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Obama's State of the Union Address 649 words

Words from President Obama's State of the Union Address, Jan. 27, 2010.

Speech transcript:
http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/remarks-president-state-union-address

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0% Mastered %
  1. root canal
    the passage in the root of a tooth through which its nerve and blood vessels enter the pulp cavity
    It was about as popular as a root canal.
  2. scorekeeper
    an official who records the score during the progress of a game
    And according to the Congressional Budget Office -- the independent organization that both parties have cited as the official scorekeeper for Congress -- our approach would bring down the deficit by as much as $1 trillion over the next two deca
  3. Islamic Republic of Iran
    a theocratic Islamic republic in the Middle East in western Asia; Iran was the core of the ancient empire that was known as Persia until 1935; rich in oil
    That's why the international community is more united, and the Islamic Republic of Iran is more isolated.
  4. work shift
    the time period during which you are at work
    Talk to the small business in Phoenix that will triple its workforce because of the Recovery Act. Talk to the window manufacturer in Philadelphia who said he used to be skeptical about the Recovery Act, until he had to add two more work shifts just
  5. take office
    assume an office, duty, or title
    One year ago, I took office amid two wars, an economy rocked by a severe recession, a financial system on the verge of collapse, and a government deeply in debt.
  6. health care
    the preservation of mental and physical health by preventing or treating illness through services offered by the health profession
    We can't afford another so-called economic "expansion" like the one from the last decade -- what some call the "lost decade" -- where jobs grew more slowly than during any prior expansion; where the income of the average American household declined while
  7. horse-trade
    negotiate with much give and take
    And I know that with all the lobbying and horse-trading, the process left most Americans wondering, "What's in it for me?"
  8. bioterrorism
    terrorism using the weapons of biological warfare
    And we are launching a new initiative that will give us the capacity to respond faster and more effectively to bioterrorism or an infectious disease -- a plan that will counter threats at home and strengthen public health abroad.
  9. deficit
    the property of being an amount by which something is less than expected or required
    And according to the Congressional Budget Office -- the independent organization that both parties have cited as the official scorekeeper for Congress -- our approach would bring down the deficit by as much as $1 trillion over the next two decades.
  10. litigate
    engage in legal proceedings
    We can argue all we want about who's to blame for this, but I'm not interested in re-litigating the past.
  11. trillion
    the number that is represented as a one followed by 12 zeros
    And according to the Congressional Budget Office -- the independent organization that both parties have cited as the official scorekeeper for Congress -- our approach would bring down the deficit by as much as $1 trillion over the next two decades.
  12. tax credit
    a direct reduction in tax liability (not dependent on the taxpayer's tax bracket)
    I'm also proposing a new small business tax credit -- one that will go to over one million small businesses who hire new workers or raise wages.
  13. lobbyist
    someone who is employed to persuade legislators to vote for legislation that favors the lobbyist's employer
    And the lobbyists are trying to kill it.
  14. values
    beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something)
    Home values have declined.
  15. responder
    someone who responds
    Tens of thousands are cops, firefighters, correctional officers, first responders.
  16. preexisting
    existing previously or before something
    I took on health care because of the stories I've heard from Americans with preexisting conditions whose lives depend on getting coverage; patients who've been denied coverage; families -- even those with insurance -- who are just one illness away
  17. uninsured
    not covered by insurance
    It would give small businesses and uninsured Americans a chance to choose an affordable health care plan in a competitive market.
  18. affordable
    that you have the financial means for
    To make college more affordable, this bill will finally end the unwarranted taxpayer subsidies that go to banks for student loans.
  19. well-qualified
    more than adequately qualified
    The confirmation of well-qualified public servants shouldn't be held hostage to the pet projects or grudges of a few individual senators.
  20. tax cut
    the act of reducing taxation
    That's why we extended or increased unemployment benefits for more than 18 million Americans; made health insurance 65 percent cheaper for families who get their coverage through COBRA; and passed 25 different tax cuts.
  21. Doha
    the capital and chief port of Qatar
    And that's why we'll continue to shape a Doha trade agreement that opens global markets, and why we will strengthen our trade relations in Asia and with key partners like South Korea and Panama and Colombia.
  22. solar cell
    a cell that converts solar energy into electrical energy
    Last year, we made the largest investment in basic research funding in history -- (applause) -- an investment that could lead to the world's cheapest solar cells or treatment that kills cancer cells but leaves healthy ones untouched.
  23. preexist
    exist beforehand or prior to a certain point in time
    I took on health care because of the stories I've heard from Americans with preexisting conditions whose lives depend on getting coverage; patients who've been denied coverage; families -- even those with insurance -- who are just one illness away
  24. retirement fund
    a monthly payment made to someone who is retired from work
    Retirement funds have started to gain back some of their value.
  25. Arabian Peninsula
    a peninsula between the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf; strategically important for its oil resources
    We've prohibited torture and strengthened partnerships from the Pacific to South Asia to the Arabian Peninsula.
  26. job
    a specific piece of work required to be done as a duty or for a specific fee
    The aspirations they hold are shared: a job that pays the bills; a chance to get ahead; most of all, the ability to give their children a better life.
  27. highway system
    a transportation system consisting of roads for motor transport
    From the first railroads to the Interstate Highway System, our nation has always been built to compete.
  28. health insurance
    insurance against loss due to ill health
    That's why we extended or increased unemployment benefits for more than 18 million Americans; made health insurance 65 percent cheaper for families who get their coverage through COBRA; and passed 25 different tax cuts.
  29. retirement account
    a plan for setting aside money to be spent after retirement
    That's why we're nearly doubling the child care tax credit, and making it easier to save for retirement by giving access to every worker a retirement account and expanding the tax credit for those who start a nest egg.
  30. earmark
    give or assign a resource to a particular person or cause
    I'm also calling on Congress to continue down the path of earmark reform.
  31. decade
    the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system
    This recession has also compounded the burdens that America's families have been dealing with for decades -- the burden of working harder and longer for less; of being unable to save enough to retire or help kids with college.
  32. stabilized
    made stable or firm
    And as a result, the markets are now stabilized, and we've recovered most of the money we spent on the banks.
  33. status quo
    the existing state of affairs
    Instead of funding the status quo, we only invest in reform -- reform that raises student achievement; inspires students to excel in math and science; and turns around failing schools that steal the future of too many young Americans, from rural co
  34. investment
    the act of investing; laying out money or capital in an enterprise with the expectation of profit
    While we're at it, let's also eliminate all capital gains taxes on small business investment, and provide a tax incentive for all large businesses and all small businesses to invest in new plants and equipment.
  35. bring down
    move something or somebody to a lower position
    But that can only happen if we guard against the same recklessness that nearly brought down our entire economy.
  36. capital gains tax
    a tax on capital gains
    While we're at it, let's also eliminate all capital gains taxes on small business investment, and provide a tax incentive for all large businesses and all small businesses to invest in new plants and equipment.
  37. interstate highway
    one of the system of highways linking major cities in the 48 contiguous states of the United States
    From the first railroads to the Interstate Highway System, our nation has always been built to compete.
  38. refinance
    renew the financing of
    This year, we will step up refinancing so that homeowners can move into more affordable mortgages.
  39. outsized
    larger than normal for its kind
    To close that credibility gap we have to take action on both ends of Pennsylvania Avenue -- to end the outsized influence of lobbyists; to do our work openly; to give our people the government they deserve.
  40. tax
    charge against a citizen's person or property or activity for the support of government
    That's why we extended or increased unemployment benefits for more than 18 million Americans; made health insurance 65 percent cheaper for families who get their coverage through COBRA; and passed 25 different tax cuts.
  41. United States of America
    North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776
    And to encourage these and other businesses to stay within our borders, it is time to finally slash the tax breaks for companies that ship our jobs overseas, and give those tax breaks to companies that create jobs right here in the United States of Ame
  42. firefighter
    a member of a fire department who tries to extinguish fires
    Tens of thousands are cops, firefighters, correctional officers, first responders.
  43. economy
    the system of production and distribution and consumption
    One year ago, I took office amid two wars, an economy rocked by a severe recession, a financial system on the verge of collapse, and a government deeply in debt.
  44. America
    North America and South America and Central America
    It's tempting to look back on these moments and assume that our progress was inevitable -- that America was always destined to succeed.
  45. federal office
    a department of the federal government of the United States
    It's time to put strict limits on the contributions that lobbyists give to candidates for federal office.
  46. create
    bring into existence
    So I supported the last administration's efforts to create the financial rescue program.
  47. recession
    the act of ceding back
    One year ago, I took office amid two wars, an economy rocked by a severe recession, a financial system on the verge of collapse, and a government deeply in debt.
  48. someplace
    in or at or to some place
    And it lives on in all the Americans who've dropped everything to go someplace they've never been and pull people they've never known from the rubble, prompting chants of "U.S.A.! U.S.A.! U.S.A!" when another life was saved.
  49. tax break
    a tax deduction that is granted in order to encourage a particular type of commercial activity
    And to encourage these and other businesses to stay within our borders, it is time to finally slash the tax breaks for companies that ship our jobs overseas, and give those tax breaks to companies that create jobs right here in the United States of
  50. shore up
    support by placing against something solid or rigid
    Our most urgent task upon taking office was to shore up the same banks that helped cause this crisis.
  51. destine
    decree or designate beforehand
    It's tempting to look back on these moments and assume that our progress was inevitable -- that America was always destined to succeed.
  52. secondary education
    education beyond the elementary grades; provided by a high school or college preparatory school
    When we renew the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, we will work with Congress to expand these reforms to all 50 states.
  53. responsibly
    in a responsible manner
    As we take the fight to al Qaeda, we are responsibly leaving Iraq to its people.
  54. workforce
    the force of workers available
    Talk to the small business in Phoenix that will triple its workforce because of the Recovery Act. Talk to the window manufacturer in Philadelphia who said he used to be skeptical about the Recovery Act, until he had to add two more work shifts just
  55. solar panel
    electrical device consisting of a large array of connected solar cells
    You can see the results of last year's investments in clean energy -- in the North Carolina company that will create 1,200 jobs nationwide helping to make advanced batteries; or in the California business that will put a thousand people to work making
  56. setback
    an unfortunate happening that hinders or impedes; something that is thwarting or frustrating
    Our administration has had some political setbacks this year, and some of them were deserved.
  57. recovery
    return to an original state
    The plan that has made all of this possible, from the tax cuts to the jobs, is the Recovery Act. (Applause.)
  58. stabilize
    support or hold steady and make steadfast, with or as if with a brace
    And as a result, the markets are now stabilized, and we've recovered most of the money we spent on the banks.
  59. order of business
    a list of matters to be taken up (as at a meeting)
    As the first order of business this year, I urge the Senate to do the same, and I know they will.
  60. little league
    a commercially sponsored baseball league for players between 8 and 12 years of age
    They're coaching Little League and helping their neighbors.
  61. Medicaid
    health care for the needy; a federally and state-funded program
    Spending related to our national security, Medicare, Medicaid, and Social Security will not be affected.
  62. reform
    make changes for improvement in order to remove abuse and injustices
    Now, one place to start is serious financial reform.
  63. financial
    involving financial matters
    One year ago, I took office amid two wars, an economy rocked by a severe recession, a financial system on the verge of collapse, and a government deeply in debt.
  64. laughter
    the activity of laughing; the manifestation of joy or mirth or scorn
    (Laughter.)
  65. make clean
    make clean by removing dirt, filth, or unwanted substances from
    And, yes, it means passing a comprehensive energy and climate bill with incentives that will finally make clean energy the profitable kind of energy in America.
  66. energy
    forceful exertion
    Two hundred thousand work in construction and clean energy; 300,000 are teachers and other education workers.
  67. sound bite
    a very short speech; usually on radio or television
    The more that TV pundits reduce serious debates to silly arguments, big issues into sound bites, our citizens turn away.
  68. contentious
    inclined or showing an inclination to dispute or disagree, even to engage in law suits
    From the day I took office, I've been told that addressing our larger challenges is too ambitious; such an effort would be too contentious.
  69. nest egg
    a fund of money put by as a reserve
    That's why we're nearly doubling the child care tax credit, and making it easier to save for retirement by giving access to every worker a retirement account and expanding the tax credit for those who start a nest egg.
  70. schoolyard
    the yard associated with a school
    So let's put aside the schoolyard taunts about who's tough.
  71. insurance
    protection against future loss
    That's why we extended or increased unemployment benefits for more than 18 million Americans; made health insurance 65 percent cheaper for families who get their coverage through COBRA; and passed 25 different tax cuts.
  72. correctional
    concerned with or providing correction
    Tens of thousands are cops, firefighters, correctional officers, first responders.
  73. middle-class
    occupying a socioeconomic position intermediate between those of the lower classes and the wealthy
    We need to make sure consumers and middle-class families have the information they need to make financial decisions.
  74. business
    the principal activity in your life that you do to earn money
    Many businesses have shuttered.
  75. revitalize
    give new life or vigor to
    That's why I urge the Senate to follow the House and pass a bill that will revitalize our community colleges, which are a career pathway to the children of so many working families.
  76. Medicare
    health care for the aged; a federally administered system of health insurance available to persons aged 65 and over
    But if anyone from either party has a better approach that will bring down premiums, bring down the deficit, cover the uninsured, strengthen Medicare for seniors, and stop insurance company abuses, let me know.
