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abbreviation
shortening something by omitting parts of it
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actor
a theatrical performer
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adjective
the word class that qualifies nouns
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adverb
a word that modifies something other than a noun
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advertisement
a public promotion of some product or service
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affix
attach to
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alphabet
a character set that includes letters and is used to write a language
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animation
quality of being active or spirited or alive and vigorous
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antonym
a word that expresses a meaning opposed to the meaning of another word, in which case the two words are antonyms of each other
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apology
an expression of regret at having caused trouble for someone
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apostrophe
the mark (') used to indicate the omission of one or more letters from a printed word
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appendix
a vestigial process that extends from the lower end of the cecum and that resembles a small pouch
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audience
a gathering of spectators or listeners at a (usually public) performance
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author
writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)
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auxiliary verb
a verb that combines with another verb in a verb phrase to help form tense, mood, voice, or condition of the verb it combines with
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blend
mix together different elements
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book
physical objects consisting of a number of pages bound together
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brainstorm
try to solve a problem by thinking intensely about it
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capitalization
writing in capital letters
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card catalog
a library catalog in which each publication is described on a separate file card
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cartoon
a humorous or satirical drawing published in a newspaper or magazine
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chapter
a subdivision of a written work; usually numbered and titled
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character
a characteristic property that defines the apparent individual nature of something
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chart
a visual display of information
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checklist
a list of items (names or tasks etc.) to be checked or consulted
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citation
an official award (as for bravery or service) usually given as formal public statement
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colon
the part of the large intestine between the cecum and the rectum; it extracts moisture from food residues before they are excreted
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comma
a punctuation mark (,) used to indicate the separation of elements within the grammatical structure of a sentence
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command
an authoritative direction or instruction to do something
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commercial
connected with or engaged in or sponsored by or used in commerce or commercial enterprises
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common noun
a noun that denotes any or all members of a class
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complex sentence
a sentence composed of at least one main clause and one subordinate clause
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composition
the way in which someone or something is composed
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comprehension
an ability to understand the meaning or importance of something (or the knowledge acquired as a result)
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conclusion
a position or opinion or judgment reached after consideration
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contraction
the act of decreasing (something) in size or volume or quantity or scope
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contrast
the opposition or dissimilarity of things that are compared
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conversation
the use of speech for informal exchange of views or ideas or information etc.
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cue
an actor's line that immediately precedes and serves as a reminder for some action or speech
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cursive
rapid handwriting in which letters are set down in full and are cursively connected within words without lifting the writing implement from the paper
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custom
accepted or habitual practice
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declarative sentence
a sentence (in the indicative mood) that makes a declaration
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decode
convert code into ordinary language
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definition
a concise explanation of the meaning of a word or phrase or symbol
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detail
a small part that can be considered separately from the whole
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diary
a daily written record of (usually personal) experiences and observations
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dictionary
a reference book containing an alphabetical list of words with information about them
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director
someone who controls resources and expenditures
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discussion
an extended communication (often interactive) dealing with some particular topic
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double negative
an affirmative constructed from two negatives
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draft
a current of air (usually coming into a chimney or room or vehicle)
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drama
a dramatic work intended for performance by actors on a stage
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drawing
a representation of forms or objects on a surface by means of lines
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e-mail
(computer science) a system of world-wide electronic communication in which a computer user can compose a message at one terminal that can be regenerated at the recipient's terminal when the recipient logs in
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edit
prepare for publication or presentation by correcting, revising, or adapting
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encyclopedia
a reference work (often in several volumes) containing articles on various topics (often arranged in alphabetical order) dealing with the entire range of human knowledge or with some particular specialty
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ending
the act of ending something
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essay
an analytic or interpretive literary composition
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example
an item of information that is typical of a class or group
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explanation
the act of explaining; making something plain or intelligible
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expression
the communication (in speech or writing) of your beliefs or opinions
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fable
a short moral story (often with animal characters)
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facial expression
a gesture executed with the facial muscles
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fairy tale
a story about fairies; told to amuse children
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fantasy
imagination unrestricted by reality
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fiction
a literary work based on the imagination and not necessarily on fact
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first name
the name that precedes the surname
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first person
pronouns and verbs used to refer to the speaker or writer of the language in which they occur
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folktale
a tale circulated by word of mouth among the common folk
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genre
a kind of literary or artistic work
