; (`full' in this sense is used as a combining form)
    To fully appreciate the scale of the effort, you have to experience it for yourself.
  438. defined
    showing clearly the outline or profile or boundary
    It became a symbol of the resilience and resolve that has defined our city and country since its earliest days.
  439. stand
    be standing; be upright
    And I believe it will stand as our greatest moment to those we lost on 9/11 and to our unshakeable faith in the moral imperative of protecting and preserving a free, open, democratic society.
  440. golf
    a game played on a large open course with 9 or 18 holes; the object is use as few strokes as possible in playing all the holes
    Today, Pier 25 is a beautiful new addition to Hudson River Park, with beach volleyball courts, a kids’ soccer field, and a mini-golf course.
  441. soup
    liquid food especially of meat or fish or vegetable stock often containing pieces of solid food
    “As we walk north, we’ll pass the reconstructed Columbus Park in Chinatown, where Chinese immigrants continue to come to find opportunity, and where New Yorkers and tourists continue to come to find great soup dumplings and dim-sum.
  442. convince
    make (someone) agree, understand, or realize the truth or validity of something
    “In the first couple of years after the attacks, federal tax credits were critical to convincing people to make the move downtown – but when those credits expired, the good news is people kept coming.
  443. million
    the number that is represented as a one followed by 6 zeros
    Each of us did that in a million little ways – in the flags we waved and the blood we gave and the donations we made.
  444. historic
    belonging to the past; of what is important or famous in the past
    From there, we can hop a ferry to Governors Island and enjoy one of the most beautiful and historic waterfront parks in the world.
  445. understood
    implied by or inferred from actions or statements
    We understood that the hijackers did more than attack two buildings; they attacked the freedom that defines our city and country: The freedom to think and speak and worship and love as we wish.
  446. opening
    an open or empty space in or between things
    In 2006, when I became chair of the Memorial foundation, we committed to opening the memorial on the 10th anniversary – and thanks to so many people who worked hard to make it happen, we’re delivering on that commitment.
  447. private
    confined to particular persons or groups or providing privacy
    “The transformation of Lower Manhattan has been an enormous team effort – with the City, State, and Federal governments working together, investing together, and forming partnerships with the private sector.
  448. ladder
    steps consisting of two parallel members connected by rungs; for climbing up or down
    And – most of all, as New Yorkers from Chinatown to Cambria Heights continue to feel the effects of the national recession – there will be more jobs for more people on every step of the economic ladder.
  449. come back
    go back to something earlier
    “As a matter of fact, that December, a New York Times columnist wrote, ‘There are ominous signs, as the economy has deteriorated and the police have been diverted to terror-related tasks, that the bad old days are coming back.’
  450. committed
    bound or obligated, as under a pledge to a particular cause, action, or attitude
    In 2006, when I became chair of the Memorial foundation, we committed to opening the memorial on the 10th anniversary – and thanks to so many people who worked hard to make it happen, we’re delivering on that commitment.
  451. repair
    restore by replacing a part or putting together what is torn or broken
    Let’s begin by making a right on Wall Street and walking a few doors down to a little shop called Minas Shoe Repair.
  452. possible
    capable of happening or existing
    Over the past decade, New York City has come roaring back, faster and stronger than anyone thought possible.
  453. make
    perform or carry out
    The progress we had made came to a halt.
  454. hell
    any place of pain and turmoil
    “Over the next 10 years – come hell or high water – I fully expect that Lower Manhattan will continue to grow as a neighborhood, as a business district, as a creative community and as a destination for visitors.
  455. forget
    dismiss from the mind; stop remembering
    These heroes put aside concerns about their own health, and we must never forget that, we must never forget them, and we must always be there for them when they need us.
  456. operating
    involved in a kind of operation
    And because of people like Minas – and because of so many entrepreneurs and CEOs who believed in downtown’s future – there are now more businesses operating in Lower Manhattan than there were on September 10th, 2001: baby stores, grocery stores, wi
  457. commissioner
    a member of a commission
    Over the past decade, thanks to the leadership of Police Commissioner Ray Kelly, we have built the best counter-terrorism operation of any police force in the world, which has thwarted at least 13 potential terrorist attacks on our City.