  77. floodgate
    regulator consisting of a valve or gate that controls the rate of water flow through a sluice
    With all due deference to separation of powers, last week the Supreme Court reversed a century of law that I believe will open the floodgates for special interests -- including foreign corporations -- to spend without limit in our elections.
  78. enshrine
    enclose in a shrine
    We find unity in our incredible diversity, drawing on the promise enshrined in our Constitution: the notion that we're all created equal; that no matter who you are or what you look like, if you abide by the law you should be protected by it; if yo
  79. Allentown
    a city in eastern Pennsylvania; an industrial and commercial center
    But when you talk to small businessowners in places like Allentown, Pennsylvania, or Elyria, Ohio, you find out that even though banks on Wall Street are lending again, they're mostly lending to bigger companies.
  80. meaningful
    having a meaning or purpose
    But understand -- understand if we don't take meaningful steps to rein in our debt, it could damage our markets, increase the cost of borrowing, and jeopardize our recovery -- all of which would have an even worse effect on our job growth and famil
  81. community college
    a nonresidential junior college offering a curriculum fitted to the needs of the community
    That's why I urge the Senate to follow the House and pass a bill that will revitalize our community colleges, which are a career pathway to the children of so many working families.
  82. incentive
    a positive motivational influence
    While we're at it, let's also eliminate all capital gains taxes on small business investment, and provide a tax incentive for all large businesses and all small businesses to invest in new plants and equipment.
  83. frustrate
    hinder or prevent (the efforts, plans, or desires) of
    Some are frustrated; some are angry.
  84. prescription drug
    a drug that is available only with written instructions from a doctor or dentist to a pharmacist
    Most of this was the result of not paying for two wars, two tax cuts, and an expensive prescription drug program.
  85. coverage
    the extent to which something is covered
    That's why we extended or increased unemployment benefits for more than 18 million Americans; made health insurance 65 percent cheaper for families who get their coverage through COBRA; and passed 25 different tax cuts.
  86. bipartisan
    supported by both sides
    And this year I'm eager to help advance the bipartisan effort in the Senate.
  87. solve
    find the solution to (a problem or question) or understand the meaning of
    They don't understand why it seems like bad behavior on Wall Street is rewarded, but hard work on Main Street isn't; or why Washington has been unable or unwilling to solve any of our problems.
  88. bankroll
    a roll of currency notes (often taken as the resources of a person or business etc.)
    I don't think American elections should be bankrolled by America's most powerful interests, or worse, by foreign entities.
  89. resilience
    the physical property of a material that can return to its original shape or position after deformation that does not exceed its elastic limit
    They share a stubborn resilience in the face of adversity.
  90. infrastructure
    the basic structure or features of a system or organization
    Next, we can put Americans to work today building the infrastructure of tomorrow.
  91. climate change
    a change in the world's climate
    I know that there are those who disagree with the overwhelming scientific evidence on climate change.
  92. work through
    apply thoroughly; think through
    And what the American people hope -- what they deserve -- is for all of us, Democrats and Republicans, to work through our differences; to overcome the numbing weight of our politics.
  93. public trust
    a trust created for charitable or religious or educational or scientific purposes
    But restoring the public trust demands more.
  94. clean
    free from dirt or impurities; or having clean habits
    Two hundred thousand work in construction and clean energy; 300,000 are teachers and other education workers.
  95. inner city
    the older and more populated and (usually) poorer central section of a city
    Instead of funding the status quo, we only invest in reform -- reform that raises student achievement; inspires students to excel in math and science; and turns around failing schools that steal the future of too many young Americans, from rural communiti
  96. security
    the state of being free from danger or injury
    To help meet this goal, we're launching a National Export Initiative that will help farmers and small businesses increase their exports, and reform export controls consistent with national security.
  97. cancer cell
    a cell that is part of a malignant tumor
    Last year, we made the largest investment in basic research funding in history -- (applause) -- an investment that could lead to the world's cheapest solar cells or treatment that kills cancer cells but leaves healthy ones untouched.
  98. resilient
    recovering readily from adversity, depression, or the like
    We are resilient.
  99. value
    the quality (positive or negative) that renders something desirable or valuable
    Home values have declined.
  100. year
    the period of time that it takes for a planet (as, e.g., Earth or Mars) to make a complete revolution around the sun
    For 220 years, our leaders have fulfilled this duty.
  101. child care
    a service involving care for other people's children
    That's why we're nearly doubling the child care tax credit, and making it easier to save for retirement by giving access to every worker a retirement account and expanding the tax credit for those who start a nest egg.
  102. strengthen
    make strong or stronger
    And that's why we'll continue to shape a Doha trade agreement that opens global markets, and why we will strengthen our trade relations in Asia and with key partners like South Korea and Panama and Colombia.
  103. launching
    the act of propelling with force
    To help meet this goal, we're launching a National Export Initiative that will help farmers and small businesses increase their exports, and reform export controls consistent with national security.
  104. enforce
    compel to behave in a certain way
    But realizing those benefits also means enforcing those agreements so our trading partners play by the rules.
  105. aggressively
    in an aggressive manner
    So we acted -- immediately and aggressively.
  106. will
    the capability of conscious choice and decision and intention
    The toughest to read are those written by children -- asking why they have to move from their home, asking when their mom or dad will be able to go back to work.
  107. pettiness
    the quality of being unimportant and petty or frivolous
    They're tired of the partisanship and the shouting and the pettiness.
  108. meltdown
    severe overheating of the core of a nuclear reactor resulting in the core melting and radiation escaping
    And if we had allowed the meltdown of the financial system, unemployment might be double what it is today.
  109. why
    the cause or intention underlying an action or situation, especially in the phrase `the whys and wherefores'
    The toughest to read are those written by children -- asking why they have to move from their home, asking when their mom or dad will be able to go back to work.
  110. nation
    a politically organized body of people under a single government
    And despite all our divisions and disagreements, our hesitations and our fears, America prevailed because we chose to move forward as one nation, as one people.
  111. need
    have need of
    But if these firms can afford to hand out big bonuses again, they can afford a modest fee to pay back the taxpayers who rescued them in their time of need.
  112. full employment
    the economic condition when everyone who wishes to work at the going wage rate for their type of labor is employed
    The only way to move to full employment is to lay a new foundation for long-term economic growth, and finally address the problems that America's families have confronted for years.
  113. invest
    make an investment
    Businesses are beginning to invest again, and slowly some are starting to hire again.
  114. eliminate
    terminate, end, or take out
    While we're at it, let's also eliminate all capital gains taxes on small business investment, and provide a tax incentive for all large businesses and all small businesses to invest in new plants and equipment.
  115. forge
    create by hammering
    Let's leave behind the fear and division, and do what it takes to defend our nation and forge a more hopeful future -- for America and for the world.
  116. continue
    keep or maintain in unaltered condition; cause to remain or last
    It means continued investment in advanced biofuels and clean coal technologies.
  117. premium
    a prize, bonus, or award given as an inducement to purchase products, enter competitions initiated by business interests, etc.
    It would reduce costs and premiums for millions of families and businesses.
  118. U.S.A.
    North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776
    And it lives on in all the Americans who've dropped everything to go someplace they've never been and pull people they've never known from the rubble, prompting chants of "U.S.A.! U.S.A.! U.S.A!" when another life was saved.
  119. entrepreneur
    someone who organizes a business venture and assumes the risk for it
    We should start where most new jobs do -- in small businesses, companies that begin when -- (applause) -- companies that begin when an entrepreneur -- when an entrepreneur takes a chance on a dream, or a worker decides it's time she became her own
  120. help
    give help or assistance; be of service
    This recession has also compounded the burdens that America's families have been dealing with for decades -- the burden of working harder and longer for less; of being unable to save enough to retire or help kids with college.
  121. decency
    the quality of conforming to standards of propriety and morality
    It's because of this spirit -- this great decency and great strength -- that I have never been more hopeful about America's future than I am tonight.
  122. tranquility
    an untroubled state; free from disturbances
    They've done so during periods of prosperity and tranquility.
  123. people
    (plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively
    And despite all our divisions and disagreements, our hesitations and our fears, America prevailed because we chose to move forward as one nation, as one people.
  124. math
    a science (or group of related sciences) dealing with the logic of quantity and shape and arrangement
    They're putting more emphasis on math and science.
  125. Wall Street
    a street in lower Manhattan where the New York Stock Exchange is located; symbol of American finance
    They don't understand why it seems like bad behavior on Wall Street is rewarded, but hard work on Main Street isn't; or why Washington has been unable or unwilling to solve any of our problems.
  126. family
    primary social group; parents and children
    This recession has also compounded the burdens that America's families have been dealing with for decades -- the burden of working harder and longer for less; of being unable to save enough to retire or help kids with college.
  127. bill
    an itemized statement of money owed for goods shipped or services rendered
    The aspirations they hold are shared: a job that pays the bills; a chance to get ahead; most of all, the ability to give their children a better life.
  128. Haiti
    an island in the West Indies
    That's why, as we meet here tonight, over 10,000 Americans are working with many nations to help the people of Haiti recover and rebuild.
  129. posturing
    adopting a vain conceited posture
    It's a challenge that makes all others that much harder to solve, and one that's been subject to a lot of political posturing.
  130. infectious disease
    a disease transmitted only by a specific kind of contact
    And we are launching a new initiative that will give us the capacity to respond faster and more effectively to bioterrorism or an infectious disease -- a plan that will counter threats at home and strengthen public health abroad.
  131. dime
    a United States coin worth one tenth of a dollar
    And we haven't raised income taxes by a single dime on a single person.
  132. world-class
    ranking above all others
    In the 21st century, the best anti-poverty program around is a world-class education.
  133. health
    the general condition of body and mind
    That's why we extended or increased unemployment benefits for more than 18 million Americans; made health insurance 65 percent cheaper for families who get their coverage through COBRA; and passed 25 different tax cuts.
  134. hurting
    a symptom of some physical hurt or disorder
    They're hurting.
  135. innovation
    the act of starting something for the first time; introducing something new
    Next, we need to encourage American innovation.
  136. percent
    a proportion in relation to a whole (which is usually the amount per hundred)
    That's why we extended or increased unemployment benefits for more than 18 million Americans; made health insurance 65 percent cheaper for families who get their coverage through COBRA; and passed 25 different tax cuts.
  137. numbing
    causing numbness or insensitivity
    And what the American people hope -- what they deserve -- is for all of us, Democrats and Republicans, to work through our differences; to overcome the numbing weight of our politics.
  138. unafraid
    oblivious of dangers or perils or calmly resolute in facing them
    The only reason we are here is because generations of Americans were unafraid to do what was hard; to do what was needed even when success was uncertain; to do what it took to keep the dream of this nation alive for their children and their grandch
  139. work
    activity directed toward making or doing something
    One in 10 Americans still cannot find work.
  140. reduce
    make smaller
    It would reduce costs and premiums for millions of families and businesses.
  141. democrat
    an advocate of democratic principles
    And what the American people hope -- what they deserve -- is for all of us, Democrats and Republicans, to work through our differences; to overcome the numbing weight of our politics.
  142. tomorrow
    the day after today
    Next, we can put Americans to work today building the infrastructure of tomorrow.
  143. republican
    having the supreme power lying in the body of citizens entitled to vote for officers and representatives responsible to them or characteristic of such government
    And what the American people hope -- what they deserve -- is for all of us, Democrats and Republicans, to work through our differences; to overcome the numbing weight of our politics.
  144. financial institution
    an institution (public or private) that collects funds (from the public or other institutions) and invests them in financial assets
    We can't allow financial institutions, including those that take your deposits, to take risks that threaten the whole economy.
  145. governance
    the act of governing; exercising authority
    We will reward good governance, work to reduce corruption, and support the rights of all Afghans -- men and women alike.
  146. week after week
    for an indefinite number of successive weeks
    But I realize that for every success story, there are other stories, of men and women who wake up with the anguish of not knowing where their next paycheck will come from; who send out resumes week after week and hear nothing in response.
  147. tuition
    a fee paid for instruction (especially for higher education)
    We can't afford another so-called economic "expansion" like the one from the last decade -- what some call the "lost decade" -- where jobs grew more slowly than during any prior expansion; where the income of the average American household declined while
  148. discretionary
    having or using the ability to act or decide according to your own discretion or judgment
    But all other discretionary government programs will.
  149. take pride
    feel proud of
    They take pride in their labor, and are generous in spirit.
  150. budget
    a summary of intended expenditures along with proposals for how to meet them
    And according to the Congressional Budget Office -- the independent organization that both parties have cited as the official scorekeeper for Congress -- our approach would bring down the deficit by as much as $1 trillion over the next two decades.
  151. developing country
    a country that is poor and whose citizens are mostly agricultural workers but that wants to become more advanced socially and economically
    We're helping developing countries to feed themselves, and continuing the fight against HIV/AIDS.
  152. nuclear weapon
    a weapon of mass destruction whose explosive power derives from a nuclear reaction
    Now, even as we prosecute two wars, we're also confronting perhaps the greatest danger to the American people -- the threat of nuclear weapons.
  153. launcher
    armament in the form of a device capable of launching a rocket
    To reduce our stockpiles and launchers, while ensuring our deterrent, the United States and Russia are completing negotiations on the farthest-reaching arms control treaty in nearly two decades.
