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first-come-first-serve
not accepting reservations
-
gold rush
a large migration of people to a newly discovered gold field
-
forty-niner
a miner who took part in the California gold rush in 1849
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niner
the cardinal number that is the sum of eight and one
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Rush
physician and American Revolutionary leader; signer of the Declaration of Independence (1745-1813)
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placer mining
mining valuable minerals from a placer by washing or dredging
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abandoned ship
a ship abandoned on the high seas
-
tailrace
a watercourse that carries water away from a mill or water wheel or turbine
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prefabricate
produce synthetically, artificially, or stereotypically and unoriginally
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goldfields
small slender woolly annual with very narrow opposite leaves and branches bearing solitary golden-yellow flower heads; southwestern Oregon to Baja California and Arizona; often cultivated
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gold-bearing
containing gold
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California
a state in the western United States on the Pacific; the 3rd largest state; known for earthquakes
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gold
a soft yellow malleable ductile (trivalent and univalent) metallic element; occurs mainly as nuggets in rocks and alluvial deposits; does not react with most chemicals but is attacked by chlorine and aqua regia
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goldfield
a district where gold is mined
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James Polk
11th President of the United States; his expansionism led to the Mexican War and the annexation of California and much of the southwest (1795-1849)
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eighter
the cardinal number that is the sum of seven and one
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groundbreaking ceremony
the ceremonial breaking of the ground to formally begin a construction project
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sea floor
the bottom of a sea or ocean
-
arriver
someone who arrives (or has arrived)
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prospector
someone who explores an area for mineral deposits
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placer
an alluvial deposit that contains particles of some valuable mineral
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dot-com
a company that operates its business primarily on the internet using a URL that ends in `.com'
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mining
the act of extracting ores or coal etc from the earth
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Isthmus of Panama
the isthmus that connects Central America and South America; was formerly called the Isthmus of Darien
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Mexican-American
a Mexican (or person of Mexican descent) living in the United States
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movie maker
a producer of motion pictures
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miner
laborer who works in a mine
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western United States
the region of the United States lying to the west of the Mississippi River
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preemption
the right to purchase something in advance of others
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seeker
someone making a search or inquiry
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magma
molten rock in the earth's crust
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Genova
a seaport in northwestern Italy; provincial capital of Liguria
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vigilantism
the actions of a vigilance committee in trying to enforce the laws
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licensing fee
a fee paid to the government for the privilege of being licensed to do something (as selling liquor or practicing medicine)
-
Trinity River
a river in eastern Texas that is formed near Dallas and flows generally southeastward to Galveston Bay
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argonaut
someone engaged in a dangerous but potentially rewarding adventure
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hydraulic
moved or operated or effected by liquid (water or oil)
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ghost town
a deserted settlement (especially in western United States)
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ethnicity
an ethnic quality or affiliation resulting from racial or cultural ties
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separate out
remove by passing through a filter
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East Coast
the eastern seaboard of the United States (especially the strip between Boston and Washington D.C.)