  458. film
    a form of entertainment that enacts a story by sound and a sequence of images giving the illusion of continuous movement
    “And we’ll now head over to an organization that, though less than ten years old, is already an international institution – the Tribeca Film Festival.
  459. month
    one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year
    The sense of shock we felt hung heavy in the air for months – and so did the sense of worry we felt about whether our city’s best days were behind us.
  460. sum
    a quantity obtained by the addition of a group of numbers
    “As we walk north, we’ll pass the reconstructed Columbus Park in Chinatown, where Chinese immigrants continue to come to find opportunity, and where New Yorkers and tourists continue to come to find great soup dumplings and dim-sum.
  461. anguish
    extreme distress of body or mind
    “This Sunday, as we reflect back on the past, let us remember not only the agony and anguish of the attacks but how we channeled our pain into something positive and powerful.
  462. day
    time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis
    “Some of you may not know that Bill’s father Lew founded ABNY in the early 1970s, when New York City was struggling with problems that were growing worse by the day.
  463. halt
    cause to stop
    The progress we had made came to a halt.
  464. architecture
    the discipline dealing with the principles of design and construction and ornamentation of fine buildings
    There will be more parks and recreation, more housing and schools, more shops and transit, more world-class architecture, and more arts and culture – including, I hope, a beautiful new performing arts center at the new World Trade Center.
  465. determined
    having been learned or found or determined especially by investigation
    But because people like Lew and his brother Jack never gave up, because community leaders in every borough banded together to revitalize their neighborhoods, and because Mayors Koch, Dinkins, and Giuliani – and Governors Carey, Cuomo, and Pataki – provide
  466. lost
    having lost your bearings; confused as to time or place or personal identity
    “This Sunday, on the 10th anniversary of the attacks on America, each of us will reflect on where we were, what we were doing, who we were with, and most of all, who we lost: husbands and wives, parents and children, friends and colleagues, people
  467. envy
    a feeling of grudging admiration and desire to have something that is possessed by another
    But because people like Lew and his brother Jack never gave up, because community leaders in every borough banded together to revitalize their neighborhoods, and because Mayors Koch, Dinkins, and Giuliani – and Governors Carey, Cuomo, and Pataki – provide
  468. crack
    a narrow opening
    Not one window was even cracked.
  469. port
    a place (seaport or airport) where people and merchandise can enter or leave a country
    That includes the 343 members of the FDNY, 23 members of the NYPD, and the 37 members of the Port Authority Police Department.
  470. effort
    use of physical or mental energy; hard work
    “The transformation of Lower Manhattan has been an enormous team effort – with the City, State, and Federal governments working together, investing together, and forming partnerships with the private sector.
  471. job
    a specific piece of work required to be done as a duty or for a specific fee
    The Port Authority’s refusal to allow the 2008 financial crisis to derail the rebuilding was crucial, and its Executive Director, Chris Ward, has done an absolutely outstanding job in managing the rebuilding and sticking to deadlines.
  472. appreciate
    be fully aware of; realize fully
    To fully appreciate the scale of the effort, you have to experience it for yourself.
  473. island
    a land mass (smaller than a continent) that is surrounded by water
    And if we keep walking, just before we get to the re-built Staten Island Ferry Terminal, we’ll see the Battery Maritime Building that we restored and re-opened – with a community space, hotel, and rooftop restaurant still to come.
  474. Irish
    of or relating to or characteristic of Ireland or its people
    “In 2002, Peter and his partners opened a coffee shop and a pastry shop on Stone Street, followed by an Irish pub the next year.
  475. proud of
    feeling pleasurable satisfaction over something by which you measures your self-worth
    People of every color, of every country, speaking every language, practicing every religion, holding every belief, and yet we were all New Yorkers first – proud of our city, and determined to bring it back.