  154. problem
    a question raised for consideration or solution
    They don't understand why it seems like bad behavior on Wall Street is rewarded, but hard work on Main Street isn't; or why Washington has been unable or unwilling to solve any of our problems.
  155. increase
    a process of becoming larger or longer or more numerous or more important
    That's why we extended or increased unemployment benefits for more than 18 million Americans; made health insurance 65 percent cheaper for families who get their coverage through COBRA; and passed 25 different tax cuts.
  156. Congress
    the legislature of the United States government
    Madam Speaker, Vice President Biden, members of Congress, distinguished guests, and fellow Americans: Our Constitution declares that from time to time, the President shall give to Congress information about the state of our union.
  157. jeopardize
    pose a threat to; present a danger to
    But understand -- understand if we don't take meaningful steps to rein in our debt, it could damage our markets, increase the cost of borrowing, and jeopardize our recovery -- all of which would have an even worse effect on our job growth and famil
  158. Qaeda
    a terrorist network intensely opposed to the United States that dispenses money and logistical support and training to a wide variety of radical Islamic terrorist groups; has cells in more than 50 countries
    And in the last year, hundreds of al Qaeda's fighters and affiliates, including many senior leaders, have been captured or killed -- far more than in 2008.
  159. Afghanistan
    a mountainous landlocked country in central Asia; bordered by Iran to the west and Russia to the north and Pakistan to the east and south
    And in Afghanistan, we're increasing our troops and training Afghan security forces so they can begin to take the lead in July of 2011, and our troops can begin to come home.
  160. also known as
    as known or named at another time or place
    That's right -- the Recovery Act, also known as the stimulus bill.
  161. propose
    present for consideration, examination, criticism, etc.
    To recover the rest, I've proposed a fee on the biggest banks.
  162. American
    of or relating to the United States of America or its people or language or culture
    And what the American people hope -- what they deserve -- is for all of us, Democrats and Republicans, to work through our differences; to overcome the numbing weight of our politics.
  163. civil right
    right or rights belonging to a person by reason of citizenship including especially the fundamental freedoms and privileges guaranteed by the 13th and 14th amendments and subsequent acts of Congress including the right to legal and social and economic equality
    When the market crashed on Black Tuesday, and civil rights marchers were beaten on Bloody Sunday, the future was anything but certain.
  164. across the country
    extending throughout an entire nation
    Financing remains difficult for small businessowners across the country, even those that are making a profit.
  165. public servant
    someone who holds a government position (either by election or appointment)
    The confirmation of well-qualified public servants shouldn't be held hostage to the pet projects or grudges of a few individual senators.
  166. prosecute
    conduct a prosecution in a court of law
    Now, even as we prosecute two wars, we're also confronting perhaps the greatest danger to the American people -- the threat of nuclear weapons.
  167. skeptical
    marked by or given to doubt
    Talk to the small business in Phoenix that will triple its workforce because of the Recovery Act. Talk to the window manufacturer in Philadelphia who said he used to be skeptical about the Recovery Act, until he had to add two more work shifts just
  168. export
    sell or transfer abroad
    Third, we need to export more of our goods.
  169. importantly
    in an important way or to an important degree
    More importantly, the cost of Medicare, Medicaid, and Social Security will continue to skyrocket.
  170. shuttered
    provided with shutters or shutters as specified; often used in combination
    Many businesses have shuttered.
  171. funding
    financial resources provided to make some project possible
    Last year, we made the largest investment in basic research funding in history -- (applause) -- an investment that could lead to the world's cheapest solar cells or treatment that kills cancer cells but leaves healthy ones untouched.
  172. corrosive
    of a substance, especially a strong acid; capable of destroying or eating away by chemical action
    We face a deficit of trust -- deep and corrosive doubts about how Washington works that have been growing for years.
  173. nuclear
    constituting or like a nucleus
    And that means building a new generation of safe, clean nuclear power plants in this country.
  174. disrupted
    marked by breaks or gaps
    We've made substantial investments in our homeland security and disrupted plots that threatened to take American lives.
  175. revamp
    to patch up or renovate; repair or restore
    Meanwhile, China is not waiting to revamp its economy.
  176. one-year
    completing its life cycle within a year
    By the time I took office, we had a one-year deficit of over $1 trillion and projected deficits of $8 trillion over the next decade.
  177. paycheck
    a check issued in payment of wages or salary
    But I realize that for every success story, there are other stories, of men and women who wake up with the anguish of not knowing where their next paycheck will come from; who send out resumes week after week and hear nothing in response.
  178. stalemate
    a situation in which no progress can be made or no advancement is possible
    Now, this year, we've broken through the stalemate between left and right by launching a national competition to improve our schools.
  179. spending
    the act of spending or disbursing money
    So let me start the discussion of government spending by setting the record straight.
  180. disagreement
    a conflict of people's opinions or actions or characters
    And despite all our divisions and disagreements, our hesitations and our fears, America prevailed because we chose to move forward as one nation, as one people.
  181. afghan
    a blanket knitted or crocheted in strips or squares; sometimes used as a shawl
    We will reward good governance, work to reduce corruption, and support the rights of all Afghans -- men and women alike.
  182. Social Security
    social welfare program in the U.S.; includes old-age and survivors insurance and some unemployment insurance and old-age assistance
    Spending related to our national security, Medicare, Medicaid, and Social Security will not be affected.
  183. messy
    dirty and disorderly
    Democracy in a nation of 300 million people can be noisy and messy and complicated.
  184. million
    the number that is represented as a one followed by 6 zeros
    That's why we extended or increased unemployment benefits for more than 18 million Americans; made health insurance 65 percent cheaper for families who get their coverage through COBRA; and passed 25 different tax cuts.
  185. skyrocket
    propels bright light high in the sky, or used to propel a lifesaving line or harpoon
    More importantly, the cost of Medicare, Medicaid, and Social Security will continue to skyrocket.
  186. tough
    substantially made or constructed
    The toughest to read are those written by children -- asking why they have to move from their home, asking when their mom or dad will be able to go back to work.
  187. partisanship
    an inclination to favor one group or view or opinion over alternatives
    They're tired of the partisanship and the shouting and the pettiness.
  188. more
    (comparative of `much' used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree
    It's because of this spirit -- this great decency and great strength -- that I have never been more hopeful about America's future than I am tonight.
  189. Bull Run
    a creek in northeastern Virginia where two battles were fought in the American Civil War
    But when the Union was turned back at Bull Run, and the Allies first landed at Omaha Beach, victory was very much in doubt.
  190. rebate
    a refund of some fraction of the amount paid
    We should put more Americans to work building clean energy facilities -- (applause) -- and give rebates to Americans who make their homes more energy-efficient, which supports clean energy jobs.
  191. right
    free from error; especially conforming to fact or truth
    When the market crashed on Black Tuesday, and civil rights marchers were beaten on Bloody Sunday, the future was anything but certain.
  192. unemployed
    not engaged in a gainful occupation
    Now, as we stabilized the financial system, we also took steps to get our economy growing again, save as many jobs as possible, and help Americans who had become unemployed.
  193. marcher
    an inhabitant of a border district
    When the market crashed on Black Tuesday, and civil rights marchers were beaten on Bloody Sunday, the future was anything but certain.
  194. Iraqi
    a native or inhabitant of Iraq
    We will support the Iraqi government -- we will support the Iraqi government as they hold elections, and we will continue to partner with the Iraqi people to promote regional peace and prosperity.
  195. strengthened
    given added strength or support
    We've prohibited torture and strengthened partnerships from the Pacific to South Asia to the Arabian Peninsula.
  196. take a chance
    take a risk in the hope of a favorable outcome
    We should start where most new jobs do -- in small businesses, companies that begin when -- (applause) -- companies that begin when an entrepreneur -- when an entrepreneur takes a chance on a dream, or a worker decides it's time she became her own
  197. gimmick
    any clever maneuver
    This can't be one of those Washington gimmicks that lets us pretend we solved a problem.
  198. pay back
    act or give recompense in recognition of someone's behavior or actions
    But if these firms can afford to hand out big bonuses again, they can afford a modest fee to pay back the taxpayers who rescued them in their time of need.
  199. lending
    disposing of money or property with the expectation that the same thing (or an equivalent) will be returned
    But when you talk to small businessowners in places like Allentown, Pennsylvania, or Elyria, Ohio, you find out that even though banks on Wall Street are lending again, they're mostly lending to bigger companies.
  200. hopeful
    having or manifesting hope
    One woman wrote to me and said, "We are strained but hopeful, struggling but encouraged."
  201. stockpile
    something kept back or saved for future use or a special purpose
    To reduce our stockpiles and launchers, while ensuring our deterrent, the United States and Russia are completing negotiations on the farthest-reaching arms control treaty in nearly two decades.
  202. complicate
    make more complicated
    Democracy in a nation of 300 million people can be noisy and messy and complicated.
  203. working
    a mine or quarry that is being or has been worked
    This recession has also compounded the burdens that America's families have been dealing with for decades -- the burden of working harder and longer for less; of being unable to save enough to retire or help kids with college.
  204. unwarranted
    incapable of being justified or explained
    To make college more affordable, this bill will finally end the unwarranted taxpayer subsidies that go to banks for student loans.
  205. capital gain
    the amount by which the selling price of an asset exceeds the purchase price; the gain is realized when the asset is sold
    While we're at it, let's also eliminate all capital gains taxes on small business investment, and provide a tax incentive for all large businesses and all small businesses to invest in new plants and equipment.
  206. leadership
    the status of a leader
    And if the Republican leadership is going to insist that 60 votes in the Senate are required to do any business at all in this town -- a supermajority -- then the responsibility to govern is now yours as well.
  207. helping
    an individual quantity of food or drink taken as part of a meal
    They're coaching Little League and helping their neighbors.
  208. come together
    come together, as if in an embrace
    Let us find a way to come together and finish the job for the American people.
  209. obesity
    more than average fatness
    And by the way, I want to acknowledge our First Lady, Michelle Obama, who this year is creating a national movement to tackle the epidemic of childhood obesity and make kids healthier.
  210. take
    get into one's hands, take physically
    One year ago, I took office amid two wars, an economy rocked by a severe recession, a financial system on the verge of collapse, and a government deeply in debt.
  211. pay for
    have as a guest
    We cut taxes for 8 million Americans paying for college.
  212. arms control
    a limitation on the size and armament of the armed forces of a country
    To reduce our stockpiles and launchers, while ensuring our deterrent, the United States and Russia are completing negotiations on the farthest-reaching arms control treaty in nearly two decades.
  213. support
    the act of bearing the weight of or strengthening
    So I supported the last administration's efforts to create the financial rescue program.
  214. global
    involving the entire earth; not limited or provincial in scope
    But here's the thing -- even if you doubt the evidence, providing incentives for energy-efficiency and clean energy are the right thing to do for our future -- because the nation that leads the clean energy economy will be the nation that leads the glo
  215. worker
    a person who works at a specific occupation
    As a result, millions of Americans had more to spend on gas and food and other necessities, all of which helped businesses keep more workers.
  216. afford
    have the financial means to do something or buy something
    They know we can't afford it.
  217. cut
    separate with or as if with an instrument
    That's why we extended or increased unemployment benefits for more than 18 million Americans; made health insurance 65 percent cheaper for families who get their coverage through COBRA; and passed 25 different tax cuts.
  218. taxpayer
    someone who pays taxes
    But if these firms can afford to hand out big bonuses again, they can afford a modest fee to pay back the taxpayers who rescued them in their time of need.
  219. run for
    extend or continue for a certain period of time
    These struggles are the reason I ran for President.
  220. change
    become different in some particular way, without permanently losing one's or its former characteristics or essence
    For these Americans and so many others, change has not come fast enough.
  221. homeowner
    someone who owns a home
    This year, we will step up refinancing so that homeowners can move into more affordable mortgages.
  222. web site
    a computer connected to the internet that maintains a series of web pages on the World Wide Web
    Tonight, I'm calling on Congress to publish all earmark requests on a single Web site before there's a vote, so that the American people can see how their money is being spent.
  223. depression
    a sunken or depressed geological formation
    And they've done so in the midst of war and depression; at moments of great strife and great struggle.
  224. crack down
    repress or suppress (something regarded as undesirable)
    We're going to crack down on violations of equal pay laws -- so that women get equal pay for an equal day's work.
  225. college
    an institution of higher education created to educate and grant degrees; often a part of a university
    This recession has also compounded the burdens that America's families have been dealing with for decades -- the burden of working harder and longer for less; of being unable to save enough to retire or help kids with college.
  226. deterrent
    something immaterial that interferes with or delays action or progress
    To reduce our stockpiles and launchers, while ensuring our deterrent, the United States and Russia are completing negotiations on the farthest-reaching arms control treaty in nearly two decades.
  227. retirement
    the state of being retired from one's business or occupation
    Retirement funds have started to gain back some of their value.
  228. hated
    treated with contempt
    And if there's one thing that has unified Democrats and Republicans, and everybody in between, it's that we all hated the bank bailout.
  229. new
    not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered
    They're not new.
  230. steps
    the course along which a person has walked or is walking in
    Now, as we stabilized the financial system, we also took steps to get our economy growing again, save as many jobs as possible, and help Americans who had become unemployed.