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steamship
a ship powered by one or more steam engines
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steamship company
a line responsible for the operation of a fleet of steamships
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San Francisco
a port in western California near the Golden Gate that is one of the major industrial and transportation centers; it has one of the world's finest harbors; site of the Golden Gate Bridge
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river bottom
a channel occupied (or formerly occupied) by a river
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gravel
rock fragments and pebbles
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February 2
if the ground hog emerges and sees his shadow on this day, there will be 6 more weeks of winter
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Sonora
ground snakes
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paper currency
currency issued by a government or central bank and consisting of printed paper that can circulate as a substitute for specie
-
Sacramento River
a river in northern California rising near Mount Shasta and flowing south to the San Francisco Bay
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eastern United States
the region of the United States lying to the north of the Ohio River and to the east of the Mississippi River
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tectonic
pertaining to the structure or movement of the earth's crust
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Shasta
a member of the Indian people of northern California and southern Oregon
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gold fever
greed and the contagious excitement of a gold rush
-
Sacramento
a city in north central California 75 miles to the northeast of San Francisco on the Sacramento River; capital of California
-
newspaper publisher
the proprietor of a newspaper
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arrive
reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress
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immigrant
a person who comes to a country where they were not born in order to settle there
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Sierra Nevada
a mountain range in southern Spain along the Mediterranean coast to the east of Granada
-
riverbed
a channel occupied (or formerly occupied) by a river
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retrieve
get or find back; recover the use of
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isthmus
a relatively narrow strip of land (with water on both sides) connecting two larger land areas
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gaming house
a public building in which a variety of games of chance can be played (operated as a business)
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Veracruz
a major Mexican port on the Gulf of Mexico in the state of Veracruz
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mother lode
the main vein of ore in a deposit
-
1850s
the decade from 1850 to 1859
-
Native American
of or pertaining to American Indians or their culture or languages
-
license fee
a fee paid to the government for the privilege of being licensed to do something (as selling liquor or practicing medicine)
-
approximately
(of quantities) imprecise but fairly close to correct
-
property right
the legal right of ownership
-
overland
traveling or passing over land
-
sailing boat
a small sailing vessel; usually with a single mast
-
pay dirt
ore that yields a substantial profit to the miner
-
downstream
in the direction of a stream's current
-
Golden State
a state in the western United States on the Pacific; the 3rd largest state; known for earthquakes
-
present-day
belonging to the present time
-
Mexican
of or relating to Mexico or its inhabitants
-
mine
excavation in the earth from which ores and minerals are extracted
-
military control
the control of a country by military forces of a foreign power
-
dredge
a power shovel to remove material from a channel or riverbed
-
diggings
an excavation for ore or precious stones or for archaeology
-
growing pains
emotional distress arising during adolescence
-
state highway
a broad highway designed for high-speed traffic
-
silt
mud or clay or small rocks deposited by a river or lake
-
quartz
a hard glossy mineral consisting of silicon dioxide in crystal form; present in most rocks (especially sandstone and granite); yellow sand is quartz with iron oxide impurities
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1890s
the decade from 1890 to 1899
-
land grant
a grant of public land (as to a railway or college)
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fend for
argue or speak in defense of
-
boardinghouse
a private house that provides accommodations and meals for paying guests
-
landfill
a low area that has been filled in
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sluice
conduit that carries a rapid flow of water controlled by a sluicegate
-
1880s
the decade from 1880 to 1889
-
Panama
a republic on the Isthmus of Panama; achieved independence from Colombia in 1903
-
business district
the central area or commercial center of a town or city
-
plant life
(botany) a living organism lacking the power of locomotion
-
United States government
the executive and legislative and judicial branches of the federal government of the United States
-
nautical mile
a unit of length used in navigation; exactly 1,852 meters; historically based on the distance spanned by one minute of arc in latitude
-
groundbreaking
the ceremonial breaking of the ground to formally begin a construction project
-
rough-and-ready
crude but effective for the purpose at hand
