splatter
dash a liquid upon or against
NOTES:
Stanley watched the water splatter on the dirt, where it was quickly absorbed by the thirsty ground.
raspy
unpleasantly harsh or grating in sound
NOTES:
His voice was weak and raspy .
parch
cause to wither or parch from exposure to heat
NOTES:
His mouth was as dry and as parched as the lake.
evict
expel or eject without recourse to legal process
NOTES:
The landlord is threatening to evict us because of the odor.
snicker
laugh quietly
NOTES:
Several people snickered .
excavate
remove the inner part or the core of
NOTES:
It expanded when it was excavated .
dawdle
hang (back) or fall (behind) in movement, progress, development, etc.
NOTES:
He couldn't afford to dawdle .
crumple
to gather something into small wrinkles or folds
NOTES:
His knees crumpled beneath him.
layered
with one layer on top of another
NOTES:
It was layered and streaked with different shades of red, burnt orange, brown, and tan.
contaminate
make impure
NOTES:
They didn't dip their socks into the hole, afraid to contaminate the water.
protrude
extend out or project in space
NOTES:
He was able to lift Zero high enough for him to grab the protruding slab of rock.
indentation
the space left between the margin and the start of an indented line
NOTES:
He saw a large indentation in the weeds a little farther down the mountain.
memorize
commit to memory; learn by heart
NOTES:
I just don't have it memorized exactly."
unearth
recover through digging
NOTES:
He unearthed several shovelfuls of dirt in this manner, before it occurred to him that he was dumping his dirt within the perimeter of his hole.
increment
the amount by which something increases
NOTES:
Instead they zigzagged back and forth, increasing their altitude by small increments every time they changed directions.
rummage
search haphazardly
NOTES:
Kate could see her rummaging through the cabin, dumping drawers and knocking things from the shelves of cabinets.
wiggle
move to and fro
NOTES:
He had a tattoo of a rattlesnake on his arm, and as he signed his name, the snake's rattle seemed to wiggle "I used to smoke a pack a day.
nozzle
a projecting spout from which a fluid is discharged
NOTES:
Mr. Sir opened the nozzle , and the water flowed out of the tank, but it did not go into Stanley's canteen.
dangle
hang freely
NOTES:
Zero's legs dangled in front of him.
grading
evaluation of performance by assigning a grade or score
NOTES:
Miss Katherine usually stayed in the schoolhouse, grading papers and such, while Sam worked on the roof.
fume
a cloud of fine particles suspended in a gas
NOTES:
The air was thick with heat, dust, and exhaust fumes .
rotate
turn on or around an axis or a center
NOTES:
He rotated it and only had to chip off a few chunks of dirt, here and there, before it could lie flat across his hole in every direction.
glisten
be shiny, as if wet
NOTES:
As he dumped it out, he thought he saw something glisten as it fell onto the dirt pile.
perimeter
a line enclosing a plane areas
NOTES:
He unearthed several shovelfuls of dirt in this manner, before it occurred to him that he was dumping his dirt within the perimeter of his hole.
shimmer
shine with a weak or fitful light
NOTES:
It was a mirage caused by the shimmering waves of heat rising off the dry ground.
humiliate
cause to feel shame; hurt the pride of
NOTES:
Maybe he was in a hurry to bring the shoes to his father, or maybe he was trying to run away from his miserable and humiliating day at school.
writhe
to move in a twisting or contorted motion, (especially when struggling)
NOTES:
His body writhed in agony.
evaporate
change into a vapor
NOTES:
The water ran out under the walls and evaporated quickly in the sun.
taped
recorded on tape
NOTES:
Mr. Sir made a bandage out of a piece of his sack of sunflower seeds and taped it over Stanley's wound.
holster
a sheath (usually leather) for carrying a handgun
NOTES:
He tapped his holster .
gash
cut open
NOTES:
He felt his wet blood and a pretty big gash just below his ear.
donate
give to a charity or good cause
NOTES:
Clyde Livingston testified that they were his sneakers and that he had donated them to help raise money for the homeless shelter.
snout
a long projecting or anterior elongation of an animal's head; especially the nose
NOTES:
Myra's father got down on his hands and knees and closely examined each pig, tail to snout .
hinge
a joint that holds two parts together so that one can swing relative to the other
NOTES:
The door hung crooked on its bent hinges .
amaze
affect with wonder
NOTES:
"No."