  231. time and again
    repeatedly
    Time and again, they lend a hand to their neighbors and give back to their country.
  232. get ahead
    obtain advantages, such as points, etc.
    The aspirations they hold are shared: a job that pays the bills; a chance to get ahead; most of all, the ability to give their children a better life.
  233. responsibility
    the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force
    And by the way, it's time for colleges and universities to get serious about cutting their own costs -- (applause) -- because they, too, have a responsibility to help solve this problem.
  234. isolate
    place or set apart
    That's why the international community is more united, and the Islamic Republic of Iran is more isolated.
  235. healthier
    improved in health or physical condition
    And by the way, I want to acknowledge our First Lady, Michelle Obama, who this year is creating a national movement to tackle the epidemic of childhood obesity and make kids healthier.
  236. prosperity
    the condition of prospering; having good fortune
    They've done so during periods of prosperity and tranquility.
  237. cobra
    venomous Asiatic and African elapid snakes that can expand the skin of the neck into a hood
    That's why we extended or increased unemployment benefits for more than 18 million Americans; made health insurance 65 percent cheaper for families who get their coverage through COBRA; and passed 25 different tax cuts.
  238. political system
    the members of a social organization who are in power
    I've been told that our political system is too gridlocked, and that we should just put things on hold for a while.
  239. goal
    the state of affairs that a plan is intended to achieve and that (when achieved) terminates behavior intended to achieve it
    So tonight, we set a new goal: We will double our exports over the next five years, an increase that will support two million jobs in America.
  240. small
    limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent
    Small towns and rural communities have been hit especially hard.
  241. walk away
    go away from
    I will not walk away from these Americans, and neither should the people in this chamber.
  242. Tampa
    a resort city in western Florida; located on Tampa Bay on the Gulf of Mexico
    Tomorrow, I'll visit Tampa, Florida, where workers will soon break ground on a new high-speed railroad funded by the Recovery Act. (Applause.)
  243. sideline
    a line that marks the side boundary of a playing field
    If America sits on the sidelines while other nations sign trade deals, we will lose the chance to create jobs on our shores.
  244. reaffirm
    affirm once again
    We're joined by allies and partners who have increased their own commitments, and who will come together tomorrow in London to reaffirm our common purpose.
  245. nuclear power
    nuclear energy regarded as a source of electricity for the power grid (for civilian use)
    And that means building a new generation of safe, clean nuclear power plants in this country.
  246. national debt
    the debt of the national government (as distinguished from the debts of individuals and businesses and political subdivisions)
    And our efforts to prevent a second depression have added another $1 trillion to our national debt.
  247. affiliate
    join in an affiliation
    And in the last year, hundreds of al Qaeda's fighters and affiliates, including many senior leaders, have been captured or killed -- far more than in 2008.
  248. now
    at the present moment
    So I know the anxieties that are out there right now.
  249. security force
    a privately employed group hired to protect the security of a business or industry
    And in Afghanistan, we're increasing our troops and training Afghan security forces so they can begin to take the lead in July of 2011, and our troops can begin to come home.
  250. dissipate
    to cause to separate and go in different directions
    Sadly, some of the unity we felt after 9/11 has dissipated.
  251. election
    a vote to select the winner of a position or political office
    With all due deference to separation of powers, last week the Supreme Court reversed a century of law that I believe will open the floodgates for special interests -- including foreign corporations -- to spend without limit in our elections.
  252. coaching
    the job of a professional coach
    They're coaching Little League and helping their neighbors.
  253. market
    a marketplace where groceries are sold
    When the market crashed on Black Tuesday, and civil rights marchers were beaten on Bloody Sunday, the future was anything but certain.
  254. high-speed
    operating at high speed
    Tomorrow, I'll visit Tampa, Florida, where workers will soon break ground on a new high-speed railroad funded by the Recovery Act. (Applause.)
  255. out of work
    not having a job
    People are out of work.
  256. administration
    the act of governing; exercising authority
    So I supported the last administration's efforts to create the financial rescue program.
  257. income
    the financial gain (earned or unearned) accruing over a given period of time
    And we haven't raised income taxes by a single dime on a single person.
  258. unacceptable
    not acceptable; not welcome
    We are filling unacceptable gaps revealed by the failed Christmas attack, with better airline security and swifter action on our intelligence.
  259. disagree with
    not be very easily digestible
    I know that there are those who disagree with the overwhelming scientific evidence on climate change.
  260. rewarding
    providing personal satisfaction
    And the idea here is simple: Instead of rewarding failure, we only reward success.
  261. status
    a state at a particular time
    Instead of funding the status quo, we only invest in reform -- reform that raises student achievement; inspires students to excel in math and science; and turns around failing schools that steal the future of too many young Americans, from rural co
  262. Washington
    1st President of the United States; commander-in-chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolution (1732-1799)
    They don't understand why it seems like bad behavior on Wall Street is rewarded, but hard work on Main Street isn't; or why Washington has been unable or unwilling to solve any of our problems.
  263. spend
    pass time in a specific way
    And as a result, the markets are now stabilized, and we've recovered most of the money we spent on the banks.
  264. Iran
    a theocratic Islamic republic in the Middle East in western Asia; Iran was the core of the ancient empire that was known as Persia until 1935; rich in oil
    That's why the international community is more united, and the Islamic Republic of Iran is more isolated.
  265. include
    have as a part, be made up out of
    Now, the House has passed a jobs bill that includes some of these steps.
  266. office
    place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed
    One year ago, I took office amid two wars, an economy rocked by a severe recession, a financial system on the verge of collapse, and a government deeply in debt.
  267. credit
    an estimate, based on previous dealings, of a person's or an organization's ability to fulfill their financial commitments
    So tonight, I'm proposing that we take $30 billion of the money Wall Street banks have repaid and use it to help community banks give small businesses the credit they need to stay afloat.
  268. modeled
    resembling sculpture
    That's why I've called for a bipartisan fiscal commission, modeled on a proposal by Republican Judd Gregg and Democrat Kent Conrad.
  269. weathered
    worn by exposure to the weather
    Through sheer grit and determination, these companies have weathered the recession and they're ready to grow.
  270. urge
    force or impel in an indicated direction
    As the first order of business this year, I urge the Senate to do the same, and I know they will.
  271. rein in
    control and direct with or as if by reins
    But understand -- understand if we don't take meaningful steps to rein in our debt, it could damage our markets, increase the cost of borrowing, and jeopardize our recovery -- all of which would have an even worse effect on our job growth and famil
  272. Senate
    the upper house of the United States Congress
    As the first order of business this year, I urge the Senate to do the same, and I know they will.
  273. community
    a group of people living in a particular local area
    Small towns and rural communities have been hit especially hard.
  274. economic growth
    steady growth in the productive capacity of the economy (and so a growth of national income)
    The only way to move to full employment is to lay a new foundation for long-term economic growth, and finally address the problems that America's families have confronted for years.
  275. government
    (government) the system or form by which a community or other political unit is governed
    One year ago, I took office amid two wars, an economy rocked by a severe recession, a financial system on the verge of collapse, and a government deeply in debt.
  276. debt
    the state of owing something (especially money)
    One year ago, I took office amid two wars, an economy rocked by a severe recession, a financial system on the verge of collapse, and a government deeply in debt.
  277. promise
    a verbal commitment by one person to another agreeing to do (or not to do) something in the future
    And tonight, tonight I'd like to talk about how together we can deliver on that promise.
  278. encourage
    inspire with confidence; give hope or courage to
    One woman wrote to me and said, "We are strained but hopeful, struggling but encouraged."
  279. years
    a prolonged period of time
    For 220 years, our leaders have fulfilled this duty.
  280. that much
    to a certain degree
    And for those who'd already known poverty, life has become that much harder.
  281. care
    the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something
    We cut taxes for parents trying to care for their children.
  282. division
    the act of dividing or partitioning; separation by the creation of a boundary that divides or keeps apart
    And despite all our divisions and disagreements, our hesitations and our fears, America prevailed because we chose to move forward as one nation, as one people.
  283. reward
    a recompense for worthy acts or retribution for wrongdoing
    They don't understand why it seems like bad behavior on Wall Street is rewarded, but hard work on Main Street isn't; or why Washington has been unable or unwilling to solve any of our problems.
  284. funded
    furnished with funds
    Tomorrow, I'll visit Tampa, Florida, where workers will soon break ground on a new high-speed railroad funded by the Recovery Act. (Applause.)
  285. election day
    the day appointed for an election; in the United States it is the 1st Tuesday after the 1st Monday in November
    But what frustrates the American people is a Washington where every day is Election Day. We can't wage a perpetual campaign where the only goal is to see who can get the most embarrassing headlines about the other side -- a belief that if you lose,
  286. program
    a series of steps to be carried out or goals to be accomplished
    So I supported the last administration's efforts to create the financial rescue program.
  287. Main Street
    any small town (or the people who inhabit it); generally used to represent parochialism and materialism (after a novel by Sinclair Lewis)
    They don't understand why it seems like bad behavior on Wall Street is rewarded, but hard work on Main Street isn't; or why Washington has been unable or unwilling to solve any of our problems.
  288. public office
    a position concerning the people as a whole
    Those of us in public office can respond to this reality by playing it safe and avoid telling hard truths and pointing fingers.
  289. tackle
    seize and throw down an opponent player, who usually carries the ball
    I didn't choose to tackle this issue to get some legislative victory under my belt.
  290. diploma
    a document certifying the successful completion of a course of study
    Still, in this economy, a high school diploma no longer guarantees a good job.
  291. commitment
    the act of binding yourself (intellectually or emotionally) to a course of action
    We're joined by allies and partners who have increased their own commitments, and who will come together tomorrow in London to reaffirm our common purpose.
  292. politics
    the activities and affairs involved in managing a state or a government
    And what the American people hope -- what they deserve -- is for all of us, Democrats and Republicans, to work through our differences; to overcome the numbing weight of our politics.
  293. bank
    sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water)
    Our most urgent task upon taking office was to shore up the same banks that helped cause this crisis.
  294. fixing
    the act of putting something in working order again
    As hard as it may be, as uncomfortable and contentious as the debates may become, it's time to get serious about fixing the problems that are hampering our growth.
  295. rubble
    the remains of something that has been destroyed or broken up
    And it lives on in all the Americans who've dropped everything to go someplace they've never been and pull people they've never known from the rubble, prompting chants of "U.S.A.! U.S.A.! U.S.A!" when another life was saved.
  296. pundit
    someone who has been admitted to membership in a scholarly field
    The more that TV pundits reduce serious debates to silly arguments, big issues into sound bites, our citizens turn away.
  297. can
    airtight sealed metal container for food or drink or paint etc.
    And tonight, tonight I'd like to talk about how together we can deliver on that promise.
  298. recover
    regain or make up for
    And as a result, the markets are now stabilized, and we've recovered most of the money we spent on the banks.
  299. ensure
    make certain of
    To reduce our stockpiles and launchers, while ensuring our deterrent, the United States and Russia are completing negotiations on the farthest-reaching arms control treaty in nearly two decades.
  300. 21st
    coming next after the twentieth in position
    In the 21st century, the best anti-poverty program around is a world-class education.
  301. power plant
    an electrical generating station
    And that means building a new generation of safe, clean nuclear power plants in this country.
  302. accountable
    liable to account for one's actions
    And when we took that program over, we made it more transparent and more accountable.
  303. solar
    relating to or derived from the sun or utilizing the energies of the sun
    Last year, we made the largest investment in basic research funding in history -- (applause) -- an investment that could lead to the world's cheapest solar cells or treatment that kills cancer cells but leaves healthy ones untouched.
  304. national
    of or relating to or belonging to a nation or country
    To help meet this goal, we're launching a National Export Initiative that will help farmers and small businesses increase their exports, and reform export controls consistent with national security.
  305. special interest
    an individual or group who are concerned with some particular part of the economy and who try to influence legislators or bureaucrats to act in their favor
    With all due deference to separation of powers, last week the Supreme Court reversed a century of law that I believe will open the floodgates for special interests -- including foreign corporations -- to spend without limit in our elections.
  306. confirmation
    information that confirms or verifies
    The confirmation of -- (applause) -- I'm speaking to both parties now.
  307. partner
    a person who is a member of a partnership
    But realizing those benefits also means enforcing those agreements so our trading partners play by the rules.
  308. get it
    understand, usually after some initial difficulty
    And if the bill that ends up on my desk does not meet the test of real reform, I will send it back until we get it right.
  309. short-term
    relating to or extending over a limited period
    Just saying no to everything may be good short-term politics, but it's not leadership.
  310. raise
    move upwards
    And we haven't raised income taxes by a single dime on a single person.
  311. protecting
    shielding (or designed to shield) against harm or discomfort
    I'm interested in protecting our economy.
  312. make
    perform or carry out
    And when we took that program over, we made it more transparent and more accountable.
  313. fund
    a reserve of money set aside for some purpose
    Retirement funds have started to gain back some of their value.
  314. Iraq
    a republic in the Middle East in western Asia; the ancient civilization of Mesopotamia was in the area now known as Iraq
    As we take the fight to al Qaeda, we are responsibly leaving Iraq to its people.
  315. preventive
    tending to prevent or hinder
    It would require every insurance plan to cover preventive care.