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gesture
motion of hands or body to emphasize or help to express a thought or feeling
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glossary
an alphabetical list of technical terms in some specialized field of knowledge; usually published as an appendix to a text on that field
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grammar
the branch of linguistics that deals with syntax and morphology (and sometimes also deals with semantics)
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graphic artist
an artist who designs and makes prints
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graphics
photographs or other visual representations in a printed publication
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greeting
(usually plural) an acknowledgment or expression of good will (especially on meeting)
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group discussion
a discussion among participants who have an agreed (serious) topic
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heading
a line of text serving to indicate what the passage below it is about
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headline
the heading or caption of a newspaper article
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humor
a message whose ingenuity or verbal skill or incongruity has the power to evoke laughter
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illustration
a visual representation (a picture or diagram) that is used make some subject more pleasing or easier to understand
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imagery
the ability to form mental images of things or events
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indentation
the space left between the margin and the start of an indented line
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index
an alphabetical listing of names and topics along with page numbers where they are discussed
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inference
the reasoning involved in drawing a conclusion or making a logical judgment on the basis of circumstantial evidence and prior conclusions rather than on the basis of direct observation
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internet
a computer network consisting of a worldwide network of computer networks that use the TCP/IP network protocols to facilitate data transmission and exchange
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interrogative sentence
a sentence of inquiry that asks for a reply
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introduction
the act of beginning something new
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investigate
conduct an inquiry or investigation of
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invitation
a request (spoken or written) to participate or be present or take part in something
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journal
a daily written record of (usually personal) experiences and observations
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key word
a significant word used in indexing or cataloging
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language
a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols
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last name
the name used to identify the members of a family (as distinguished from each member's given name)
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legend
a story about mythical or supernatural beings or events
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letter
a written message addressed to a person or organization
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linking verb
an equating verb (such as `be' or `become') that links the subject with the complement of a sentence
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list
a database containing an ordered array of items (names or topics)
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literature
published writings in a particular style on a particular subject
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lowercase
relating to small (not capitalized) letters that were kept in the lower half of a compositor's type case
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magazine
a periodic publication containing pictures and stories and articles of interest to those who purchase it or subscribe to it
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margin
the boundary line or the area immediately inside the boundary
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mental image
an iconic mental representation
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message
a communication (usually brief) that is written or spoken or signaled
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miscue
a faulty shot in billiards; the cue tip slips off the cue ball
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mood
a characteristic (habitual or relatively temporary) state of feeling
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motive
the psychological feature that arouses an organism to action toward a desired goal; the reason for the action; that which gives purpose and direction to behavior
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mystery
something that baffles understanding and cannot be explained
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myth
a traditional story accepted as history; serves to explain the world view of a people
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negative
characterized by or displaying negation or denial or opposition or resistance; having no positive features
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news
information about recent and important events
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newspaper
a daily or weekly publication on folded sheets; contains news and articles and advertisements
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nonfiction
prose writing that is not fictional
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noun
a content word that can be used to refer to a person, place, thing, quality, or action
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novel
an extended fictional work in prose; usually in the form of a story
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object
a tangible and visible entity; an entity that can cast a shadow
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opinion
a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty
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oral presentation
delivering an address to a public audience
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organization
an ordered manner; orderliness by virtue of being methodical and well organized
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outline
the line that appears to bound an object
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pamphlet
a small book usually having a paper cover
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paragraph
one of several distinct subdivisions of a text intended to separate ideas; the beginning is usually marked by a new indented line
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passage
the act of passing from one state or place to the next
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past tense
a verb tense that expresses actions or states in the past
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peer review
evaluate professionally a colleague's work
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pen pal
a person you come to know by frequent friendly correspondence
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period
an amount of time
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personal letter
a letter dealing with personal affairs
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personal pronoun
a pronoun expressing a distinction of person
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photographer
someone who takes photographs professionally
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phrase
an expression consisting of one or more words forming a grammatical constituent of a sentence
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picture book
a book consisting chiefly of pictures
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pitch
the property of sound that varies with variation in the frequency of vibration
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plot
a small area of ground covered by specific vegetation
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poem
a composition written in metrical feet forming rhythmical lines
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point of view
a mental position from which things are viewed
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posture
the arrangement of the body and its limbs
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preface
a short introductory essay preceding the text of a book
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prefix
an affix that is added in front of the word