  476. heights
    a high place
    And – most of all, as New Yorkers from Chinatown to Cambria Heights continue to feel the effects of the national recession – there will be more jobs for more people on every step of the economic ladder.
  477. target
    a reference point to shoot at
    “The businesses and people who moved to Lower Manhattan did so knowing that the area would remain a terrorist target.
  478. in particular
    specifically or especially distinguished from others
    Thank you for coming all of you, and I want to thank ABNY in particular for sponsoring this breakfast.
  479. crash
    break violently or noisily; smash;
    The skyline that we had built came crashing down around us.
  480. express
    give expression to
    “The list could go on forever: Joe Daniels and all those who have supported the Memorial and Foundation; the Downtown Alliance, the members of Community Board 1, all the business leaders who committed to Lower Manhattan, especially Ken Chenault and Americ
  481. market
    a marketplace where groceries are sold
    Through the ups and downs of the markets, Minas has made it.
  482. deputy
    a person appointed to represent or act on behalf of others
    “There are far too many people to thank for the progress we’ve made at the site and across Lower Manhattan, including all our City agencies and Deputy Mayors, but a few more must be mentioned: President Bush, Senators Schumer and Clinton, and Congr
  483. focus
    the concentration of attention or energy on something
    “As we look back on the past decade, and as the picture of what has happened here comes into sharper focus, I believe the re-birth and revitalization of Lower Manhattan will be remembered as one of the greatest comeback stories in American history.
  484. across
    to the opposite side
    Century 21 is located directly across the street from the World Trade Center site – and 10 years ago, many wondered whether it could survive.
  485. employ
    put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose
    Today, it is one of the liveliest outdoor dining scenes in the city – with more than 10 new restaurants, bars and cafes, employing nearly 500 people.
  486. furnish
    provide or equip with furniture
    And because of people like Minas – and because of so many entrepreneurs and CEOs who believed in downtown’s future – there are now more businesses operating in Lower Manhattan than there were on September 10th, 2001: baby stores, grocery stores, wine stor
  487. work on
    to exert effort in order to do, make, or perform something
    The men and women who worked on the site did so out of love of country – and love of our city.
  488. zone
    an area or region distinguished from adjacent parts by a distinctive feature or characteristic
    [SHORT VIDEO] “Digital media start-ups are growing side-by-side with long-time downtown businesses like J&R. And later today, the City Council will hold a hearing on a zoning resolution that will allow a downtown icon, the Century 21 department sto
  489. strong
    having strength or power greater than average or expected
    But because people like Lew and his brother Jack never gave up, because community leaders in every borough banded together to revitalize their neighborhoods, and because Mayors Koch, Dinkins, and Giuliani – and Governors Carey, Cuomo, and Pataki – provide
  490. openly
    in an open way
    And we have kept faith in our civic values – remembering that here in Lower Manhattan, the City’s oldest neighborhood, where Jews and Catholics and others were once unable to congregate openly – we honor our nation’s founding ideals, and those who
  491. crime
    (criminal law) an act punishable by law; usually considered an evil act
    That crime would return.
  492. parent
    a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian
    “This Sunday, on the 10th anniversary of the attacks on America, each of us will reflect on where we were, what we were doing, who we were with, and most of all, who we lost: husbands and wives, parents and children, friends and colleagues, people
  493. more than
    (comparative of `much' used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree
    “But as important as the memorial is, and I believe it could not be more important, we owe the victims much more than ceremonies and symbolism.
  494. restore
    bring back into original existence, use, function, or position
    And if we keep walking, just before we get to the re-built Staten Island Ferry Terminal, we’ll see the Battery Maritime Building that we restored and re-opened – with a community space, hotel, and rooftop restaurant still to come.
  495. value
    the quality (positive or negative) that renders something desirable or valuable
    And we understood that we could not expect our men and women in uniform abroad to defend those values alone.
  496. need
    have need of
    “But for Lower Manhattan to become a magnet for families, we also needed to create more first-rate schools.
  497. faster
    more quickly
    Over the past decade, New York City has come roaring back, faster and stronger than anyone thought possible.