  316. country
    the territory occupied by a nation
    Now, the true engine of job creation in this country will always be America's businesses.
  317. unified
    formed or united into a whole
    And if there's one thing that has unified Democrats and Republicans, and everybody in between, it's that we all hated the bank bailout.
  318. tested
    tested and proved to be reliable
    These were the times that tested the courage of our convictions, and the strength of our union.
  319. 1990s
    the decade from 1990 to 1999
    And when the vote comes tomorrow, the Senate should restore the pay-as-you-go law that was a big reason for why we had record surpluses in the 1990s.
  320. rebuild
    build again
    They're rebuilding their infrastructure.
  321. revers
    a lapel on a woman's garment; turned back to show the reverse side
    I've embraced the vision of John F. Kennedy and Ronald Reagan through a strategy that reverses the spread of these weapons and seeks a world without them.
  322. usher in
    be a precursor of
    I never thought that the mere fact of my election would usher in peace and harmony -- (laughter) -- and some post-partisan era.
  323. abide by
    show respect towards
    We find unity in our incredible diversity, drawing on the promise enshrined in our Constitution: the notion that we're all created equal; that no matter who you are or what you look like, if you abide by the law you should be protected by it; if yo
  324. citizen
    a native or naturalized member of a state or other political community
    Let's meet our responsibility to the citizens who sent us here.
  325. know
    be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about
    And for those who'd already known poverty, life has become that much harder.
  326. all
    to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (`whole' is often used informally for `wholly')
    And despite all our divisions and disagreements, our hesitations and our fears, America prevailed because we chose to move forward as one nation, as one people.
  327. initiative
    readiness to embark on bold new ventures
    To help meet this goal, we're launching a National Export Initiative that will help farmers and small businesses increase their exports, and reform export controls consistent with national security.
  328. burden
    weight to be borne or conveyed
    This recession has also compounded the burdens that America's families have been dealing with for decades -- the burden of working harder and longer for less; of being unable to save enough to retire or help kids with college.
  329. system
    a group of independent but interrelated elements comprising a unified whole
    One year ago, I took office amid two wars, an economy rocked by a severe recession, a financial system on the verge of collapse, and a government deeply in debt.
  330. entrenched
    dug in
    I knew that both parties have fed divisions that are deeply entrenched.
  331. recklessness
    the trait of giving little thought to danger
    But that can only happen if we guard against the same recklessness that nearly brought down our entire economy.
  332. single
    existing alone or consisting of one entity or part or aspect or individual
    And we haven't raised income taxes by a single dime on a single person.
  333. rescue
    free from harm or evil
    So I supported the last administration's efforts to create the financial rescue program.
  334. start
    take the first step or steps in carrying out an action
    After one of the most difficult years in our history, they remain busy building cars and teaching kids, starting businesses and going back to school.
  335. mortgage
    a conditional conveyance of property as security for the repayment of a loan
    The steps we took last year to shore up the housing market have allowed millions of Americans to take out new loans and save an average of $1,500 on mortgage payments.
  336. issue
    some situation or event that is thought about
    I didn't choose to tackle this issue to get some legislative victory under my belt.
  337. kid
    young goat
    This recession has also compounded the burdens that America's families have been dealing with for decades -- the burden of working harder and longer for less; of being unable to save enough to retire or help kids with college.
  338. difficult
    not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure
    So we face big and difficult challenges.
  339. disrupt
    make a break in
    We've made substantial investments in our homeland security and disrupted plots that threatened to take American lives.
  340. struggle
    strenuous effort
    And they've done so in the midst of war and depression; at moments of great strife and great struggle.
  341. expand
    extend in one or more directions
    But government can create the conditions necessary for businesses to expand and hire more workers.
  342. surplus
    a quantity much larger than is needed
    At the beginning of the last decade, the year 2000, America had a budget surplus of over $200 billion.
  343. take effect
    go into effect or become effective or operative
    And I agree -- which is why this freeze won't take effect until next year -- (laughter) -- when the economy is stronger.
  344. even as
    at the same time as
    You see, Washington has been telling us to wait for decades, even as the problems have grown worse.
  345. protect
    shield from danger, injury, destruction, or damage
    I'm interested in protecting our economy.
  346. pay
    give money, usually in exchange for goods or services
    The aspirations they hold are shared: a job that pays the bills; a chance to get ahead; most of all, the ability to give their children a better life.
  347. company
    an institution created to conduct business
    We should start where most new jobs do -- in small businesses, companies that begin when -- (applause) -- companies that begin when an entrepreneur -- when an entrepreneur takes a chance on a dream, or a worker decides it's time she became her own
  348. HIV
    the virus that causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS); it replicates in and kills the helper T cells
    We're helping developing countries to feed themselves, and continuing the fight against HIV/AIDS.
  349. tightening
    the act of making something tighter
    But families across the country are tightening their belts and making tough decisions.
  350. first lady
    the wife of a chief executive
    And by the way, I want to acknowledge our First Lady, Michelle Obama, who this year is creating a national movement to tackle the epidemic of childhood obesity and make kids healthier.
  351. cynicism
    a cynical feeling of distrust
    No wonder there's so much cynicism out there.
  352. rebuilding
    building again
    They're rebuilding their infrastructure.
  353. task force
    a semipermanent unit created to carry out a continuing task
    That's why last year I asked Vice President Biden to chair a task force on middle-class families.
  354. come home
    become clear or enter one's consciousness or emotions
    And in Afghanistan, we're increasing our troops and training Afghan security forces so they can begin to take the lead in July of 2011, and our troops can begin to come home.
  355. offshore
    (of winds) coming from the land
    It means making tough decisions about opening new offshore areas for oil and gas development.
  356. fiscal
    involving financial matters
    Now, even as health care reform would reduce our deficit, it's not enough to dig us out of a massive fiscal hole in which we find ourselves.
  357. savings
    a fund of money put by as a reserve
    It channels the savings of families into investments that raise incomes.
  358. unemployment
    the state of being unemployed or not having a job
    And if we had allowed the meltdown of the financial system, unemployment might be double what it is today.
  359. climate
    the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time
    And, yes, it means passing a comprehensive energy and climate bill with incentives that will finally make clean energy the profitable kind of energy in America.
  360. doubling
    increase by a factor of two
    That's why we're nearly doubling the child care tax credit, and making it easier to save for retirement by giving access to every worker a retirement account and expanding the tax credit for those who start a nest egg.
  361. lay off
    dismiss, usually for economic reasons
    Talk to the single teacher raising two kids who was told by her principal in the last week of school that because of the Recovery Act, she wouldn't be laid off after all.
  362. but
    and nothing more
    But when the Union was turned back at Bull Run, and the Allies first landed at Omaha Beach, victory was very much in doubt.
  363. wake up
    stop sleeping
    But I realize that for every success story, there are other stories, of men and women who wake up with the anguish of not knowing where their next paycheck will come from; who send out resumes week after week and hear nothing in response.
  364. no matter
    in spite of everything; without regard to drawbacks
    Washington may think that saying anything about the other side, no matter how false, no matter how malicious, is just part of the game.
  365. violation
    an act that disregards an agreement or a right
    My administration has a Civil Rights Division that is once again prosecuting civil rights violations and employment discrimination.
  366. Omaha
    largest city in Nebraska; located in eastern Nebraska on the Missouri river; a major transportation center of the Midwest
    But when the Union was turned back at Bull Run, and the Allies first landed at Omaha Beach, victory was very much in doubt.
  367. challenge
    a call to engage in a contest or fight
    So we face big and difficult challenges.
  368. devastation
    the state of being decayed or destroyed
    But the devastation remains.
  369. freeze
    change from a liquid to a solid when cold
    Starting in 2011, we are prepared to freeze government spending for three years.
  370. hate
    the emotion of intense dislike; a feeling of dislike so strong that it demands action
    And if there's one thing that has unified Democrats and Republicans, and everybody in between, it's that we all hated the bank bailout.
  371. unify
    join or combine
    And if there's one thing that has unified Democrats and Republicans, and everybody in between, it's that we all hated the bank bailout.
  372. give back
    pay back
    Time and again, they lend a hand to their neighbors and give back to their country.
  373. 200
    being ten more than one hundred ninety
    You can see the results of last year's investments in clean energy -- in the North Carolina company that will create 1,200 jobs nationwide helping to make advanced batteries; or in the California business that will put a thousand people to work mak
  374. efficiency
    skillfulness in avoiding wasted time and effort
    But to create more of these clean energy jobs, we need more production, more efficiency, more incentives.
  375. infectious
    of or relating to infection
    And we are launching a new initiative that will give us the capacity to respond faster and more effectively to bioterrorism or an infectious disease -- a plan that will counter threats at home and strengthen public health abroad.
  376. prompting
    a cue given to a performer (usually the beginning of the next line to be spoken)
    And it lives on in all the Americans who've dropped everything to go someplace they've never been and pull people they've never known from the rubble, prompting chants of "U.S.A.! U.S.A.! U.S.A!" when another life was saved.
  377. terrorist
    a radical who employs terror as a political weapon; usually organizes with other terrorists in small cells; often uses religion as a cover for terrorist activities
    Since the day I took office, we've renewed our focus on the terrorists who threaten our nation.
  378. Republican
    a member of the Republican Party
    After nearly a century of trying -- Democratic administrations, Republican administrations -- we are closer than ever to bringing more security to the lives of so many Americans.
  379. entrench
    fix firmly or securely
    I knew that both parties have fed divisions that are deeply entrenched.
  380. punishing
    resulting in punishment
    Look, I am not interested in punishing banks.
  381. provide
    give something useful or necessary to
    While we're at it, let's also eliminate all capital gains taxes on small business investment, and provide a tax incentive for all large businesses and all small businesses to invest in new plants and equipment.
  382. online
    connected to a computer network or accessible by computer
    That's why -- for the first time in history -- my administration posts on our White House visitors online.
  383. expansion
    the act of increasing (something) in size or volume or quantity or scope
    We can't afford another so-called economic "expansion" like the one from the last decade -- what some call the "lost decade" -- where jobs grew more slowly than during any prior expansion; where the income of the average American household declined
  384. North Korea
    a communist country in the northern half of the Korean Peninsula; established in 1948
    That's why North Korea now faces increased isolation, and stronger sanctions -- sanctions that are being vigorously enforced.
  385. oil company
    a company that sells oil
    But at a time of record deficits, we will not continue tax cuts for oil companies, for investment fund managers, and for those making over $250,000 a year.
  386. just
    and nothing more
    But when I ran for President, I promised I wouldn't just do what was popular -- I would do what was necessary.
  387. compounded
    combined into or constituting a chemical compound
    This recession has also compounded the burdens that America's families have been dealing with for decades -- the burden of working harder and longer for less; of being unable to save enough to retire or help kids with college.
  388. paying
    for which money is paid
    We cut taxes for 8 million Americans paying for college.
  389. finally
    as the end result of a succession or process
    And to encourage these and other businesses to stay within our borders, it is time to finally slash the tax breaks for companies that ship our jobs overseas, and give those tax breaks to companies that create jobs right here in the United States of
  390. housing
    structures collectively in which people are housed
    We can't afford another so-called economic "expansion" like the one from the last decade -- what some call the "lost decade" -- where jobs grew more slowly than during any prior expansion; where the income of the average American household declined while
  391. credibility
    the quality of being believable or trustworthy
    To close that credibility gap we have to take action on both ends of Pennsylvania Avenue -- to end the outsized influence of lobbyists; to do our work openly; to give our people the government they deserve.
  392. united
    characterized by unity; being or joined into a single entity
    And to encourage these and other businesses to stay within our borders, it is time to finally slash the tax breaks for companies that ship our jobs overseas, and give those tax breaks to companies that create jobs right here in the United States of
  393. spectrum
    a broad range of related objects or values or qualities or ideas or activities
    Experts from across the political spectrum warned that if we did not act, we might face a second depression.
  394. deserve
    be worthy or deserving
    And what the American people hope -- what they deserve -- is for all of us, Democrats and Republicans, to work through our differences; to overcome the numbing weight of our politics.
  395. insurance company
    a financial institution that sells insurance
    But if anyone from either party has a better approach that will bring down premiums, bring down the deficit, cover the uninsured, strengthen Medicare for seniors, and stop insurance company abuses, let me know.
  396. bystander
    a nonparticipant spectator
    We have gone from a bystander to a leader in the fight against climate change.
  397. deadline
    the point in time at which something must be completed
    The commission will have to provide a specific set of solutions by a certain deadline.
  398. renew
    reestablish on a new, usually improved, basis or make new or like new
    When we renew the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, we will work with Congress to expand these reforms to all 50 states.
  399. pass
    go across or through
    And one year later, the worst of the storm has passed.
  400. promote
    give a promotion to or assign to a higher position
    We will support the Iraqi government -- we will support the Iraqi government as they hold elections, and we will continue to partner with the Iraqi people to promote regional peace and prosperity.
  401. last
    coming after all others in time or space or degree or being the only one remaining
    So I supported the last administration's efforts to create the financial rescue program.
  402. put aside
    turn away from and put aside, perhaps temporarily
    So let's put aside the schoolyard taunts about who's tough.
  403. serious
    of great consequence
    They're making serious investments in clean energy because they want those jobs.
  404. step
    the act of changing location by raising the foot and setting it down
    Now, as we stabilized the financial system, we also took steps to get our economy growing again, save as many jobs as possible, and help Americans who had become unemployed.