Stanley was amazed .
afflict
cause physical pain or suffering in
NOTES:
In fact, it was the same foot fungus that a hundred and ten years later would afflict the famous ballplayer Clyde Livingston.
recede
pull back or move away or backward
NOTES:
For a second, Mr. Sir's pain seemed to recede .
accelerate
move faster
NOTES:
Stanley jerked back against the seat and tightly gripped the wheel as the truck accelerated .
predatory
living by preying on other animals especially by catching living prey
NOTES:
The yellow-spotted lizards like to live in holes, which offer shade from the sun and protection from predatory birds.
mirage
an optical illusion in which atmospheric refraction by a layer of hot air distorts or inverts reflections of distant objects
NOTES:
It was a mirage caused by the shimmering waves of heat rising off the dry ground.
zigzag
an angular shape characterized by sharp turns in alternating directions
NOTES:
They called themselves Magnet, Armpit, and Zigzag .
strand
a poetic term for a shore (as the area periodically covered and uncovered by the tides)
NOTES:
Instead, she robbed him and left him stranded in the middle of the desert.
nectar
a sweet liquid secretion that is attractive to pollinators
NOTES:
It was a warm, bubbly, mushy nectar , sweet and tangy.
retrieve
get or find back; recover the use of
NOTES:
By the time Stanley retrieved it, he had missed his bus and had to walk home.
pry
be nosey
NOTES:
He leaned on the shaft and pried up his first shovelful of dirt, then dumped it off to the side.
lurch
walk as if unable to control one's movements
NOTES:
The truck lurched forward.
quack
the harsh sound of a duck
NOTES:
That quack wanted to put leeches on her stomach!
scoop
the shovel or bucket of a dredge or backhoe
NOTES:
He glanced at Zero, about fifteen feet away, who scooped out a shovelful of dirt and dumped it on a pile that was already almost a foot tall.
premise
a statement that is assumed to be true and from which a conclusion can be drawn
NOTES:
Next to it was another sign which declared that it was a violation of the Texas Penal Code to bring guns, explosives, weapons, drugs, or alcohol onto the premises .
sniff
perceive by inhaling through the nose
NOTES:
He sniffed and caught his breath.
grimace
contort the face to indicate a certain mental or emotional state
NOTES:
He grimaced as he sliced off a chunk of dirt, then raised it up and flung it onto a pile.
humid
containing or characterized by a great deal of water vapor
NOTES:
The air became unbearably humid .
confuse
mistake one thing for another
NOTES:
Myra looked confused .
ingredient
a component of a mixture or compound
NOTES:
"Do you want to know my secret ingredient ?"
hover
hang in the air; fly or be suspended above
NOTES:
During the summer the daytime temperature hovers around ninety-five degrees in the shade—if you can find any shade.
venom
toxin secreted by animals; secreted by certain snakes and poisonous insects (e.g., spiders and scorpions)
NOTES:
"Rattlesnake venom ."
despicable
morally reprehensible
NOTES:
The judge called Stanley's crime despicable .
murky
(of liquids) clouded as with sediment
NOTES:
It contained almost two feet of murky water.
gruff
brusque and surly and forbidding
NOTES:
In his mind he could hear his father's gruff voice softly singing to him
"If only, if only," the woodpecker sighs,
"The bark on the tree was just a little bit softer."
distract
draw someone's attention away from something
NOTES:
"You seem distracted ."
bounce
spring back; spring away from an impact
NOTES:
He tried to jam it into the earth, but the blade banged against the ground and bounced off without making a dent.
wrench
a sharp strain on muscles or ligaments
NOTES:
"Luh— Luh-un—" Suddenly, Zero made a horrible, wrenching noise as he doubled over and grabbed his stomach.
toxic
of or relating to or caused by a toxin or poison
NOTES:
"It's only toxic while it's wet."
focusing
the concentration of attention or energy on something
NOTES:
After focusing on Big Thumb for so long, it was as if the rock had absorbed his energy and now acted like a kind of giant magnet pulling him toward it.
poke
hit hard with the hand, fist, or some heavy instrument
NOTES:
He poked his fat finger in Stanley's neck.
lizard
relatively long-bodied reptile with usually two pairs of legs and a tapering tail
NOTES:
Then he will get to spend a day or two recovering in his tent, instead of having to dig a hole out on the lake
But you don't want to be bitten by a yellow-spotted lizard .
