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Chinua Achebe's "Things Fall Apart" Chapters 17-25 158 words

Vocabulary study list for Chinua Achebe's "Things Fall Apart" (Chapters 17-25).

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  1. ostracize
    expel from a community or group
    But let us ostracize these men.
  2. desecrate
    violate the sacred character of a place or language
    The other egwugwu immediately surrounded their desecrated companion, to shield him from the profane gaze of women and children, and led him away.
  3. resilient
    recovering readily from adversity, depression, or the like
    But it was a resilient spirit, and in the end Okonkwo overcame his sorrow.
  4. infuriate
    make furious
    One of the most infuriating habits of these people was their love of superfluous words, he thought.
  5. dangle
    hang freely
    The dreaded Otakagu came from Imo, and Ekwensu, dangling a white cock, arrived from Uli. It was a terrible gathering.
  6. amulet
    a trinket or piece of jewelry usually hung about the neck and thought to be a magical protection against evil or disease
    Some of the elders of the clan went with them, wearing heavy protections of charms and amulets.
  7. mope
    be apathetic, gloomy, or dazed
    They were still handcuffed, and they just sat and moped.
  8. agitate
    move or cause to move back and forth
    His voice was unmistakable and so he was able to bring immediate peace to the agitated spirits.
  9. smolder
    burn slowly and without a flame
    He sighed heavily, and as if in sympathy the smoldering log also sighed.
  10. mutilate
    destroy or injure severely
    This woman had allowed her heathen husband to mutilate her dead child.
  11. revere
    regard with feelings of respect and reverence; consider hallowed or exalted or be in awe of
    The royal python was the most revered animal in Mbanta and all the surrounding clans.
  12. scuffle
    fight or struggle in a confused way at close quarters
    There was only a brief scuffle, too brief even to allow the drawing of a sheathed machete.
  13. effeminate
    having unsuitable feminine qualities
    To abandon the gods of one's father and go about with a lot of effeminate men clucking like old hens was the very depth of abomination.
  14. bereaved
    sorrowful through loss or deprivation
    Enoch's devotion to the new faith had seemed so much greater than Mr. Brown's that the villagers called him the outsider who wept louder than the bereaved.
  15. miscreant
    a person without moral scruples
    A sudden fury rose within him and he felt a strong desire to take up his machete, go to the church and wipe out the entire vile and miscreant gang.
  16. eerie
    suggestive of the supernatural; mysterious
    The eerie voices of countless spirits, the bells that clattered behind some of them, and the clash of machetes as they ran forwards and backwards and saluted one another, sent
    tremors of fear into every heart.
  17. irreparable
    impossible to repair, rectify, or amend
    But some of these losses were not irreparable.
  18. perturb
    disturb in mind or make uneasy or cause to be worried or alarmed
    Her husband and his family were already becoming highly critical of such a woman and were not unduly perturbed when they found she had fled to join the Christians.
  19. despicable
    morally reprehensible
    For how else could he explain his great misfortune and exile and now his despicable son's behavior?
  20. enormity
    the quality of extreme wickedness
    Now that he had time to think of it, his son's crime stood out in its stark enormity.
  21. stressed
    suffering severe physical strain or distress
    Our Lord Himself stressed the importance of fewness.
  22. dedicate
    give entirely to a specific person, activity, or cause
    He was a person dedicated to a god, a thing set apart—a taboo for ever, and his children after him.
  23. initiate
    set in motion, start an event or prepare the way for
    Then he would show his wealth by initiating his sons into the ozo society.
  24. sniff
    perceive by inhaling through the nose
    Umuofia was like a startled animal with ears erect, sniffing the silent, ominous air and not knowing which way to run.
  25. discordant
    not in agreement or harmony
    Discordant bells clanged, machetes clashed and the air was full of dust and weird sounds.
  26. unseemly
    not in keeping with accepted standards of what is right or proper in polite society
    They did not carry guns, for that would be unseemly.
  27. tusk
    a hard smooth ivory colored dentine that makes up most of the tusks of elephants and walruses
    He made friends with some of the great men of the clan and on one of his frequent visits to the neighboring villages he had been presented with a carved elephant tusk, which was a sign of dignity and rank.
  28. sonorous
    full and loud and deep
    The silence was broken by the village crier beating his sonorous ogene.
  29. erupt
    start abruptly
    Such was the excessive energy bottled up in
    Enoch's small body that it was always erupting in quarrels and fights.
  30. persevere
    be persistent, refuse to stop
    But the arrivees persevered, and in the end they were received by them They asked for a plot of land to build on,
    An evil forest was where the clan buried all those who died of the really evil diseases, like leprosy and smallpox.