  405. loan
    the temporary provision of money (usually at interest)
    To make college more affordable, this bill will finally end the unwarranted taxpayer subsidies that go to banks for student loans.
  406. Colombia
    a republic in northwestern South America with a coastline on the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea; achieved independence from Spain in 1821 under the leadership of Simon Bolivar; Spanish is the official language
    And that's why we'll continue to shape a Doha trade agreement that opens global markets, and why we will strengthen our trade relations in Asia and with key partners like South Korea and Panama and Colombia.
  407. starting
    appropriate to the beginning or start of an event
    After one of the most difficult years in our history, they remain busy building cars and teaching kids, starting businesses and going back to school.
  408. next
    immediately following in time or order
    But I realize that for every success story, there are other stories, of men and women who wake up with the anguish of not knowing where their next paycheck will come from; who send out resumes week after week and hear nothing in response.
  409. Korea
    an Asian peninsula (off Manchuria) separating the Yellow Sea and the Sea of Japan; the Korean name is Dae-Han-Min-Gook or Han-Gook
    And that's why we'll continue to shape a Doha trade agreement that opens global markets, and why we will strengthen our trade relations in Asia and with key partners like South Korea and Panama and Colombia.
  410. grit
    a hard coarse-grained siliceous sandstone
    Through sheer grit and determination, these companies have weathered the recession and they're ready to grow.
  411. generation
    group of genetically related organisms constituting a single step in the line of descent
    And that means building a new generation of safe, clean nuclear power plants in this country.
  412. debate
    a discussion in which reasons are advanced for and against some proposition or proposal
    As hard as it may be, as uncomfortable and contentious as the debates may become, it's time to get serious about fixing the problems that are hampering our growth.
  413. union
    the state of being joined or united or linked
    Madam Speaker, Vice President Biden, members of Congress, distinguished guests, and fellow Americans: Our Constitution declares that from time to time, the President shall give to Congress information about the state of our union.
  414. homeland
    the country where you were born
    We've made substantial investments in our homeland security and disrupted plots that threatened to take American lives.
  415. commission
    the act of granting authority to undertake certain functions
    That's why I've called for a bipartisan fiscal commission, modeled on a proposal by Republican Judd Gregg and Democrat Kent Conrad.
  416. also
    in addition
    This recession has also compounded the burdens that America's families have been dealing with for decades -- the burden of working harder and longer for less; of being unable to save enough to retire or help kids with college.
  417. South Korea
    a republic in the southern half of the Korean Peninsula; established in 1948
    And that's why we'll continue to shape a Doha trade agreement that opens global markets, and why we will strengthen our trade relations in Asia and with key partners like South Korea and Panama and Colombia.
  418. federal
    characterized by or constituting a form of government in which power is divided between one central and several regional authorities
    The federal government should do the same.
  419. rural
    living in or characteristic of farming or country life
    Small towns and rural communities have been hit especially hard.
  420. get
    come into the possession of something concrete or abstract
    The aspirations they hold are shared: a job that pays the bills; a chance to get ahead; most of all, the ability to give their children a better life.
  421. act
    behave in a certain manner; show a certain behavior; conduct or comport oneself
    Experts from across the political spectrum warned that if we did not act, we might face a second depression.
  422. future
    the time yet to come
    When the market crashed on Black Tuesday, and civil rights marchers were beaten on Bloody Sunday, the future was anything but certain.
  423. small town
    a community of people smaller than a town
    Small towns and rural communities have been hit especially hard.
  424. entity
    that which is perceived or known or inferred to have its own distinct existence (living or nonliving)
    I don't think American elections should be bankrolled by America's most powerful interests, or worse, by foreign entities.
  425. turn around
    turn abruptly and face the other way, either physically or metaphorically
    Instead of funding the status quo, we only invest in reform -- reform that raises student achievement; inspires students to excel in math and science; and turns around failing schools that steal the future of too many young Americans, from rural co
  426. student
    a learner who is enrolled in an educational institution
    Instead of funding the status quo, we only invest in reform -- reform that raises student achievement; inspires students to excel in math and science; and turns around failing schools that steal the future of too many young Americans, from rural co
  427. financing
    the act of financing
    Financing remains difficult for small businessowners across the country, even those that are making a profit.
  428. interstate
    involving and relating to the mutual relations of states especially of the United States
    From the first railroads to the Interstate Highway System, our nation has always been built to compete.
  429. trading
    buying or selling securities or commodities
    But realizing those benefits also means enforcing those agreements so our trading partners play by the rules.
  430. build
    make by combining materials and parts
    After one of the most difficult years in our history, they remain busy building cars and teaching kids, starting businesses and going back to school.
  431. time
    the continuum of experience in which events pass from the future through the present to the past
    Madam Speaker, Vice President Biden, members of Congress, distinguished guests, and fellow Americans: Our Constitution declares that from time to time, the President shall give to Congress information about the state of our union.
  432. hire
    engage or hire for work
    Businesses are beginning to invest again, and slowly some are starting to hire again.
  433. in public
    in a manner accessible to or observable by the public; openly
    And let's tell another one million students that when they graduate, they will be required to pay only 10 percent of their income on student loans, and all of their debt will be forgiven after 20 years -- and forgiven after 10 years if they choose a caree
  434. require
    have need of
    And let's tell another one million students that when they graduate, they will be required to pay only 10 percent of their income on student loans, and all of their debt will be forgiven after 20 years -- and forgiven after 10 years if they choose
  435. grow
    increase in size by natural process
    Now, as we stabilized the financial system, we also took steps to get our economy growing again, save as many jobs as possible, and help Americans who had become unemployed.
  436. dissipated
    unrestrained by convention or morality
    Sadly, some of the unity we felt after 9/11 has dissipated.
  437. United States
    North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776
    And to encourage these and other businesses to stay within our borders, it is time to finally slash the tax breaks for companies that ship our jobs overseas, and give those tax breaks to companies that create jobs right here in the United States of
  438. some
    quantifier; used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity
    Some are frustrated; some are angry.
  439. deny
    declare untrue; contradict
    I took on health care because of the stories I've heard from Americans with preexisting conditions whose lives depend on getting coverage; patients who've been denied coverage; families -- even those with insurance -- who are just one illness away
  440. big
    above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent
    So we face big and difficult challenges.
  441. lose
    fail to keep or to maintain; cease to have, either physically or in an abstract sense
    More homes would have surely been lost.
  442. hand out
    give to several people
    But if these firms can afford to hand out big bonuses again, they can afford a modest fee to pay back the taxpayers who rescued them in their time of need.
  443. launch
    propel with force
    To help meet this goal, we're launching a National Export Initiative that will help farmers and small businesses increase their exports, and reform export controls consistent with national security.
  444. naive
    marked by or showing unaffected simplicity and lack of guile or worldly experience
    Now, I'm not naïve.
  445. cut to
    move to another scene when filming
    The plan that has made all of this possible, from the tax cuts to the jobs, is the Recovery Act. (Applause.)
  446. crisis
    a crucial stage or turning point in the course of something
    Our most urgent task upon taking office was to shore up the same banks that helped cause this crisis.
  447. Afghan
    a native or inhabitant of Afghanistan
    And in Afghanistan, we're increasing our troops and training Afghan security forces so they can begin to take the lead in July of 2011, and our troops can begin to come home.
  448. adhere
    stick to firmly
    We find unity in our incredible diversity, drawing on the promise enshrined in our Constitution: the notion that we're all created equal; that no matter who you are or what you look like, if you abide by the law you should be protected by it; if you ad
  449. corruption
    lack of integrity or honesty (especially susceptibility to bribery); use of a position of trust for dishonest gain
    We will reward good governance, work to reduce corruption, and support the rights of all Afghans -- men and women alike.
  450. completing
    acting as or providing a complement (something that completes the whole)
    To reduce our stockpiles and launchers, while ensuring our deterrent, the United States and Russia are completing negotiations on the farthest-reaching arms control treaty in nearly two decades.
  451. gap
    an open or empty space in or between things
    To close that credibility gap we have to take action on both ends of Pennsylvania Avenue -- to end the outsized influence of lobbyists; to do our work openly; to give our people the government they deserve.
  452. adversity
    a state of misfortune or affliction
    They share a stubborn resilience in the face of adversity.
  453. decision
    a position or opinion or judgment reached after consideration
    We need to make sure consumers and middle-class families have the information they need to make financial decisions.
  454. disagree
    be different from one another
    I know that there are those who disagree with the overwhelming scientific evidence on climate change.
  455. lend
    give temporarily; let have for a limited time
    But when you talk to small businessowners in places like Allentown, Pennsylvania, or Elyria, Ohio, you find out that even though banks on Wall Street are lending again, they're mostly lending to bigger companies.
  456. advance
    move forward, also in the metaphorical sense
    You can see the results of last year's investments in clean energy -- in the North Carolina company that will create 1,200 jobs nationwide helping to make advanced batteries; or in the California business that will put a thousand people to work mak
  457. class
    a collection of things sharing a common attribute
    We need to make sure consumers and middle-class families have the information they need to make financial decisions.
  458. sanction
    official permission or approval
    That's why North Korea now faces increased isolation, and stronger sanctions -- sanctions that are being vigorously enforced.
  459. massive
    consisting of great mass; containing a great quantity of matter
    Now, even as health care reform would reduce our deficit, it's not enough to dig us out of a massive fiscal hole in which we find ourselves.
  460. cost
    be priced at
    We can't afford another so-called economic "expansion" like the one from the last decade -- what some call the "lost decade" -- where jobs grew more slowly than during any prior expansion; where the income of the average American household declined while
  461. access
    the right to enter
    A strong, healthy financial market makes it possible for businesses to access credit and create new jobs.
  462. quit
    go away or leave
    We do not quit.
  463. not
    negation of a word or group of words
    Experts from across the political spectrum warned that if we did not act, we might face a second depression.
  464. education
    the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill
    Two hundred thousand work in construction and clean energy; 300,000 are teachers and other education workers.
  465. agreement
    harmony of people's opinions or actions or characters
    But realizing those benefits also means enforcing those agreements so our trading partners play by the rules.
  466. numb
    lacking sensation
    And what the American people hope -- what they deserve -- is for all of us, Democrats and Republicans, to work through our differences; to overcome the numbing weight of our politics.
  467. confront
    oppose, as in hostility or a competition
    The only way to move to full employment is to lay a new foundation for long-term economic growth, and finally address the problems that America's families have confronted for years.
  468. specific
    stated explicitly or in detail
    So tonight, I'm proposing specific steps to pay for the trillion dollars that it took to rescue the economy last year.
  469. middle
    an area that is approximately central within some larger region
    We need to make sure consumers and middle-class families have the information they need to make financial decisions.
  470. nationwide
    occurring or extending throughout a country or nation
    You can see the results of last year's investments in clean energy -- in the North Carolina company that will create 1,200 jobs nationwide helping to make advanced batteries; or in the California business that will put a thousand people to work mak
  471. old boy
    a former male pupil of a school
    It lives on in the 8-year-old boy in Louisiana, who just sent me his allowance and asked if I would give it to the people of Haiti.
  472. fee
    a fixed charge for a privilege or for professional services
    To recover the rest, I've proposed a fee on the biggest banks.
  473. making
    the act that results in something coming to be
    Financing remains difficult for small businessowners across the country, even those that are making a profit.
  474. optimism
    the optimistic feeling that all is going to turn out well
    And what keeps me going -- what keeps me fighting -- is that despite all these setbacks, that spirit of determination and optimism, that fundamental decency that has always been at the core of the American people, that lives on.
  475. worse
    something inferior in quality or condition or effect
    You see, Washington has been telling us to wait for decades, even as the problems have grown worse.
  476. fastest
    most quickly
    There's no reason Europe or China should have the fastest trains, or the new factories that manufacture clean energy products.
  477. focus
    the concentration of attention or energy on something
    That is why jobs must be our number-one focus in 2010, and that's why I'm calling for a new jobs bill tonight.
  478. face
    the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear
    Experts from across the political spectrum warned that if we did not act, we might face a second depression.
  479. home
    where you live at a particular time
    Home values have declined.
  480. growing
    relating to or suitable for growth
    Now, as we stabilized the financial system, we also took steps to get our economy growing again, save as many jobs as possible, and help Americans who had become unemployed.
  481. take to
    have a fancy or particular liking or desire for
    So tonight, I'm proposing specific steps to pay for the trillion dollars that it took to rescue the economy last year.
  482. still
    not in physical motion
    One in 10 Americans still cannot find work.
  483. public service
    a service that is performed for the benefit of the public or its institutions
    And let's tell another one million students that when they graduate, they will be required to pay only 10 percent of their income on student loans, and all of their debt will be forgiven after 20 years -- and forgiven after 10 years if they choose a caree
  484. by the way
    introducing a different topic; in point of fact
    And by the way, it's time for colleges and universities to get serious about cutting their own costs -- (applause) -- because they, too, have a responsibility to help solve this problem.
  485. many
    a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by `as' or `too' or `so' or `that'; amounting to a large but indefinite number
    Many businesses have shuttered.
  486. Ronald Reagan
    40th President of the United States (1911-2004)
    I've embraced the vision of John F. Kennedy and Ronald Reagan through a strategy that reverses the spread of these weapons and seeks a world without them.