flap
move in a wavy pattern or with a rising and falling motion
NOTES:
"Thanks," he said as Zero entered through the tent flap .
recite
repeat aloud from memory
NOTES:
He would have felt pretty silly reciting nursery rhymes at Camp Green Lake.
hazy
filled or abounding with fog or mist
NOTES:
The only time they were visible was just at sunup, before the air became hazy .
jagged
having a sharply uneven surface or outline
NOTES:
There were three dark-purple jagged lines running down his cheek where the Warden had scratched him.
spat
a quarrel about petty points
NOTES:
Madame Zeroni spat on the dirt.
discourage
try to prevent; show opposition to
NOTES:
"Not every Stanley Yelnats has been a failure," Stanley's mother often pointed out, whenever Stanley or his father became so discouraged that they actually started to believe in the curse.
exhaust
wear out completely
NOTES:
The air was thick with heat, dust, and exhaust fumes.
requirement
required activity
NOTES:
The next morning, out on the lake, Stanley listened as Mr. Sir told Twitch the requirements for his hole: ". . . as wide and as deep as your shovel."
assign
select something or someone for a specific purpose
NOTES:
The counselors slept in F.
Stanley was assigned to D tent.
sparkle
emit or produce sparks
NOTES:
Her eyes sparkled .
exclaim
utter aloud; often with surprise, horror, or joy
NOTES:
"That's preposterous!" exclaimed Igor, expelling saliva as he spoke.
relaxation
freedom from activity (work or strain or responsibility)
NOTES:
Mr. Sir told him he should wear one set to work in and one set for relaxation .
parched
dried out by heat or excessive exposure to sunlight
NOTES:
His mouth was as dry and as parched as the lake.
pierce
penetrate or cut through with a sharp instrument
NOTES:
Stanley stamped down on the back of the blade of the shovel, piercing the hard, dry earth.
tangle
twist together or entwine into a confusing mass
NOTES:
As they climbed higher, the patches of weeds grew thicker, and they had to be careful not to get their feet tangled in thorny vines.
preposterous
incongruous;inviting ridicule
NOTES:
"That's preposterous !" exclaimed Igor, expelling saliva as he spoke.
relax
make less taut
NOTES:
The muscles in his face relaxed .
scar
a mark left (usually on the skin) by the healing of injured tissue
NOTES:
It was a jagged purple line running from below his eye to below his mouth, like a tattoo of a scar .
absorb
suck or take up or in
NOTES:
Stanley watched the water splatter on the dirt, where it was quickly absorbed by the thirsty ground.
scatter
to cause to separate and go in different directions
NOTES:
He could see empty jars scattered about.
leak
enter or escape as through a hole or crack or fissure
clutch
take hold of; grab
NOTES:
Suddenly, Mr. Sir screamed and clutched his face with both hands.
adjust
alter or regulate so as to achieve accuracy or conform to a standard
NOTES:
His body had adjusted somewhat to the heat and harsh conditions.
stall
small area set off by walls for special use
NOTES:
"There's a water spigot on the wall of the shower stall ."
altitude
elevation especially above sea level or above the earth's surface
NOTES:
Instead they zigzagged back and forth, increasing their altitude by small increments every time they changed directions.
nonetheless
despite anything to the contrary (usually following a concession)
NOTES:
He knew it was nothing to be proud of, but he felt proud nonetheless .
translate
restate (words) from one language into another language
NOTES:
Elya tried his best to translate it from Latvian into English, but it wasn't the same.
whirl
the shape of something rotating rapidly
NOTES:
Theodore whirled and grabbed Stanley by his collar.
invent
come up with (an idea, plan, explanation, theory, or principle) after a mental effort
NOTES:
The apartment smelled the way it did because Stanley's father was trying to invent a way to recycle old sneakers.
challenging
requiring full use of your abilities or resources
NOTES:
Dear Mom and Dad,
Camp is hard, but challenging .
drought
a shortage of rainfall
NOTES:
The drought can't last forever.
automatically
in a mechanical manner; by a mechanism
NOTES:
He kept stepping into, then jumping back from, the spray, until the water shut off automatically .
unaware
(often followed by `of') not aware
NOTES:
Stanley weighed three times as much as the other boy Mrs. Bell wrote the ratio on the board, 3:1, unaware of how much embarrassment she had caused both of them.