  498. stop
    have an end, in a temporal, spatial, or quantitative sense; either spatial or metaphorical
    So let’s stop by two of our new public schools, starting with Millennium High School.
  499. coming
    of the relatively near future
    Thank you for coming all of you, and I want to thank ABNY in particular for sponsoring this breakfast.
  500. leaders
    the body of people who lead a group
    But because people like Lew and his brother Jack never gave up, because community leaders in every borough banded together to revitalize their neighborhoods, and because Mayors Koch, Dinkins, and Giuliani – and Governors Carey, Cuomo, and Pataki –
  501. birth
    the time when something begins (especially life)
    “As we look back on the past decade, and as the picture of what has happened here comes into sharper focus, I believe the re-birth and revitalization of Lower Manhattan will be remembered as one of the greatest comeback stories in American history.
  502. add
    make an addition (to); join or combine or unite with others; increase the quality, quantity, size or scope of
    In fact, Lower Manhattan has added more people over the past 10 years than Atlanta, Dallas, and Philadelphia combined.
  503. complex
    complicated in structure; consisting of interconnected parts
    This is the most complex construction site in the world, with two railroads running through it.
  504. rate
    a quantity or amount or measure considered as a proportion of another quantity or amount or measure
    “For example, let’s head to the corner of Greenwich and Murray Street, where the City and the Lower Manhattan Development Corporation helped make possible a new residential tower with 77 affordable apartments and 220 market rate condos, as well as
  505. financial
    involving financial matters
    “Our goal was to turn a financial district that became a ghost town after 6 PM into a vibrant and dynamic 24/7 community.
  506. acres
    extensive landed property (especially in the country) retained by the owner for his own use
    But the time has come to call those 16 acres what they are: The World Trade Center and the National September 11th Memorial and Museum.
  507. big
    above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent
    And with the biggest cuts in crime, the biggest growth in population, and the biggest investments in commercial development have all happened right here in Lower Manhattan.
  508. medium
    the surrounding environment
    [SHORT VIDEO] “Digital media start-ups are growing side-by-side with long-time downtown businesses like J&R. And later today, the City Council will hold a hearing on a zoning resolution that will allow a downtown icon, the Century 21 department sto
  509. hear
    perceive (sound) via the auditory sense
    At the 9/11 funerals and memorial services I attended, I heard stories of people so full of life – full of love – full of laughter.
  510. ray
    a group of nearly parallel lines of electromagnetic radiation
    Over the past decade, thanks to the leadership of Police Commissioner Ray Kelly, we have built the best counter-terrorism operation of any police force in the world, which has thwarted at least 13 potential terrorist attacks on our City.
  511. century
    ten 10s
    [SHORT VIDEO] “Digital media start-ups are growing side-by-side with long-time downtown businesses like J&R. And later today, the City Council will hold a hearing on a zoning resolution that will allow a downtown icon, the Century 21 department sto
  512. agony
    intense feelings of suffering; acute mental or physical pain
    “This Sunday, as we reflect back on the past, let us remember not only the agony and anguish of the attacks but how we channeled our pain into something positive and powerful.
  513. disaster
    an event resulting in great loss and misfortune
    And no matter what happens – earthquake, hurricane, or any other disaster – we know how we will respond.
  514. surrounding
    closely encircling
    “This morning, we gather just a few blocks from the World Trade Center site to reflect on the decade that has passed since that bright blue September sky turned dark and ashen, surrounding our city in grief.
  515. funeral
    a ceremony at which a dead person is buried or cremated
    At the 9/11 funerals and memorial services I attended, I heard stories of people so full of life – full of love – full of laughter.
  516. roar
    make a loud noise, as of animal
    Over the past decade, New York City has come roaring back, faster and stronger than anyone thought possible.
  517. economy
    the system of production and distribution and consumption
    “As a matter of fact, that December, a New York Times columnist wrote, ‘There are ominous signs, as the economy has deteriorated and the police have been diverted to terror-related tasks, that the bad old days are coming back.’