  31. buoyant
    tending to float on a liquid or rise in air or gas
    The young ailing girl who had caused her mother so much heartache had been transformed, almost overnight, into a healthy, buoyant maiden.
  32. appease
    make peace with
    On the morning after the village crier's appeal the men of Umuofia met in the marketplace and decided to collect without delay two hundred and fifty bags of cowries to appease the white man.
  33. cooperate
    work together on a common enterprise of project
    "We shall not do you any harm," said the District Commissioner to them later, "if only you agree to cooperate with us.
  34. kernel
    a single whole grain of a cereal
    The white man had indeed brought a lunatic religion, but he had also built a trading store and for the first time palm-oil and kernel became things of great price, and much money flowed into Umuofia.
  35. disperse
    move away from each other
    And they dispersed.
  36. amends
    something done or paid in expiation of a wrong
    As the years of exile passed one by one it seemed to him that his chi might now be making amends for the past disaster.
  37. pacify
    cause to be more favorably inclined; gain the good will of
    And for the moment the spirit of the clan was pacified.
  38. initiation
    the act of starting something for the first time; introducing something new
    But the initiation rite was performed once in three years in Umuofia, and he had to wait for nearly two years for the next round of ceremonies.
  39. derision
    the act of deriding or treating with contempt
    The Lord shall have them in derision."
  40. indignity
    an affront to one's dignity or self-esteem
    They were grieved by the indignity and mourned for their neglected farms.
  41. pauper
    a person who is very poor
    "We see that every pauper wears the anklet of title in Umuofia.
  42. impotent
    (of a male) unable to copulate
    Living fire begets cold, impotent ash.
  43. degenerate
    a person whose behavior deviates from what is acceptable especially in sexual behavior
    How then could he have begotten a son like Nwoye, degenerate and effeminate?
  44. discourage
    try to prevent; show opposition to
    And so it was mutilated to discourage it from returning.
  45. lizard
    relatively long-bodied reptile with usually two pairs of legs and a tapering tail
    The clan was like a lizard, if it lost its tail it soon grew another.
  46. tremor
    an involuntary vibration (as if from illness or fear)
    The eerie voices of countless spirits, the bells that clattered behind some of them, and the clash of machetes as they ran forwards and backwards and saluted one another, sent
    tremors of fear into every heart.
  47. ferment
    cause to undergo fermentation
    When they had harvested a sizable heap they carried it down in two trips to the stream, where every woman had a shallow well for fermenting her cassava.
  48. tangle
    twist together or entwine into a confusing mass
    Wherever he went he carried with him the mark of his forbidden caste—long, tangled and dirty hair.
  49. arrogant
    having or showing feelings of unwarranted importance out of overbearing pride
    These court messengers were greatly hated in Umuofia because they were foreigners and also arrogant and high-handed.
  50. deter
    turn away from by persuasion
    He disbelieved the story which even some of the most faithful confirmed, the story of really evil children who were not deterred by mutilation, but came back with all the scars.
  51. profane
    grossly irreverent toward what is held to be sacred
    The other egwugwu immediately surrounded their desecrated companion, to shield him from the profane gaze ol women and children, and led him away.
  52. administer
    work in an administrative capacity; supervise or be in charge of
    He knew that he had lost his place among the nine masked spirits who administered justice in the clan.
  53. avenge
    take revenge for a perceived wrong
    But If they chose to be cowards he would go out and avenge lümself.
  54. valor
    the qualities of a hero or heroine; exceptional or heroic courage when facing danger (especially in battle)
    No clan can boast of greater numbers or greater valor.
  55. abominable
    unequivocally detestable
    Okonkwo, who had begun to play a part in the affairs of his motherland, said that until the abominable gang was chased out of the village with whips there would be no peace.
  56. dissolve
    pass into a solution
    "Are you afraid you may dissolve?"
  57. taunt
    harass with persistent criticism or carping
    At night the messengers came in to taunt them and to knock their shaven heads together.
  58. rusty
    covered with or consisting of rust
    It was like the laugh of rusty metal.
  59. clamor
    utter or proclaim insistently and noisily
    To fill the Lord's holy temple with an idolatrous crowd clamoring for signs was a folly of everlasting consequence.
  60. arouse
    call forth (emotions, feelings, and responses)
    It was true his two beautiful daughters aroused great interest among suitors and marriage negotiations were soon in progress, but, beyond that, Umuofia did not appear to have taken any special notice of the warrior's return.
  61. superfluous
    more than is needed, desired, or required
    One of the most infuriating habits of these people was their love of superfluous words, he thought.