-
alertly
in mentally perceptive and responsive way
-
place name
the name by which a geographical place is known
-
Marshall
United States actor (1914-1998)
-
geologic
of or relating to or based on geology
-
forty
the cardinal number that is the product of ten and four
-
recover
regain or make up for
-
well-preserved
used of older persons who are healthy
-
heavy metal
a metal of relatively high density (specific gravity greater than about 5) or of high relative atomic weight (especially one that is poisonous like mercury or lead)
-
sandbar
a bar of sand
-
gambling house
a public building in which a variety of games of chance can be played (operated as a business)
-
estimate
judge tentatively or form an estimate of (quantities or time)
-
covered wagon
a large wagon with broad wheels and an arched canvas top; used by the United States pioneers to cross the prairies in the 19th century
-
long tom
a long swivel cannon formerly used by the navy
-
foothill
a relatively low hill on the lower slope of a mountain
-
business enterprise
the activity of providing goods and services involving financial and commercial and industrial aspects
-
American Dream
the widespread aspiration of Americans to live better than their parents did
-
merchant
a businessperson engaged in retail trade
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erode
remove soil or rock
-
squatter
someone who settles on land without right or title
-
typically
in a typical manner
-
final stage
the concluding parts of an event or occurrence
-
Bret Harte
United States writer noted for his stories about life during the California gold rush (1836-1902)
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claim
assert or affirm strongly; state to be true or existing
-
inventiveness
the power of creative imagination
-
pollutant
waste matter that contaminates the water or air or soil
-
crime rate
the ratio of crimes in an area to the population of that area; expressed per 1000 population per year
-
solidified
changed into a solid mass
-
Nevada
a state in the southwestern United States
-
byproduct
a secondary and sometimes unexpected consequence
-
Taoist
of or relating to the philosophical system developed by Lao-tzu and Chuang-tzu advocating a simple honest life
-
Chile
a republic in southern South America on the western slopes of the Andes on the south Pacific coast
-
locally
by a particular locality
-
banknote
a piece of paper money (especially one issued by a central bank)
-
sierra
a range of mountains (usually with jagged peaks and irregular outline)
-
oriented
adjusted or located in relation to surroundings or circumstances; sometimes used in combination
-
mining company
a company that owns and manages mines
-
United States
North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776
-
collaborate
work together on a common enterprise of project
-
native
belonging to one by birth
-
enslavement
the act of making slaves of your captives
-
substantial
having substance or capable of being treated as fact; not imaginary
-
accessible
capable of being reached
-
rockers
originally a British youth subculture that evolved out of the teddy boys in the 1960s; wore black leather jackets and jeans and boots; had greased hair and rode motorcycles and listened to rock'n'roll; were largely unskilled manual laborers
-
bedrock
solid unweathered rock lying beneath surface deposits of soil
-
entrepreneur
someone who organizes a business venture and assumes the risk for it
-
digging
the act of digging
-
influx
the process of flowing in
-
Eureka
a town in northwest California on an arm of the Pacific Ocean
-
football league
a league of football teams
-
U.S. Congress
the legislature of the United States government
-
colonization
the act of colonizing; the establishment of colonies
-
Sandwich Islands
a group of volcanic and coral islands in the central Pacific
-
sailing
the work of a sailor
-
high-pressure
aggressively and persistently persuasive
-
world-class
ranking above all others
-
eroded
worn away as by water or ice or wind
-
orient
the hemisphere that includes Eurasia and Africa and Australia
-
backwater
a body of water that was created by a flood or tide or by being held or forced back by a dam
-
Carolinas
the area of the states of North Carolina and South Carolina
-
environmental
of or relating to the external conditions or surroundings
-
united
characterized by unity; being or joined into a single entity
-
state
the way something is with respect to its main attributes
-
recovered
freed from illness or injury
-
boom
a deep prolonged loud noise
-
indelibly
in an indelible manner
-
ship
a vessel that carries passengers or freight
-
economically
in an economical manner
-
cholera
an acute intestinal infection caused by ingestion of contaminated water or food
-
encompassing
closely encircling
-
typhoid fever
serious infection marked by intestinal inflammation and ulceration; caused by Salmonella typhosa ingested with food or water
-
on average
typically
-
include
have as a part, be made up out of
-
abandoned
forsaken by owner or inhabitants
-
locale
the scene of any event or action (especially the place of a meeting)
-
route
an established line of travel or access
-
violent death
an event that causes someone to die
-
jackass
a man who is a stupid incompetent fool
-
Chinese
of or pertaining to China or its peoples or cultures
-
wealthy man
a man who is wealthy
-
Mexico
a republic in southern North America; became independent from Spain in 1810
-
take five
take a break for five minutes
-
calamitous
(of events) having extremely unfortunate or dire consequences; bringing ruin
-
arbitrator
someone chosen to judge and decide a disputed issue
-
primarily
for the most part
-
discovery
the act of discovering something
-
solidify
become solid