quiver
shake with fast, tremulous movements
NOTES:
She pointed her quivering finger in their direction and whispered, "God will punish you!"
concentrate
make denser, stronger, or purer
NOTES:
Zero concentrated hard, then said, "Chat."
swarm
a group of many things in the air or on the ground
NOTES:
A swarm of gnats hovered around them, attracted by their sweat.
expanse
a wide and open space or area as of surface or land or sky
NOTES:
Magnet gestured with his arms to the great expanse around them.
precipice
a very steep cliff
NOTES:
As the ground flattened, a huge stone precipice rose up ahead of him, just barely visible in the moonlight.
clasp
hold firmly and tightly
NOTES:
He felt Zero's hand clasp his wrist.
surround
extend on all sides of simultaneously; encircle
NOTES:
His hole was almost up to his shoulders, although it was hard to tell exactly where ground level was because his dirt piles completely surrounded the hole.
pan
shallow container made of metal
NOTES:
It was as if they had been walking across the flat bottom of a giant frying pan , and now they had to somehow climb up out of it.
cluster
a grouping of a number of similar things
NOTES:
Zero kept backing up, out past the cluster of holes the boys had been digging, then farther and farther out onto the lake.
scratch
cut the surface of; wear away the surface of
NOTES:
There were three dark-purple jagged lines running down his cheek where the Warden had scratched him.
tangled
in a confused mass
NOTES:
As they climbed higher, the patches of weeds grew thicker, and they had to be careful not to get their feet tangled in thorny vines.
ignore
refuse to acknowledge
NOTES:
"All right!" said Mr. Pendanski, raising his hand for a high five, but Stanley ignored it.
lump
a compact mass
NOTES:
"Hey, watch it!" said an orange lump on a chair.
zero
a mathematical element that when added to another number yields the same number
NOTES:
Both Mr. Pendanski and X-Ray called him Zero .
ratio
the relation between things (or parts of things) with respect to their comparative quantity, magnitude, or degree
NOTES:
On his last day of school, his math teacher, Mrs Bell, taught ratios .
muddy
(of soil) soft and watery
NOTES:
Zero's head knocked against the back of his shoulder as he fell and tumbled into a small muddy gully.
riot
a state of disorder involving group violence
NOTES:
"There was a riot ," Mr. Pendanski told her.
frail
physically weak
NOTES:
His frail body trembled terribly as he climbed the stone wall.
gear
a toothed wheel that engages another toothed mechanism in order to change the speed or direction of transmitted motion
NOTES:
"Put it in gear !" shouted Twitch.
rotten
having decayed or disintegrated; usually implies foulness
NOTES:
It was all because of his no-good-dirty-rotten -pig-stealing-great-great-grandfather!
rub
move over something with pressure
NOTES:
Myra's father rubbed his chin.
moisture
wetness caused by water
NOTES:
He barely had enough moisture in his mouth to seal and stamp the envelope.
blossom
reproductive organ of angiosperm plants especially one having showy or colorful parts
NOTES:
"That's right, my blossom ," said her father.
expand
extend in one or more directions
NOTES:
When she looked at you, her eyes seemed to expand , and you felt like she was looking right through you.
nursery
a child's room for a baby
NOTES:
"You know, the nursery rhyme?"
obstacle
something immaterial that stands in the way and must be circumvented or surmounted
NOTES:
Other times they'd run an obstacle course, or go bungee jumping off a table, tied to broken rubber bands.
tank
a large (usually metallic) vessel for holding gases or liquids
NOTES:
Mr. Sir filled each of their canteens from a tank of water in the bed of the pickup.
weigh
have a certain weight
NOTES:
As an example, she chose the heaviest kid in the class and the lightest kid m the class, and had them weigh themselves.
layer
single thickness of usually some homogeneous substance
NOTES:
It was layered and streaked with different shades of red, burnt orange, brown, and tan.
collapse
break down, literally or metaphorically
NOTES:
As Stanley tried to turn over on his cot, he was afraid it was going to collapse under all his weight.
muscle
animal tissue consisting predominantly of contractile cells
NOTES:
Every muscle and joint in his body ached as he tried to get out of bed.
glare
be sharply reflected
NOTES:
As he glared at Mr. Pendanski, his dark eyes seemed to expand.