  62. provoke
    provide the needed stimulus for
    This growing feeling was due to Mr. Brown, the white missionary, who was very firm in restraining his flock from provoking the wrath of the clan.
  63. rebuke
    an act or expression of criticism and censure
    Mr. Smith had rebuked him in very strong language, and had not sought his advice that morning.
  64. tangled
    in a confused mass
    Wherever he went he carried with him the mark of his forbidden caste—long, tangled and dirty hair.
  65. exclude
    prevent from entering; shut out
    That night a bell-man went through the length and breadth of Mbanta proclaiming that the adherents of the new faith were thenceforth excluded from the life and privileges of the clan.
  66. accidentally
    without intention; in an unintentional manner
    If a clansman killed a royal python accidentally, he made sacrifices of atonement and performed an expensive burial ceremony such as was done for a great man.
  67. quarry
    animal hunted or caught for food
    They set out early that morning, some of them with their water-pots to the stream, another group with hoes and baskets to the village earth pit, and the others to the chalk quarry.
  68. composure
    steadiness of mind under stress
    For a brief moment the onrush of the egwugwu was checked by the unexpected composure of the two men.
  69. assemble
    create by putting components or members together
    But, all the same, the rulers and elders of Mbanta assembled to decide on their action.
  70. adherent
    someone who believes and helps to spread the doctrine of another
    The two outcasts shaved off their hair, and soon they were the strongest adherents of the new faith.
  71. wan
    become pale and sickly
    It was a wan smile, but there was deep gratitude there.
  72. starve
    die of food deprivation
    A man who calls his kinsmen to a feast does not do so to save them from starving.
  73. ail
    be ill or unwell
    The young ailing girl who had caused her mother so much heartache had been transformed, almost overnight, into a healthy, buoyant maiden.
  74. imminent
    close in time; about to occur
    Enoch himself was greatly disappointed when he heard this, for he had hoped that a holy war was imminent,- and there were a few other Christians who thought like him.
  75. zealous
    marked by active interest and enthusiasm
    The over-zealous converts who had smarted under Mr. Brown's restraining hand now flourished in full favor.
  76. administrator
    someone who manages a government agency or department
    The resolute administrator in him gave way to the student of primitive customs.
  77. ominous
    threatening or foreshadowing evil or tragic developments
    Umuofia was like a startled animal with ears erect, sniffing the silent, ominous air and not knowing which way to run.
  78. interpreted
    understood in a certain way; made sense of
    Okeke interpreted wisely to the spirits and leaders of Umuofia: "The white man says he is happy you have come to him with your grievances, like friends.
  79. linked
    connected by a link, as railway cars or trailer trucks
    The footpath that linked them was a very busy one because it also led to the stream, beyond the court.
  80. sinister
    stemming from evil characteristics or forces; wicked or dishonorable
    An evil forest was, therefore, alive with sinister forces and powers of darkness.
  81. prestige
    a high standing achieved through success or influence or wealth etc.
    Mr.
    Brown's mission grew from strength to strength, and because of its link with the new administration it earned a new social prestige.
  82. resolute
    firm in purpose or belief; characterized by firmness and determination
    The resolute administrator in him gave way to the student of primitive customs.
  83. ensure
    make certain of
    Let us talk about it like friends and find a way of ensuring that it does not happen again."
  84. beget
    make children
    How then could he have begotten a son like Nwoye, degenerate and effeminate?
  85. emerge
    come out into view, as from concealment
    At such times the ancestors of the clan who had
    been committed to Mother Earth at their death emerged again as egwugwu through tiny ant-holes.
  86. retiring
    of a person who has held and relinquished a position or office
    They agreed and were already retiring, when Enoch boasted aloud that they would not dare to touch a Christian.
  87. derive
    come from
    Okonkwo turned from one side to the other and derived a kind of pleasure from the pain his back gave him.
  88. ignore
    refuse to acknowledge
    At first he ignored the warning signs.
  89. prosper
    make steady progress; be at the high point in one's career or reach a high point in historical significance or importance
    Although he had prospered in his motherland Okonkwo knew that he would have prospered even more in Umuofia, in the land of his fathers where men were bold and warlike.
  90. sullen
    showing a brooding ill humor
    The six men remained sullen and silent and the Commissioner left them for a while.
  91. grievance
    a complaint about a (real or imaginary) wrong that causes resentment and is grounds for action
    Okeke interpreted wisely to the spirits and leaders of Umuofia: "The white man says he is happy you have come to him with your grievances, like friends.