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preposition
a function word that combines with a noun or pronoun or noun phrase to form a prepositional phrase that can have an adverbial or adjectival relation to some other word
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prepositional phrase
a phrase beginning with a preposition
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presentation
the activity of formally presenting something (as a prize or reward)
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preview
an advertisement consisting of short scenes from a motion picture that will appear in the near future
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print
the text appearing in a book, newspaper, or other printed publication
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pronoun
a function word that is used in place of a noun or noun phrase
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pronunciation
the manner in which someone utters a word
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proofread
read for errors
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proper noun
a noun that denotes a particular thing; usually capitalized
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publish
prepare and issue for public distribution or sale
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punctuation
the use of certain marks to clarify meaning of written material by grouping words grammatically into sentences and clauses and phrases
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purpose
what something is used for
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question
a sentence of inquiry that asks for a reply
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question mark
a punctuation mark (?) placed at the end of a sentence to indicate a question
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quotation
a passage or expression that is quoted or cited
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rating
standing or position on a scale
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request
express the need or desire for; ask for
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reread
read anew; read again
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retell
to say, state, or perform again
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revise
make revisions in
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rhyme
correspondence in the sounds of two or more lines (especially final sounds)
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root word
(linguistics) the form of a word after all affixes are removed
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scan
examine minutely or intensely
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science fiction
literary fantasy involving the imagined impact of science on society
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second person
pronouns and verbs used to refer to the person addressed by the language in which they occur
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sentence
a string of words satisfying the grammatical rules of a language
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sentence structure
the grammatical arrangement of words in sentences
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setting
the physical position of something
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short story
a prose narrative shorter than a novel
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sign
a perceptible indication of something not immediately apparent (as a visible clue that something has happened)
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signature
your name written in your own handwriting
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skim
remove from the surface
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sound effect
an effect that imitates a sound called for in the script of a play
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source
the place where something begins, where it springs into being
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special effect
an effect used to produce scenes that cannot be achieved by normal techniques (especially on film)
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speech
(language) communication by word of mouth
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spelling
forming words with letters according to the principles underlying accepted usage
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subject
some situation or event that is thought about
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suffix
an affix that is added at the end of the word
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summarize
give a summary (of)
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summary
briefly giving the gist of something
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suspense
an uncertain cognitive state
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syllabication
forming or dividing words into syllables
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syllable
a unit of spoken language larger than a phoneme
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symbol
something visible that by association or convention represents something else that is invisible
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symbolism
the practice of investing things with symbolic meaning
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synonym
two words that can be interchanged in a context are said to be synonymous relative to that context
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table
a piece of furniture having a smooth flat top that is usually supported by one or more vertical legs
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table of contents
a list of divisions (chapters or articles) and the pages on which they start
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take turns
do something in turns
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tall tale
an improbable (unusual or incredible or fanciful) story
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target language
the language into which a text written in another language is to be translated
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television program
a program broadcast by television
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tense
taut or rigid; stretched tight
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text
the words of something written
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textbook
a book prepared for use in schools or colleges
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theater
a building where theatrical performances or motion-picture shows can be presented
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theme
the subject matter of a conversation or discussion
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thesaurus
a book containing a classified list of synonyms
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third person
pronouns and verbs that are used to refer to something other than the speaker or addressee of the language in which they occur
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title
the name of a work of art or literary composition etc.
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title page
a page of a book displaying the title and author and publisher
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tone
(music) the distinctive property of a complex sound (a voice or noise or musical sound)
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topic sentence
a sentence that states the topic of its paragraph
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typeface
a specific size and style of type within a type family
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typing
writing done with a typewriter
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uppercase
relating to capital letters which were kept in the top half of a compositor's type case
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usage
the act of using
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verb
a content word that denotes an action, occurrence, or state of existence
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videotape
a relatively wide magnetic tape for use in recording visual images and associated sound
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villain
a wicked or evil person; someone who does evil deliberately
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vocabulary
a language user's knowledge of words
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voice
the sound made by the vibration of vocal folds modified by the resonance of the vocal tract
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volume
the property of something that is great in magnitude
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vowel sound
a speech sound made with the vocal tract open
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website
a computer connected to the internet that maintains a series of web pages on the World Wide Web