  487. one
    the smallest whole number or a numeral representing this number
    And despite all our divisions and disagreements, our hesitations and our fears, America prevailed because we chose to move forward as one nation, as one people.
  488. embarrass
    cause to be embarrassed; cause to feel self-conscious
    She gets embarrassed.
  489. slogan
    a favorite saying of a sect or political group
    I campaigned on the promise of change -- change we can believe in, the slogan went.
  490. farthest
    (comparatives of `far') most remote in space or time or order
    To reduce our stockpiles and launchers, while ensuring our deterrent, the United States and Russia are completing negotiations on the farthest-reaching arms control treaty in nearly two decades.
  491. Phoenix
    the state capital and largest city located in south central Arizona; situated in a former desert that has become a prosperous agricultural area thanks to irrigation
    Talk to the small business in Phoenix that will triple its workforce because of the Recovery Act. Talk to the window manufacturer in Philadelphia who said he used to be skeptical about the Recovery Act, until he had to add two more work shifts just
  492. Democratic
    belong to or relating to the Democratic Party
    After nearly a century of trying -- Democratic administrations, Republican administrations -- we are closer than ever to bringing more security to the lives of so many Americans.
  493. More
    English statesman who opposed Henry VIII's divorce from Catherine of Aragon and was imprisoned and beheaded; recalled for his concept of Utopia, the ideal state
    More businesses would certainly have closed.
  494. struggling
    engaged in a struggle to overcome especially poverty or obscurity
    One woman wrote to me and said, "We are strained but hopeful, struggling but encouraged."
  495. choose
    pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives
    And despite all our divisions and disagreements, our hesitations and our fears, America prevailed because we chose to move forward as one nation, as one people.
  496. human right
    (law) any basic right or freedom to which all human beings are entitled and in whose exercise a government may not interfere (including rights to life and liberty as well as freedom of thought and expression and equality before the law)
    That's why we stand with the girl who yearns to go to school in Afghanistan; why we support the human rights of the women marching through the streets of Iran; why we advocate for the young man denied a job by corruption in Guinea.
  497. embrace
    squeeze (someone) tightly in your arms, usually with fondness
    You've trimmed some of this spending, you've embraced some meaningful change.
  498. here
    in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is
    For while the people who sent us here have different backgrounds, different stories, different beliefs, the anxieties they face are the same.
  499. restore
    bring back into original existence, use, function, or position
    And when the vote comes tomorrow, the Senate should restore the pay-as-you-go law that was a big reason for why we had record surpluses in the 1990s.
  500. even
    being level or straight or regular and without variation as e.g. in shape or texture; or being in the same plane or at the same height as something else (i.e. even with)
    But when you talk to small businessowners in places like Allentown, Pennsylvania, or Elyria, Ohio, you find out that even though banks on Wall Street are lending again, they're mostly lending to bigger companies.
  501. Conrad
    English novelist (born in Poland) noted for sea stories and for his narrative technique (1857-1924)
    That's why I've called for a bipartisan fiscal commission, modeled on a proposal by Republican Judd Gregg and Democrat Kent Conrad.
  502. despite
    contemptuous disregard
    And despite all our divisions and disagreements, our hesitations and our fears, America prevailed because we chose to move forward as one nation, as one people.
  503. borrowing
    obtaining funds from a lender
    But understand -- understand if we don't take meaningful steps to rein in our debt, it could damage our markets, increase the cost of borrowing, and jeopardize our recovery -- all of which would have an even worse effect on our job growth and famil
  504. grandchild
    a child of your son or daughter
    The only reason we are here is because generations of Americans were unafraid to do what was hard; to do what was needed even when success was uncertain; to do what it took to keep the dream of this nation alive for their children and their grandchildr
  505. across
    to the opposite side
    Experts from across the political spectrum warned that if we did not act, we might face a second depression.
  506. allow
    make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen
    We do not allow fear or division to break our spirit.
  507. obstruct
    block passage through
    Neither party should delay or obstruct every single bill just because they can.
  508. pathway
    a trodden path
    That's why I urge the Senate to follow the House and pass a bill that will revitalize our community colleges, which are a career pathway to the children of so many working families.
  509. income tax
    a personal tax levied on annual income
    And we haven't raised income taxes by a single dime on a single person.
  510. approach
    move towards
    The approach we've taken would protect every American from the worst practices of the insurance industry.
  511. violate
    fail to agree with; be in violation of; as of rules or patterns
    Now, these diplomatic efforts have also strengthened our hand in dealing with those nations that insist on violating international agreements in pursuit of nuclear weapons.
  512. trade
    the commercial exchange (buying and selling on domestic or international markets) of goods and services
    If America sits on the sidelines while other nations sign trade deals, we will lose the chance to create jobs on our shores.
  513. mom
    informal terms for a mother
    The toughest to read are those written by children -- asking why they have to move from their home, asking when their mom or dad will be able to go back to work.
  514. CEO
    the corporate executive responsible for the operations of the firm; reports to a board of directors; may appoint other managers (including a president)
    But each time a CEO rewards himself for failure, or a banker puts the rest of us at risk for his own selfish gain, people's doubts grow.
  515. dominate
    be in control
    Rather than fight the same tired battles that have dominated Washington for decades, it's time to try something new.
  516. untouched
    emotionally unmoved
    Last year, we made the largest investment in basic research funding in history -- (applause) -- an investment that could lead to the world's cheapest solar cells or treatment that kills cancer cells but leaves healthy ones untouched.
  517. building
    the act of constructing something
    After one of the most difficult years in our history, they remain busy building cars and teaching kids, starting businesses and going back to school.
  518. equal
    having the same quantity, value, or measure as another
    We find unity in our incredible diversity, drawing on the promise enshrined in our Constitution: the notion that we're all created equal; that no matter who you are or what you look like, if you abide by the law you should be protected by it; if yo
  519. life
    the organic phenomenon that distinguishes living organisms from nonliving ones
    And for those who'd already known poverty, life has become that much harder.
  520. decline
    grow worse
    Home values have declined.
  521. different
    unlike in nature or quality or form or degree
    For while the people who sent us here have different backgrounds, different stories, different beliefs, the anxieties they face are the same.
  522. long-term
    relating to or extending over a relatively long time
    The only way to move to full employment is to lay a new foundation for long-term economic growth, and finally address the problems that America's families have confronted for years.
  523. Pennsylvania
    a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies
    But when you talk to small businessowners in places like Allentown, Pennsylvania, or Elyria, Ohio, you find out that even though banks on Wall Street are lending again, they're mostly lending to bigger companies.
  524. save
    bring into safety
    This recession has also compounded the burdens that America's families have been dealing with for decades -- the burden of working harder and longer for less; of being unable to save enough to retire or help kids with college.
  525. put
    cause to be in a certain state; cause to be in a certain relation
    Next, we can put Americans to work today building the infrastructure of tomorrow.
  526. vulnerable
    capable of being wounded or hurt
    And at April's Nuclear Security Summit, we will bring 44 nations together here in Washington, D.C. behind a clear goal: securing all vulnerable nuclear materials around the world in four years, so that they never fall into the hands of terrorists.
  527. epidemic
    a widespread outbreak of an infectious disease; many people are infected at the same time
    And by the way, I want to acknowledge our First Lady, Michelle Obama, who this year is creating a national movement to tackle the epidemic of childhood obesity and make kids healthier.
  528. frustrated
    disappointingly unsuccessful
    Some are frustrated; some are angry.
  529. effort
    use of physical or mental energy; hard work
    So I supported the last administration's efforts to create the financial rescue program.
  530. D.C.
    the district occupied entirely by the city of Washington; chosen by George Washington as the site of the capital of the United States and created out of land ceded by Maryland and Virginia
    And at April's Nuclear Security Summit, we will bring 44 nations together here in Washington, D.C. behind a clear goal: securing all vulnerable nuclear materials around the world in four years, so that they never fall into the hands of terrorists.
  531. grudge
    a resentment strong enough to justify retaliation
    The confirmation of well-qualified public servants shouldn't be held hostage to the pet projects or grudges of a few individual senators.
  532. again
    anew
    Again, we are tested.
  533. disclose
    disclose to view as by removing a cover
    It's time to require lobbyists to disclose each contact they make on behalf of a client with my administration or with Congress.
  534. afloat
    borne on the water; floating
    So tonight, I'm proposing that we take $30 billion of the money Wall Street banks have repaid and use it to help community banks give small businesses the credit they need to stay afloat.
  535. neighbor
    a person who lives (or is located) near another
    They're coaching Little League and helping their neighbors.
  536. tempting
    highly attractive and able to arouse hope or desire
    It's tempting to look back on these moments and assume that our progress was inevitable -- that America was always destined to succeed.
  537. corporation
    a business firm whose articles of incorporation have been approved in some state
    With all due deference to separation of powers, last week the Supreme Court reversed a century of law that I believe will open the floodgates for special interests -- including foreign corporations -- to spend without limit in our elections.
  538. middle class
    the social class between the lower and upper classes
    Now, the price of college tuition is just one of the burdens facing the middle class.
  539. bonus
    an additional payment (or other remuneration) to employees as a means of increasing output
    But if these firms can afford to hand out big bonuses again, they can afford a modest fee to pay back the taxpayers who rescued them in their time of need.
  540. give
    transfer possession of something concrete or abstract to somebody
    Madam Speaker, Vice President Biden, members of Congress, distinguished guests, and fellow Americans: Our Constitution declares that from time to time, the President shall give to Congress information about the state of our union.
  541. instead
    in place of, or as an alternative to
    And the idea here is simple: Instead of rewarding failure, we only reward success.
  542. Islamic
    of or relating to or supporting Islamism
    That's why the international community is more united, and the Islamic Republic of Iran is more isolated.
  543. bad
    having undesirable or negative qualities
    And one year later, the worst of the storm has passed.
  544. argue
    have an argument about something
    Now, I know that some in my own party will argue that we can't address the deficit or freeze government spending when so many are still hurting.
  545. interested
    having or showing interest; especially curiosity or fascination or concern
    Look, I am not interested in punishing banks.
  546. diversity
    noticeable heterogeneity
    We find unity in our incredible diversity, drawing on the promise enshrined in our Constitution: the notion that we're all created equal; that no matter who you are or what you look like, if you abide by the law you should be protected by it; if yo
  547. vice president
    an executive officer ranking immediately below a president; may serve in the president's place under certain circumstances
    Madam Speaker, Vice President Biden, members of Congress, distinguished guests, and fellow Americans: Our Constitution declares that from time to time, the President shall give to Congress information about the state of our union.
  548. going away
    the act of departing
    But I also know this problem is not going away.
  549. healthy
    having or indicating good health in body or mind; free from infirmity or disease
    A strong, healthy financial market makes it possible for businesses to access credit and create new jobs.
  550. embarrassing
    causing to feel shame or chagrin or vexation
    But what frustrates the American people is a Washington where every day is Election Day. We can't wage a perpetual campaign where the only goal is to see who can get the most embarrassing headlines about the other side -- a belief that if you lose,
  551. taunt
    harass with persistent criticism or carping
    So let's put aside the schoolyard taunts about who's tough.
  552. end
    either extremity of something that has length
    And we're on track to add another one and a half million jobs to this total by the end of the year.
  553. plan
    a series of steps to be carried out or goals to be accomplished
    The plan that has made all of this possible, from the tax cuts to the jobs, is the Recovery Act. (Applause.)
  554. institution
    a custom that for a long time has been an important feature of some group or society
    We can't allow financial institutions, including those that take your deposits, to take risks that threaten the whole economy.
  555. growth
    (biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level
    The only way to move to full employment is to lay a new foundation for long-term economic growth, and finally address the problems that America's families have confronted for years.
  556. bring
    take something or somebody with oneself somewhere
    But that can only happen if we guard against the same recklessness that nearly brought down our entire economy.
  557. belt
    endless loop of flexible material between two rotating shafts or pulleys
    I didn't choose to tackle this issue to get some legislative victory under my belt.
  558. malicious
    having the nature of or resulting from malice
    Washington may think that saying anything about the other side, no matter how false, no matter how malicious, is just part of the game.
  559. calling
    the particular occupation for which you are trained
    That is why jobs must be our number-one focus in 2010, and that's why I'm calling for a new jobs bill tonight.
  560. step up
    increase in extent or intensity
    This year, we will step up refinancing so that homeowners can move into more affordable mortgages.
  561. century
    ten 10s
    In the 21st century, the best anti-poverty program around is a world-class education.
  562. hamper
    prevent the progress or free movement of
    As hard as it may be, as uncomfortable and contentious as the debates may become, it's time to get serious about fixing the problems that are hampering our growth.
  563. deliver
    bring to a destination, make a delivery
    And tonight, tonight I'd like to talk about how together we can deliver on that promise.
  564. party
    an occasion on which people can assemble for social interaction and entertainment
    And according to the Congressional Budget Office -- the independent organization that both parties have cited as the official scorekeeper for Congress -- our approach would bring down the deficit by as much as $1 trillion over the next two decades.
  565. costs
    pecuniary reimbursement to the winning party for the expenses of litigation
    And by the way, it's time for colleges and universities to get serious about cutting their own costs -- (applause) -- because they, too, have a responsibility to help solve this problem.