  92. allegiance
    the act of binding yourself (intellectually or emotionally) to a course of action
    The villagers were so certain about the doom that awaited these men that one or two converts thought it wise to suspend their allegiance to the new faith.
  93. restrained
    under restraint
    But Mr. Kiaga restrained them.
  94. accommodation
    making or becoming suitable; adjusting to circumstances
    He condemned openly Mr. Brown's policy of compromise and accommodation.
  95. tense
    taut or rigid; stretched tight
    But it was only a momentary check, like the tense silence between blasts of thunder.
  96. amend
    make amendments to
    As the years of exile passed one by one it seemed to him that his chi might now be making amends for the past disaster.
  97. energetic
    possessing or exerting or displaying energy
    Everything was possible, he told his energetic flock, but everything was not expedient.
  98. mute
    expressed without speech
    The men of Umuofia were merged into the mute backcloth of trees and giant creepers, waiting.
  99. despise
    look down on with disdain
    But he was
    looking for one man in particular, the man whose tongue he dreaded and despised so much.
  100. stump
    the base part of a tree that remains standing after the tree has been felled
    They just pulled the stump, and earth rose, roots snapped below, and the tuber was pulled out.
  101. potent
    having or wielding force or authority
    It was also the dumping ground for highly potent fetishes of great medicine men when they died.
  102. tumult
    a state of commotion and noise and confusion
    Then an unmistakable voice rose above the tumult and there was immediate silence.
  103. transformed
    given a completely different form or appearance
    The young ailing girl who had caused her mother so much heartache had been transformed, almost overnight, into a healthy, buoyant maiden.
  104. caste
    (Hinduism) a hereditary social class among Hindus; stratified according to ritual purity
    Wherever he went he carried with him the mark of his forbidden caste—long, tangled and dirty hair.
  105. expedient
    appropriate to a purpose; practical
    Everything was possible, he told his energetic flock, but everything was not expedient.
  106. scar
    a mark left (usually on the skin) by the healing of injured tissue
    He disbelieved the story which even some of the most faithful confirmed, the story of really evil children who were not deterred by mutilation, but came back with all the scars.
  107. ignored
    disregarded
    At first he ignored the warning signs.
  108. salute
    greet in a friendly way
    He went into the obi and saluted his father, but he did not answer.
  109. desolate
    providing no shelter or sustenance
    The band of egwugwu moved like a furious whirlwind to Enoch's compound and with machete and fire reduced it to a desolate heap.
  110. deliberate
    carefully thought out in advance
    As they deliberated they could hear the Mother of Spirits wailing for her son.
  111. paragraph
    one of several distinct subdivisions of a text intended to separate ideas; the beginning is usually marked by a new indented line
    Perhaps not a whole chapter but a reasonable paragraph, at any rate.
  112. orator
    a person who delivers a speech or oration
    Okika was a great man and an orator.
  113. presume
    take to be the case or to be true; accept without verification or proof
    "Let us not presume to do so now.
  114. breadth
    the extent of something from side to side
    That night a bell-man went through the length and breadth of Mbanta proclaiming that the adherents of the new faith were thenceforth excluded from the life and privileges of the clan.
  115. forsake
    leave someone who needs or counts on you; leave in the lurch
    "Blessed is he who forsakes his father and his mother for my sake," he intoned.
  116. depression
    a sunken or depressed geological formation
    She had, it was true, her moments of depression when she would snap at everybody like an angry dog.
  117. wail
    a cry of sorrow and grief
    As they deliberated they could hear the Mother of Spirits wailing for her son.
  118. gear
    a toothed wheel that engages another toothed mechanism in order to change the speed or direction of transmitted motion
    He had shaken out his smoked raffia skirt and examined his tall feather head-gear and his shield.
  119. announce
    make known; make an announcement
    "The bell-man announced it last night.
  120. discern
    detect with the senses
    He discerned fright in that tumult.
  121. plague
    any large scale calamity (especially when thought to be sent by God)
    The child had been declared an ogbanje, plaguing its mother by dying and entering her womb to be born again.
  122. convince
    make (someone) agree, understand, or realize the truth or validity of something
    Are you afraid he would convince us not to fight?"
  123. whistle
    the sound made by something moving rapidly or by steam coming out of a small aperture
    There was so much food and drink that many kinsmen whistled in surprise.
  124. substantial
    having substance or capable of being treated as fact; not imaginary
    Although they had not agreed to kill the missionary or drive away the Christians, they had agreed to do something substantial.
  125. shallow
    lacking physical depth; having little spatial extension downward or inward from an outer surface or backward or outward from a center
    When they had harvested a sizable heap they carried it down in two trips to the stream, where every woman had a shallow well for fermenting her cassava.