  518. believe in
    have a firm conviction as to the goodness of something
    And because of people like Minas – and because of so many entrepreneurs and CEOs who believed in downtown’s future – there are now more businesses operating in Lower Manhattan than there were on September 10th, 2001: baby stores, grocery stores, wi
  519. come into
    obtain, especially accidentally
    “As we look back on the past decade, and as the picture of what has happened here comes into sharper focus, I believe the re-birth and revitalization of Lower Manhattan will be remembered as one of the greatest comeback stories in American history.
  520. rent
    a payment or series of payments made by the lessee to an owner for use of some property, facility, equipment, or service
    It’s a place for entrepreneurs to get their ideas off the ground – and some of them have already outgrown the incubator and are now renting their own space.
  521. headquarters
    (usually plural) the office that serves as the administrative center of an enterprise
    “The list could go on forever: Joe Daniels and all those who have supported the Memorial and Foundation; the Downtown Alliance, the members of Community Board 1, all the business leaders who committed to Lower Manhattan, especially Ken Chenault and Americ
  522. earliest
    (comparative and superlative of `early') more early than; most early
    It became a symbol of the resilience and resolve that has defined our city and country since its earliest days.
  523. beautiful
    delighting the senses or exciting intellectual or emotional admiration
    “Sunday morning, we will remember each one of them in a ceremony at the World Trade Center site, where a beautiful new memorial designed by Michael Arad and Peter Walker will open.
  524. find
    discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of
    “Some of you may not know that Bill’s father Lew founded ABNY in the early 1970s, when New York City was struggling with problems that were growing worse by the day.
  525. combination
    the act of combining things to form a new whole
    There are now more people living in Lower Manhattan than at any time since 1920, and many of them are in new housing that has been created through a combination of public and private investment.
  526. potential
    existing in possibility
    Over the past decade, thanks to the leadership of Police Commissioner Ray Kelly, we have built the best counter-terrorism operation of any police force in the world, which has thwarted at least 13 potential terrorist attacks on our City.
  527. hotel
    a building where travelers can pay for lodging and meals and other services
    And if we keep walking, just before we get to the re-built Staten Island Ferry Terminal, we’ll see the Battery Maritime Building that we restored and re-opened – with a community space, hotel, and rooftop restaurant still to come.
  528. proud
    feeling self-respect or pleasure in something by which you measure your self-worth; or being a reason for pride
    Now I have to tell you, nothing makes me prouder as Mayor of this great City to know that we are accomplishing that in spectacular fashion.
  529. lively
    full of life and energy
    Today, it is one of the liveliest outdoor dining scenes in the city – with more than 10 new restaurants, bars and cafes, employing nearly 500 people.
  530. sense
    the faculty through which the external world is apprehended
    The sense of shock we felt hung heavy in the air for months – and so did the sense of worry we felt about whether our city’s best days were behind us.
  531. many
    a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by `as' or `too' or `so' or `that'; amounting to a large but indefinite number
    In 2006, when I became chair of the Memorial foundation, we committed to opening the memorial on the 10th anniversary – and thanks to so many people who worked hard to make it happen, we’re delivering on that commitment.
  532. ten
    the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system
    Ten years ago, debris from the World Trade Center site was put on a barged and shipped out of the City from Pier 25.
  533. powerful
    having great power or force or potency or effect
    At 76 stories, it is the tallest residential building in the Western Hemisphere – and having a school at its base makes it an even more powerful symbol of Lower Manhattan’s rebirth.
  534. wave
    (physics) a movement up and down or back and forth
    Each of us did that in a million little ways – in the flags we waved and the blood we gave and the donations we made.
  535. art
    the creation of beautiful or significant things
    You can picnic, ride a bike, tour the forts, see public art, and hear live music.
  536. preserve
    keep in safety and protect from harm, decay, loss, or destruction
    And I believe it will stand as our greatest moment to those we lost on 9/11 and to our unshakeable faith in the moral imperative of protecting and preserving a free, open, democratic society.