  566. precisely
    in a precise manner
    And it is precisely to relieve the burden on middle-class families that we still need health insurance reform.
  567. deference
    courteous regard for people's feelings
    With all due deference to separation of powers, last week the Supreme Court reversed a century of law that I believe will open the floodgates for special interests -- including foreign corporations -- to spend without limit in our elections.
  568. over
    beyond the top or upper surface or edge; forward from an upright position
    And when we took that program over, we made it more transparent and more accountable.
  569. street
    a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings
    They don't understand why it seems like bad behavior on Wall Street is rewarded, but hard work on Main Street isn't; or why Washington has been unable or unwilling to solve any of our problems.
  570. shore
    the land along the edge of a body of water
    Our most urgent task upon taking office was to shore up the same banks that helped cause this crisis.
  571. prescription
    directions prescribed beforehand; the action of prescribing authoritative rules or directions
    Most of this was the result of not paying for two wars, two tax cuts, and an expensive prescription drug program.
  572. two
    the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number
    One year ago, I took office amid two wars, an economy rocked by a severe recession, a financial system on the verge of collapse, and a government deeply in debt.
  573. determination
    the act of determining the properties of something, usually by research or calculation
    Through sheer grit and determination, these companies have weathered the recession and they're ready to grow.
  574. vote in
    elect in a voting process
    And if the Republican leadership is going to insist that 60 votes in the Senate are required to do any business at all in this town -- a supermajority -- then the responsibility to govern is now yours as well.
  575. trimmed
    made neat and tidy by trimming
    You've trimmed some of this spending, you've embraced some meaningful change.
  576. democracy
    the political orientation of those who favor government by the people or by their elected representatives
    They're the very essence of our democracy.
  577. end up
    finally be or do something
    And if the bill that ends up on my desk does not meet the test of real reform, I will send it back until we get it right.
  578. priority
    status established in order of importance or urgency
    These disagreements, about the role of government in our lives, about our national priorities and our national security, they've been taking place for over 200 years.
  579. competitive
    involving competition or competitiveness
    It would give small businesses and uninsured Americans a chance to choose an affordable health care plan in a competitive market.
  580. unity
    an undivided or unbroken completeness or totality with nothing wanting
    Sadly, some of the unity we felt after 9/11 has dissipated.
  581. trying
    hard to endure
    We cut taxes for parents trying to care for their children.
  582. move into
    to come or go into
    This year, we will step up refinancing so that homeowners can move into more affordable mortgages.
  583. prohibited
    forbidden by law
    We've prohibited torture and strengthened partnerships from the Pacific to South Asia to the Arabian Peninsula.
  584. reversed
    turned about in order or relation
    With all due deference to separation of powers, last week the Supreme Court reversed a century of law that I believe will open the floodgates for special interests -- including foreign corporations -- to spend without limit in our elections.
  585. exclude
    prevent from entering; shut out
    That's why we've excluded lobbyists from policymaking jobs, or seats on federal boards and commissions.
  586. subsidy
    a grant paid by a government to an enterprise that benefits the public
    To make college more affordable, this bill will finally end the unwarranted taxpayer subsidies that go to banks for student loans.
  587. leaders
    the body of people who lead a group
    For 220 years, our leaders have fulfilled this duty.
  588. Guinea
    a republic in western Africa on the Atlantic; formerly a French colony; achieved independence from France in 1958
    That's why we stand with the girl who yearns to go to school in Afghanistan; why we support the human rights of the women marching through the streets of Iran; why we advocate for the young man denied a job by corruption in Guinea.
  589. increased
    made greater in size or amount or degree
    That's why we extended or increased unemployment benefits for more than 18 million Americans; made health insurance 65 percent cheaper for families who get their coverage through COBRA; and passed 25 different tax cuts.
  590. weapon
    any instrument or instrumentality used in fighting or hunting
    Now, even as we prosecute two wars, we're also confronting perhaps the greatest danger to the American people -- the threat of nuclear weapons.
  591. break through
    pass through (a barrier)
    Now, this year, we've broken through the stalemate between left and right by launching a national competition to improve our schools.
  592. fight
    be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight
    But we cannot let them win this fight.
  593. break
    destroy the integrity of; usually by force; cause to separate into pieces or fragments
    We do not allow fear or division to break our spirit.
  594. isolation
    the act of isolating something; setting something apart from others
    That's why North Korea now faces increased isolation, and stronger sanctions -- sanctions that are being vigorously enforced.
  595. there
    in or at that place
    So I know the anxieties that are out there right now.
  596. blocked
    completely obstructed or closed off
    Now, yesterday, the Senate blocked a bill that would have created this commission.
  597. immigration
    migration into a place (especially migration to a country of which you are not a native in order to settle there)
    And we should continue the work of fixing our broken immigration system -- to secure our borders and enforce our laws, and ensure that everyone who plays by the rules can contribute to our economy and enrich our nation.
  598. always
    at all times; all the time and on every occasion
    It's tempting to look back on these moments and assume that our progress was inevitable -- that America was always destined to succeed.
  599. project
    a planned undertaking
    There are projects like that all across this country that will create jobs and help move our nation's goods, services, and information.
  600. troops
    soldiers collectively
    And in Afghanistan, we're increasing our troops and training Afghan security forces so they can begin to take the lead in July of 2011, and our troops can begin to come home.
  601. wait
    time during which some action is awaited
    For those who make these claims, I have one simple question: How long should we wait?
  602. dealing
    method or manner of conduct in relation to others
    This recession has also compounded the burdens that America's families have been dealing with for decades -- the burden of working harder and longer for less; of being unable to save enough to retire or help kids with college.
  603. AIDS
    a serious (often fatal) disease of the immune system transmitted through blood products especially by sexual contact or contaminated needles
    We're helping developing countries to feed themselves, and continuing the fight against HIV/AIDS.
  604. in this
    (formal) in or into that thing or place
    In this new decade, it's time the American people get a government that matches their decency; that embodies their strength.
  605. law
    the collection of rules imposed by authority
    And when the vote comes tomorrow, the Senate should restore the pay-as-you-go law that was a big reason for why we had record surpluses in the 1990s.
  606. double
    consisting of or involving two parts or components usually in pairs
    And if we had allowed the meltdown of the financial system, unemployment might be double what it is today.
  607. employment
    the state of being employed or having a job
    The only way to move to full employment is to lay a new foundation for long-term economic growth, and finally address the problems that America's families have confronted for years.
  608. success
    an event that accomplishes its intended purpose
    But I realize that for every success story, there are other stories, of men and women who wake up with the anguish of not knowing where their next paycheck will come from; who send out resumes week after week and hear nothing in response.
  609. Asia
    the largest continent with 60% of the earth's population; it is joined to Europe on the west to form Eurasia; it is the site of some of the world's earliest civilizations
    And that's why we'll continue to shape a Doha trade agreement that opens global markets, and why we will strengthen our trade relations in Asia and with key partners like South Korea and Panama and Colombia.
  610. President
    the person who holds the office of head of state of the United States government
    Madam Speaker, Vice President Biden, members of Congress, distinguished guests, and fellow Americans: Our Constitution declares that from time to time, the President shall give to Congress information about the state of our union.
  611. address
    the place where a person or organization can be found or communicated with
    The only way to move to full employment is to lay a new foundation for long-term economic growth, and finally address the problems that America's families have confronted for years.
  612. threaten
    to utter intentions of injury or punishment against:"He threatened me when I tried to call the police"
    We can't allow financial institutions, including those that take your deposits, to take risks that threaten the whole economy.
  613. begin
    set in motion, cause to start
    It begins with our economy.
  614. regional
    characteristic of a region
    We will support the Iraqi government -- we will support the Iraqi government as they hold elections, and we will continue to partner with the Iraqi people to promote regional peace and prosperity.
  615. share
    assets belonging to or due to or contributed by an individual person or group
    The aspirations they hold are shared: a job that pays the bills; a chance to get ahead; most of all, the ability to give their children a better life.
  616. partnership
    a cooperative relationship between people or groups who agree to share responsibility for achieving some specific goal
    We've prohibited torture and strengthened partnerships from the Pacific to South Asia to the Arabian Peninsula.
  617. shutter
    a hinged blind for a window
    Many businesses have shuttered.
  618. focus on
    center upon
    Since the day I took office, we've renewed our focus on the terrorists who threaten our nation.
  619. senior
    advanced in years; (`aged' is pronounced as two syllables)
    But if anyone from either party has a better approach that will bring down premiums, bring down the deficit, cover the uninsured, strengthen Medicare for seniors, and stop insurance company abuses, let me know.
  620. school
    an educational institution
    After one of the most difficult years in our history, they remain busy building cars and teaching kids, starting businesses and going back to school.
  621. billion
    denoting a quantity consisting of one thousand million items or units in the United States
    So tonight, I'm proposing that we take $30 billion of the money Wall Street banks have repaid and use it to help community banks give small businesses the credit they need to stay afloat.
  622. solved
    explained or answered
    This can't be one of those Washington gimmicks that lets us pretend we solved a problem.
  623. strength
    the property of being physically or mentally strong
    These were the times that tested the courage of our convictions, and the strength of our union.
  624. elementary
    of or being the essential or basic part
    When we renew the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, we will work with Congress to expand these reforms to all 50 states.
  625. slash
    cut with sweeping strokes; as with an ax or machete
    And to encourage these and other businesses to stay within our borders, it is time to finally slash the tax breaks for companies that ship our jobs overseas, and give those tax breaks to companies that create jobs right here in the United States of
  626. lobby
    a large entrance or reception room or area
    And I know that with all the lobbying and horse-trading, the process left most Americans wondering, "What's in it for me?"
  627. overseas
    beyond or across the sea
    And to encourage these and other businesses to stay within our borders, it is time to finally slash the tax breaks for companies that ship our jobs overseas, and give those tax breaks to companies that create jobs right here in the United States of
  628. federal government
    a government with strong central powers
    The federal government should do the same.
  629. desk
    a piece of furniture with a writing surface and usually drawers or other compartments
    And I want a jobs bill on my desk without delay.
  630. lead
    take somebody somewhere
    Last year, we made the largest investment in basic research funding in history -- (applause) -- an investment that could lead to the world's cheapest solar cells or treatment that kills cancer cells but leaves healthy ones untouched.
  631. through
    having finished or arrived at completion
    And what the American people hope -- what they deserve -- is for all of us, Democrats and Republicans, to work through our differences; to overcome the numbing weight of our politics.
  632. posture
    the arrangement of the body and its limbs
    It's a challenge that makes all others that much harder to solve, and one that's been subject to a lot of political posturing.
  633. sustain
    lengthen or extend in duration or space
    We're working through the G20 to sustain a lasting global recovery.
  634. Arabian
    a member of a Semitic people originally from the Arabian peninsula and surrounding territories who speaks Arabic and who inhabits much of the Middle East and northern Africa
    We've prohibited torture and strengthened partnerships from the Pacific to South Asia to the Arabian Peninsula.
  635. respond
    show a response or a reaction to something
    And we are launching a new initiative that will give us the capacity to respond faster and more effectively to bioterrorism or an infectious disease -- a plan that will counter threats at home and strengthen public health abroad.
  636. try
    make an effort or attempt
    We cut taxes for parents trying to care for their children.
  637. troop
    a group of soldiers
    And in Afghanistan, we're increasing our troops and training Afghan security forces so they can begin to take the lead in July of 2011, and our troops can begin to come home.
  638. discrimination
    unfair treatment of a person or group on the basis of prejudice
    My administration has a Civil Rights Division that is once again prosecuting civil rights violations and employment discrimination.
  639. poverty
    the state of having little or no money and few or no material possessions
    And for those who'd already known poverty, life has become that much harder.
  640. Constitution
    the constitution written at the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia in 1787 and subsequently ratified by the original thirteen states
    Madam Speaker, Vice President Biden, members of Congress, distinguished guests, and fellow Americans: Our Constitution declares that from time to time, the President shall give to Congress information about the state of our union.
  641. anew
    again but in a new or different way
    Let's seize this moment -- to start anew, to carry the dream forward, and to strengthen our union once more.
  642. Panama
    a republic on the Isthmus of Panama; achieved independence from Colombia in 1903
    And that's why we'll continue to shape a Doha trade agreement that opens global markets, and why we will strengthen our trade relations in Asia and with key partners like South Korea and Panama and Colombia.
  643. stimulus
    any stimulating information or event; acts to arouse action
    That's right -- the Recovery Act, also known as the stimulus bill.
  644. history
    a record or narrative description of past events
    And again, we must answer history's call.
  645. headline
    the heading or caption of a newspaper article
    But what frustrates the American people is a Washington where every day is Election Day. We can't wage a perpetual campaign where the only goal is to see who can get the most embarrassing headlines about the other side -- a belief that if you lose,
  646. civil
    of or occurring within the state or between or among citizens of the state
    When the market crashed on Black Tuesday, and civil rights marchers were beaten on Bloody Sunday, the future was anything but certain.
  647. compete
    compete for something; engage in a contest; measure oneself against others
    From the first railroads to the Interstate Highway System, our nation has always been built to compete.
  648. veto
    a vote that blocks a decision
    And if I have to enforce this discipline by veto, I will.
  649. saving
    recovery or preservation from loss or danger
    It channels the savings of families into investments that raise incomes.