  126. survive
    continue in existence after (an adversity, etc.)
    At first the clan had assumed that it would not survive.
  127. marvel
    be amazed at
    "When I think that it is only eighteen months since the Seed was first sown among you," he said, "I marvel at what the Lord hath wrought."
  128. regain
    get or find back; recover the use of
    He would return with a flourish, and regain the seven wasted years.
  129. urge
    force or impel in an indicated direction
    His male relations and friends had gathered in his obi, and Obierika was urging him to eat.
  130. interpret
    make sense of; assign a meaning to
    Okeke interpreted wisely to the spirits and leaders of Umuofia: "The white man says he is happy you have come to him with your grievances, like friends.
  131. scratch
    cut the surface of; wear away the surface of
    An animal rubs its itching flank against a tree, a man asks his kinsman to scratch him."
  132. resemble
    appear like; be similar or bear a likeness to
    But Nwoye resembled his grandfather, Unoka, who was Okonkwo's father.
  133. altered
    changed in form or character without becoming something else
    The times which had altered so unaccountably during his exile seemed to be coming round again.
  134. slaughter
    the killing of animals (as for food)
    And so three goats were slaughtered and a number of fowls.
  135. transform
    change or alter in form, appearance, or nature
  136. stress
    special emphasis attached to something
    Our Lord Himself stressed the importance of fewness.
  137. confront
    oppose, as in hostility or a competition
    But now, as he came up and stood by him confronting the angry spirits, Mr. Smith looked at him and smiled.
  138. furious
    marked by extreme anger
    Mr. Smith danced a furious step and so the drums went mad.
  139. harvest
    the gathering of a ripened crop
    It was not done earlier because the rains were too heavy and would have washed away the heap of trodden earth, and it could not be done later because harvesting would soon set in, and after that the dry season.
  140. compound
    a whole formed by a union of two or more elements or parts
    Nwoye turned round to walk into the inner compound when his father, suddenly overcome with fury, sprang to his feet and gripped him by the neck.
  141. confident
    having or marked by confidence or assurance
    He heard the voice of singing and although it came from a handful of men it was loud and confident.
  142. retire
    withdraw from active participation
    Some of their men had gone out to beg the egwugwu to retire for a short while for the women to pass.
  143. seize
    take hold of; grab
    He seized a heavy stick that lay on the dwarf wall and hit him two or three savage blows.
  144. reduce
    make smaller
    One of the greatest crimes a man could commit was to unmask an egwugwu in public, or to say or do anything which might reduce its immortal prestige in the eyes of the uninitiated.
  145. zeal
    a feeling of strong eagerness (usually in favor of a person or cause)
    It was in fact one of them who in his zeal brought the church into serious conflict with the clan a year later by killing the sacred python, the emanation of the god of water.
  146. flourish
    grow vigorously
    He would return with a flourish, and regain the seven wasted years.
  147. stem
    cylinder forming a long narrow part of something
    Each of them carried a long cane basket, a machete for cutting down the soft cassava stem, and a little hoe for digging out the tuber.
  148. primitive
    little evolved from or characteristic of an earlier ancestral type
    The resolute administrator in him gave way to the student of primitive customs.
  149. restrain
    hold back
    But Mr. Kiaga restrained them.
  150. ancestor
    someone from whom you are descended (but usually more remote than a grandparent)
    It was well known among the people of Mbanta that their gods and ancestors were sometimes long-suffering and would deliberately allow a man to go on defying them.
  151. suspend
    bar temporarily; from school, office, etc.
    The villagers were so certain about the doom that awaited these men that one or two converts thought it wise to suspend their allegiance to the new faith.
  152. wrath
    intense anger (usually on an epic scale)
    "When he killed Oduche in the fight over the land, he fled to Aninta to escape the wrath of the earth.
  153. tread
    put down or press the foot, place the foot
    It was the time for treading red earth with which to build walls.
  154. release
    grant freedom to; free from confinement
    The other people were released, but even now they have not found the mouth with which to tell of their suffering."
  155. gratitude
    a feeling of thankfulness and appreciation
    My mother's people have been good to me and 1 must show my gratitude."
  156. prepare
    make ready or suitable or equip in advance for a particular purpose or for some use, event, etc
    Three converts had gone into the village and boasted openly that all the gods were dead and impotent and that they were prepared to defy them by burning all their shrines.
  157. commissioner
    a member of a commission
    They had built a court where the District Commissioner judged cases in ignorance.
  158. boast
    show off
    They boast about victory over death.