compound
a whole formed by a union of two or more elements or parts
NOTES:
Two boys, each carrying a shovel, were coming across the compound .
grade
a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality
NOTES:
Miss Katherine usually stayed in the schoolhouse, grading papers and such, while Sam worked on the roof.
shaft
a long rod or pole (especially the handle of an implement or the body of a weapon like a spear or arrow)
NOTES:
The vibrations ran up the shaft of the shovel and into Stanley's wrists, making his bones rattle.
adult
a fully developed person from maturity onward
NOTES:
She taught classes in the evening for adults , and many of the adults loved her as well.
meadow
a field where grass or alfalfa are grown to be made into hay
NOTES:
39
Stanley awoke in a meadow , looking up at the giant rock tower.
concentrated
gathered together or made less diffuse
NOTES:
Zero concentrated hard, then said, "Chat."
patch
a small contrasting part of something
NOTES:
Patches of weeds dotted the mountainside.
drift
be in motion due to some air or water current
NOTES:
The truck stopped, and the dust cloud drifted past it.
stare
look at with fixed eyes
NOTES:
Stanley stared up at him, terrified.
guy
an informal term for a youth or man
NOTES:
"You're a good guy , Caveman."
survive
continue in existence after (an adversity, etc.)
NOTES:
"He was lucky to have survived ," Stanley's mother was quick to point out.
desolate
providing no shelter or sustenance
NOTES:
The land was barren and desolate .
urge
force or impel in an indicated direction
NOTES:
"We don't have much time!" urged Katherine.
amazed
filled with the emotional impact of overwhelming surprise or shock
NOTES:
"No."
Stanley was amazed .
initial
occurring at the beginning
NOTES:
It was full of bumps and holes because so many people had carved their initials into the felt.
barren
completely wanting or lacking
NOTES:
The land was barren and desolate.
remind
put in the mind of someone
NOTES:
The lake was so full of holes and mounds that it reminded Stanley of pictures he'd seen of the moon.
warn
notify of danger, potential harm, or risk
NOTES:
Madame Zeroni warned that if he failed to do this, he and his descendants would be doomed for all of eternity.
tube
a hollow cylindrical shape
NOTES:
It was a gold tube , about as long and as wide as the second finger on his right hand.
convince
make (someone) agree, understand, or realize the truth or validity of something
NOTES:
Though he tried to convince himself otherwise, he'd been aware for a while that his piles of dirt were too close to his hole.
peak
a V shape
NOTES:
In that split second Stanley thought he saw an unusual rock formation on top of one of the mountain peaks .
outline
the line that appears to bound an object
NOTES:
He rubbed off some dirt, and the outline of the fish became clearer.
definitely
without question and beyond doubt
NOTES:
They were definitely looking for something.
boil
come to the boiling point and change from a liquid to vapor
NOTES:
There were no mirrors in camp, but he imagined he looked like he had a hard-boiled egg sticking out of him.
leap
move forward by leaps and bounds
NOTES:
They have strong, powerful legs, and can leap out of very deep holes to attack their prey.
fan
a device for creating a current of air by movement of a surface or surfaces
NOTES:
There was a hole in the far wall, and an electric fan had been placed in front of it.
reflect
to throw or bend back (from a surface)
NOTES:
The bright sun reflected off the side mirror of the truck, and Stanley had to shield his eyes with his hand.
lap
the upper side of the thighs of a seated person
NOTES:
3
Stanley Yelnats was the only passenger on the bus, not counting the driver or the guard The guard sat next to the driver with his seat turned around facing Stanley A rifle lay across his lap
Stanley was sitting about ten rows back, handcuffed to his armrest His backpack lay on the seat next to him It contained his toothbrush, toothpaste, and a box of stationery his mother had given him He'd promised to write to her at least once a week.
complain
express complaints, discontent, displeasure, or unhappiness
NOTES:
Theodore spit a thin line of saliva between his teeth, causing some of the other boys to complain about the need to keep their "home" sanitary.
introduce
bring something new to an environment
NOTES:
He told the boys to come shake Stanley's hand and introduce themselves, "like gentlemen."
appreciate
be fully aware of; realize fully
NOTES:
And as the truck bounced along the dirt, he was able to appreciate the air blowing through the open window onto his hot and sweaty face.
foul
highly offensive; arousing aversion or disgust
NOTES:
Even if she didn't love him, couldn't she see what a foul person Igor was?