  537. spirit
    the vital principle or animating force within living things
    Their spirit inspired all of us – and I believe we owe it to them to keep their spirit alive, not only in our own hearts, not only at the World Trade Center site, but on every street they walked here in Lower Manhattan.
  538. leader
    a person who rules or guides or inspires others
    But because people like Lew and his brother Jack never gave up, because community leaders in every borough banded together to revitalize their neighborhoods, and because Mayors Koch, Dinkins, and Giuliani – and Governors Carey, Cuomo, and Pataki –
  539. visitor
    someone who visits
    “Over the next 10 years – come hell or high water – I fully expect that Lower Manhattan will continue to grow as a neighborhood, as a business district, as a creative community and as a destination for visitors.
  540. struggling
    engaged in a struggle to overcome especially poverty or obscurity
    “Some of you may not know that Bill’s father Lew founded ABNY in the early 1970s, when New York City was struggling with problems that were growing worse by the day.
  541. entire
    constituting the full quantity or extent; complete
    Some believed that the entire site should become a memorial.
  542. country
    the territory occupied by a nation
    We understood that the hijackers did more than attack two buildings; they attacked the freedom that defines our city and country: The freedom to think and speak and worship and love as we wish.
  543. help
    give help or assistance; be of service
    When the attacks came, he lost friends and customers – but not his faith in the community that he had helped build.
  544. America
    North America and South America and Central America
    “This Sunday, on the 10th anniversary of the attacks on America, each of us will reflect on where we were, what we were doing, who we were with, and most of all, who we lost: husbands and wives, parents and children, friends and colleagues, people
  545. gather
    assemble or get together
    “This morning, we gather just a few blocks from the World Trade Center site to reflect on the decade that has passed since that bright blue September sky turned dark and ashen, surrounding our city in grief.
  546. kept
    (especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded
    “In the first couple of years after the attacks, federal tax credits were critical to convincing people to make the move downtown – but when those credits expired, the good news is people kept coming.
  547. economic
    of or relating to an economy, the system of production and management of material wealth
    In the wake of the attacks, Robert De Niro, Jane Rosenthal, and Craig Hatkoff founded the Festival to help spur an economic and cultural revitalization downtown – and has it ever.
  548. begin
    set in motion, cause to start
    Let’s begin by making a right on Wall Street and walking a few doors down to a little shop called Minas Shoe Repair.
  549. worry
    a strong feeling of anxiety
    The sense of shock we felt hung heavy in the air for months – and so did the sense of worry we felt about whether our city’s best days were behind us.
  550. hero
    someone who fights for a cause
    These heroes put aside concerns about their own health, and we must never forget that, we must never forget them, and we must always be there for them when they need us.
  551. river
    a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)
    “So let’s take a look at a few of the parks Leigh was talking about, starting with Pier 25 on the Hudson River.
  552. depend
    be contingent upon (something that is elided)
    “It’s impossible to talk about the new small businesses in Lower Manhattan though without talking about something we all depend on – all the new restaurants, pubs, and cafes.
  553. ahead
    at or in the front
    “On April 30th, 1789, when George Washington walked from Federal Hall to St. Paul’s Chapel on the day of his inauguration as President of the United States, he did not know what lay ahead for our land.
  554. uniform
    clothing of distinctive design worn by members of a particular group as a means of identification
    And we understood that we could not expect our men and women in uniform abroad to defend those values alone.
  555. live
    have life, be alive
    Over the past 10 years, the number of people living in Lower Manhattan has nearly doubled.
  556. institution
    a custom that for a long time has been an important feature of some group or society
    “And we’ll now head over to an organization that, though less than ten years old, is already an international institution – the Tribeca Film Festival.
  557. in the air
    on everybody's mind
    The sense of shock we felt hung heavy in the air for months – and so did the sense of worry we felt about whether our city’s best days were behind us.
  558. ghost
    the visible disembodied soul of a dead person
    “Our goal was to turn a financial district that became a ghost town after 6 PM into a vibrant and dynamic 24/7 community.